NO160303B - Polymeriseringskatalysator, katalysatorbestanddel for fremstilling av katalysatoren og anvendelse av katalysatoren. - Google Patents
Polymeriseringskatalysator, katalysatorbestanddel for fremstilling av katalysatoren og anvendelse av katalysatoren. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO160303B NO160303B NO812676A NO812676A NO160303B NO 160303 B NO160303 B NO 160303B NO 812676 A NO812676 A NO 812676A NO 812676 A NO812676 A NO 812676A NO 160303 B NO160303 B NO 160303B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- catalyst
- dihalide
- compound
- electron donor
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical group CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous n-heptane Natural products CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 magnesium halide Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 6
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910003910 SiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXPDYFSTVHQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH2]OCC ZXPDYFSTVHQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940052296 esters of benzoic acid for local anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGERXYZHJFOFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-o-ethyl 1-o-methyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC HGERXYZHJFOFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMGYYSMUGVAJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C.CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC Chemical compound C=C.CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC GMGYYSMUGVAJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004721 HSiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012093 Myrtus ugni Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061461 Tema Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910010062 TiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZDPONITMCBDOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [ethoxy(diphenyl)silyl] triethyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OCC)(O[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GZDPONITMCBDOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001502 aryl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEZFASCUIZYYEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](Cl)(OCC)OCC JEZFASCUIZYYEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEYKSONZGURWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-diethoxy-phenylsilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](Cl)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LEYKSONZGURWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEHPWDJFRGQQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=O)OCC)C(C(=O)OCC)=CC2=C1 YEHPWDJFRGQQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVJXKUWNRVOUTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(triphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZVJXKUWNRVOUTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYEJNNDSIXAGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](CC)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C MYEJNNDSIXAGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CNWUDMDXRVLRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[diethoxy(phenyl)silyl]-n-ethylethanamine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(N(CC)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 CNWUDMDXRVLRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYPIRAZPRGBECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilyl acetate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OC(C)=O YYPIRAZPRGBECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYTROFMCUJZKNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl triethoxysilyl silicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)O[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC GYTROFMCUJZKNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/02—Carriers therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en katalysator av den art som er angitt i krav l's ingress for polymeriserina av ct^olef.iner.
De bårede og meget aktive og meget stereospesifikke katalysatorer som til nå har vært anvendt for polymerisering av propylen og høyere olefinér erholdes ved omsetning av en Al-alkyl-forbindelse, delvis kompleksbundet med en elektrondonor-forbindelse (ekstern donor) med en fast forbindelse omfattende en Ti-.forbindelse og en. elektrondonor-forbindelse (intern donor) båret på et magnesiumhalogenid i aktiv form.
Eksempler på slike katalysatorer er beskrevet bl.a. i britisk patent nr. 1.559.194 og belgisk patent nr. 868,682.
Eksterne donorer bestående av silisiumforbindelser inneholdende Si-O-C bindinger er også beskrevet (japansk patentsøk-nad Sho 79/94590 og Sho 80/36203). Blant de mange interne donorer er forbindelser som metylmetakrylat og etylpivalat nevnt. Imidlertid i alle de kjente katalysatorer hvori en silisiumforbindelse inneholdende Si-O-C bindinger har vært anvendt som ekstern donor, har estere av benzosyre og deri-vater derav vært anvendt som intern donor.
Effektiviteten av de ovenfor nevnte katalysatorer, uttrykt som aktivitet og stereospesifisitet er ikke forskjellige fra effektiviteten av de katalysatorer hvori etylbenzoat og lignende estere av benzosyre har vært anvendt som ekstern donor.
Det er nå overraskende funnet at det er mulig å forøke akti-viteten og stereospesifisiteten for de tidligere kjente bårede katalysatorer omfattende som ekstern donor en silisiumforbindelse inneholdende Si-O-C bindinger, ved å anvende som intern donor en ester med en spesiell struktur.
Katalysatorene.ifølge oppfinnelsen omfatter reaksjonsprodukt-
er med de følgende bestanddeler:
a) en Al-trialkyl forbindelse; b) en si1isiumforbindelse inneholdende en eller flere Si-OR bindinger (R er en hydrokarbongruppe); c) et faststoff bestående av, som bærer, et vannfritt Mg-dihalogenid tilstede i aktiv form og båret på det
nevnte dihalogenid et Ti-halogenid eller et Ti-halogenalkoholat og en elektrondonorforbindelse.
Det nye ved katalysatoren er som angitt i den karakterise-rende del av krav 1, hvorved elektrondonorforbindelsen er: 1) en mono- eller diester av aromatiske dikarbok-sylsyrer med COOH-gruppene i ortostilling, hvori R i hydrokarbylgruppene COOR inneholder 1 eller 2 karbonatomer og minst en R i disse grupper inneholder
2 karbonatomer, eller
2) en ester av mettede og umettede karboksylsyrer med formelen RCOOR' hvori hydrokarbongruppen R enten er en mettet eller umettet forgrenet gruppe inneholdende 3 eller 4 karbonatomer eller en arylalkylgruppe med
7-10 karbonatomer eller en acylgruppe med 3-20 karbonatomer, og hvori R' er en hydrokarbylgruppe inneholdende 1 eller 2 karboantomer.
Oppfinnelsen er også rettet på en fast katalysatorbestanddel, som angitt i krav 4, og på anvendelse av katalysatoren, som angitt i krav 6.
Representative forbindelser som også er foretrukne er de følgende: dietylftalat, metyletylftalat, dietyl-2,3-naftalendikarboksylat, metyl- og etylpivalat, metyl- og etylmetakrylat.
Som indikert kan estrene av polykarboksylsyrene også inneholde uforestrede C00H grupper ved siden av estergrup-pene.
Ved fremstilling av komponent c) bringes estrene i kontakt med det aktive Mg-dihalogenid eller forløper for slike dihalogenider som forformede forbindelser eller estrene kan dannes in situ ved hjelp av kjente reaksjoner, f.eks. ved forestring av en alkohol eller et alkoholajt og et aryl-halogenid eller av et anhydrid eller en hemiester av en polykarboksylsyre med en alkohol eller ved transforestring. Estrene kan også anvendes i blanding med andre kjente interne donorer.
De aktive vannfrie Mg-dihalogenider som i det vesentlige dan-ner en bærer for komponenten c) er Mg-dihalogenider som i et røntgenpulverspektrum for komponenten c) utviser en spredning (a broadening) på minst 30 % av den mest intense diffraksjonslinje som er tilstede i pulverspektret for det tilsvarende dihalogenid med et overflateareal på 1 m 2/g eller er Mg-dihalogenider som utviser et røntgenpulverspek-trum hvori den mest intense diffraksjonslinje er erstattet med en halo hvor intensitetstoppen er forskjøvet i forhold til den interplanare avstand for den mest /intense linje og/ eller er Mg-dihalogenider med et overflateareal større enn 3 m<2>/g.
Måling av overflatearealet for Mg-dihalogenidene gjøres for komponent c) etter behandling med kokende TiCl^ i 2 h. Den funnede verdi betraktes som overflateareale for Mg-dihalogenidet.
Meget aktive former av Mg-dihalogenidene er de som viser røntgenpulverspektrum hvori den mest intense diffraksjonslinje som finnes i spektret for det tilsvarende dihalogenid med et overflateareal på 1 m 2/g har avtatt i relativ intensitet, og er spredd til å gi en halo, eller de hvori den mest intense linje er erstattet av en halo hvis intensitets-topp er forskjøvet med hensyn til den interplanare avstand til den mest intense linje. Generelt er overflatearealet for de mest aktive former større enn 30 - 40 m 2/g og ligger fortrinnsvis i området 100 - 300 m 2/g.
Aktive former er også de som er avledet fra de ovenfor nevnte former ved varmebehandling i inerte hydrokarbonoppløs-ningsmidler og hvis røntgenstrålespektrum viser skarpe diffraksjonslinjer i stedet for halo'er. Den skarpe og mest intense Jlinje for disse former viser en utspredning på minst 30 % i forhold til den tilsvarende linje for Mg-dihalogenidet med et overflateareal på 1 m 2/g. Foretrukne Mg-dihalogenider er Mg-diklorid og Mg-dibromid. Vanninn-holdet i dihalogenidene er generelt mindre enn 1 vekt-%.
For Ti-halogenider eller Ti-halogenalkoholater og estere båret på det aktive Mg-dihalogenid er ment de ovenfor nevnte forbindelser som kan være kjemisk eller fysikalsk bundet til bæreren og som ikke er•ekstraherbare fra bestanddel c) ved behandling av denne med kokende 1,2-dikloretan i 2 h.
Komponentene a), b) og c) bringes til å reagere med hverandre i en hvilken som helst rekkefølge imidlertid forblandes bestanddelene a) og b) før de bringes i kontakt med komponent c) .
Komponent c) kan være forblandet med enten komponent a) og/eller b). Forblanding av a) og b) utføres ved temperaturer som vanligvis ligger mellom romtemperatur og temperaturen som anvendes i polymerisasjonsprosessen.
Forreaksjonen mellom c) og b) kan utføres også ved høyere temperatur. Komponent b) kan også innarbeides eller bringes til å reagere med selve komponent c).
Komponent b) bringes til å reagere i et molart forhold i forhold til den halogenerte Ti-forbindelse båret på komponent c) på minst 1 og i et molforhold med hensyn til Al-alkyl-forbindelsen anvendt som komponent a) på mindre enn 20 og fortrinnsvist i området 0,05 - 0,3.
I komponent c) ligger molforholdet mellom Mg-dihalogenidet og den halogenerte Ti-forbindelse som er båret derpå i området 1 - 500 og molforholdet mellom den halogenerte Ti-forbindelse og elektrondonoren båret på Mg-dihalogenidet i området 0,1 - 50. Silikonforbindelsen som inngår i b) innbefatter forbindelser med den generelle formel:
hvori:
R er en alkyl-, alkenyl-, aryl-, arylalkyl- eller cykloalkyl-
gruppe med 1-20 karbonatomer,
Y er -OR', -OCOR', -NR^<1> hvori R<1> enten er lik eller forskjellig fra R og har den samme betydning som R,
X er enten halogen eller hydrogen eller en OCOR", -NR^" gruppe hvori R" enten er lik eller forskjellig fra R' og har
samme betydning som R<1>,
m, n og p er tall som henholdsvis betyr:
m = 0 - 3, n=l-4ogp=0-l med det forbehold at m+n+p 4. Andre silisiumforbindelser som kan anvendes er forbindelser hvori 2 eller flere silisiumatomer er bundet til hverandre via oksygen-eller nitrogenatomer. Eksempler på disse forbindelser er heksaetoksydisiloksan, symmetrisk difenyl-tetraetoksydisiloksan
Foretrukne silisiumforbindelser er fenylalkoksysilaner så som fenyltrietoksy-eller trimetoksysilan, difenyldimetoksy-, og dietoksysilan, monoklorfenyldietoksysilan, alkylalkoksy-silaner så som etylentrietoksysilan, etyltriisopropoksy-silan.
Eksempler på egnede andre forbindelser er klortrietoksy-silan, acetoksytrietoksysilan, vinyltrietoksysilan, butyltri-etoksysilan, trifenylmonoetoksysilan, fenyltricykloetoksysil-an, fenyldietoksydietylaminosilan, tetrafenoksysilan eller tetralkoksysilaner som tetrametoksysilan. Silisiumforbindelsen kan også dannes in situ ved eksempelvis omsetning av en halogenert silisiumforbindelse så som SiCl4 med en alkohol eller et alkoholat av Mg eller Al.
I katalysatoren i henhold til oppfinnelsen er silisiumforbindelsen til stede i en kombinert form i det faste produkt av reaksjonen mellom de forskjellige katalysatordannende komponenter idet molforholdet mellom silisiumforbindelsen og den halogenerte Ti-forbindelse er større enn 0,05 og ligger generelt i området 0,1 - 5.
Al-alkylforbindelsene som utgjør bestanddelen a) innbefatter Al-trialkyler eksempelvis Al-trietyl, Al-triisobutyl, Al-triisopropyl.
Al-alkylforbindelsene kan anvendes i blanding med Al-alkyl-halogenider så som AlEt2Cl.
Komponent c) fremstilles i henhold til kjente metoder hvor-av en består i å sammale Mg-halogenidet og elektrondonorforbindelsen ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse inntil frem-komsten av røntgenspekteret for det malte ..produkt utviser de ovenfor angitte forandringer for Mg-dihalogenidet og deretter omsettes det malte- produkt med Ti-forbindelsen.
Fremstillinger av denne type er beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1.559.194.
Lignende fremstillinger er beskrevet i US-patentene nr. 4.107.413, 4.107.414 og 4.107.415.
En annen metode består i å omsette adduktet av et Mg-halogenid med en alkohol med en Ti-forbindelse i nærvær av en elektrondonorforbindelse som ikke inneholder aktive hydro-genatomer. Denne fremgangsmåte er beskrevet i belgisk patent nr. 8 68.68 2.
I henhold til en annen metode som er beskrevet i DOS 3.022.738 så omsettes adduktet mellom Mg-dihalogenidet og alkoholen i væskeform med den halogenerte Ti-forbindelse og elektrondonorforbindelsen.
Ytterligere fremgangsmåter er beskrevet i DOS nr. 2.924.092, US-patent 4.220.554 så vel som i italiensk patentsøknad nr. 27.261/79.
En annen metode omfatter sammaling av Mg-dihalogenidet, den halogenerte Ti-forbindelse og elektrondonoren inntil aktiv-ering av Mg-dihalogenidet og deretter behandle det malte produkt i suspensjon i et halogenert hydrokarbon så som 1,2-dikloretan, klorbenzen, metylenklorid og heksakloretan.
Behandlingen utføres ved en temperatur i området fra 4 0°C og kokepunktet for det halogenerte hydrokarbon i et tidsrom på 1 - 4 h.
I henhold til en annen metode impregneres en porøs bærer
så som Si02 eller A^O^, med et lavt innhold av OH grupper, (fortrinnsvis mindre enn 1 vekt-%) med et flytende addukt mellom Mg-dihalogenidet og en alkohol hvoretter bæreren be-handles med et overskudd av TiCl^ inneholdende oppløst elektrondonorforbindelse ifølge fremgangsmåten beskrevet i tysk patentsøknad nr. 3.022.7 38 eller belgisk patent nr. 868.682.
Sluttproduktet fremstilt i henhold til de ovenfor nevnte metoder inneholder Mg-dihalogenidet tilstede i en aktiv
form, slik som angitt ovenfor.
Andre kjente metoder som fører til dannelse av Mg-dihalogenidet i aktiv form eller til Ti- inneholdende Mg-dihalogenid-bårede komponenter hvori dihalogenidet er tilstede i aktiv form er basert på de følgende reaksjoner: - omsetning av et Grignard-reagens med en Mg forbindelse (R er en hydrokarbylgruppe) eller komplekser av Mg R2 forbindelser med Al-trialkyler, med halogeneringsmidler så som A1X3 eller Al Rmxn forbindelser (X er halogen, R er
en hydrokarbylgruppe, m+n = 3), SiCl4 eller HSiCl3,
- ved omsetning av et Grignard-reagens med en silanol eller polysiloksan, B^O eller med en alkohol og ytterligere omsetning med et halogeneringsmiddel eller med TiCl^, - ved omsetning av Mg med en alkohol og en halogenhydrogen-syre eller Mg med et hydrokarbylhalogenid og en alkohol,
- ved omsetning av MgO med Cl 2 eller AlCl^,
- ved omsetning av MgX2«nH20 (X = halogen) med et halogeneringsmiddel eller TiCl4, - eller ved omsetning av Mg mono- eller dialkoholater eller Mg-karboksylater med et halogeneringsmiddel.
Ti-halogenidene eller Ti-halogenalkoholatene innbefatter særlig Ti-tetrahalogenider, Ti-trihalogenider og Ti-tri-halogenalkoholater. Foretrukne forbindelser er: TiCl^ og TiBr..
4
Ti-trihalogenidene erholdes i henhold til kjente fremgangsmåter, eksempelvis ved reduksjon av TiCl^ med Al eller en metallorganisk Al-forbindelse eller med hydrogen.
For tilfellet Ti-trihalogenider kan det være passende i den hensikt å forbedre effektiviteten av katalysatorene å utføre en oksydasjon, eventuelt partiell, av titanet enten under eller etter fremstillingen av komponent c).
For dette formål kan det anvendes halogener, jodhalogenider.
Foretrukne katalysatorer er de hvori komponent c) er erholdt fra MgCl^f TiC^ °9 dietylftalater, metyl- og etylpivalater og hvori komponent b) er fenyl- eller etyltrietoksysilan eller difenyldimetoksy- eller dietoksysilan.
Komponent a) er en Al-trialkyl så som Al-trietyl eller Al-triisobutyl.
Komponent c) kan fremstilles i henhold til metodene beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1.559.194, belgisk patent nr. 868.682, tysk patentsøknad nr. 2.924.029, US-patent nr. 4.220.554, italiensk patentsøknad nr. 27.261/79 eller tysk patentsøknad nr. 3.022.738.
Den foretrukne fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av komponent
c) innbefatter også sammaling av MgC^» TiCl^ og esteren og deretter behandle det malte produkt med et halogenert
hydrokarbon så som 1,2-dikloretan.
Katalysatoren i henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendes for polymerisering av a-olefiner i henhold til kjente metoder, dvs. ved utføring av polymerisasjonen i væskefase, enten i nærvær eller fravær av et inert hydrokarbonoppløsningsmiddel, eller i gassfase eller eksempelvis kombinering av væskefase-polymerisasjonstrinn etterfulgt av et gassfasepolymerisa-sjonstrinn.
Generelt ligger temperaturen i området 4 0° - 160°C, fortrinnsvis i området 60° - 90°C idet det arbeides ved atmos-færetrykk eller høyere.
Som molekylvektregulerende bestanddel kan hydrogen eller andre kjente regulatorer anvendes.
Katalysatoren er spesielt egnet ved polymerisering av propylen, buten-1, styren, 4-metylpenten. Katalysatoren kan også anvendes i henhold til kjente metoder for polymerisering av blandinger av propylen og etylen til å gi modifiser-te polypropylener med bedre sjokkmotstandsevne ved lave temperaturer (såkalte blokkopolymerer av propylen og etylen) eller for erholdelse av tilfeldige krystallinske kopolymer-er av propylen med mindre andeler av etylen.
De følgende eksempler illustrerer oppfinnelsen nærmere.
EKSEMPLENE 1 og 2
I en rustfri stålautoklav med et totalvolum på 3 1 og for-synt med magnetisk rører og varmestabilisert ved 60°C ved hjelp av et termoelement og holdt under en nitrogenatmosfære, ble det innført 1000 ml av en suspensjon i avgasset og vannfri n-heptan inneholdende 5 mol trietylaluminium, fenyltri-etoksysilan (PES) og en fast katalysatorbestanddel fremstilt i henhold til eksempel 1, i italiensk patentsøknad nr. 27.261/79, idet det i steden for etylbenzoat ble anvendt estrene angitt i den etterfølgende tabell I under en samtidig innmatning av propylen. Katalysatorbestanddelene som således ble fremstilt utviste røntgenpulverspektra hvori den mest intense diffraksjonslinje som fremkommer i spektret for MgC^ med et overf lateareal på 1 m 2/g avtar i relativ intensitet og utbrer seg til å danne en halo.
Etter lukking av autoklaven ble hydrogen innført til et trykk på 0,2 kp/cm og temperaturen ble hevet til 7 0°C og samtidig ble propylen innført til et totaltrykk på 7 kp/cm 2.
Under polymerisasjonen ble trykket holdt konstant ved konti-nuerlig innmatning av monomeren. Etter 4 h ble polymerisasjonen stoppet ved en rask avkjøling og avgassing av poly-meroppslemningen. Polymeren ble separert fra oppløsnings-midlet ved filtrering og tørket i en varm nitrogenstrøm ved 70°C. Mengden av polymer oppløst i filtratet ble deretter isolert, veiet og summert til polymerandelen som var oppløs-elig i kokende n-heptan, for beregning av isotaktisitets-indeksen (I.I.).
Mengden av den anvendte katalysatorbestanddel og innholdet av Ti i komponenten, molforholdet mellom fenyltrietoksysil-an med hensyn til trietylaluminium, polymerutbytte i forhold til innført katalytisk bestanddel, isotaktisitetsin-deksen (I.I.), over f lateareal av den faste katalytiske bestand-
del og grenseverdien bestemt i tetralin ved 135°C er angitt i den etterfølgende tabell I.
EKSEMPEL 3
Eksempel 1 ble gjentatt under anvendelse av en fast katalysatorbestanddel fremstilt på følgende måte: Vannfri MgC^r en ester som angitt i tabell II og TiCl4 i molforholdet 1:1 med hensyn til esteren ble sammalt i en vibrerende mølle av type "VIBRATOM" (N.V. TEMA<1>S Gravenhage (Holland)), med et totalvolum på 1 1 og inneholdende.3 kg rustfrie stålkuler med en diameter på 16 mm.
En fyllingskoeffisient lik 100 g/g av det totale volum (vakuum) ble anvendt. Møllens indre temperatur var 2 5°C og maletiden var 72 h.
Ifylling av møllen, maling og uttømming av møllen ble fore-tatt under en nitrogenatmosfære. 10 g av det sammalte produkt ble brakt i kontakt med 100 ml 1,2-dikloretan ved 80°C i 2 h, hvoretter 1,2-dikloretan ble fjernet ved filtrering ved 80°C og det gjenværende faststoff ble gjentatte ganger vasket med n-heptan ved romtemperatur inntil filtratet var fritt for klorioner og ble deretter oppbevart i form av en heptansuspensjon.
De således fremstilte katalysatorkomponenter viste et rønt-genpulverspektrum hvori den mest intense diffraksjonslinje som fremkommer i spekteret for MgCl„ med et overflateareale på 1 m /g hadde avtatt i relativ intensitet og spredd seg til å gi en halo.
Esteren, karakteristika for den faste katalysatorbestanddel og resultatene av polymerisasjonsforsøkene er vist i tabell
II.
EKSEMPEL 4
Eksempel 1 ble gjentatt under anvendelse av en fast katalysatorbestanddel fremstilt i henhold til eksempel 3 i italiensk patentsøknad nr. 26.908 A/78.
Et fast addukt MgCl2 • 3 C^Hj-OH i form av sfæriske partik-ler ble langsomt tilsatt i en suspensjon av et addukt TiCl^-ester under anvendelse av molforholdene Mg/ester på
6 og TiCl4/C2H5OH på 12.
Blandingen ble deretter oppvarmet til 100°C og holdt ved denne temperatur i 2 h og deretter filtrert ved 100 oC. Det resulterende faste produkt ble behandlet med 110 ml TiCl^ ved 120°C i 2 h. Etter denne tidsperiode ble TiCl4 fjernet ved filtrering og faststoffet vasket med n-heptan ved temperaturer synkende fra 90°C til romtemperatur inntil fritt for klorioner og oppbevart i en heptanoppløsning.
Den fremstilte katalysatorbestanddel viste det samme rønt-genspektrum som katalysatorbestanddelen i henhold til eksempel 1.
Esteren, egenskapene for den faste katalysatorbestanddel og resultatene av polymeriseringsforsøk er gjengitt i tabell I.
SAMMENLIGNINGSEKSEMPLENE 1 og 2
Eksempel 1 ble gjentatt under anvendelse av den faste katalysatorbestanddel fremstilt i henhold til eksempel 1 i italiensk patentsøknad nr. 27,261/79. Røntgenpulverspektret var tilsvarende det for katalysatorbestanddelen ifølge eksempel 1. Resultatene av polymerisasjonsforsøkene er gjengitt i tabell I.
SAMMENLIGNINGSEKSEMPEL 3
Eksempel 4 ble gjentatt men under anvendelse av en fast katalysatorbestanddel fremstilt i henhold til eksempel 3
i italiensk patentsøknad nr. 26,908 A/78. Røntgenspekteret for katalysatorbestanddelen var tilsvarende de i henhold til eksempler 1 og 2. Egenskaper for det faste produkt og resul-tatet av polymerisasjonsforsøkene er gjengitt i tabell I.
Claims (6)
1. Katalysator fer polymerisering av a-olefiner, på basis av en Al-trialkylforbindelse og en silisiumforbindelse inneholdende en eller flere Si-OR-bindinger, hvor R er en hydrokarbongruppe, samt et vannfritt Mg-dinalogenid i aktiv form, som bærer for et Ti-halogenid eller Ti-halogenalkoholat og en fast elektrondonorforbindelse, karakterisert ved at katalysatoren er et reaksjensprodukt av nevnte Al-trialkylforbindelse, silisi-umf orbindelse og elektrondonorforbindelse båret på Mg-dihalogenidet, hvor den faste elektrondonorforbindelse er: 1.1 en mono- eller diester av en aromatisk dikarboksylsyre med COOH-gruppene i orto-stilling, hvorved R i COOR-gruppene inneholder 1 eller 2 karbonatomer, og hvor minst en R i disse grupper inneholder 2 karbonatomer , eller 1.2 en ester av en mettet eller umettet karboksylsyre med formelen RCOOR' hvori hydrokarbongruppen R er en mettet eller umettet forgrenet gruppe inneholdende 3 eller 4 karbonatomer, eller en arylalkylgruppe med 7 - 10 karbonatomer eller en acylgruppe med 3-20 karbonatomer, og hvori R' er en hydrokarbongruppe med 1 eller 2 karbonatomer.
2. Katalysator ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at Mg-dihalogenidet er Mg-diklorid og/eller Mg-dibromid, Ti-halogenidet er et Ti-tetrahalogenid og elek-trondcr.crf orbindeJ sen er dietylf talat, metyl- eller etylpivalat, metyl- eller etylmetakrylat.
3. Katalysator ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at silisiumforbindelsen er et fenyltrialkoksysilan eller et difenyldialkoksysilan eller et alkyl- di- eller trialkoksysilan.
4. Fast katalysatorbestanddel for anvendelse ved fremstilling av katalysatoren ifølge kravene 1-3, som består av et vannfritt Mg-dihalogenid i aktiv form som bærer og båret på Mg-dihalogenidet et Ti-halogenid eller Ti-halogenalkoholat, sirat en elektrondonorforbindelse, karakterisert ved at elektrondonorforbindelsen er: 1.1 en mono- eller diester av en aromatisk dikarboksylsyre, med COOIl-gruppene i orto-stilling, hvorved R i COOR-gruppene inneholder 1 eller 2 karbonatomer, og hvor minst en R i disse grupper inneholder 2 karbonatomer, eller 1.2 en ester av en mettet eller umettet karboksylsyre med formelen RCOOR' hvori hydrokarbongruppen R er en mettet eller umettet forgrenet gruppe inneholdende 3 eller 4 karbonatomer, eller en arylalkylgruppe med 7 - 10 karbonatomer eller en acylgruppe med 3-20 karbonatomer, og hvori R<1> er en hydrokarbongruppe med 1 eller 2 karbonatomer.
5. Katalysatorbestanddel ifølge det foregående krav, karakterisert ved at Mg-dihalogenidet er Mg-diklorid og/eller Mg-dibromid, Ti-halogenidet er et Ti-tetrahalogenid og elektrondonorforbindelsen er dietylftalat metyl- eller etylpivalat, metyl- eller etylmetakrylat.
6. Anvendelse av katalysator ifølge kravene 1-3, ved polymerisasjon av a-olefiner CH2=CHR, hvor R er en alkyl-gruppe med 1-4 karbonatomer eller en arylgruppe eller blandinger av slike olefiner med etylen.
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NO812677A NO159283C (no) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-08-06 | Polymeriseringskatalysator, og fast katalysatorbestanddelfor anvendelse ved fremstilling av katalysatoren. |
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JPS53108057A (en) | 1978-03-15 | 1978-09-20 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and apparatus for tension control in tandem rolling mill |
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IT1098272B (it) | 1978-08-22 | 1985-09-07 | Montedison Spa | Componenti,di catalizzatori e catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione delle alfa-olefine |
JPS5534238A (en) * | 1978-08-31 | 1980-03-10 | Chisso Corp | Preparation of alpha-olefin polymer |
JPS6011924B2 (ja) * | 1978-09-05 | 1985-03-29 | 旭化成株式会社 | オレフイン重合用触媒 |
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US4331558A (en) | 1978-12-11 | 1982-05-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Polymerization catalyst and process |
AU529558B2 (en) | 1978-12-20 | 1983-06-09 | Consortium Fur Elektrochemische Industrie Gmbh | Agglomereted mixtures of metel oxides |
DE3062482D1 (en) | 1979-01-10 | 1983-05-05 | Ici Plc | Olefine polymerisation catalyst and the production and use thereof |
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PL118176B1 (en) | 1979-02-20 | 1981-09-30 | Zaklady Chem Oswiecim | Process for manufacturing surface-active agent |
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JPS55135105A (en) | 1979-04-10 | 1980-10-21 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization |
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IT1127222B (it) | 1979-11-14 | 1986-05-21 | Montedison Spa | Componenti di catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione di olefine |
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JPS56126029A (en) * | 1980-03-06 | 1981-10-02 | Natl House Ind Co Ltd | Die device for drawing |
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IT1190683B (it) | 1982-02-12 | 1988-02-24 | Montedison Spa | Componenti e catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione di olefine |
JPS59117509A (ja) | 1982-12-24 | 1984-07-06 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | オレフインの重合方法 |
-
1980
- 1980-08-13 IT IT8024141A patent/IT1209255B/it active
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1981
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1987
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1990
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1991
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1994
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1995
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1996
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