TWI392112B - 含發光磷光體之發光二極體（ｌｅｄ）照明配置 - Google Patents

含發光磷光體之發光二極體（ｌｅｄ）照明配置 Download PDF

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TWI392112B
TWI392112B TW096128666A TW96128666A TWI392112B TW I392112 B TWI392112 B TW I392112B TW 096128666 A TW096128666 A TW 096128666A TW 96128666 A TW96128666 A TW 96128666A TW I392112 B TWI392112 B TW I392112B
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phosphor
group
general formula
radiation
optical element
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李依群
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英特曼帝克司公司
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Description

含發光磷光體之發光二極體(LED)照明配置
本發明係關於包含發光二極體(LED)之固態照明應用，該等發光二極體包括一發光磷光體(光致發光材料)以產生一所期望色彩之光，亦即處於一不同於該等LED之波長譜之部分內的光。特定而言(儘管並非唯一)，本發明係關於基於LED之照明配置，其於光譜之可見部分內產生光且特定而言(儘管並非唯一)產生白光。此外，本發明提供一種用於此一種照明配置之光學元件及製造一照明配置與一光學元件之方法。另外，本發明提供一在照明配置中用來塗佈一光學元件或用作光學設計之一部分之磷光體。
在本申請案之上下文中，將光定義為300 nm(紫外)至1000 nm(紅外)波長範圍內之電磁輻射。儘管並非唯一，本發明主要係關於在光譜中380 nm至750 nm之可見部分發射光之照明配置。
白光發光二極體(LED)在業內已為人習知且相對而言係近期之創新。直至已研發出在電磁光譜之藍/紫外區域中發光之LED，研發基於LED之白色光源乃變得實際。眾所周知，產生白光之LED("白光LED")包括一磷光體，其係一光致發光材料且其吸收部分由該LED發射之輻射並重新發射一不同色彩(波長)之輻射。舉例而言，該LED在光譜之可見部分內發射藍色光且該磷光體重新發射黃色光。另一選擇為，該磷光體可發射綠色光與紅色光之一組合、綠色光與黃色光之組合或黃色光與紅色光之組合。由該LED發射而未被該磷光體吸收之可見藍光部分與所發射之黃色光混合以提供肉眼看來為白色之光。一習知黃色磷光體係一以YAG為主之磷光體，其具有一相依於該等磷光體之組成在530 nm至590 nm之波長範圍變化之主發射波長峰值。磷光體之其他實例描述於待審專利申請案第US 2006/0028122號中，其中該等光致發光材料具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2＋ D，其中A係一選自由Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd組成之組群的二價金屬且D係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N組成之組群的摻雜劑。該等磷光體所發射強度高於習知YAG化合物或以矽酸鹽為主之磷光體之光。
預期，由於其通常為數十萬小時之長使用壽命及其高效率，白光LED可能取代白熾光源。高亮度LED業已用於車輛製動燈與指示器以及交通燈及閃光中。
為增加自一LED所發射之光之強度，已習知包括一由塑膠材料或玻璃製成之透鏡來會聚該光發射並藉此增加強度。參照圖1，顯示一高亮度白光LED 2。LED 2包含一安裝於一塑膠或金屬反射杯6中之LED晶片4，且然後該LED晶片囊封於一囊封材料中，通常係環氧樹脂8。該囊封材料包括用於提供色彩轉換之磷光體材料。通常將杯6之內表面鍍銀以向安裝於囊封環氧樹脂8之表面上的透鏡10反射雜散光。
本發明之發明者已瞭解，此一配置具有限定性且本發明致力於至少部分地減輕該等限定性。舉例而言，對於具有一大於1W之高強度輸入之高強度LED而言，與該磷光體緊密結合之LED之輸出處的高溫可引發一相依於溫度之光特性，且於某些情形中可出現磷光體材料之熱降解。此外，在將磷光體分佈於環氧樹脂內之情形下由於穿過不同路徑長度之光將遭遇不同數量之磷光體並被其吸收，將難於保持藉由此類LED所發射光之色彩均勻性。另外，由於囊封及隨後透鏡之放置，該等LED之製造係費時。
根據本發明之第一態樣提供一種照明配置，其包含：一輻射源，其經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射；一磷光體，其經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射之至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射；及一光學元件，其經至少該第一波長範圍之輻射穿過，該照明配置之特徵在於，將該磷光體提供於該光學元件之一表面上。本發明提供減少製作步驟及(因而)成本之優點，且亦提供一更均勻之輸出光色彩。
有利地，將該磷光體以一大致均勻厚度層之形式提供至該光學元件之該表面。此一配置確保所發射光之一更均勻色彩。
該光學元件可具有諸多形式且通常地包含一用於會聚該輻射之透鏡以增加所發射光之強度。另一選擇係，該光學元件可用於引導該輻射，因而用作一波導或用作一供該輻射穿過之窗口。可將該磷光體提供於該光學元件之內表面或外表面上，且此將確定該第二波長範圍之輻射是否亦穿過該光學元件。舉例而言，在一實施方案中，該光學元件具有一大致平面之表面且將該磷光體提供於該大致平面之表面上。將該磷光體應用於該平面表面之一優點係更易於產生一均勻厚度層。另一選擇係，該光學元件可具有一凸面或凹面表面且將該磷光體提供於該凸面與或凹面表面上。
在一實施方案中，該光學元件具有一大致半球形表面且將該磷光體提供於該半球形表面上。較佳地，該光學元件包含一大致半球形外殼且將該磷光體提供於該內半球形表面上。另一選擇係，可將該磷光體提供至該外半球形表面之至少一部分上。在另一替代實施例中，該光學元件包含一大致球形之外殼且將該磷光體提供於該內或外球形表面之至少一部分上。此一形式發現用作一取代白熾光源之光源之特定應用。在再一實施例中，該光學元件包含一中空圓柱體且將該磷光體提供於該內表面或外表面之至少一部分上。
有利地，該光學元件係由一塑膠材料(例如一聚碳酸脂與矽氧)或一玻璃(例如一以二氧化矽為主之玻璃)製成。該光學元件包含一對該第一波長範圍之輻射至少大致透明之材料，且當將該磷光體提供至該元件之一內表面時，該材料進一步對於該第二波長範圍之輻射大致透明。
在一較佳實施方案中，該磷光體包含一粉末，將該粉末併入一環氧樹脂、一矽氧材料或一聚合物材料中以形成一混合物，且然後將該磷光體混合物應用於該光學元件以於該光學元件表面上形成一磷光體層。為改良自該照明配置所發射光之均勻度，有利地將該磷光體混合物進一步併入一光擴散材料，例如氧化鈦、二氧化矽、氧化鋁等。此一光擴散材料具有一盡可能低的光吸收度。
較有利地，該磷光體包含一當藉由300 nm至550 nm波長範圍內之輻射照射時發射冷光的磷光體。有利地，該磷光體之一實例包含一以YAG為主之磷光體，該磷光體包含一具有一通式(YA)3 (AlB)5 (OC)12 ：Ce3＋ 之光致發光材料，其中A係一選自包含Gd、Tb、La、Sm之組群之三價金屬或諸如Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之二價金屬離子，B包含Si、B、P及Ga且C係一選自包含F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N之組群的摻雜劑。在另一實施方案中，該磷光體包含一具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2＋ D之光致發光材料，其中A係一選自含有Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之組群的二價金屬且D係一選自包含F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N之組群的摻雜劑。
在再一實施例中，一以矽酸鹽為主之橙紅色磷光體具有一通式(SrM1)3 Si(OD)5 ：Eu，其中M1選自含有Ba、Ca、Mg、Zn之組群且其中D選自包含F、Cl、S及N之組群。有利地，將該種磷光體用於發射自綠光至黃光波長範圍(580 nm至630 nm)內之光。
另一選擇係，該磷光體包含一以氮化矽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)Si5 N8 其中M1選自包含Sr、Ca、Mg及Zn之組群。
在另一實施例中，該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)S，其中M1選自包含Ca、Ba及Mg之組群。
在再一實施例中，該磷光體可包含一以硫酸鹽為主之綠色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)(GaM2)2 S4 ：Eu，其中M1選自包含Ca、Ba及Mg之組群且M2選自包含Al及In之組群。較佳地，該輻射源包含一發光二極體，有利地，一基於氮化鎵之LED。
本發明發現用於白色光源之特定應用且該輻射源可用於發射具有一300 nm至500 nm波長範圍之輻射。較佳地，該磷光體組合物經組態以發射具有一自450 nm至700 nm波長範圍之輻射。
根據本發明之第二態樣，提供一種用於一類照明配置之光學元件，該照明配置包含：一輻射源，其經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射；一磷光體，其經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射的至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射；及該光學元件，其經組態以使至少該第一波長範圍之輻射穿過該光學元件，且其特徵在於將該磷光體提供於該光學元件之一表面上。
該種光學元件提供減少製作步驟及(因而)成本之優點並發射一更均勻色彩之光。此外，該種光學元件可用於在一LED配置中提供直接色彩轉換。
有利地，為確保由該光學元件發射之光之色彩均勻度，將該磷光體以一大致均勻厚度層之形式提供於該光學元件之該表面上。
較佳地，為便於製作，該光學元件具有一大致平坦之表面且將該磷光體提供於該大致平坦之表面上。另一選擇係，該光學元件具有一凸形或凹形表面並藉由例如涉及噴塗或印刷之塗佈方法將該磷光體提供至該等凸形或凹形表面上。
在一實施方案中，該光學元件具有一大致半球形表面且將該磷光體提供於該半球形表面上。該光學元件可包含一大致半球形外殼且將該磷光體提供於該內半球形表面上。此一配置提供該磷光體之環境保護。另一選擇係，將該磷光體提供於該外半球形表面上。在另一實施例中，該光學元件包含一大致球形之外殼且將該磷光體提供於該等內或外球形表面之至少一部分上。在另一實施方案中，該光學元件包含一中空圓柱體且該磷光體提供於該內或外表面之至少一部分上。
較佳地，該磷光體包含一粉末，該粉末係併入一環氧樹脂、一矽氧材料或一聚合物材料中以形成一混合物且將該磷光體混合物應用於該光學元件而於該光學元件表面上形成一磷光體層。有利地，為確保一均勻光強度輸出，該磷光體混合物進一步包含一光擴散材料。
較佳地，該光學元件係由一塑料材料或一玻璃製作而成。
較有利地，該磷光體包含一具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2＋ D之光致發光材料，其中A係一選自包含Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之組群之二價金屬且D係一選自包含F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N之組群的摻雜劑。
根據本發明之第三態樣提供一種製作一照明配置之方法，該方法包含：提供一經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射之輻射源及供該輻射穿過之光學元件；及於該光學元件之一表面上提供一經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射之至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射之磷光體。
有利地，該方法進一步包含將該磷光體以一大致均勻厚度層形式提供於該光學元件之表面上。
該光學元件可具有一大致平坦表面、凸形或凹形表面且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該等大致平坦表面、凸形或凹形表面上。
在一實施方案中，該光學元件具有一大致半球形表面且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該半球形表面上。較佳地，該光學元件包含一大致半球形外殼且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該內或外半球形表面上。另一選擇係，該光學元件可包含一大致球形外殼且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該內或外球形表面之至少一部分上。在另一替代配置中，該光學元件包含一中空圓柱體且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該內或外表面之至少一部分上。
較佳地，該光學元件係由一塑料材料或玻璃製作而成。
根據本發明之另一態樣，提供一種製作一用於一類照明配置之光學元件的方法，該照明配置包含：一輻射源，其經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射；一磷光體，其經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射之至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射；及該光學元件，其經組態以使至少該第一波長範圍輻射穿過該光學元件，且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該光學元件之一表面上。
較有利地，為確保均勻之色彩轉換，該方法包含將該磷光體以一大致均勻厚度層之形式提供。
較佳地，當該光學元件具有一大致平坦表面時，該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該大致平坦表面上。
另一選擇係，當該光學元件具有一凸形或凹形表面時，該方法可包含將該磷光體提供於該等凸形或凹形表面上。
在另一替代配置中，該光學元件具有一大致半球形表面且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該半球形表面上。當該光學元件包含一大致半球形外殼時，該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該內或外半球形表面上。此外，該光學元件包含一大致球形外殼且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該內或外球形表面之至少一部分上。另一選擇係，該光學元件可包含一中空圓柱體且該方法包含將該磷光體提供於該內或外表面之至少一部分上。
在一較佳方法中，該磷光體包含一粉末且該方法包含將該磷光體併入一環氧樹脂或矽氧材料或聚合物材料中以形成一混合物，且然後將該磷光體混合物應用於該光學元件以於該光學元件表面上形成一磷光體層。可藉由向該光學元件表面上噴塗、塗佈或其它習知沈積技術來應用該混合物。有利地，當欲將該磷光體應用於一平面表面時，繼而旋轉或膠帶澆注該光學元件以將該混合物均勻地分佈於該表面，藉此來確保磷光體形成一均勻厚度。
較有利地，該方法進一步包含將一光擴散材料(例如，氧化鈦、二氧化矽、氧化鋁)併入該磷光體混合物中。另一選擇係，將該光擴散材料提供為一單獨層。
有利地，該磷光體包含一具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2＋ D之光致發光材料，其中A係一選自包含Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之組群之二價金屬且D係一選自包含F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N之組群之摻雜劑。
該方法進一步包含用一塑料材料或玻璃製作該光學元件。
為便於製作，且根據本發明之一特別佳方法，於該平坦表面上沈積複數個呈一陣列形式之光學元件(該光學元件陣列具有一公共平面)及該磷光體。有利地，將該磷光體以一大致均勻厚度層形式提供於該光學元件陣列之該平坦表面上。
根據本發明之另一態樣，提供一種用於塗佈一LED之一光學元件之磷光體材料，該磷光體材料包含一併入一環氧樹脂、一矽氧材料或一聚合物材料中之磷光體粉末。有利地，該磷光體材料進一步併入一光擴散材料。
根據本發明之再一態樣，提供一種用於一種照明配置之光學元件，該照明配置包含：一輻射源，其經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射；一磷光體，其經組態以吸收至少部分該第一波長範圍之輻射並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射；及該光學元件，其經組態以使至少該第一波長範圍之輻射穿過該光學元件，且其特徵在於將該磷光體併入該光學元件中。
為更佳地理解本發明，現將僅以實例方式參照附圖闡述本發明之實施例。
參照圖2，其顯示一根據本發明之LED照明配置20。LED照明配置20用於產生一選定色彩之光(例如白光)。該照明配置包含一LED晶片22，較佳地，一可用於產生具有(較佳地)一300 nm至500 nm範圍內之波長之光、輻射的氮化鎵晶片。LED晶片22安裝於一不銹鋼殼體或反射杯24中，該反射杯具有沈積於其內表面上之金屬銀以向該照明配置之輸出反射光。提供一凸透鏡26以會聚自該配置輸出之光。在所闡釋之實例中，透鏡26之形狀大致係半球形。透鏡26可由一塑料材料(例如聚碳酸酯)或玻璃(例如以二氧化矽為主之玻璃)或任何對於LED晶片22所產生之各波長之光大致透明的材料製成。
在圖2中之實施例中，透鏡26具有平坦的、大致扁平的表面28，在將該透鏡安裝至殼體22之前向該表面上提供磷光體層30。較佳地，如同待審專利申請案第US 2006/0028122號中所揭示，磷光體30包含一具有通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2＋ D之光致發光材料，其中A係一選自包含Sr(鍶)、Ca(鈣)、Ba(鋇)、Mg(鎂)、Zn(鋅)及Cd(鎘)之組群之二價金屬，且D係一選自包含F(氟)、Cl(氯)、Br(溴)、I(碘)、P(磷)、S(硫)及N(氮)之組群之摻雜劑，且其內容以引用方式併入本文中。呈一粉末形式之該磷光體與一黏合材料(例如環氧樹脂或矽氧樹脂)或一透明聚合物材料混合，然後將該混合物應用於該透鏡之表面以提供磷光體層30。可藉由噴塗、滴加或塗佈或熟習此項技術者將易於明瞭的其它沈積技術來應用該混合物。此外，較佳地，該磷光體混合物可進一步包括一諸如氧化鈦、二氧化矽或氧化鋁之光擴散材料以確保一更均勻之光輸出。
可藉由適當選擇該磷光體組合物以及該磷光體層之厚度來控制該照明配置所發射光之色彩，該磷光體層之厚度將確定源自該磷光體之輸出光之比例。較佳地，為確保一均勻輸出色彩，該磷光體層具有均勻厚度且具有一通常在20 μm至500 μm範圍內之厚度。
本發明之照明配置之一優點係，無需將磷光體併入該LED封裝之囊封材料中。此外，可藉由提供一具有一適當磷光體層之不同透鏡而容易地改變該配置輸出光之色彩。此賦能大規模生產一普通雷射封裝。此外，此一透鏡在一LED照明配置中提供直接色彩轉換。
參照圖3，其顯示一根據另一實施例之LED照明配置，其中將磷光體30提供為透鏡26之凸面外表面32上之一層。在該實施例中，透鏡26呈穹頂形形狀。
圖4顯示一根據另一實施例之LED照明配置，在該實施例中，透鏡26包含一大致半球形之外殼且將磷光體30提供於透鏡26之內表面34上。將磷光體提供於該內表面上之一優點係，透鏡26繼而為該LED及磷光體提供環境保護。另一選擇係，該磷光體可用作透鏡26之外表面(未圖示)之一層。
圖5圖解說明一LED配置，其中光學元件透鏡26包含一大致球形之外殼且磷光體30作為一層沈積於內球形表面36或外球形表面38之至少一部分上，且LED晶片22安裝於該球體外殼內部。有利地，為確保均勻發射輻射，併入複數個LED晶片，其中該等晶片經定位使其各自向不同方向發射光。作為一用於取代現有白熾光源(燈泡)之光源，此一形式係較佳。
參照圖6，其顯示另一配置，其中光學元件26包含一中空圓柱體形狀且將該磷光體應用於內曲面40或外曲面42。較佳地，在此一配置中，該雷射晶片包含一沿該圓柱之軸配置之線性雷射晶片陣列。另一選擇係，透鏡26可包含一實心圓柱(未圖示)。
圖7顯示一LED配置，其中該光學元件包含大致球形之實心透鏡26且將該磷光體提供於球形表面44之至少一部分上。在一較佳配置中，如圖所示，僅將該磷光體應用於該表面之一部分，然後將該表面安裝於藉由該殼體所界定之體積內。藉由以此方式安裝透鏡26，此可提供磷光體30之環境保護。
參照圖8，其顯示一製作根據本發明之透鏡之較佳方法。提供一透鏡陣列46，其中該等透鏡具有一公共平面48且於該表面上提供磷光體30。在所闡釋之實例中，透鏡36大致呈半球形。在沈積該磷光體之後，可分離該等透鏡並將其安裝至該等LED組件。現發現此一方法尤其有利於大量生產該等光學元件。
應瞭解，本發明不限於所述之具體實施例且可於本發明之範疇內作出修改。舉例而言，雖然在上述說明中已提及一透鏡，但該磷光體亦可沈積於其它光學元件上，諸如(例如)一窗口(光穿過該窗口時未必皆被會聚或引導)或一指導、引導光之波導。此外，該光學元件可具有諸多熟習此項技術者將易於明瞭之形式。
應瞭解，可相依於所預期之應用選擇該磷光體及該LED晶片以提供具有一合意色彩之光。亦可設想提供兩種或更多種磷光體材料以達成所發射光之合意色彩、光譜含量。可藉由混合該粉末狀材料並將其併入一單個層中，或另一選擇係，藉由提供複數個不同磷光體層來提供該等不同磷光體。
較佳磷光體之實例係：．YAG為主之磷光體，其包含一具有一通式(YA)3 (AlB)5 (OC)12 ：Ce3＋ 之光致發光材料，其中A係一選自包含Gd(釓)、Tb(鋱)、La(鑭)、Sm(釤)之組群之三價金屬或諸如Sr(鍶)、Ca(鈣)、Ba(鋇)、Mg(鎂)、Zn(鋅)及Cd(鎘)之二價金屬離子，B包含Si(矽)、B(硼)、P(磷)及Ga(鈣)且C係一選自包含F(氟)、Cl(氯)、Br(溴)、I(碘)、P(磷)、S(硫)及N(氮)之組群之摻雜劑；．具有通式(SrM1)3 Si(OD)5 ：Eu之以矽酸鹽為主之橙紅色磷光體，其中M1係選自包含Ba、Ca、Mg、Zn之組群且D係選自包含F、Cl、S及N之組群(此一磷光體可用於發射自綠光至黃光(580 nm至630 nm)波長範圍內之光)；．以氮化矽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有通式(SrM1)Si5 N8 ，其中M1係選自包含Sr、Ca、Mg及Zn之組群；．以硫酸鹽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)S，其中M1係選自包含Ca、Ba及Mg之組群；及．以硫酸鹽為主之綠色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)(GaM2)2 S4 ：Eu，其中M1係選自包含Ca、Ba及Mg之組群，且其中M2係選自包含Al及In之組群。
除提供一LED照明裝置外，本發明進一步提供一新穎之光學元件及其製作方法。
在另一實施例中，亦設想將該磷光體併入包含該光學元件之材料中。此外，可將該磷光體提供為該囊封材料上之一層。
2．．．LED
4．．．LED晶片
6．．．金屬反射杯
8．．．環氧樹脂
10．．．透鏡
22．．．LED晶片
24．．．反射杯
26．．．透鏡
28．．．表面
30．．．磷光體
32．．．凸形外表面
34．．．內表面
36．．．內球形表面
38．．．外球形表面
40．．．內曲面
42．．．外曲面
44．．．球形表面
46．．．透鏡陣列
48．．．公共平面
圖1係一如已闡述之習知白光LED之一示意圖；圖2至圖7係根據本發明之LED照明配置之示意圖；且圖8係一製作一用於根據本發明之一LED照明配置之光學元件之方法的一示意圖。
22．．．LED晶片
24．．．反射杯
26．．．透鏡
28．．．表面
30．．．磷光體

Claims (35)

  1. 一種照明配置，其包含：一陣列的輻射源，其經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射；至少一種磷光體材料，其經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射之至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射；及一光學元件，自該照明配置發射之光經過該光學元件，其中由該照明配置所發射之光包含該第一及第二波長範圍之組合光，其中該光學元件包含具有實質上平坦之端表面及弧形之端表面的半圓柱形透鏡，其中該至少一種磷光體材料以一實質上均勻厚度層之形式提供於至少一部分該平坦端表面上。
  2. 如請求項1之照明配置，其中該光學元件係由一塑料材料、玻璃中之一者製成。
  3. 如請求項1之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一粉末，將該粉末併入一環氧樹脂、一矽氧材料及一聚合物材料中之一者內以形成一混合物，且其中將該磷光體混合物應用於該光學元件以於該光學元件表面上形成一磷光體層。
  4. 如請求項3之照明配置，其進一步包含將一光擴散材料併入該磷光體粉末中。
  5. 3或4中任一者之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一光致發光材料，其具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2+ D，其中A係一選自由Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd組成之組群之二 價金屬且D係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N之組群之摻雜劑。
  6. 3或4中任一者之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一光致發光材料，其具有一通式(YA)3 (AlB)5 (OC)12 ：Ce3+ ，其中A係一選自由Gd、Tb、La、Sm組成之組群之三價金屬或諸如Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之二價金屬離子；B選自由Si、B、P及Ga組成之組群；且C係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N組成之組群之摻雜劑。
  7. 3或4中任一者之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一以矽酸鹽為主之橙紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)3 Si(OD)5 ：Eu，其中M1選自由Ba、Ca、Mg、Zn組成之組群；且D選自由F、Cl、S及N組成之組群。
  8. 3或4中任一者之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一以氮化矽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)Si5 N8 ，其中M1選自由Sr、Ca、Mg及Zn組成之組群。
  9. 3或4中任一者之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)S，其中M1選自由Ca、Ba及Mg組成之組群。
  10. 3或4中任一者之照明配置，其中該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之綠色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)(GaM2)2 S4 ：Eu，其中M1選自由Ca、Ba及Mg組成之組群，且M2選自由Al及In組成之組群。
  11. 如請求項1之照明配置，其中該輻射源包含一發光二極體。
  12. 如請求項1之照明配置，其中該LED晶片包含一氮化鎵LED。
  13. 如請求項1之照明配置，其中該輻射源可操作以發射具有一300 nm至500 nm波長範圍之輻射。
  14. 如請求項1之照明配置，其中該磷光體係經組態以發射具有一自450 nm至700 nm波長範圍之輻射。
  15. 一種用於一類照明配置之光學元件，其包含：一陣列的輻射源，其經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射；至少一種磷光體材料，其經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射之至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射；及該光學元件，其經組態以使至少該第一波長範圍之輻射穿過該光學元件，其中該光學元件包含具有實質上平坦之端表面及弧形之端表面的半圓柱形透鏡，其中該至少一種磷光體材料以一實質上均勻厚度層之形式提供於至少一部分該平坦端表面上。
  16. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該光學元件包含一粉末，將該粉末併入一環氧樹脂、一矽氧材料及一聚合物材料中之一者內以形成一混合物且其中將該磷光體混合物應用於該光學元件以於該光學元件表面上形成一磷光體層。
  17. 如請求項16之光學元件，其進一步包含一具有該磷光體粉末之光擴散材料。
  18. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該光學元件係由一塑料材料、一玻璃中之一者製成。
  19. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該磷光體包含一光致發光材料，其具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2+ D，其中A係一選自由Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd組成之組群之二價金屬且D係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N組成之組群之摻雜劑。
  20. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該磷光體包含一光致發光材料，其具有一通式(YA)3 (AlB)5 (OC)12 ：Ce3+ ，其中A係一選自由Gd、Tb、La、Sm組成之組群之三價金屬或諸如Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之二價金屬離子；B選自Si、B、P及Ga之組群；且C係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N組成之組群之摻雜劑。
  21. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該磷光體包含一以矽酸鹽為主之橙紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)3 Si(OD)5 ：Eu，其中M1選自由Ba、Ca、Mg及Zn組成之組群，且D選自由F、Cl、S及N組成之組群。
  22. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該磷光體包含一以氮化矽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)Si5 N8 ，其中M1選自由Sr、Ca、Mg及Zn組成之組群。
  23. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)S，其中M1選 自由Ca、Ba及Mg組成之組群。
  24. 如請求項15之光學元件，其中該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之綠色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)(GaM2)2 S4 ：Eu，其中M1選自由Ca、Ba及Mg組成之組群，且M2選自由Al及In組成之組群。
  25. 一種製造一照明配置之方法，其包含：提供經組態以發射具有第一波長範圍之輻射之一陣列的輻射源及一供該輻射穿過之光學元件，其中該光學元件包含具有實質上平坦之端表面及弧形之端表面的半圓柱形透鏡；及在該光學元件之實質上平坦之端表面上提供作為實質上均勻厚度層的至少一種磷光體材料，其係經組態以吸收該第一波長範圍輻射之至少一部分並發射具有第二波長範圍之輻射。
  26. 如請求項25之方法，其中該光學組件係由一塑料材料、一玻璃中之一者製成。
  27. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一粉末，且包含將該磷光體併入一環氧樹脂、矽氧材料、聚合物材料中之一者內以形成一混合物並將該磷光體混合物應用於該光學元件以在該光學元件表面上形成一磷光體層。
  28. 如請求項25之方法，且其進一步包含將一光擴散材料併入該磷光體粉末中。
  29. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一光致發光材料，其具有一通式A2 SiO4 ：Eu2+ D，其中A係一選自由Sr、 Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd組成之組群之二價金屬且D係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N組成之組群之摻雜劑。
  30. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一光致發光材料，其具有一通式(YA)3 (AlB)5 (OC)12 ：Ce3+ ，其中A係一選自由Gd、Tb、La、Sm組成之組群之三價金屬或諸如Sr、Ca、Ba、Mg、Zn及Cd之二價金屬離子；B選自由Si、B、P及Ga組成之組群；且C係一選自由F、Cl、Br、I、P、S及N組成之組群之摻雜劑。
  31. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一以矽酸鹽為主之橙紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)3 Si(OD)5 ：Eu，其中M1選自由Ba、Ca、Mg及Zn組成之組群，且D選自由F、Cl、S及N組成之組群。
  32. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一以氮化矽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)Si5 N8 ，其中M1選自由Sr、Ca、Mg及Zn組成之組群。
  33. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之紅色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)S，其中M1選自由Ca、Ba及Mg組成之組群。
  34. 如請求項25之方法，其中該磷光體包含一以硫酸鹽為主之綠色磷光體，其具有一通式(SrM1)(GaM2)2 S4 ：Eu，其中M1選自由Ca、Ba及Mg組成之組群，且M2選自由Al及In組成之組群。
  35. 如請求項25之方法，且該方法包含用一塑料材料、玻璃中之一者製造該光學元件。
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US8067884B2 (en) 2011-11-29
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US9045688B2 (en) 2015-06-02
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US20120182715A1 (en) 2012-07-19
US20110187262A1 (en) 2011-08-04
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