JP2007032900A - Cracking preventive operation method for circulating grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cracking preventive operation method for a circulating grain dryer for enhancing a cracking preventive effect during drying of grains and performing more efficient drying operation. <P>SOLUTION: The moisture value of cracked grains in a grain sample is measured to make comparison between the measured moisture value and general knowledge that cracking during drying occurs when grain moisture is in a low moisture region. Based on the compared result, whether a harvest field or a drying condition (during drying) is the cause of cracking of cracked grains in the grain sample is thereby presumed. When the drying condition is the cause of cracking, cracking preventive operation is made further safer operation than the case of the harvest field being the cause of cracking, to improve the cracking preventive effect. When the harvest field is the cause of cracking, safe drying operation more than necessary is not performed. Drying does not take time more than necessary, and efficient drying operation is performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は，循環式の穀物乾燥機に関し，特に，乾燥中に生じる穀物の胴割れを低減させる乾燥運転方法（以下「胴割防止運転方法」という）に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a circulation type grain dryer, and more particularly, to a drying operation method (hereinafter referred to as “body cutting prevention operation method”) that reduces the cracking of grain caused during drying.

従来，循環式穀物乾燥機における胴割防止運転方法としては，例えば特許文献１に開示されたものがある。特許文献１に開示された胴割防止運転方法は，循環式穀物乾燥機に胴割検出器を備え，乾燥中の穀物サンプルの胴割検査とその胴割率の算出を行い，算出した胴割率が一定以上になったときには乾燥速度を下げて胴割粒の発生を防止するものである。   Conventionally, as a method for preventing body splitting in a circulation type grain dryer, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. The method for preventing body split disclosed in Patent Document 1 is provided with a body split detector in a circulating grain dryer, performing a body split inspection of a grain sample being dried and calculating its body split ratio. When the rate exceeds a certain level, the drying rate is lowered to prevent the generation of cracked grains.

一方，特許文献２に開示された胴割防止運転方法は，特許文献１のものと同じく，乾燥中の穀物サンプルの胴割検査とその胴割率の算出を行い，算出した胴割率が一定以上になったときには，胴割率の増加が一番激しいとされる穀物水分値１８％付近を通過するまでは乾燥速度（熱風温度）を低下させ，前記１８％を通過した後はそれまでの乾燥速度を維持することにより，乾燥所要時間を必要以上に長くしない効率的な乾燥を行うものである。   On the other hand, in the same way as in Patent Document 1, the operation method for preventing the splitting of the body disclosed in Patent Document 2 is to inspect the cracking of the grain sample being dried and calculate the torso ratio, and the calculated torso ratio is constant. When this is the case, the drying rate (hot air temperature) is reduced until it passes the grain moisture value of around 18%, which is said to have the highest increase in the crack ratio, and after passing 18%, By maintaining the drying speed, efficient drying without excessively long drying time is performed.

特公昭６２−６０６３１号公報Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-60631 特許第２８１４５７０号公報Japanese Patent No. 2814570

ところで，穀物に胴割が生じる原因には大きく分け次の二つのケースがある。一つ目のケースは，穀物乾燥機で乾燥が行われているときに熱風温度等の乾燥条件が不適切であるケース，二つ目は，収穫適期を過ぎて収穫した等のため，圃場において胴割れが生じたケースである。これに対し，特許文献１及び特許文献２の胴割防止運転方法は，いずれも，胴割率の増加が一定以上であるか否かに着目し，胴割率が一定以上であれば乾燥速度（熱風温度）を低下し，胴割れの発生防止やより効率的な乾燥を行うものではあるが，前述の胴割の発生原因を考慮した運転方法ではなかった。そこで，本願発明者らは，同じ胴割率であってもその胴割粒の胴割の発生原因（乾燥中による胴割れか又は圃場胴割れか）を推測して乾燥運転に反映することができれば，乾燥中に生じる穀物の胴割れをより一層防止でき，乾燥効率も向上させることができるのではないかと考え，研究を重ねた。
そこで，本発明は，上記問題点にかんがみ，循環式穀物乾燥機において，乾燥中における胴割防止効果を高め，かつ，より効率的な乾燥運転が行える胴割防止運転方法を提供することを技術的課題とするものである。 By the way, there are the following two cases that cause the torso of grain. The first case is when drying conditions such as hot air temperature are inappropriate when drying with a grain dryer. This is a case where a torso crack occurred. On the other hand, in both of the patent document 1 and patent document 2, the cylinder split prevention operation methods pay attention to whether or not the increase in the cylinder split rate is more than a certain value. (Hot air temperature) was lowered to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the body and more efficient drying, but this was not an operation method that considered the cause of the above-mentioned body splits. Therefore, the inventors of the present application can estimate the cause of the splitting of the torn grains (whether it is cracked during drying or cracked in the field) and reflect it in the drying operation even if the cracking ratio is the same. If possible, we thought that it would be possible to further prevent grain cracking during drying and improve drying efficiency.
Accordingly, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a technique for preventing a split in a circulation type grain dryer, which improves the effect of preventing the split during drying and enables more efficient drying operation. It is a subject.

上記課題を解決するため、請求項１により、
穀物貯留部から流下する穀物に通風するとともに穀物サンプルの測定水分値が所定水分値になるまで機内循環しながら乾燥を行い，前記穀物サンプルを胴割れ検査してその胴割率を求め，該胴割率に基づいて穀物の胴割れ発生を防止する循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法において，
前記穀物サンプルにおける胴割粒の水分値を測定し，該胴割粒水分値が高水分値であるか低水分値であるか否かによって乾燥運転の内容を変更するという技術的手段を講じる。 In order to solve the above problem, according to claim 1,
Ventilate the grain flowing down from the grain reservoir and dry it while circulating in the machine until the measured moisture value of the grain sample reaches the specified moisture value. In the method for preventing the splitting of a circulation type grain dryer to prevent the occurrence of cracking of the grain based on the split rate,
The technical value of measuring the moisture value of the torn grain in the grain sample and changing the content of the drying operation depending on whether the torn grain moisture value is a high moisture value or a low moisture value is taken.

これによると，穀物サンプルにおける胴割粒の水分値を測定することにより，該測定水分値と，乾燥中における胴割れは穀物水分が低水分域のときに生じるという一般的な知見との対比を行うことができるので，この対比結果に基づき，穀物サンプル中の胴割粒の胴割れ原因が収穫圃場にあるか，又は乾燥条件（乾燥中）にあるかの推測が行える。   According to this, by measuring the water content of the split grain in the grain sample, the measured water value is compared with the general knowledge that shell cracks during drying occur when the grain moisture is in the low moisture range. Therefore, based on this comparison result, it can be inferred whether the cause of the cracking of the split grain in the grain sample is in the harvesting field or in the drying condition (drying).

また，請求項２により，前記胴割粒水分値が低水分値である場合には，前記乾燥運転の内容をより胴割れが発生しない安全な乾燥運転内容にするという技術的手段を講じる。これによれば，前記胴割粒水分値が低水分値である場合には，乾燥条件が胴割れ原因であると推測することができ，この推測結果により，より安全な胴割防止の乾燥運転を選択し実行することができる。また，逆に，前記胴割粒水分値が高水分値である場合には，胴割粒は収穫圃場と推測することができ，この場合には，前記乾燥運転内容をより安全な胴割防止運転にするのではなく，簡易的な胴割防止運転を選択し実行すればよい。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the body split grain moisture value is a low moisture value, technical means is taken to make the content of the drying operation a safe drying operation content that does not cause shell cracking. According to this, when the body split grain moisture value is a low moisture value, it can be inferred that the drying condition is the cause of shell cracking. Can be selected and executed. On the contrary, if the moisture content of the torn split grain is high, it can be assumed that the torn split grain is a harvesting field. In this case, the content of the drying operation is more safely prevented. Instead of driving, it is only necessary to select and execute a simple split prevention operation.

さらに，請求項３より，20％以下を前記低水分値とするという技術的手段講じる。これにより，胴割粒の胴割れ原因が収穫圃場にあるか，又は乾燥条件にあるかの判断基準が明確になる。   Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, technical means is taken that the low moisture value is 20% or less. As a result, the criteria for determining whether the cause of the cracking of the torn split grains is in the harvesting field or in the drying conditions are clarified.

また，請求項４により，前記乾燥運転の内容は，乾燥初期送風運転，低乾燥速度運転，乾燥途中休止運転及び乾燥仕上げ水分値よりも高めで乾燥終了させる高水分側自動停止運転からなる乾燥運転項目のうち一つ又は複数の運転項目を組み合わせたものという技術的手段を講じる。これにより，前記乾燥運転の内容は，前記各乾燥運転項目の選択及びその運転内容における詳細な設定により，胴割れ防止効果に差を付けることができる。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the content of the drying operation includes a drying initial air blowing operation, a low drying speed operation, a pause operation during drying, and a high moisture side automatic stop operation that finishes drying at a higher temperature than the drying finish moisture value. Take technical measures that combine one or more of the items. As a result, the content of the drying operation can make a difference in the effect of preventing shell cracking by selecting each of the drying operation items and setting the details of the operation.

さらに，請求項５により，前記乾燥運転項目の選択は，穀物サンプルの水分分布におけるバラツキ，ピークの数，又は胴割粒の水分分布のピークの数を考慮して行うという技術的手段を講じる。これにより，前記乾燥運転の内容をより安全な乾燥運転内容にするか否かの判断基準が明確になる。   Further, according to claim 5, technical means is adopted in which the selection of the drying operation item is performed in consideration of variation in the moisture distribution of the grain sample, the number of peaks, or the number of peaks of the moisture distribution of the torn grain. As a result, the criteria for determining whether or not the content of the drying operation is to be safer is determined.

本発明は，穀物サンプルにおける胴割粒の水分値を測定し，該測定水分値が，低水分域であるか否かに基づいて前記胴割粒の胴割れの発生原因が，収穫圃場にあるか，又は乾燥条件にあるかの推測判断を行うことができ，胴割れの発生原因が乾燥条件にあると判断された場合には，胴割れの発生原因が収穫圃場と推測された場合に行う乾燥運転の内容よりも更に胴割を防止する安全な乾燥運転に切換えて乾燥を行うので，胴割れ防止効果が向上する。また，胴割れの発生原因が収穫圃場と推測された場合には，前述の更に安全な乾燥運転よりも簡易的な胴割防止運転を選択し実行されるので，必要以上に乾燥時間が掛からず，よって，乾燥運転が的確なものとなる。   The present invention measures the moisture value of the split grain in a grain sample, and the cause of the cracking of the split grain based on whether the measured moisture value is in a low moisture range is in the harvesting field. Or if the cause of shell cracking is determined to be dry, if it is determined that the cause of shell cracking is in the dry field Since the drying is carried out by switching to a safe drying operation that prevents the body splitting more than the content of the drying operation, the effect of preventing the body cracking is improved. In addition, when it is assumed that the cause of torso cracking is the harvesting field, a simpler split prevention operation is selected and executed rather than the above-mentioned safer drying operation, so that it takes less drying time than necessary. Therefore, the drying operation is accurate.

図1は本発明における循環式穀物乾燥機1の前方上方から見た斜視図，図2は同後方上方から見た斜視図，図3は同正面から見た縦断面図である。循環式穀物乾燥機1は，穀物を貯留する貯留部2，乾燥風を通風して穀物の乾燥を行う乾燥部3及び前記通風を受けた穀物を機外に取出す取出部4を重設して構成し，さらに，前記取出部4には，取出された穀物を前記貯留部2に還流する穀物還流手段5を接続する。該穀物還流手段5とは昇降機5a及び上部搬送部5bのことを指す。前記上部搬送部5bの搬送終端部には，貯留部2内に臨ませた穀物分散装置5cを配設する。前記貯留部2は天井壁や側壁によって囲んで形成する。前記乾燥部3は中央に横設した熱風胴6と，該熱風胴6の両側に横設した穀物流下通路（乾燥室）7と，更に該乾燥室7の各側方に横設した排風胴8とを有する。そして更に，熱風胴6の一端開口部には熱風を供給するように熱風発生手段（バーナー）9を接続する。該熱風発生手段9から熱風胴6に供給された熱風は，熱風胴6，乾燥室7及び排風胴8のそれぞれに形成した有孔板を通風し，排風胴8の排風口に接続して設けた排風機10の吸引作用によって機外に排風されるように構成する。なお，乾燥部３における側板には張込用の開閉蓋3aが備えてある。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view seen from the front upper side of the circulation type grain dryer 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view seen from the rear upper side, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view seen from the front side. The circulation type grain dryer 1 has a storage part 2 for storing grains, a drying part 3 for drying grains by passing dry air, and a take-out part 4 for taking out the grain subjected to the ventilation outside the machine. Further, the take-out unit 4 is connected with a grain recirculation means 5 that recirculates the taken-out grains to the storage unit 2. The grain recirculation means 5 refers to the elevator 5a and the upper transport unit 5b. A grain disperser 5c facing the storage unit 2 is disposed at the conveyance end of the upper conveyance unit 5b. The storage part 2 is formed by being surrounded by a ceiling wall or a side wall. The drying section 3 includes a hot wind tunnel 6 installed horizontally in the center, a grain flow passage (drying chamber) 7 installed horizontally on both sides of the hot wind drum 6, and exhaust air installed horizontally on each side of the drying chamber 7. It has a trunk 8. Further, hot air generating means (burner) 9 is connected to one end opening of the hot air drum 6 so as to supply hot air. The hot air supplied from the hot air generating means 9 to the hot wind drum 6 passes through perforated plates formed in the hot wind drum 6, the drying chamber 7 and the exhaust wind drum 8, and is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust wind drum 8. The air exhaust device 10 is configured to be exhausted outside by the suction action of the air exhaust device 10 provided. The side plate in the drying unit 3 is provided with an opening / closing lid 3a for tensioning.

前記取出部4は，前記左右の穀物流下層7の下端が交わる中央位置に横設したロータリーバルブ11と，該ロータリーバルブ11の下方位置に横設した下部搬送部12と，該下部搬送部12の両側部に横設した漏斗状の集穀板（ダッシュボード）13とから構成し，前記ロータリーバルブ11から繰出された穀物が前記下部搬送部12に集穀されて機外に搬出されるようになっている。なお，前記下部搬送部12の搬送終端側は前記昇降機5aの搬送始端側と接続し，搬出された穀物が前記昇降機5aに搬送されるようになっている。   The take-out section 4 includes a rotary valve 11 horizontally provided at a central position where the lower ends of the left and right grain lower layers 7 intersect, a lower transport section 12 laterally disposed below the rotary valve 11, and the lower transport section 12 And a funnel-shaped grain collection board (dashboard) 13 installed horizontally on both sides of the machine so that the grain fed from the rotary valve 11 is collected in the lower transport section 12 and carried out of the machine. It has become. Note that the conveyance end side of the lower conveyance section 12 is connected to the conveyance start end side of the elevator 5a, and the unloaded grain is conveyed to the elevator 5a.

本発明では，穀物サンプル粒についての胴割検査と水分値測定を行う。この胴割検査と水分値測定は，例えば，前記昇降機5aの側部に配設した胴割検査兼水分測定装置15によって行うようにするとよい。図4は，その胴割検査兼水分測定装置15の構成を概念的に説明したものである。該胴割検査兼水分測定装置15の具体構成は，図4に示したように，胴割検査部（胴割検査装置）16と水分測定部（水分検出装置）17とから構成する。前記胴割検査部16は，公知の胴割検査方式によるもので，縦一列状溝によって形成した下方傾斜状のシュート18を備えるとともに，該シュート18を下方から支えるように配設した振動発生装置19と，シュート18の傾斜上端部に配設したホッパー20と，シュート18の傾斜下方側に配設した光学検出手段21とを備える。前記シュート18の搬送終端側は，後述する水分測定部17の供給口24に向かって更に下向きの傾斜角度を急にした形状にしてある。該光学検出手段21を配設した位置における前記シュート18の底部には検出窓18a（図示せず）を設ける。そして，前記光学検出手段21は，前記検出窓18aに光軸が通るように，一方側（上方）に受光部22を他方側（下方）に照射部23をそれぞれ配設して構成する。なお，前記ホッパー20は昇降機5aの内部と連通した穀物サンプル採取用の管路15aと連通している。   In the present invention, a split inspection and a moisture value measurement are performed on a grain sample grain. The body split inspection and moisture value measurement may be performed by, for example, the body split inspection / moisture measuring device 15 disposed on the side of the elevator 5a. FIG. 4 conceptually illustrates the configuration of the torso split inspection and moisture measuring device 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the specific configuration of the torso split inspection / moisture measuring device 15 includes a torso split inspection unit (trunk inspection device) 16 and a moisture measurement unit (moisture detection device) 17. The body split inspection unit 16 is based on a known body split inspection method, and includes a downwardly inclined chute 18 formed by a vertical row of grooves, and a vibration generator arranged to support the chute 18 from below. 19, a hopper 20 disposed on the upper end of the chute 18, and an optical detection means 21 disposed on the lower side of the chute 18. The conveyance end side of the chute 18 has a shape in which the downward inclination angle is steeper toward the supply port 24 of the moisture measuring unit 17 described later. A detection window 18a (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the chute 18 at the position where the optical detection means 21 is disposed. The optical detection means 21 is configured by arranging a light receiving part 22 on one side (upper side) and an irradiation part 23 on the other side (lower side) so that the optical axis passes through the detection window 18a. The hopper 20 communicates with a grain sample collecting conduit 15a communicating with the interior of the elevator 5a.

前記水分測定部17についても，公知の方式である抵抗式水分計によるものを採用する（例えば，本出願人による，特許第3048006号公報など参照）。前記水分測定部17は，前記胴割検査部16で検査を終えて前記シュート18から流下・放出された穀粒を受け入れる供給口24を備える。そして，該供給口24の下方には，穀粒を１粒ずつ後述の測定部26に搬送する縦一列状溝で形成した下方傾斜状のシュート25と，該シュート25によって搬送された穀粒の水分値を測定する測定部26と，該測定部26での水分測定を終えた穀粒を排出する排出管27とを構成する。前記測定部26の具体的な構成は，互いに逆方向に回転する一対の電極ロール28,29を設け，該電極ロール28,29間において供給穀粒を粉砕しながら水分測定を行うように構成してある。そして更に，前記電極ロール28,29を駆動させるためのモータ30を有し，該モータ30からの出力は減速ギヤによって電極ロール28,29に伝達されるようになっている。前記電極ロール28,29の周面近傍位置には，電極ロール28,29の各周面を清掃するためのブラシ26aが配設してある。なお，前記排出口27から排出された穀粒は，昇降機5aの内部と連通した管路15bを通って昇降機5aの内部に排出されるようにしてある。   As the moisture measuring unit 17, a known method using a resistance moisture meter is employed (for example, see Japanese Patent No. 3048006 by the applicant). The moisture measuring unit 17 includes a supply port 24 that receives the grain that has been inspected and released from the chute 18 after being inspected by the trunk inspection unit 16. Below the supply port 24, a downwardly inclined chute 25 formed by a vertical line-shaped groove for conveying the grains one by one to a measuring unit 26 described later, and the grains conveyed by the chute 25 A measurement unit 26 that measures the moisture value and a discharge pipe 27 that discharges the grain that has been subjected to moisture measurement by the measurement unit 26 are configured. The specific configuration of the measuring unit 26 is configured to provide a pair of electrode rolls 28 and 29 that rotate in opposite directions, and to measure moisture while pulverizing the supply grain between the electrode rolls 28 and 29. It is. Further, a motor 30 for driving the electrode rolls 28 and 29 is provided, and an output from the motor 30 is transmitted to the electrode rolls 28 and 29 by a reduction gear. Brushes 26a for cleaning the peripheral surfaces of the electrode rolls 28 and 29 are disposed at positions in the vicinity of the peripheral surfaces of the electrode rolls 28 and 29. The grain discharged from the discharge port 27 is discharged into the elevator 5a through a pipeline 15b communicating with the elevator 5a.

次に，前記循環式穀物乾燥機1の運転を制御する運転制御部14を説明する。該運転制御部14の一例を示したブロック図を図5に示す。該運転制御部14は，中央演算部（以下「CPU」という）31を構成するとともに，該CPU31とそれぞれ電気的に接続した入出力回路（以下「I/O」という）32，書き込み専用の記憶部33（以下「ROM」という）及び書き込み・読み込み兼用記憶部34（以下「RAM」という）とから構成する。そして更に，前記I/O32に電気的に接続した，乾燥運転ボタンや張込運転ボタン，張込量設定ダイヤル，仕上げ水分値設定ダイヤル等からなる運転操作部35も構成する。このほか前記I/O32には，前記胴割検査兼水分測定装置15や熱風発生手段9，前記昇降機5aやロータリーバルブ11などの各モータ（図示せず）を駆動させる動力系駆動回路36が電気的に接続してある。   Next, the operation control unit 14 that controls the operation of the circulating grain dryer 1 will be described. A block diagram showing an example of the operation control unit 14 is shown in FIG. The operation control unit 14 constitutes a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as “CPU”) 31, an input / output circuit (hereinafter referred to as “I / O”) 32 electrically connected to the CPU 31, and a write-only memory. A unit 33 (hereinafter referred to as “ROM”) and a writing / reading storage unit 34 (hereinafter referred to as “RAM”). In addition, an operation operation unit 35 including a dry operation button, a tension operation button, a tension amount setting dial, a finishing moisture value setting dial and the like electrically connected to the I / O 32 is also configured. In addition, the I / O 32 includes a power system driving circuit 36 for driving motors (not shown) such as the body split inspection / moisture measuring device 15, the hot air generating means 9, the elevator 5a, and the rotary valve 11. Connected.

前記ROM33には，本発明の特徴構成である胴割防止運転プログラム（図6及び図7参照）のほか，サンプル粒における各水分分布（全粒水分分布，胴割粒水分分布）における運転内容をパターン1〜6（図6，7参照）や胴割れ判定用の所定の判別しきい値などが記憶してある。   In the ROM 33, in addition to the cylinder splitting prevention operation program (see FIGS. 6 and 7) which is a characteristic configuration of the present invention, the operation contents in each moisture distribution (whole grain moisture distribution, trunk split grain moisture distribution) in the sample grains are stored. Patterns 1 to 6 (see FIGS. 6 and 7), predetermined discrimination thresholds for torso crack determination, and the like are stored.

次に，前記循環式穀物乾燥機1の作用を説明する。図６は，前記胴割防止運転プログラムのフローチャートの特徴部分をのみを示す。まず，特徴部分でない，前記循環式穀物乾燥機1の基本的運転内容から説明する。該循環式穀物乾燥機1は，前記運転操作部35に設けた張り込みボタン又は乾燥ボタンがＯＮされると，前記動力系駆動回路36は，穀物還流手段5や下部搬送部12，排風機10の各モータを駆動させ，また，乾燥運転の際（乾燥ボタンのON）には，これに加えて，ロータリーバルブ11のモータを駆動させるとともに前記熱風発生装置9を駆動させ，これにより，穀物が機内循環され，かつ，熱風が熱風胴6に供給される。また，乾燥運転（乾燥ボタンのON）を行う前には，張込量設定や仕上げ水分値（目標水分値）の設定などを前記運転操作部35に設けたボタンにより行う。前記ロータリーバルブ11は周期的に一定時間回転することにより，貯留部2の穀物は，順次断続的に前記乾燥室7に流下して熱風の通風を受けた後，ロータリーバルブ11から繰出され，下部搬送部12から昇降機5a，上部搬送部5bを介して貯留タンク2に還流し，機内循環される。そして，穀物水分値は，後述する胴割検査兼水分測定装置15によって測定され，測定した穀物水分値が予め設定した仕上げ水分値になった時点（後述するプログラムフローチャートのステップ１３）で，前記胴割防止運転プログラムは終了するという基本的な運転が実行される。   Next, the operation of the circulation type grain dryer 1 will be described. FIG. 6 shows only the characteristic part of the flowchart of the waist split prevention operation program. First, the basic operation content of the circulation type grain dryer 1 which is not a characteristic part will be described. In the circulation type grain dryer 1, when the tension button or the drying button provided in the operation operation unit 35 is turned on, the power system drive circuit 36 is connected to the grain recirculation means 5, the lower transport unit 12, and the exhaust fan 10. Each motor is driven, and during the drying operation (when the drying button is ON), in addition to this, the motor of the rotary valve 11 is driven and the hot air generator 9 is driven. It is circulated and hot air is supplied to the hot wind tunnel 6. Further, before performing the drying operation (ON the drying button), setting of the amount of filling, setting of the finishing moisture value (target moisture value), and the like are performed by the buttons provided in the operation operation unit 35. The rotary valve 11 periodically rotates for a certain period of time, so that the grains in the storage unit 2 flow into the drying chamber 7 intermittently and receive hot air, and are then fed out of the rotary valve 11 to be From the transport unit 12, it returns to the storage tank 2 via the elevator 5 a and the upper transport unit 5 b and is circulated in the machine. The grain moisture value is measured by a cylinder split inspection / moisture measuring device 15 to be described later, and when the measured grain moisture value reaches a preset finish moisture value (step 13 in the program flowchart to be described later), the grain moisture value is measured. A basic operation is executed in which the split prevention operation program ends.

次に，穀物サンプルの胴割検査と水分値の測定を行う前記胴割検査兼水分測定装置15の作用について説明する。まず，胴割検査が前記胴割検査部16で行われた後に水分測定部17において水分測定が行われる。穀物サンプル（穀粒）Sの採取は，前記昇降機5a内部において穀物を揚穀する際にバケットからこぼれ落ちた穀粒が，前記排風機10によって昇降機5aの下部から前記胴割検査兼水分測定装置15内部に及ぶ吸引作用により，前記管路15aに入ってホッパー20に流下・供給されて行われる。前記胴割検査部16のホッパー20に供給されて貯留された穀粒Sは，前記振動発生装置19の振動作用により，ホッパー20の排出口から順次，前記シュート18上に移送され，縦一列状溝に沿って1粒ずつ整列して前記光学検出手段21を設けた位置に移送し，一粒ごとに胴割粒か否かの検査を受ける。前記光学検出手段21は，前記検出窓18a上に到達した穀粒Ｓに対して前記照射部23から光を照射し，穀粒Ｓから透過した光（以下「透過光」という）の検出を受光部2が行う。前記CPU31は，常時，前記透過光と前記胴割れ判定用の所定のしきい値との比較を行い，穀粒を1粒ずつ胴割粒か正常粒かの判別を行う。そして，胴割粒又は正常粒に判別された穀粒Ｓ毎の判別結果は，順次，前記RAM34に記憶する。なお，前記光学検出手段21を通過し，胴割れ検査を終えた穀粒Ｓは前記水分測定部17の供給口24に流下・供給される。   Next, the operation of the body split inspection / moisture measuring device 15 for performing the body split inspection and measuring the moisture value of the grain sample will be described. First, after the waist split inspection is performed by the body split inspection unit 16, the moisture measurement unit 17 performs moisture measurement. Grain sample (grain) S is collected by removing the grain spilled from the bucket when the grain is raised in the elevator 5a from the lower part of the elevator 5a by the blower 10 from the lower part of the elevator 5a. It is performed by entering the pipe line 15a and flowing down and supplied to the hopper 20 by the suction action extending inside. The grains S supplied and stored in the hopper 20 of the torso inspection unit 16 are sequentially transferred from the discharge port of the hopper 20 onto the chute 18 by the vibration action of the vibration generator 19, and are vertically aligned. Each grain is aligned along the groove and transferred to the position where the optical detection means 21 is provided, and each grain is inspected as to whether it is a cracked grain. The optical detection means 21 irradiates the grain S that has reached the detection window 18a with light from the irradiating unit 23, and receives light transmitted through the grain S (hereinafter referred to as “transmitted light”). Part 2 does. The CPU 31 always compares the transmitted light with a predetermined threshold value for determining the cracking of the shell, and determines whether each grain is a split or normal grain. And the discrimination | determination result for every grain S discriminate | determined by the body split grain or the normal grain is memorize | stored in said RAM34 sequentially. Note that the grain S that has passed through the optical detection means 21 and has undergone torso crack inspection flows down and is supplied to the supply port 24 of the moisture measuring unit 17.

前記水分測定部17の作用を説明する。前記供給口24に供給された穀粒Ｓは，順次，前記シュート25上に落下した後，該シュート25の縦一列状溝に沿って測定部26に一粒ずつ流下・供給される。該測定部26は，前記穀粒Ｓを1粒ずつ，互いに反対方向に回転する前記電極ロール28，29間に供給して圧砕し，該圧砕時における電気的抵抗値を測定して各粒の水分値を求める。この各穀粒Ｓの水分値は，順次，前記RAM34に記憶される。なお，前記電極ロール28，29間を通って水分測定が終わった穀粒Ｓは，前記排出管27内に排出された後，前記管路15bを流下して昇降機5a内に排出される。   The operation of the moisture measuring unit 17 will be described. The grains S supplied to the supply port 24 are sequentially dropped onto the chute 25, and then flowed down and supplied to the measuring unit 26 along the vertical lined grooves of the chute 25 one by one. The measuring unit 26 supplies the grain S between the electrode rolls 28 and 29 rotating in opposite directions, and crushes them, and measures the electrical resistance value during the crushing to measure each grain. Obtain the moisture value. The moisture values of the grains S are sequentially stored in the RAM 34. The grain S whose moisture measurement has been completed between the electrode rolls 28 and 29 is discharged into the discharge pipe 27, and then flows down the pipe line 15b and is discharged into the elevator 5a.

次に，前記サンプル粒の水分分布の算出について説明する。前記運転制御部14は，前記サンプル粒を，例えば25粒の単位で，各胴割れ判別結果と水分値とを前記RAM34から読み出し，胴割粒における胴割水分分布と，全25粒の全粒水分分布とをそれぞれ算出する。なお，前記胴割水分分布と全粒水分分布との算出については，平均的な各分布を得るために，前記25粒以降に採取した別の25粒について胴割水分分布及び全粒水分分布の算出を繰り返し，例えば4回の各分布結果に基づいて平均的な胴割水分分布及び各全粒水分分布を求めるようにしてもよい。また，サンプル粒の一単位（ロット）を25粒としたが，粒数は適宜変更可能である。   Next, calculation of the moisture distribution of the sample grains will be described. The operation control unit 14 reads out the sample cracks, for example, in units of 25 grains, the results of discrimination of each body crack and the moisture value from the RAM 34, the trunk moisture distribution in the trunk grains, and all 25 grains. The water distribution is calculated respectively. Regarding the calculation of the above-mentioned body split moisture distribution and whole grain moisture distribution, in order to obtain each average distribution, another 25 grains sampled after the above 25 grains were measured for the trunk split moisture distribution and the whole grain moisture distribution. The calculation may be repeated, and for example, an average body split moisture distribution and each whole grain moisture distribution may be obtained based on each distribution result obtained four times. In addition, one unit (lot) of sample grains is 25 grains, but the number of grains can be changed as appropriate.

次に，前記胴割防止運転プログラムの特徴的な運転内容を説明する（図６及び図７参照）。該胴割防止運転プログラムにおいて，下記ステップ１が実行される時点においては，前述した張込量の設定等によって選定された乾燥速度（熱風温度など）によるいわゆる胴割防止運転ではない通常の乾燥運転がなされており，以下のステップ１以降の運転が実質上の胴割発生防止の乾燥運転となる。   Next, the characteristic operation content of the above-described body split prevention operation program will be described (see FIGS. 6 and 7). In the cylinder split prevention operation program, when the following step 1 is executed, a normal drying operation that is not a so-called trunk split prevention operation at the drying speed (hot air temperature, etc.) selected by setting the amount of tension described above, etc. Therefore, the operation after Step 1 below is a drying operation that substantially prevents the generation of the body split.

ステップ１は，前記胴割検査兼水分測定装置15が，常時，前述のようにして全サンプル粒について胴割検査及び水分測定して記憶した検査結果（前記ＲＡＭ34に記憶）から一ロット25粒の検査結果を読み出し，該25粒における胴割率を算出し，胴割率が３％以上か否かの判別を行う。胴割率が３％以上のときはステップ２に進む。一方，胴割率が３％以下であれば，ステップ１３に進み，サンプル粒の平均水分値が仕上り水分値（目標水分値）に到達しているか否かを判定し乾燥終了か否かの判断がなされる。   In step 1, the torso split inspection / moisture measuring device 15 always stores 25 samples per lot from the inspection results (stored in the RAM 34) stored by performing the split split inspection and moisture measurement for all sample grains as described above. The inspection result is read out, the body split rate in the 25 grains is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the body split rate is 3% or more. When the trunk ratio is 3% or more, the process proceeds to Step 2. On the other hand, if the body split ratio is 3% or less, the process proceeds to step 13 to determine whether or not the average moisture value of the sample grains has reached the finished moisture value (target moisture value), and whether or not the drying has ended. Is made.

前記ステップ２は，前記ステップ１で使用した同一の一ロット25粒の各水分値検査結果から，該25粒における全粒水分分布を求めるとともに，該全粒水分分布にピーク値（山）が二つ以上あるか否かの判別を行う。前記山が二つ以上でない（山が一つ）ときはステップ３に進み，一方，前記山が二つ以上のときは，ステップ４を実行する。該ステップ４の運転内容は後で説明することにする。   In the step 2, the total grain moisture distribution in the 25 grains is obtained from each moisture value inspection result of the same one lot 25 grains used in the step 1, and the peak value (mountain) has two peaks in the whole grain moisture distribution. Determine whether there are more than two. When there are not two or more peaks (one mountain), the process proceeds to Step 3, while when there are two or more peaks, Step 4 is executed. The operation content of step 4 will be described later.

前記ステップ３は，前記全粒水分分布の標準偏差値を演算して求め，サンプル粒（25粒）の水分値のバラツキ具合を求め，標準偏差値が３％未満であれば，水分値のバラツキが少ないとの判断し，ステップ５に進み，一方，標準偏差値が３％以上であれば，水分値のバラツキが多いと判断し，ステップ６に進む。   In step 3, the standard deviation value of the moisture distribution of the whole grain is calculated to obtain the degree of variation of the moisture value of the sample grains (25 grains). If the standard deviation value is less than 3%, the variation of the moisture value is determined. If the standard deviation value is 3% or more, it is determined that there is a large variation in moisture value, and the process proceeds to step 6.

前記ステップ５は，前記サンプル粒（25粒）における胴割粒の平均水分値を演算し，該平均水分値が１８％を越えるか否かを判別する。前記胴割粒の平均水分値が１８％を超えている場合には，一般的に知られている乾燥中における胴割粒の発生に係る知見，すなわち，「乾燥中の胴割れの発生は穀物水分が低水分域（20％以下）ときに生じる」に該当しないので，前記各胴割粒は圃場で生じたものと推定してステップ７に進み，「低乾燥速度運転（乾燥速度を遅くする運転）：ややゆっくり」とする乾燥運転内容（図７にも示したパターン１）が選択・実行され，これにより，前記圃場胴割粒の胴割れ進行を防止する安全な乾燥運転となる。   In step 5, the average moisture value of the body split grains in the sample grains (25 grains) is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the average moisture value exceeds 18%. When the average moisture value of the above-mentioned torn grains exceeds 18%, it is generally known that the generation of torn grains during drying, that is, “the occurrence of torn cracks during drying is a grain Since it does not correspond to “occurs when moisture is in a low moisture range (20% or less)”, it is estimated that each of the split grains is generated in the field, and the process proceeds to Step 7, “low drying speed operation (decreases drying speed) Operation): “Slightly slower” is selected and executed as the drying operation content (Pattern 1 also shown in FIG. 7), thereby achieving a safe drying operation that prevents the progress of cracking of the above-mentioned field split grains.

一方，ステップ５において，胴割粒の平均水分値が１８％未満であった場合は，前述の知見に該当するため，前記胴割粒は乾燥運転中に生じたものと判断し，現在の乾燥条件が胴割れを発生させる好ましくない危険な条件にあると判断し，ステップ８に示した前記パターン１の運転よりも胴割れを発生させない乾燥運転内容（パターン２）を選択・実行する。該パターン２の運転は，前述のように，前記パターン１の運転よりも胴割れ発生を更に防止する安全な運転項目（以下「安全運転項目」という）を加えたものであって，具体的には，「乾燥途中休止運転（調質運転）を穀物水分が約１８％に到達した時点で約２時間行う」運転項目と，「目標水分値よりも高め（例えば，０．５％高め）で乾燥終了させる（以下「高水分側自動停止運転」という）」運転項目と，「乾燥初期における送風運転（約2時間）（以下「乾燥初期送風運転」という）」の運転項目とを追加したものである。なお，本発明における前記安全運転項目には前記低乾燥速度運転も含むものとする。   On the other hand, in Step 5, when the average moisture value of the cracked grains is less than 18%, it corresponds to the above-mentioned knowledge. Therefore, it is judged that the cracked grains are generated during the drying operation, and the current drying is performed. It is judged that the condition is an unfavorable and dangerous condition for generating a shell crack, and the dry operation content (pattern 2) that does not generate a shell crack is selected and executed as compared with the operation of the pattern 1 shown in step 8. As described above, the operation of the pattern 2 is performed by adding safe operation items (hereinafter referred to as “safe operation items”) that further prevent the occurrence of shell cracking than the operation of the pattern 1. Is an operation item of “performing dry operation (conditioning operation) for about 2 hours when grain moisture reaches about 18%” and “higher than target moisture value (for example, 0.5% higher)” Operation item that ends drying (hereinafter referred to as “high moisture side automatic stop operation”) and operation item of “air blowing operation in the initial stage of drying (about 2 hours)” (hereinafter referred to as “dry initial air blowing operation”) It is. The safe operation items in the present invention include the low drying speed operation.

前記乾燥初期送風運転と前記乾燥途中休止運転については，穀粒間の水分移行や穀粒における表面部と内部との間の水分移行を行わせる作用により，胴割れの発生を防止する効果を奏し，また，前記高水分側自動停止運転も，胴割れが生じやすい低水分域（目標水分値付近）において少しでも早く乾燥停止することにより穀物の胴割れを防止する作用効果がある。前記乾燥初期送風運転は，前記サンプル粒（25粒）が乾燥運転（再乾燥運転を含む）を開始後の初回であるときのみに実行するもので，二回以降の前記サンプル粒（25粒）に対しては実行しない。なお，ステップ７及びステップ８を実行した後は，前記ステップ１３（仕上り水分値に到達しているか否かの判断）に進む。   The drying initial air blowing operation and the drying pause operation have the effect of preventing the occurrence of shell cracks by the action of transferring moisture between grains and transferring moisture between the surface and the inside of the grains. In addition, the high moisture side automatic stop operation also has an effect of preventing grain cracking by stopping drying as soon as possible in a low moisture region where the shell cracking is likely to occur (near the target moisture value). The drying initial blowing operation is executed only when the sample particles (25 particles) are the first time after starting the drying operation (including the re-drying operation), and the sample particles (25 particles) after the second time. Do not execute for. After executing Step 7 and Step 8, the process proceeds to Step 13 (determination as to whether or not the finished moisture value has been reached).

前記ステップ６は，ステップ５と同様にして，前記サンプル粒（25粒）における胴割粒の平均水分値を演算し，該平均水分値が１８％を越えるか否かを判別する。胴割粒の平均水分値が１８％を超えていれば，前述と同様に，前記乾燥中における胴割れ発生の知見に該当しないので前記各胴割粒は圃場で生じたものと判断し，ステップ９（パターン３の乾燥運転）を選択・実行する。該パターン３の乾燥運転内容は，サンプル粒（25粒）の水分分布が前記パターン１のものよりも全粒水分分布のバラツキが多いと判断されるため，パターン１の乾燥運転に加えて乾燥初期送風運転（約2時間）（前述乾燥運転開始後の初回サンプル粒のときのみに実行）が追加してある。該乾燥初期送風運転（約2時間）により，前述のように，穀粒間の水分移行や穀粒における表面部と内部との間の水分移行が生じ，穀粒間の水分のバラツキが少なくなり，胴割れの発生を防止する効果を奏する。   In the same manner as in step 5, the step 6 calculates the average moisture value of the body split grains in the sample grains (25 grains) and determines whether or not the average moisture value exceeds 18%. If the average moisture value of the torn grains exceeds 18%, it is not relevant to the knowledge of the occurrence of torso cracking during the drying as described above, so it is determined that each torn grain has occurred in the field. 9 (pattern 3 drying operation) is selected and executed. The content of the drying operation of pattern 3 is that the moisture distribution of the sample grains (25 grains) is determined to have a variation in the moisture distribution of the whole grains more than that of pattern 1, so that in addition to the drying operation of pattern 1 A blowing operation (about 2 hours) (executed only for the first sample after the start of the drying operation) is added. As described above, the initial drying air blowing operation (about 2 hours) causes moisture transfer between the grains and moisture between the surface portion and the inside of the grains, thereby reducing the variation in moisture between the grains. , It has the effect of preventing the occurrence of shell cracks.

一方，ステップ６において，胴割粒の平均水分値が１８％未満であった場合は，ステップ８で述べたことと同じように，前記乾燥胴割れ発生の知見に該当するので，前記胴割粒は乾燥運転中に生じたものと判断し，現在の乾燥条件が胴割れを発生させる好ましくない危険な条件にあると判断し，ステップ１０に示した，前記パターン３の運転よりも胴割れを発生させない乾燥運転内容（パターン４）を選択・実行する。該パターン４の運転は，前記パターン３の運転よりも更に胴割れ発生を防止する前記安全運転項目に相当するものとして，「乾燥初期送風運転の時間をパターン３よりも長く（約3時間）（前述乾燥運転開始後の初回サンプル粒のときのみに実行）」，「乾燥途中休止運転（穀物水分が約１８％に到達した時点で約２時間）」及び「高水分側自動停止運転（目標水分値よりも高め（例えば，０．５％高め）で乾燥終了）」の運転項目を加えたものである。前記乾燥初期送風運転，乾燥途中休止運転及び高水分側自動停止運転の各運転項目には，前述のとおり，胴割れ発生防止の効果があり，特に初期送風の時間をパターン３よりも長くしてある点においてより安全な胴割防止運転項目となる。なお，ステップ９及びステップ１０の後は，前記ステップ１３（仕上り水分値に到達しているか否か）に進む。   On the other hand, if the average moisture value of the cracked grains in step 6 is less than 18%, it corresponds to the knowledge of the occurrence of cracking in the dry barrel as described in step 8, so Is determined to have occurred during the drying operation, the current drying conditions are determined to be unfavorable and dangerous conditions for generating shell cracks, and the cracks are generated more than the pattern 3 operation shown in Step 10 Select / execute dry operation details (Pattern 4). The operation of the pattern 4 is equivalent to the safe operation item for preventing the occurrence of shell cracking more than the operation of the pattern 3, and “the drying initial blowing operation time is longer than the pattern 3 (about 3 hours) ( “Executed only for the first sample after the start of the drying operation”), “Pause operation during drying (about 2 hours when the grain moisture reaches about 18%)” and “High moisture side automatic stop operation (target moisture) The operation item of “higher than the value (for example, 0.5% higher) and drying is completed”) is added. As described above, each of the operation items of the drying initial blowing operation, the mid-drying pause operation, and the high-moisture-side automatic stop operation has an effect of preventing the cracking of the body. In particular, the initial blowing time is set longer than that of the pattern 3. In some respects, it is a safer item for preventing body splitting. After step 9 and step 10, the process proceeds to step 13 (whether or not the finished moisture value has been reached).

前記ステップ４については，前記ステップ１で検査した，各サンプル粒（25粒）の胴割れ検査結果と水分測定結果に基づいて胴割粒における水分分布を求め，該胴割水分分布にピーク値（山）が二つ以上あるかを判別する。そして，前記胴割水分分布に山が二つ以上存在しない場合（＝山が一つ）は，ステップ１１に示した乾燥運転（パターン５）を選択・実行する。該パターン５の運転は，乾燥中の穀物が，収穫圃場の異なるものの混合であると判定して行われる運転であって，両者の穀物水分のバラツキをより少なくして胴割粒を発生させないようにするため，前記パターン４の運転よりも更に安全な胴割防止運転項目とする。具体的には，乾燥初期送風運転の時間をパターン４よりも長く（約４時間）（前述乾燥運転開始後の初回サンプル粒のときのみに実行）する変更と，乾燥速度を「ゆっくり」にする変更とを加えたものである。一方，ステップ４において，前記胴割水分分布に山が二つ以上あればステップ１２に示した乾燥運転（パターン６）を選択・実行する。該パターン６の運転は，前記乾燥中の穀物が，収穫圃場の異なるものの混合であり，かつ，両者の各穀物において胴割粒が生じていると判定して行われる運転であって，両者の穀物水分のバラツキをより少なくして胴割粒を発生させないようにするため，前記パターン５の運転よりも更に安全な運転項目とする。具体的には，乾燥途中休止運転に関し，穀物水分が約１８％に到達した時点で行う乾燥途中休止運転を約４時間に延ばす変更を加えたものである。なお，前記ステップ１１及びステップ１２の後は，前記ステップ１３（仕上り水分値に到達しているか否か）に進み，穀物水分が仕上り水分値に達していなければ前記ステップ１に戻り，一方，穀物水分が仕上り水分値に達していれば胴割防止運転プログラムの終了となり，機械停止する。   For the step 4, the moisture distribution in the body split grain is obtained based on the result of the shell crack inspection and the moisture measurement result of each sample grain (25 grains) inspected in the step 1, and the peak value ( Determine whether there are two or more mountains. If there are no more than two peaks in the body split moisture distribution (= one peak), the drying operation (pattern 5) shown in step 11 is selected and executed. The operation of the pattern 5 is an operation performed by determining that the cereal being dried is a mixture of different crop fields, so that the cereal grain is not generated by reducing the variation in moisture between the cereal grains. Therefore, it is set as a torso prevention operation item that is safer than the operation of the pattern 4 described above. Specifically, the drying initial air blowing operation time is longer than pattern 4 (about 4 hours) (executed only for the first sample grain after the start of the drying operation) and the drying speed is set to “slow”. With changes. On the other hand, in step 4, if there are two or more peaks in the body split moisture distribution, the drying operation (pattern 6) shown in step 12 is selected and executed. The operation of the pattern 6 is an operation that is performed by determining that the cereal being dried is a mixture of different harvesting fields, and that the cereals are split in each of the cereals. In order to reduce the variation in grain moisture and prevent the generation of torn grains, the operation item is safer than the operation of the pattern 5 described above. Specifically, with regard to the resting operation during drying, a change is made to extend the resting operation during drying when the grain moisture reaches about 18% to about 4 hours. After step 11 and step 12, the process proceeds to step 13 (whether or not the finished moisture value has been reached). If the grain moisture has not reached the finished moisture value, the process returns to step 1 while the grain If the moisture reaches the finished moisture value, the body split prevention operation program ends and the machine stops.

以上のように，本発明の胴割防止運転プログラムは，サンプル粒における胴割検査及び水分検査を行い，胴割粒の水分値と前記前記乾燥中における胴割れ発生の知見（胴割粒水分値が低水分域（20％以下）か否か）に基づき，胴割れ発生の原因が乾燥条件によるものか収穫圃場でなされたものかを見極め，乾燥条件が原因である場合には，胴割れ発生防止の運転項目を追加して実行するものであるので，胴割れをより防止する安全な乾燥運転が行える。また，胴割れ発生の原因が収穫圃場によるものであった場合には，胴割れ発生の原因が乾燥条件であるときに行う乾燥運転のように時間を掛けたより慎重な乾燥を行わず，簡易的な胴割防止運転とするので，必要以上の乾燥時間を要しない。よって，胴割率が同じ場合でも，乾燥運転をより慎重なものにするべきか否かの判断ができ，乾燥運転方法が的確なものとなる。また，本発明の胴割防止運転プログラムは，上記に加え，サンプル粒における全粒水分分布のバラツキや山の数，胴割水分分布の山の数も考慮するので，安全な胴割れ防止運転となる。   As described above, the cylinder splitting prevention operation program according to the present invention performs the cylinder split inspection and moisture inspection on the sample grains, and the moisture value of the cylinder split grains and the knowledge about the occurrence of cylinder cracks during the drying (the split grain moisture value). Based on the low moisture range (20% or less)), it was determined whether the cause of torso cracking was due to dry conditions or at the harvesting field. Since the operation item for prevention is added and executed, a safe drying operation can be performed to further prevent the shell cracking. In addition, when the cause of shell cracking is caused by the harvesting field, it is not necessary to perform drying more carefully than in the drying operation performed when the cause of shell cracking is dry conditions. Since it is an operation to prevent torso splitting, it does not require excessive drying time. Therefore, even when the cylinder split ratio is the same, it can be determined whether or not the drying operation should be made more cautious, and the drying operation method becomes accurate. In addition to the above, the program for preventing torso splitting according to the present invention also takes into account the variation in the total grain moisture distribution and the number of peaks in the sample grains, and the number of peaks in the torso moisture distribution. Become.

本発明における循環式穀物乾燥機の前方斜視図である。It is a front perspective view of the circulation type grain dryer in the present invention. 本発明における循環式穀物乾燥機の後方斜視図である。It is a back perspective view of the circulation type grain dryer in the present invention. 本発明における循環式穀物乾燥機の正面側から見た縦断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the front side of the circulation type grain dryer in this invention. 胴割検査兼水分測定装置の構成を概念的に説明した図である。It is the figure which demonstrated notionally the structure of the trunk split inspection and moisture measuring apparatus. 運転制御部のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of an operation control part. 胴割防止運転プログラムのフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of a trunk split prevention operation program. サンプル粒の水分値の分布と乾燥運転内容との関係をパターンごとに示した表である。It is the table | surface which showed the relationship between distribution of the moisture value of a sample grain, and the content of drying operation for every pattern.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 循環式穀物乾燥機
２ 貯留部
３ 乾燥部
３ａ 開閉蓋
４ 取出部
５ 穀物還流手段
５ａ 昇降機
５ｂ 上部搬送部
５ｃ 穀物分散装置
６ 熱風胴
７ 乾燥室
８ 排風胴
９ 熱風発生手段（バーナー）
１０ 排風機
１１ ロータリーバルブ
１２ 下部搬送部
１３ 集穀板
１４ 運転制御部
１５ 胴割検査兼水分測定装置
１５ａ 管路
１５ｂ 管路
１６ 胴割検査部（胴割検査装置）
１７ 水分測定部（水分検出装置）
１８ シュート
１８ａ 検出窓
１９ 振動発生機
２０ ホッパー
２１ 光学検出手段
２２ 受光部
２３ 照射部
２４ 供給口
２５ シュート
２６ 測定部
２６ａ ブラシ
２７ 排出口管
２８ 電極ロール
２９ 電極ロール
３０ モータ
３１ 中央演算部（ＣＰＵ）
３２ 入出力回路（Ｉ／Ｏ）
３３ 書き込み専用記憶部（ＲＯＭ）
３４ 書き込み・読み込み兼用記憶部（ＲＡＭ）
３５ 運転操作部
３６ 動力系駆動回路
Ｓ 穀物サンプル（穀粒）
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circulation type grain dryer 2 Storage part 3 Drying part 3a Opening / closing lid 4 Taking-out part 5 Grain recirculation means 5a Elevator 5b Upper conveyance part 5c Grain disperser 6 Hot air drum 7 Drying chamber 8 Exhaust air drum 9 Hot air generating means (burner)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Air exhaust machine 11 Rotary valve 12 Lower conveyance part 13 Grain collecting board 14 Operation control part 15 Body split inspection and moisture measuring device 15a Pipe line 15b Pipe line 16 Body split inspection part (body split inspection apparatus)
17 Moisture measurement unit (moisture detection device)
18 Chute 18a Detection window 19 Vibration generator 20 Hopper 21 Optical detection means 22 Light receiving unit 23 Irradiation unit 24 Supply port 25 Chute 26 Measurement unit 26a Brush 27 Discharge port tube 28 Electrode roll 29 Electrode roll 30 Motor 31 Central processing unit (CPU)
32 Input / output circuit (I / O)
33 Write-only memory (ROM)
34 Write / read memory unit (RAM)
35 Driving operation part 36 Power system drive circuit S Grain sample (grain)

Claims (5)

穀物貯留部から流下する穀物に通風するとともに穀物サンプルの測定水分値が所定水分値になるまで機内循環しながら乾燥を行い，前記穀物サンプルを胴割れ検査してその胴割率を求め，該胴割率に基づいて穀物の胴割れ発生を防止する循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法において，
前記穀物サンプルにおける胴割粒の水分値を測定し，該胴割粒水分値が高水分値であるか低水分値であるか否かによって乾燥運転の内容を変更することを特徴とする循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法。 Ventilate the grain flowing down from the grain reservoir and dry it while circulating in the machine until the measured moisture value of the grain sample reaches the specified moisture value. In the method for preventing the splitting of a circulation type grain dryer to prevent the occurrence of cracking of the grain based on the split rate,
Measuring the moisture value of the split grain in the grain sample, and changing the content of the drying operation depending on whether the split grain moisture value is a high moisture value or a low moisture value A method to prevent the splitting of the grain dryer. 前記胴割粒水分値が低水分値である場合には，前記乾燥運転の内容をより胴割れが発生しない安全な乾燥運転内容にする請求項１に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法。 The prevention of body splitting of a circulation type grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein when the water content of the split grain moisture is low, the content of the drying operation is set to a safe drying operation content that does not cause cracking of the shell. how to drive. 20％以下を前記低水分値とする請求項１又は請求項２のいずれかに記載の循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法。 The method for preventing the splitting of a circulating grain dryer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 20% or less is the low moisture value. 前記乾燥運転の内容は，乾燥初期送風運転，低乾燥速度運転，乾燥途中休止運転及び乾燥仕上げ水分値よりも高めで乾燥終了させる高水分側自動停止運転からなる乾燥運転項目のうち一つ又は複数の運転項目を組み合わせたものである請求項１乃至請求項３に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法。 The content of the drying operation is one or a plurality of drying operation items including an initial drying air blowing operation, a low drying speed operation, a pause operation in the middle of drying, and a high moisture side automatic stop operation that finishes drying at a level higher than the drying finish moisture value. The operation method for preventing the splitting of the circulation type grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operation items are combined. 前記乾燥運転項目の選択は，穀物サンプルの水分分布におけるバラツキ，ピークの数，又は胴割粒の水分分布のピークの数を考慮して行う請求項４に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機の胴割防止運転方法。
The selection of the drying operation item is performed considering the variation in the moisture distribution of the grain sample, the number of peaks, or the number of peaks of the moisture distribution of the torn grain, according to claim 4. Prevention driving method.

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