EP0984692A1 - Nouveaux inhibiteurs d'angiogenese - Google Patents

Nouveaux inhibiteurs d'angiogenese

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Publication number
EP0984692A1
EP0984692A1 EP98923719A EP98923719A EP0984692A1 EP 0984692 A1 EP0984692 A1 EP 0984692A1 EP 98923719 A EP98923719 A EP 98923719A EP 98923719 A EP98923719 A EP 98923719A EP 0984692 A1 EP0984692 A1 EP 0984692A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pyrimidine
pyrazolo
pyridyl
compound
alkyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98923719A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0984692A4 (fr
Inventor
Mark T. Bilodeau
Randall W. Hungate
Richard L. Kendall
Ruth Rutledge
Kenneth A. Thomas, Jr.
Robert Rubino
Mark E. Fraley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck and Co Inc
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Merck and Co Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9800681.0A external-priority patent/GB9800681D0/en
Application filed by Merck and Co Inc filed Critical Merck and Co Inc
Publication of EP0984692A1 publication Critical patent/EP0984692A1/fr
Publication of EP0984692A4 publication Critical patent/EP0984692A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compounds which inhibit tyrosine kinase enzymes, compositions which contain tyrosine kinase inhibiting compounds and methods of using tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat tyrosine kinase-dependent diseases/conditions such as neoangiogenesis, cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy or inflammatory diseases, in mammals.
  • Tyrosine kinases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of the terminal phosphate of adenosine triphospate to tyrosine residues in protein substrates. Tyrosine kinases are believed, by way of substrate phosphorylation, to play critical roles in signal transduction for a number of cell functions. Though the exact mechanisms of signal transduction is still unclear, tyrosine kinases have been shown to be important contributing factors in cell proliferation, carcinogenesis and cell differentiation. Accordingly, inhibitors of these tyrosine kinases are useful for the prevention and treatment chemotherapy of proliferative diseases dependent on these enzymes.
  • Neoangiogenesis occurs in conjunction with tumor growth and in certain diseases of the eye. It is characterized by excessive activity of vascular endothelial growth factor.
  • VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor binds the high affinity membrane-spanning tyrosine kinase receptors KDR and Flt-1.
  • KDR mediates the mitogenic function of VEGF
  • Flt-1 appears to modulate non-mitogenic functions such as those associated with cellular adhesion. Inhibiting KDR thus modulates the level of mitogenic VEGF activity.
  • VEGF vascular growth in the retina leads to visual degeneration culminating in blindness.
  • Ocular VEGF mRNA and protein are elevated by conditions such as retinal vein occlusion in primates and decreased p0 2 levels in mice that lead to neovascularization.
  • Intraocular injections of anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies or VEGF receptor iinmunofusions inhibit ocular neovascularization in both primate and rodent models. Regardless of the cause of induction of VEGF in human diabetic retinopathy, inhibition of ocular VEGF is useful in treating the disease.
  • VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
  • monoclonal anti-VEGF antibodies inhibit the growth of human tumors in nude mice. Although these same tumor cells continue to express VEGF in culture, the antibodies do not diminish their mitotic rate. Thus tumor-derived VEGF does not function as an autocrine mitogenic factor. Therefore, VEGF contributes to tumor growth in vivo by promoting angiogenesis through its paracrine vascular endothelial cell chemotactic and mitogenic activities.
  • These monoclonal antibodies also inhibit the growth of typically less well vascularized human colon cancers in athymic mice and decrease the number of tumors arising from inoculated cells.
  • VEGF-binding construct of Flk-1 Viral expression of a VEGF-binding construct of Flk-1, the mouse KDR receptor homologue, truncated to eliminate the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domains but retaining a membrane anchor, virtually abolishes the growth of a transplantable glioblastoma in mice presumably by the dominant negative mechanism of heterodimer formation with membrane spanning endothelial cell VEGF receptors.
  • Embryonic stem cells which normally grow as solid tumors in nude mice, do not produce detectable tumors if both VEGF alleles are knocked out. Taken together, these data indicate the role of VEGF in the growth of solid tumors.
  • KDR or Flt-1 are implicated in pathological neoangiogenesis, and these are useful in the treatment of diseases in which neoangiogenesis is part of the overall pathology, e.g., diabetic retinal vascularization, as well as various forms of cancer.
  • Cancers which are treatable in accordance with the present invention demonstrate high levels of gene and protein expression.
  • cancers include cancers of the brain, genitourinary tract, lymphatic system, stomach, larynx and lung. These include histiocytic lymphoma, lung adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancers. Additional examples include cancers in which overexpression or activation of Raf-activating oncogenes (e.g., K-ras, erb-B) is observed. More particularly, such cancers include pancreatic and breast carcinoma.
  • Raf-activating oncogenes e.g., K-ras, erb-B
  • R j is H, C 0 alkyl, C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, halo, OH, C 3 .
  • heterocyclyl or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl; said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl being optionally substituted with from one to three members selected from R a ;
  • R 2 &R 3 are independently H, C j _ 6 alkyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, OH, N0 2 , -NH 2 , or halogen;
  • R 4 is H, C M0 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, C ⁇ _ 6 alkoxy C 2 . ⁇ 0 alkenyl, C 2 - ⁇ o alkynyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, C 3 . 10 heterocyclyl, Cj- 6 alkoxyNR 7 R 8 , N0 2 , OH, -NH 2 or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl, said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl being optionally substituted with from one to three members selected from R a ;
  • R 5 is H, or C ⁇ . 6 alkyl, OR, halo, NH 2 or N0 2 ;
  • Ra is H, C 0 alkyl, halogen, N0 2 , OR, -NR NR 7 R 8 , R 7 R 8 ,
  • R is H, or C 6 alkyl
  • R7&R8 are independently H, C 0 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, COR, COOR, COO-, C 5 . 10 aryl, C 3 . 10 heterocyclyl, or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl or NR7R8 can be taken together to form a heterocyclic 5-10 membered saturated or unsaturated ring containing, in addition to the nitrogen atom, one to two additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S.
  • composition which is comprised of a compound represented by the formula I:
  • R l 5 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are described as above or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or prodrug thereof in combination with a carrier.
  • Also included is a method of treating a tyrosine kinase dependent disease or condition in a mammal which comprises administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a tyrosine kinase dependent disease or condition treating amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or pro-drug thereof.
  • Also included in the present invention is a method of treating diseases in which neoangiogenesis is implicated, which is comprised of administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or pro-drug thereof in an amount which is effective for reducing neoangiogenesis.
  • a method of treating ocular disease in which neoangiogenesis occurs is included herein, which is comprised of administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt hydrate or pro-drug thereof in an amount which is effective for treating said ocular disease.
  • a method of treating retinal vascularization is included herein, which is comprised of administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or pro-drug thereof in an amount which is effective for treating retinal vascularization.
  • Diabetic retinopathy is an example of a disease in which neoangiogenesis or retinal vascularization is part of the overall disease etiology. Also included is a method of treating age-related macular degeneration.
  • alkyl refers to a monovalent alkane (hydrocarbon) derived radical containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms unless otherwise defined. It may be straight, branched or cyclic. Preferred straight or branched alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and t-butyl. Preferred cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
  • Alkyl also includes a straight or branched alkyl group which contains or is interrupted by a cycloalkylene portion. Examples include the following:
  • alkylene and monovalent alkyl portion(s) of the alkyl group can be attached at any available point of attachment to the cycloalkylene portion.
  • substituted alkyl this refers to a straight, branched or cyclic alkyl group as defined above, substituted with 1 -3 groups of R a , described herein.
  • alkenyl refers to a hydrocarbon radical straight, branched or cyclic containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon to carbon double bond. Preferably one carbon to carbon double bond is present, and up to four non- aromatic (non-resonating) carbon-carbon double bonds may be present.
  • Preferred alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl and cyclohexenyl. As described above with respect to alkyl, the straight, branched or cyclic portion of the alkenyl group may contain double bonds and may be substituted with one to three groups of R a , when a substituted alkenyl group is provided.
  • alkynyl refers to a hydrocarbon radical straight, branched or cyclic, containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon to carbon triple bond. Up to three carbon- carbon triple bonds may be present.
  • Preferred alkynyl groups include ethynyl, propynyl and butynyl. As described above with respect to alkyl, the straight, branched or cyclic portion of the alkynyl group may contain triple bonds and may be substituted with 1-3 groups of R a , when a substituted alkynyl group is provided.
  • Aryl refers to 5-10 membered aromatic rings e.g., phenyl, substituted phenyl and like groups as well as rings which are fused, e.g., naphthyl and the like.
  • Aryl thus contains at least one ring having at least 5 atoms, with up to two such rings being present, containing up to 10 atoms therein, with alternating (resonating) double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms.
  • the preferred aryl groups are phenyl and naphthyl.
  • Aryl groups may likewise be substituted with 1 -3 groups of R a as defined herein.
  • Preferred substituted aryls include phenyl and naphthyl substituted with one or two groups.
  • heterocycle, heteroaryl or heterocyclic represents a stable 5- to 7- membered mono- or bicyclic or stable 7- to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring system, any ring of which may be saturated or unsaturated, and which consists of carbon atoms and from one to three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and wherein the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may optionally be oxidized, and the nitrogen heteroatom may optionally be quaternized, and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring.
  • the heterocyclic ring may be attached at any heteroatom or carbon atom which results in the creation of a stable structure.
  • heterocycle, heteroaryl or heterocyclic may be substituted with 1-3 groups of R a .
  • heterocyclic elements include piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2- oxopyrrolodinyl, 2-oxoazepinyl, azepinyl, pyrrolyl, 4-piperidonyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolyl, isoxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, quinuclidinyl, isothiazolidinyl,
  • alkoxy refers to those groups of the designated length in either a straight or branched configuration and if two or more carbon atoms in length, they may include a double or a triple bond.
  • alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, tertiary butoxy, pentoxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy, isohexoxy allyloxy, propargyloxy, and the like.
  • halogen is intended to include the halogen atom fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
  • prodrug refers to compounds which are drug precursors which, following administration and absorption, release the drug in vivo via some metabolic process.
  • exemplary prodrugs include acyl amides of the amino compounds of this inventon such as amides of amides of aryl acids (e.g., benzoic acid) and alkane(C ! . 6 )dioic acids.
  • Tyrosine kinase dependent diseases or conditions refers to hyperproliferative disorders which are initiated/maintained by aberrant tyrosine kinase enzyme activity. Examples include psoriasis, cancer, immunoregulation (graft rejection), atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, angiogenesis (e.g. tumor growth, diabetic retinopathy), etc.
  • R ! is H, C M0 alkyl, C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, halo, OH, C 3 .
  • heterocyclyl or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl; said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl being optionally substituted with from one to three members selected from R a ;
  • R 2 &R 3 are independently H, C N6 alkyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, OH, N0 2 , -NH 2 , or halogen;
  • R 4 is H, C 0 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, Cj. 6 alkoxy C 2 . 10 alkenyl, C 2 - ⁇ o alkynyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, C 3 . 10 heterocyclyl, C ⁇ - 6 alkoxyNR 7 R 8 , N0 2 , OH, -NH 2 or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl, said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl being optionally substituted with from one to three members selected from R a ;
  • R 5 is H, or Cj_ 6 alkyl, OR, halo, NH 2 or N0 2 ;
  • R a is H, C M0 alkyl, halogen, N0 2 , OR, -NR, NR 7 R 8 , R 7 R 8j
  • R is H, or Cj. 6 alkyl
  • R7&R8 are independently H, Cj. 10 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, COR, COOR, COO-, C 5 . 10 aryl, C 3 . 10 heterocyclyl, or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl or NR7R8 can be taken together to form a heterocyclic 5-10 membered saturated or unsaturated ring containing, in addition to the nitrogen atom, one to two additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S.
  • Rj is H, C J . JO alkyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, C 3 . 10 heterocyclyl, or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl; said alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl being optionally substituted with from one to three members selected from R a ;
  • R 2 &R 3 are independently H, Cj_ 6 alkyl, C 3 - 6 cycloalkyl, OH, or halogen;
  • R 4 is H, Cj.io a] ky ⁇ , C 3 - 6 cycloalkyl, C 5 . 10 aryl, C 5 . 10 heteroaryl, C 3 . 10 heterocyclyl, C ⁇ - 6 alkoxyNR 7 R 8 , N0 2 , OH, -NH 2 or C 5 . 10 heteroaryl, said alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl being optionally substituted with from one to three members selected from R a ; and all other variables are as described above.
  • Schemes 1-3 for preparing the novel compounds of this invention are presented below.
  • the examples which follow the schemes illustrate the compounds that can be synthesized by Schemes 1-3, but Schemes 1-3 are not limited by the compounds in the tables nor by any particular substituents employed in the schemes for illustrative pu ⁇ oses.
  • the examples specifically illustrate the application of the following schemes to specific compounds.
  • a method for the preparation of 3,6-diaryl pyrazolo(l,5-A)pyrimidines comprises mixing a commercially available malondialdehyde compound (1), with commercially available aminopyrazole (2) in an alcohol, such as ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, butanol and the like, said alcohol containing catalytic quantities of an acid, such as acetic acid, to yield (3), wherein Arl and r2, respectively, are R4 and Rl 5 as described above.
  • Scheme 2 depicts a means for making 3,6-diaryl pyrazolo(l,5-A)pyrimidines when the desired aminopyrazole is not commercially available.
  • compound (8) is obtained.
  • Treatment of (8) with a boronic acid derivative in the presence of a palladium catalyst provides after workup the desired material (9).
  • Arl and Ar2 are as described above.
  • Scheme 3 illustrateates another method for the preparation of 3,7 diarylpyrazolo(l,5-A)pyrimidines.
  • the commercially available ketone (15) and nitrile (18) are treated seperately with dimethylformamidedimethyl acetal (16) in refluxing toluene to give products (17) and (19) respectively.
  • Compound (19) is then treated with hydrazinehydrochloride in refluxing ethanol to give the aminopyrazole (20).
  • Arl and Ar2 are as described above.
  • the invention described herein includes a pharmaceutical composition which is comprised of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof in combination with a carrier.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts and “hydrates” refer to those salts and hydrated forms of the compound which would be apparent to the pharmaceutical chemist, i.e., those which favorably affect the physical or pharmacokinetic properties of the compound, such as solubility, palatability, abso ⁇ tion, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
  • Other factors, more practical in nature, which are also important in the selection are the cost of the raw materials, ease of crystallization, yield, stability, solubility, hygroscopicity and flowability of the resulting bulk drug.
  • a compound of formula I is present as a salt or hydrate which is non-pharmaceutically acceptable, this can be converted to a salt or hydrate form which is pharmaceutically acceptable in accordance with the present invention.
  • a counterion e.g., an alkali metal cation such as sodium or potassium.
  • suitable counterions include calcium, magnesium, zinc, ammonium, or alkylammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, choline, triethylhydroammonium, meglumine, triethanolhydroammonium, etc.
  • An appropriate number of counterions is associated with the molecule to maintain overall charge neutrality.
  • an appropriate number of negatively charged counterions is present to maintain overall charge neutrality.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts also include acid addition salts.
  • the compound can be used in the form of salts derived from inorganic or organic acids or bases.
  • examples include acetate, adipate, alginate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bisulfate, butyrate, citrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesulfonate, fumarate, glucoheptanoate, glycerophosphate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, 2- hydroxyethanesulfonate, lactate, maleate, methanesulfonate, 2- naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, oxalate, pamoate, pectinate, persulfate, 3-phenylpropionate, picrate,
  • Base salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts, salts with organic bases such as dicyclohexylamine salts, N-methyl-D-glucamine, and salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine, and so forth.
  • the basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quaternized with such agents as lower alkyl halides, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chloride, bromides and iodides; dialkyl sulfates like dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl; and diamyl sulfates, long chain halides such as decyl, lauryl, myristyl and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides, aralkyl halides like benzyl and phenethyl bromides and others.
  • Other pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the sulfate salt ethanolate and sulfate salts.
  • the compounds of the present invention may have asymmetric centers and occur as racemates, racemic mixtures and as individual diastereomers, or enantiomers with all isomeric forms being included in the present invention.
  • any variable e.g., aryl, heterocyle, Rl, etc
  • its definition on each occcurence is independent of its definition at every other occurrence, unless otherwise stated.
  • the compounds of the invention can be formulated in a pharmaceutical composition by combining the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Examples of such compositions and carriers are set forth below.
  • the compounds may be employed in powder or crystalline form, in solution or in suspension. They may be administered orally, parenterally (intravenously or intramuscularly), topically, transdermally or by inhalation.
  • the carrier employed may be, for example, either a solid or liquid.
  • solid carriers include lactose, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatin, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, stearic acid and the like.
  • liquid carriers include syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, water and the like.
  • the carrier for oral use may include time delay material well known in the art, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate alone or with a wax.
  • Topical applications may be formulated in carriers such as hydrophobic or hydrophilic bases to form ointments, creams, lotions, in aqueous, oleaginous or alcoholic liquids to form paints or in dry diluents to form powders.
  • Such topical formulations can be used to treat ocular diseases as well as inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, delayed hypersensitivity reactions and the like.
  • Examples of oral solid dosage forms include tablets, capsules, troches, lozenges and the like.
  • the size of the dosage form will vary widely, but preferably will be from about 25 mg to about 500mg.
  • Examples of oral liquid dosage forms include solutions, suspensions, syrups, emulsions, soft gelatin capsules and the like.
  • Examples of injectable dosage forms include sterile injectable liquids, e.g., solutions, emulsions and suspensions.
  • Examples of injectable solids would include powders which are reconstituted, dissolved or suspended in a liquid prior to injection.
  • the carrier is typically comprised of sterile water, saline or another injectable liquid, e.g., peanut oil for intramuscular injections.
  • various buffering agents, preservatives and the like can be included.
  • dosages can be varied depending upon the overall condition of the patient, the nature of the illness being treated and other factors.
  • An example of a suitable oral dosage range is from about 0.1 to about 80 mg/kg per day, in single or divided doses.
  • An example of a suitable parenteral dosage range is from about 0.1 to about 80 mg/kg per day, in single or divided dosages, administered by intravenous or intramuscular injection.
  • An example of a topical dosage range is from about 0.1 mg to about 150 mg, applied externally from about one to four times a day.
  • An example of an inhalation dosage range is from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 1 mg/kg per day.
  • the compounds may be administered in conventional dosages as a single agent or in combination with other therapeutically active compounds.
  • Step 2 A suspension of (10) (250 mg, 0.82 mmol), thiophene-3-boronic acid (11) (158 mg, 1.24 mmol), and aqueous sodium carbonate (2 M, 1 mL) in dioxane (5 mL) was de-gassed by evacuating and backflushing with argon (3x). Tetrakis(triphenyl-phosphine) palladium (20 mg, 0.017 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was de-gassed again. The argon filled flask was then submerged in an oil bath pre-heated to 90°C and was heated at that temperature for 16 h.
  • Ethanethiol (30 mg, 36 uL) was added drop wise over 1 min to a suspension of sodium hydride (23 mg, 0.98 mmol) in dry DMF (2 mL) under argon. After 15 min, the compound of example 2 (50 mg, 0.16 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was heated at 150°C for 1.5 h. The resulting brown solution was cooled, poured into water (25 mL) and washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 25 mL). The combined organics were dried (Na 2 S0 4 ), concentrated, and purified by flash chromatography (40%
  • Step 2 A solution of 25 (2.0 g, 8.3 mmol) in dry THF (30 mL) at
  • 0°C was treated with lithium aluminum hydride (1.0 M in THF, 16.5 mL, 16.5 mmol) over a 5 min period.
  • the reaction mixture was warmed gradually to 15°C over 20 min and then was re- cooled to 0°C and quenched sequentially with water (630 uL), aqueous sodium hydroxide (I N, 630 uL), and then water (3 x 630 uL).
  • the resulting white suspension was stirred for 15 min, dried (Na2S04), and filtered washing with THF (100 mL) and ethyl acetate (100 mL).
  • VEGF receptor kinase activity is measured by inco ⁇ oration of radio-labeled phosphate into polyglutamic acid, tyrosine, 4: 1 (pEY) substrate.
  • the phosphorylated pEY product is trapped onto a filter membrane and the incoporation of radio- labeled phosphate quantified by scintillation counting.
  • VEGF receptor kinase The intracellular tyrosine kinase domains of human
  • KDR (Terman, B.I. et al. Oncogene (1991) vol. 6, pp. 1677-1683.) and Flt-1 (Shibuya, M. et al. Oncogene (1990) vol. 5, pp. 519- 524) were cloned as glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene fusion proteins. This was accomplished by cloning the cytoplasmic domain of the KDR kinase as an in frame fusion at the carboxy terminus of the GST gene.
  • GST glutathione S-transferase
  • Soluble recombinant GST-kinase domain fusion proteins were expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) insect cells (Invitrogen) using a baculovirus expression vector (pAcG2T, Pharmingen).
  • Sf21 cells were infected with recombinant virus at a multiplicity of infection of 5 virus particles/ cell and grown at
  • VEGF receptors that mediate mitogenic responses to the growth factor is largely restricted to vascular endothelial cells.
  • Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in culture proliferate in response to VEGF treatment and can be used as an assay system to quantify the effects of KDR kinase inhibitors on VEGF stimulation.
  • quiescent HUVEC monolayers are treated with vehicle or test compound 2 hours prior to addition of VEGF or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).
  • the mitogenic response to VEGF or bFGF is determined by measuring the inco ⁇ oration of [ 3 H]thymidine into cellular DNA.
  • HUVECs frozen as primary culture isolates are obtained from Clonetics Co ⁇ . Cells are maintained in Endothelial Growth Medium (EGM; Clonetics) and are used for mitogenic assays at passages 3-7.
  • EGM Endothelial Growth Medium
  • NUNC #167008 NUNCLON 96-well polystyrene tissue culture plates
  • IPX [ 3 HlThymidine [Methyl- 3 H]Thymidine (20 Ci/mmol; Dupont-NEN) is diluted to 80 uCi/ml in low-glucose DMEM.
  • HUVEC monolayers maintained in EGM are harvested by trypsinization and plated at a density of 4000 cells per 100 ul Assay Medium per well in 96-well plates. Cells are growth- arrested for 24 hours at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% C0 2 .
  • Growth-arrest medium is replaced by 100 ul Assay Medium containing either vehicle (0.25% [v/v] DMSO) or the desired final concentration of test compound. All determinations are performed in triplicate. Cells are then incubated at 37°C/5% C0 2 for 2 hours to allow test compounds to enter cells.
  • [ 3 H]Thymidine (10 ul/well) is added. 5. Three days after addition of [ 3 H]thymidine, medium is removed by aspiration, and cells are washed twice with Cell Wash Medium (400 ul/well followed by 200 ul/well). The washed, adherent cells are then solubilized by addition of Cell Lysis Solution (100 ul/well) and warming to 37°C for 30 minutes. Cell lysates are transferred to 7-ml glass scintillation vials containing 150 ul of water. Scintillation cocktail (5 ml/vial) is added, and cell-associated radioactivity is determined by liquid scintillation spectroscopy.
  • the compounds of formula I are inhibitors of VEGF and thus are useful for the inhibition of neoangiogenesis, such as in the treatment of occular disease, e.g., diabetic retinopathy and in the treatment of cancers, e.g., solid tumors.
  • the instant compounds inhibit VEGF-stimulated mitogenesis of human vascular endothelial cells in culture with IC 50 values between 150-650 nM. These compounds also show selectivity over related tyrosine kinases (e.g. FGFRl and the Src family).

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des composés qui inhibent des enzymes de type tyrosine kinase, des compositions qui contiennent ces composés inhibant la tyrosine kinase, et des procédés d'utilisation des inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase permettant de traiter des états/maladies dépendant de la tyrosine kinase tels que l'angiogénèse, le cancer, l'athérosclérose, la rétinopathie diabétique ou des maladies auto-immunes chez les mammifères.
EP98923719A 1997-05-30 1998-05-26 Nouveaux inhibiteurs d'angiogenese Withdrawn EP0984692A4 (fr)

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US4807697P 1997-05-30 1997-05-30
US48076P 1997-05-30
GB9800681 1998-01-14
GBGB9800681.0A GB9800681D0 (en) 1998-01-14 1998-01-14 Novel angiogenesis inhibitors
PCT/US1998/010590 WO1998054093A1 (fr) 1997-05-30 1998-05-26 Nouveaux inhibiteurs d'angiogenese

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EP0984692A1 true EP0984692A1 (fr) 2000-03-15
EP0984692A4 EP0984692A4 (fr) 2001-02-21

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WO1998054093A1 (fr) 1998-12-03
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AU7594498A (en) 1998-12-30
EP0984692A4 (fr) 2001-02-21
JP2002501532A (ja) 2002-01-15

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