JP2011153747A - Circulation type grain drier - Google Patents

Circulation type grain drier Download PDF

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JP2011153747A
JP2011153747A JP2010014828A JP2010014828A JP2011153747A JP 2011153747 A JP2011153747 A JP 2011153747A JP 2010014828 A JP2010014828 A JP 2010014828A JP 2010014828 A JP2010014828 A JP 2010014828A JP 2011153747 A JP2011153747 A JP 2011153747A
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drying
grain
time
predicted
control unit
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JP5545815B2 (en
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Koji Okumura
浩次 奥村
Katsushi Sugimoto
克司 杉本
Tomohiro Masuo
智裕 升尾
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Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Satake Corp
Yamamoto and Co Ltd
Yamamoto Co Ltd
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Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Satake Corp
Yamamoto and Co Ltd
Yamamoto Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulation type grain drier capable of reducing consumption of kerosene fuel while keeping a drying finish appointment time. <P>SOLUTION: This circulation type grain drier calculates an estimated mean drying dV when an air blowing operation is performed under a present outside air condition after starting a drying operation, determines a drying finish estimated time when air-blow drying (air blowing operation) is performed on the basis of the estimated mean drying dV, and switches the operation to the air blowing operation while considering whether the estimated mean drying dV is a prescribed value or more, or not, when a drying time has leeway to the drying finish appointment time, thus the drying can be properly and efficiently executed while keeping the drying finish appointment time, and energy-saving effect can be achieved by reducing the consumption of the kerosene fuel in the air blowing operation even in a time zone excluding a time zone of a low outside air temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、籾(もみ)や麦などの穀物を乾燥する循環式穀物乾燥機に係り、特に、乾燥運転を低燃費に行なって省エネルギー化することに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a circulation type grain dryer for drying grains such as rice bran and wheat, and more particularly to energy saving by performing a drying operation with low fuel consumption.

従来、循環式穀物乾燥機において、穀物の乾燥運転の際に、熱風生成バーナーに使用する灯油燃料の燃焼消費量を低減することを目的としたものが知られている(特許文献1)。この特許文献1のものは、乾燥運転する際に、作業者があらかじめ穀物乾燥の乾燥仕上予約時刻(乾燥仕上り希望時刻)を入力し、乾燥開始後に、乾燥開始時刻から前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までの乾燥所要時間を計算し、該乾燥所要時間が前記乾燥時間に対して時間的に余裕があるときには、乾燥運転途中に熱風生成バーナー等を全停止する休止運転(調質運転)を任意時間行い、この休止運転の間に燃焼しない分だけの灯油量を低減するものであった。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a circulation-type grain dryer is known that aims to reduce the amount of burning of kerosene fuel used in a hot air generating burner during grain drying operation (Patent Document 1). According to this Patent Document 1, when a drying operation is performed, an operator inputs a dry finishing reservation time (desired drying finish time) for grain drying in advance, and after the start of drying, from the drying start time to the dry finishing reservation time. Calculate the time required for drying, and when the time required for drying is sufficient with respect to the time required for drying, a pause operation (tempering operation) for completely stopping the hot air generating burner during the drying operation is performed for an arbitrary time, The amount of kerosene was reduced by the amount not combusted during the rest operation.

特開平11−132657号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-132657

しかしながら、上記特許文献1のものは、前記休止運転する間に休止運転をして燃料消費量を低減する効果はあるが、休止運転するのは穀物水分値が20%以下で、かつ、外気温度の一番低い深夜から朝方の時間帯に限って行なわれるものであるので、穀物水分値が20%まで乾燥されるまでの時間及び前記外気温度の低い時間帯以外のときには何ら燃料消費量を低減する手段が講じられていないものであった。このため、燃料消費量を更に低減して省エネ効果のある手段の開発が望まれている。
そこで、本願発明は上記問題点にかんがみ、乾燥仕上予約時刻を守りながら、灯油燃料の消費量をより低減できる循環式穀物乾燥機を提供することを技術的課題とするものである。
However, although the thing of the said patent document 1 has an effect which reduces a fuel consumption by carrying out dormant operation during the said dormant operation, the grain moisture value is 20% or less, and outside air temperature is carried out. Since it is performed only during the time zone from the lowest midnight to the morning, the fuel consumption is reduced at times other than the time until the grain moisture value is dried to 20% and the time when the outside air temperature is low. There was no way to do it. For this reason, it is desired to develop a means having an energy saving effect by further reducing the fuel consumption.
In view of the above problems, the present invention has a technical problem to provide a circulating grain dryer that can further reduce the consumption of kerosene fuel while keeping the dry finishing reservation time.

本発明の循環式穀物乾燥機は上記課題を解決するため、
穀物の貯留タンク部と、
該貯留タンク部から流下した穀物を熱風通風して乾燥する乾燥部と、
該乾燥部における穀物を排出する排出部と、
該排出部から排出された穀物をバケット式昇降機及び前記貯留タンク部の上部の上部横搬送手段を介して貯留タンク部に還流する還流部と、
穀物水分を測定する穀物水分測定部と、
該穀物水分測定部で測定された穀物水分値が設定水分値になるまで乾燥運転等を制御するとともに、乾燥仕上予約時刻を入力設定可能にして前記乾燥仕上予約時刻に乾燥が仕上がるように制御する運転制御部と、
を備えた循環式穀物乾燥機において、
前記運転制御部は、運転中に、そのときの外気条件で送風運転したときの予測乾減率dVを演算するとともに、該予測乾減率dVに基づいて前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までに乾燥時間の時間的な余裕があると判断され、かつ、前記予測乾減率dVが所定値以上である場合に送風運転を行う、という技術的手段を講じた。
In order to solve the above problems, the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention,
A grain storage tank,
A drying section for drying the grain flowing down from the storage tank section by blowing hot air;
A discharge section for discharging grain in the drying section;
A reflux part for returning the grain discharged from the discharge part to the storage tank part via a bucket-type elevator and an upper horizontal conveying means at the top of the storage tank part;
A grain moisture measuring unit for measuring grain moisture;
The drying operation and the like are controlled until the grain moisture value measured by the grain moisture measuring unit reaches a set moisture value, and the drying finish reservation time can be set to be input, and the drying is controlled at the drying finish reservation time. An operation control unit;
In the circulating grain dryer with
During the operation, the operation control unit calculates a predicted drying rate dV when the air blowing operation is performed under the outside air condition at that time, and based on the predicted drying rate dV, the drying time is determined by the dry finish reservation time. The technical means of performing the air blowing operation when it was determined that there was a time allowance and the predicted drying rate dV was a predetermined value or more was taken.

また、前記運転制御部は、測定穀物水分値が所定水分値よりも高いときに前記送風運転への切換えを行い、一方、測定穀物水分値が所定水分値よりも低いときには休止運転に切換えるとよい。これにより、休止運転(全停止)によって、排風機の駆動停止による電力使用量の低減の省エネ効果も得られる。   The operation control unit may switch to the blowing operation when the measured grain moisture value is higher than the predetermined moisture value, and may switch to the rest operation when the measured grain moisture value is lower than the predetermined moisture value. . Thereby, the energy-saving effect of the reduction of the electric power consumption by the drive stop of an exhaust fan is also acquired by rest driving | operation (all stop).

さらに、前記運転制御部は、前記予測乾減率dVが所定値以上のときは送風運転に切換える一方、前記予測乾減率dVが所定値未満のときは乾減率を小さくした乾燥運転に切換えるという。これにより、乾燥仕上予約時刻を守るための乾燥効率(乾燥作用の進行)を確保できる。   Further, the operation control unit switches to a blowing operation when the predicted drying rate dV is a predetermined value or more, and switches to a drying operation with a reduced drying rate when the predicted drying rate dV is less than a predetermined value. That's it. Thereby, it is possible to ensure the drying efficiency (the progress of the drying action) for keeping the dry finishing reservation time.

また、前記運転制御部は、乾燥中に前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までに時間的な余裕がないと判断したときには、乾減率を大きくした乾燥運転に切換えるとよい。これにより、乾燥仕上予約時刻を守るための乾燥効率(乾燥作用の進行)を確保できる。   In addition, when the operation control unit determines that there is no time margin before the dry finishing reservation time during drying, the operation control unit may switch to a drying operation with a larger drying rate. Thereby, it is possible to ensure the drying efficiency (the progress of the drying action) for keeping the dry finishing reservation time.

さらに、前記運転制御部は、前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までに乾燥仕上げが間に合わないと判断したときには警告報知するとともに、乾減率を大きくした乾燥運転に切換えるとよい。   Further, the operation control unit may notify the warning when it is determined that the drying finish is not in time by the dry finishing reservation time, and may switch to the drying operation with a larger drying rate.

本発明の循環式穀物乾燥機は、乾燥運転開始後に、現在の外気条件(温度、湿度等)で送風運転したときの予測乾減率dVを演算し、該予測乾減率dVに基づいて送風乾燥(送風運転)したときの乾燥仕上予測時刻を求め、該乾燥仕上予約時刻に対して乾燥時間に時間的な余裕があるときには、該予測乾減率dVが所定値以上か否かを考慮して送風運転に切換えるようにしたので、乾燥仕上予約時刻を守りながら的確でかつ効率的な乾燥を進行することができる。また、外気温度の低い時間帯に限ることなく、全ての時間帯において送風運転による灯油燃料の消費量低減の省エネ効果を得ることが可能となる。   The circulation type grain dryer of the present invention calculates the predicted drying rate dV when the blowing operation is performed under the current outside air conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) after starting the drying operation, and blows air based on the predicted drying rate dV. The predicted dry finish time when drying (air blowing operation) is obtained, and when there is a time allowance for the dry time with respect to the dry finish reservation time, it is considered whether or not the predicted dry rate dV is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Therefore, accurate and efficient drying can be performed while keeping the dry finishing reservation time. Moreover, it becomes possible to obtain the energy saving effect of reducing the consumption amount of kerosene fuel by the air blowing operation in all time zones without being limited to the time zone where the outside air temperature is low.

本発明の循環式穀物乾燥機における前方斜視図を示す。The front perspective view in the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention is shown. 本発明の循環式穀物乾燥機における後方斜視図を示す。The rear perspective view in the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention is shown. 本発明の循環式穀物乾燥機における正面縦断面図を示す。The front longitudinal cross-sectional view in the circulation type grain dryer of this invention is shown. 本発明の運転制御部におけるブロック図を示す。The block diagram in the operation control part of this invention is shown. 本発明における省エネ乾燥運転プログラムのフロー図を示す。The flowchart of the energy saving drying operation program in this invention is shown. 本発明の省エネ乾燥運転プログラムに関係する計算式の一覧表を示す。The list of the calculation formulas related to the energy saving drying operation program of the present invention is shown. 本発明の省エネ乾燥運転プログラムに関係する計算例1を示す。Calculation Example 1 related to the energy-saving drying operation program of the present invention is shown. 本発明の省エネ乾燥運転プログラムに関係する計算例2を示す。Calculation Example 2 related to the energy-saving drying operation program of the present invention is shown. 本発明の省エネ乾燥運転プログラムに関係する予測除水量Wと送風空気吸水可能量Eの関係を表すグラフを示す。The graph showing the relationship between the predicted water removal amount W related to the energy-saving drying operation program of this invention and the blowing air water absorption possible amount E is shown.

図1は、本発明における循環式穀物乾燥機1の前方上方から見た斜視図、図2は同後方上方から見た斜視図、図3は同正面から見た縦断面図である。循環式穀物乾燥機1は、穀物を貯留する貯留部2、乾燥風を通風して穀物の乾燥を行う乾燥部3及び前記通風を受けた穀物を機外に取出す取出部4を重設して構成し、さらに、前記取出部4には、取出された穀物を前記貯留部2に還流する穀物還流手段5を接続する。該穀物還流手段5とは昇降機5a及び上部搬送部5bのことを指す。前記上部搬送部5bの搬送終端部には、貯留部2内に臨ませた穀物分散装置5cを配設する。前記貯留部2は天井壁や側壁によって囲んで形成する。前記乾燥部3は中央に横設した熱風胴6と、該熱風胴6の両側に横設した穀物流下通路(乾燥室)7と、更に該乾燥室7の各側方に横設した排風胴8とを有する。そして更に、熱風胴6の一端開口部には熱風を供給するように熱風発生手段(バーナー)9を接続する。該熱風発生手段9から熱風胴6に供給された熱風は、熱風胴6、乾燥室7及び排風胴8のそれぞれに形成した有孔板を通風し、排風胴8の排風口に接続して設けた排風機10の吸引作用によって機外に排風されるように構成する。なお、乾燥部3における側板には張込用の開閉蓋3aが備えてある。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the circulation type grain dryer 1 according to the present invention as seen from the front upper side, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same as seen from the rear upper side, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view as seen from the front side. The circulation type grain dryer 1 includes a storage part 2 for storing grains, a drying part 3 for drying grains by passing dry air, and a take-out part 4 for taking out the grain subjected to the ventilation outside the machine. Further, the take-out part 4 is connected to a grain recirculation means 5 for recirculating the taken-out grain to the storage part 2. The grain recirculation means 5 refers to the elevator 5a and the upper transport unit 5b. A grain dispersal device 5c facing the storage unit 2 is disposed at the conveyance end of the upper conveyance unit 5b. The storage part 2 is formed by being surrounded by a ceiling wall or a side wall. The drying unit 3 includes a hot air wind tunnel 6 installed horizontally in the center, a grain flow passage (drying chamber) 7 installed on both sides of the hot air wind tunnel 6, and exhaust air horizontally installed on each side of the drying chamber 7. A body 8. Further, hot air generating means (burner) 9 is connected to one end opening of the hot air drum 6 so as to supply hot air. The hot air supplied from the hot air generating means 9 to the hot air drum 6 passes through a perforated plate formed in each of the hot air drum 6, the drying chamber 7, and the exhaust air drum 8, and is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust air drum 8. It is configured such that the air is exhausted outside by the suction action of the exhaust fan 10 provided. The side plate in the drying unit 3 is provided with an opening / closing lid 3a for tensioning.

前記取出部4は、前記左右の穀物流下層7の下端が交わる中央位置に横設したロータリーバルブ11と、該ロータリーバルブ11の下方位置に横設した下部搬送部12と、該下部搬送部12の両側部に横設した漏斗状の集穀板(ダッシュボード)13とから構成し、前記ロータリーバルブ11から繰出された穀物が前記下部搬送部12に集穀されて機外に搬出されるようになっている。なお、前記下部搬送部12の搬送終端側は前記昇降機5aの搬送始端側と接続し、搬出された穀物が前記昇降機5aに搬送されるようになっている。また、前記昇降機5aの側部には公知の穀物水分計15が配設してある。   The take-out unit 4 includes a rotary valve 11 that is horizontally provided at a central position where the lower ends of the left and right grain lower layers 7 intersect, a lower conveyance unit 12 that is provided horizontally below the rotary valve 11, and the lower conveyance unit 12. And a funnel-shaped grain collection board (dashboard) 13 installed horizontally on both sides, so that the grain fed from the rotary valve 11 is collected in the lower transport section 12 and carried out of the machine. It has become. In addition, the conveyance termination | terminus side of the said lower conveyance part 12 is connected with the conveyance start end side of the said elevator 5a, and the conveyed grain is conveyed by the said elevator 5a. A known grain moisture meter 15 is disposed on the side of the elevator 5a.

次に、前記循環式穀物乾燥機1の運転を制御する運転制御部14を説明する。該運転制御部14の一例を図4にブロック図で示す。該運転制御部14は、中央演算部(以下「CPU」という)19を構成するとともに、該CPU19とそれぞれ電気的に接続した入出力回路(以下「I/O」という)20、書き込み専用の記憶部21(以下「ROM」という)及び書き込み・読み込み兼用記憶部22(以下「RAM」という)とから構成する。そしてさらに、前記I/O20に電気的に接続した、乾燥運転ボタンや張込運転ボタン、張込量設定ダイヤル、仕上げ水分値設定ダイヤル等からなる運転操作ボタン23も構成する。この運転操作ボタン23には、通常の乾燥運転ボタンや送風運転ボタンのほか、本発明に関する省エネ乾燥運転モードボタンを備える。このほか前記I/O20は、前記穀物水分計15や熱風発生手段9、前記昇降機5aやロータリーバルブ11などの各モータ(図示せず)を駆動させる動力系駆動回路24、乾燥運転条件等を入力設定するための入力設定部18のほか、後述する外気温度センサー16及び外気湿度センサー17と電気的に接続してある。また、運転制御部14には時計機能も備えてある。   Next, the operation control unit 14 that controls the operation of the circulating grain dryer 1 will be described. An example of the operation control unit 14 is shown in a block diagram in FIG. The operation control unit 14 constitutes a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as “CPU”) 19, an input / output circuit (hereinafter referred to as “I / O”) 20 electrically connected to the CPU 19, and a write-only memory. The unit 21 (hereinafter referred to as “ROM”) and the writing / reading storage unit 22 (hereinafter referred to as “RAM”). In addition, an operation button 23 including a dry operation button, a tension operation button, a tension amount setting dial, a finishing moisture value setting dial and the like electrically connected to the I / O 20 is also configured. The operation operation button 23 includes an energy saving drying operation mode button related to the present invention in addition to a normal drying operation button and an air blowing operation button. In addition, the I / O 20 inputs the grain moisture meter 15, the hot air generating means 9, the power system drive circuit 24 for driving each motor (not shown) such as the elevator 5a and the rotary valve 11, and the drying operation conditions. In addition to the input setting unit 18 for setting, it is electrically connected to an outside air temperature sensor 16 and an outside air humidity sensor 17 described later. The operation control unit 14 also has a clock function.

また、前記運転制御部14の近傍などの任意の箇所に、外気温度センサー16及び外気湿度センサー17が配設してあり、これら外気温度センサー16及び外気湿度センサー17は前述のように運転制御部14に検出信号を送るようにしてある。   In addition, an outside air temperature sensor 16 and an outside air humidity sensor 17 are disposed at arbitrary locations such as in the vicinity of the operation control unit 14, and the outside air temperature sensor 16 and the outside air humidity sensor 17 are arranged as described above. 14, a detection signal is sent.

前記ROM21には、本発明の特徴構成である、いわゆる省エネ乾燥運転プログラム(図5)の一例が記憶してある。   The ROM 21 stores an example of a so-called energy saving drying operation program (FIG. 5) which is a characteristic configuration of the present invention.

作用:
次に、前記循環式穀物乾燥機1の作用を説明する。循環式穀物乾燥機1は、本発明の省エネ乾燥運転を開始する前に、前記入力設定部18から乾燥仕上予約時刻(乾燥仕上希望時刻)T0や乾燥仕上水分値、穀物の張込量等を入力設定するとともに、この外の設定条件を入力設定する。そして、この後、前記運転操作ボタン23の省エネ乾燥運転モードボタンを押すことによって、前記運転制御部14による前記省エネ乾燥運転プログラムの実行が開始される。なお、乾燥原料穀物はあらかじめ張り込み済みとする。
Action:
Next, the operation of the circulation type grain dryer 1 will be described. Before starting the energy saving drying operation of the present invention, the circulation type grain dryer 1 determines the dry finishing reservation time (desired dry finishing time) T0, the dry finishing moisture value, the amount of grain to be put in, etc. from the input setting unit 18. In addition to the input setting, the other setting conditions are input and set. Thereafter, when the energy saving drying operation mode button of the operation operation button 23 is pressed, execution of the energy saving drying operation program by the operation control unit 14 is started. It is assumed that the dry raw material grains have been put in advance.

ステップ1、2:
前記省エネ乾燥運転モードボタン(運転操作ボタン23)を押して前記省エネ乾燥運転プログラムを実行開始する。該省エネ乾燥運転プログラムを実行開始すると、まず、循環式穀物乾燥機1の循環系である前記穀物還流手段5やロータリーバルブ11、下部搬送部12等が駆動し運転が開始される。
Step 1, 2:
The energy saving drying operation mode button (driving operation button 23) is pressed to start execution of the energy saving drying operation program. When the execution of the energy saving drying operation program is started, first, the grain recirculation means 5, the rotary valve 11, the lower conveyance unit 12, etc., which are the circulation system of the circulation type grain dryer 1, are driven to start the operation.

ステップ3:
あらかじめ入力設定した前記乾燥仕上予約時刻T0を読み込む。
Step 3:
The dry finishing reservation time T0 input and set in advance is read.

ステップ4:
前記外気温度センサー16及び外気湿度センサー17で外気温度及び外気湿度を測定して各値を読み込む。
Step 4:
The outside air temperature sensor 16 and the outside air humidity sensor 17 measure the outside air temperature and the outside air humidity, and read each value.

ステップ5:
次に、前記外気温度値と外気湿度値を基にして外気飽和水蒸気圧及び外気水蒸気分圧を例えば、図6(a)に示した計算式によって求め、次いで、該外気飽和水蒸気圧と外気水蒸気分圧を基にして外気絶対湿度C及び外気飽和絶対湿度Dも求める。そして、さらに、該外気絶対湿度Cと外気飽和絶対湿度Dとに基づいて、外気絶対湿度Cと外気飽和絶対湿度Dの差を演算し、そのときの外気条件において送風乾燥(送風運転)した場合に1kgの外気が今後吸水可能な吸水量である送風空気吸水可能量Eを求める。これらの演算についても、図6(a)に示した計算式によって求めることができる。
Step 5:
Next, based on the outside air temperature value and the outside air humidity value, the outside air saturated water vapor pressure and the outside air water vapor partial pressure are obtained by, for example, the calculation formula shown in FIG. The outside air absolute humidity C and the outside air saturation absolute humidity D are also obtained based on the partial pressure. Further, when the difference between the outdoor air absolute humidity C and the outdoor air saturation absolute humidity D is calculated based on the outdoor air absolute humidity C and the outdoor air saturation absolute humidity D, and blown and dried (air blowing operation) under the outdoor air conditions at that time Then, a blown air water absorption amount E, which is a water absorption amount that 1 kg of outside air can absorb in the future, is obtained. These calculations can also be obtained by the calculation formula shown in FIG.

ステップ6:
次に、現在、調質運転中であるか否かを判定する。前記省エネ乾燥運転プログラム開始直後の当該ステップ6の判断においては、調質運転の外、乾燥運転(熱風乾燥:バーナー燃焼と送風)や外気による送風運転(送風乾燥:送風のみ)は行なっていないので、次のステップ7に進む。一方、調質運転中であるときにはステップ10に進む。
Step 6:
Next, it is determined whether the tempering operation is currently in progress. In the judgment of the step 6 immediately after the start of the energy saving drying operation program, the drying operation (hot air drying: burner combustion and blowing) and the blowing operation by the outside air (fan drying: only blowing) are not performed in addition to the tempering operation. The process proceeds to the next step 7. On the other hand, when the tempering operation is in progress, the routine proceeds to step 10.

ステップ7:
前記穀物水分計15で穀物水分を測定して値を読み込む。
Step 7:
The grain moisture meter 15 measures grain moisture and reads the value.

ステップ8、9:
前記測定水分値が、前記乾燥仕上水分値となっているか否かを判断し、前記乾燥仕上水分値となっていれば乾燥終了し、一方、前記乾燥仕上水分値に未到達であれば、次のステップ10に進む。
Steps 8 and 9:
It is determined whether or not the measured moisture value is the dry finish moisture value. If the measured moisture value is the dry finish moisture value, the drying is terminated. Proceed to step 10.

ステップ10:
このステップでは、送風乾燥(送風運転)時における予測除水量Wと予測乾減率dVを求める。前記予測除水量Wは、そのときの外気条件において送風乾燥(送風運転)した場合の1時間当たりに除水される水分量の予測値である。前記予測除水量Wは、図7に示したように、現在の外気条件に基づいて求めた前記送風空気吸水可能量E(ステップ5で算出済み)との関係において比例の相関がある。このため、前記予測除水量Wは、前記送風空気吸水可能量Eとの関係において実験的に図6(a)に示した関係式(計算式)を適宜作成し、これにより求めるようにするとよい。このとき図6(a)において、予測除水量Wの計算式における係数は単なる一例である。また、前記送風空気吸水可能量Eについては、図7に示したように、穀物水分値(籾水分)の高・低において変化し、また、穀物の張込量等に応じて適宜決定する送風量Qによっても変化するので、これらの項目も考慮に入れて前記予測除水量Wは求める必要がある。
Step 10:
In this step, the predicted water removal amount W and the predicted dryness reduction rate dV at the time of air drying (air blowing operation) are obtained. The predicted water removal amount W is a predicted value of the amount of water to be removed per hour when air blowing and drying (air blowing operation) is performed under the outdoor air conditions at that time. As shown in FIG. 7, the predicted water removal amount W has a proportional correlation with the blown air water absorption amount E (calculated in step 5) obtained based on the current outside air condition. For this reason, the predicted water removal amount W may be appropriately determined by experimentally creating the relational expression (calculation formula) shown in FIG. 6A in relation to the blast air water absorption possible amount E. . At this time, in FIG. 6A, the coefficient in the calculation formula of the predicted water removal amount W is merely an example. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the blowable air water absorption amount E varies depending on the grain moisture value (powder moisture) high and low, and is appropriately determined according to the amount of cereal filling. Since it also changes depending on the air volume Q, it is necessary to obtain the predicted water removal amount W taking these items into consideration.

一方、前記予測乾減率dVは、現在の外気条件において送風乾燥(送風運転)した場合の1時間当たりに乾燥される乾減率の予測値である。前記予測乾減率dVの計算は、例えば、図6(b)の計算例1に示したように、まず、現在の外気条件に基づいて求めた上記予測除水量Wを考慮に入れて1時間後の推定籾重量(推定穀物重量)Y(%)=23.7%を求め、次いで、測定水分値24%から23.7%を引き算することにより、計算例1の場合、予測乾減率dVは0.3%/hとして求めることができる。また、図6(c)の計算例2についても同様に予測乾減率dVを求めることができる。   On the other hand, the predicted drying rate dV is a predicted value of the drying rate that is dried per hour when blown and dried (fan operation) under the current outside air conditions. For example, as shown in calculation example 1 in FIG. 6B, the predicted dryness reduction rate dV is calculated by taking into consideration the predicted water removal amount W obtained based on the current outside air condition for one hour. Subsequent estimated drought weight (estimated grain weight) Y (%) = 23.7%, and then subtracting 23.7% from the measured moisture value of 24%. dV can be determined as 0.3% / h. In addition, the predicted dryness reduction rate dV can be similarly obtained for calculation example 2 in FIG.

ステップ11:
次に、乾燥仕上予測時刻T1を算出する。該乾燥仕上予測時刻T1は、前記ステップ10で算出した、現在の外気条件において送風乾燥(送風運転)した場合の予測乾減率dVと、乾燥仕上水分値とから求める。
Step 11:
Next, a predicted dry finish time T1 is calculated. The predicted dry finish time T1 is obtained from the predicted dryness reduction rate dV calculated by the above step 10 in the case of air drying (air blowing operation) under the current outside air condition and the dry finish moisture value.

ステップ12、20、21:
次に、このステップでは、前記乾燥仕上予約時刻T0から前記乾燥仕上予測時刻T1を引き算して、乾燥余裕時間の有無の判断を行なう。そして、この引き算によって求めた時間(乾燥余裕時間)がゼロ時間未満の場合は、送風乾燥を行なった際には、乾燥余裕時間は無く、むしろ前記乾燥仕上予約時刻に乾燥仕上げが間に合わない可能性があるので、この旨を警告報知(ステップ20)するとともに熱風乾燥運転(ステップ21)を開始して前記乾燥仕上予約時刻に乾燥仕上げを間に合わせるよう試みる。そして、該熱風乾燥運転(ステップ21)は、穀物が熱風乾燥によって胴割を生じない範囲内で高速乾燥(乾減率を大きめ)を行なう。一方、前記乾燥余裕時間がゼロ時間でない場合は、現在の外気条件において送風乾燥を行なっても乾燥仕上予約時刻までに時間的余裕があると判断し、ステップ13に進む。なお、前記熱風乾燥運転は、前記バーナー9を駆動して熱風を生成して穀物に通風して乾燥する運転のことである。
Steps 12, 20, 21:
Next, in this step, the dry finish prediction time T1 is subtracted from the dry finish reservation time T0 to determine whether or not there is a dry allowance time. If the time (dry allowance time) obtained by this subtraction is less than zero hours, there is no dry allowance time when air drying is performed, rather the dry finish may not be in time for the dry finish reservation time. Since there is a warning (Step 20), a hot air drying operation (Step 21) is started and an attempt is made to make the drying finish in time for the dry finish reservation time. In the hot air drying operation (step 21), high-speed drying (increasing the drying loss rate) is performed within a range where the grain does not generate a crack by hot air drying. On the other hand, if the drying allowance time is not zero hours, it is determined that there is a time allowance by the dry finishing reservation time even if blow-drying is performed under the current outside air condition, and the process proceeds to step 13. The hot air drying operation is an operation in which the burner 9 is driven to generate hot air, which is passed through the grain and dried.

ステップ13:
このステップでは、前ステップ12において時間的余裕があると判断された場合に、前記乾燥余裕時間がどの程度あるかを判断する。前記乾燥余裕時間が例えば4時間よりも長い場合には、乾燥余裕時間が長いと判断してステップ14に進む。一方、前記乾燥余裕時間が4時間よりも短い場合には、乾燥余裕時間が短いと判断してステップ19に進む。
Step 13:
In this step, when it is determined in the previous step 12 that there is a time allowance, it is determined how much the drying allowance time is. When the drying allowance time is longer than 4 hours, for example, it is determined that the drying allowance time is long, and the process proceeds to Step 14. On the other hand, if the drying allowance time is shorter than 4 hours, it is determined that the drying allowance time is short, and the process proceeds to step 19.

ステップ14、16:
このステップでは、前記ステップ7で測定した穀物水分値が18%未満か否かを判断すし、穀物水分値が18%よりも高い場合は、ステップ15に進んで送風乾燥するか否かの最終的な判断を行なう。一方、穀物水分値が18%よりも低い場合には、ステップ16に進んで調質運転(全停止運転、休止運転)を開始する。該調質運転により、バーナー9の燃焼及び送風機10の駆動が共に停止するので、灯油消費量の低減及び電力使用量の低減による省エネ効果を奏する。
Steps 14 and 16:
In this step, it is determined whether or not the grain moisture value measured in step 7 is less than 18%. If the grain moisture value is higher than 18%, the process proceeds to step 15 to finally determine whether or not to blow and dry. Make a good judgment. On the other hand, when the grain moisture value is lower than 18%, the process proceeds to step 16 to start the tempering operation (all stop operation, rest operation). Since both the combustion of the burner 9 and the driving of the blower 10 are stopped by the tempering operation, an energy saving effect is achieved by reducing the kerosene consumption and the power consumption.

ステップ15、17、18:
このステップは、ステップ10で求めた前記予測乾減率dVが所定の乾減率以上か否かを判定して、現在の外気条件において送風乾燥(送風運転)した場合に乾燥作用の進行程度を予測し、送風乾燥するか否かの最終判断を行なう。前記予測乾減率dVが例えば0.2%/h以上である場合には、送風運転しても現在の外気条件において乾燥作用の進行が確保されることが予測されるため、ステップ17に進んで送風乾燥(送風運転)を開始する。一方、前記予測乾減率dVが0.2%/h未満の場合には、送風運転しても現在の外気条件においては乾燥作用の進行の確保ができないことが予測されるため、乾燥仕上予約時刻を確実に守ること及び高水分の乾燥穀物にカビ等を生じさせることがないよう安全な乾燥を行なうことを目的にステップ18に進んで熱風乾燥運転を開始する。そして、該熱風乾燥運転(ステップ18)は、灯油の燃焼量等を抑えて低速乾燥(乾減率を小さめ)で行なう。なお、前記熱風乾燥運転は、前記バーナー9を駆動して熱風を生成して穀物に通風して乾燥する運転のことである。
Steps 15, 17, 18:
In this step, it is determined whether or not the predicted drying rate dV obtained in step 10 is equal to or greater than a predetermined drying rate. Predict and make a final decision on whether to blow and dry. If the predicted drying rate dV is, for example, 0.2% / h or more, it is predicted that the progress of the drying action is ensured under the current outside air condition even if the air blowing operation is performed, and thus the process proceeds to Step 17. To start air drying (air blowing operation). On the other hand, when the predicted drying rate dV is less than 0.2% / h, it is predicted that the progress of the drying action cannot be ensured even under the air blowing operation under the current outside air condition. Proceeding to step 18 for the purpose of ensuring time keeping and safe drying so as not to cause mold or the like in dry grains with high moisture content, a hot air drying operation is started. Then, the hot air drying operation (step 18) is performed by low-speed drying (decreasing drying rate) while suppressing the combustion amount of kerosene. The hot air drying operation is an operation in which the burner 9 is driven to generate hot air, which is passed through the grain and dried.

ステップ19:
なお、前記ステップ13において乾燥余裕時間が4時間よりも短いと判断された場合は、乾燥余裕時間がさらにどの程度短いかを判断して、熱風乾燥を高速乾燥で行なうか低速乾燥で行なうかを判断する。このとき、乾燥余裕時間が例えば1時間よりも短い場合には高速で熱風乾燥を行い(前記ステップ21)、一方、乾燥余裕時間が例えば1時間よりも長い場合には低速で熱風乾燥を行う(前記ステップ18)。
Step 19:
If it is determined in step 13 that the drying allowance time is shorter than 4 hours, it is determined how much the drying allowance time is shorter, and whether hot air drying is performed at high speed drying or low speed drying is determined. to decide. At this time, when the drying allowance time is shorter than 1 hour, for example, hot air drying is performed at a high speed (step 21), whereas when the drying allowance time is longer than 1 hour, for example, hot air drying is performed at a low speed (step 21). Step 18).

以上のステップにより、現在の外気条件において、乾燥仕上予約時刻(乾燥仕上希望時刻)に乾燥仕上げを間に合わせ、かつ、バーナー燃焼をできるだけ行わないで灯油燃料の消費量を低減して省エネ効果を得る目的で、送風乾燥(ステップ17)、調質運転(全停止運転)(ステップ16)、熱風乾燥(高速)(前記ステップ21)、熱風乾燥(低速・ゆっくり)(前記ステップ18)のいずれかの運転が選択・実行される。そして、この後、前記ステップ4に戻って、上記と同様の判断・処理が乾燥仕上り停止水分になるまで繰り返し行なわれる。これにより、外気温度や外気湿度の外気条件が変化した場合において、随時、前記送風乾燥した場合の前記予測乾減率dVを求めるとともに穀物水分値も監視し、例えば、乾燥余裕時間が長く又は短く変化したり、穀物水分値が低下等することに伴って、随時、送風乾燥(ステップ17)、調質運転(ステップ16)、熱風乾燥(高速)(前記ステップ21)及び熱風乾燥(低速・ゆっくり)(前記ステップ18)の各運転切換えが的確に実効されることになる。   Through the above steps, under the current outside air conditions, the dry finish is made in time for the dry finish reservation time (desired dry finish time), and the energy consumption of the kerosene fuel is reduced with minimal burner combustion to obtain an energy saving effect. For the purpose, any one of blow drying (step 17), tempering operation (all stop operation) (step 16), hot air drying (high speed) (the step 21), hot air drying (low speed / slow) (the step 18) Operation is selected and executed. Thereafter, the process returns to Step 4 and the same determination / processing as described above is repeated until the dry finish stop moisture is reached. As a result, when the outside air temperature and the outside air conditions change, the predicted drying rate dV in the case of the blast drying is obtained and the grain moisture value is monitored at any time. For example, the drying allowance time is long or short. As required, or as the grain moisture value decreases, blow drying (step 17), tempering operation (step 16), hot air drying (high speed) (step 21) and hot air drying (slow / slow) ) Each operation switching in (Step 18) is accurately executed.

以上のように、本発明は、現在の外気条件に基づいて送風乾燥(乾燥運転)した場合の予測乾減率dVを求め、次いで、該予測乾減率dVに基づいて正確な乾燥仕上時刻を求め、さらに、該乾燥仕上時刻に基づいて送風乾燥した場合に乾燥仕上予約時刻に間に合うか否かの正確な判断をすることができる。このため、乾燥仕上予約時刻を守る目的において、送風乾燥の選択が可能か否かを的確に判断することができる。また、上記で求めた前記乾燥仕上時刻に基づき、該乾燥仕上予約時刻までに乾燥余裕時間がある場合には、前記予測乾減率dVに基づいて、現在の外気条件で送風乾燥した場合の乾燥作用の進行予測の程度を確かめたうえで送風乾燥の選択・実行を行なうので、乾燥作用の進行を確保して効率的な乾燥が行なえ、かつ、灯油燃料の消費量の低減化となり省エネ効果が向上する。   As described above, the present invention obtains the predicted drying rate dV when blown and dried (drying operation) based on the current outside air conditions, and then determines the exact drying finish time based on the predicted drying rate dV. Further, it is possible to accurately determine whether or not the dry finishing reserved time is in time when the blow drying is performed based on the dry finishing time. For this reason, it is possible to accurately determine whether or not blowing drying can be selected for the purpose of keeping the dry finishing reservation time. On the basis of the dry finishing time obtained above, if there is a drying allowance time before the dry finishing reservation time, the drying in the case of blow drying under the current outside air condition based on the predicted drying rate dV Since the selection and execution of blow drying is performed after confirming the degree of prediction of the progress of the action, efficient drying can be performed while ensuring the progress of the drying action, and the consumption of kerosene fuel is reduced, resulting in an energy saving effect. improves.

本発明によれば、循環式穀物乾燥機において、外気条件に基づいて送風乾燥(乾燥運転)した場合の予測乾減率dVを求め、乾燥の進行程度を確認して乾燥仕上予約時刻を守りながら送風運転の選択を実行し、灯油燃料の消費量の低減による省エネ効果を得ることが可能となる。   According to the present invention, in the circulation type grain dryer, the expected drying rate dV is obtained when blown and dried (drying operation) based on the outside air condition, and the progress of drying is confirmed and the dry finish reservation time is observed. It is possible to select an air blowing operation and obtain an energy saving effect by reducing the consumption of kerosene fuel.

1 循環式穀物乾燥機
2 貯留部
3 乾燥部
3a 開閉蓋
4 取出部
5 穀物還流手段
5a 昇降機
5b 上部搬送部
5c 穀物分散装置
6 熱風胴
7 乾燥室
8 排風胴
9 熱風発生手段(バーナー)
10 排風機
11 ロータリーバルブ
12 下部搬送部
13 集穀板
14 運転制御部
15 穀物水分計
16 外気温度センサー
17 外気湿度センサー
18 入力設定部
19 中央演算部(CPU)
20 入出力回路(I/O)
21 書き込み専用記憶部(ROM)
22 書き込み・読み込み兼用記憶部(RAM)
23 運転操作ボタン
24 動力系駆動回路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circulating grain dryer 2 Storage part 3 Drying part 3a Opening / closing lid 4 Extraction part 5 Grain recirculation means 5a Elevator 5b Upper conveyance part 5c Grain disperser 6 Hot air drum 7 Drying chamber 8 Exhaust air drum 9 Hot air generating means (burner)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Air exhaust machine 11 Rotary valve 12 Lower conveyance part 13 Grain collection board 14 Operation control part 15 Grain moisture meter 16 Outside temperature sensor 17 Outside air humidity sensor 18 Input setting part 19 Central processing part (CPU)
20 I / O circuit (I / O)
21 Write-only memory (ROM)
22 Write / read memory unit (RAM)
23 Operation button 24 Power system drive circuit

Claims (5)

穀物の貯留タンク部と、
該貯留タンク部から流下した穀物を熱風通風して乾燥する乾燥部と、
該乾燥部における穀物を排出する排出部と、
該排出部から排出された穀物をバケット式昇降機及び前記貯留タンク部の上部の上部横搬送手段を介して貯留タンク部に還流する還流部と、
穀物水分を測定する穀物水分測定部と、
該穀物水分測定部で測定された穀物水分値が設定水分値になるまで乾燥運転等を制御するとともに、乾燥仕上予約時刻を入力設定可能にして前記乾燥仕上予約時刻に乾燥が仕上がるように制御する運転制御部と、
を備えた循環式穀物乾燥機において、
前記運転制御部は、運転中に、そのときの外気条件で送風運転したときの予測乾減率dVを演算するとともに、該予測乾減率dVに基づいて前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までに乾燥時間の時間的な余裕があると判断され、かつ、前記予測乾減率dVが所定値以上である場合に送風運転を行うことを特徴とする循環式穀物乾燥機。
A grain storage tank,
A drying section for drying the grain flowing down from the storage tank section by blowing hot air;
A discharge section for discharging grain in the drying section;
A reflux part for returning the grain discharged from the discharge part to the storage tank part via a bucket-type elevator and an upper horizontal conveying means at the top of the storage tank part;
A grain moisture measuring unit for measuring grain moisture;
The drying operation and the like are controlled until the grain moisture value measured by the grain moisture measuring unit reaches a set moisture value, and the drying finish reservation time can be set to be input, and the drying is controlled at the drying finish reservation time. An operation control unit;
In the circulating grain dryer with
During the operation, the operation control unit calculates a predicted drying rate dV when the air blowing operation is performed under the outside air condition at that time, and based on the predicted drying rate dV, the drying time is determined by the dry finish reservation time. A circulation type grain dryer characterized in that when it has been determined that there is a time margin and the predicted drying rate dV is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a blowing operation is performed.
前記運転制御部は、測定穀物水分値が所定水分値よりも高いときに前記送風運転への切換えを行い、一方、測定穀物水分値が所定水分値よりも低いときには調質運転に切換える請求項1に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機。   The operation control unit switches to the blowing operation when the measured grain moisture value is higher than a predetermined moisture value, and switches to the tempering operation when the measured grain moisture value is lower than the predetermined moisture value. Circulating grain dryer as described in 前記運転制御部は、前記予測乾減率dVが所定値以上のときは送風運転に切換える一方、前記予測乾減率dVが所定値未満のときは乾減率を小さくした乾燥運転に切換える請求項1に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機。   The operation control unit switches to a blowing operation when the predicted drying rate dV is a predetermined value or more, and switches to a drying operation with a reduced drying rate when the predicted drying rate dV is less than a predetermined value. The circulating grain dryer according to 1. 前記運転制御部は、乾燥中に前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までに時間的な余裕がないと判断したときには、乾減率を大きくした乾燥運転に切換える請求項1に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機。   2. The circulation type grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein when the operation control unit determines that there is no time margin before the dry finish reservation time during drying, the operation control unit switches to a drying operation with a larger drying rate. 前記運転制御部は、前記乾燥仕上予約時刻までに乾燥仕上げが間に合わないと判断したときには警告報知するとともに、乾減率を大きくした乾燥運転に切換える請求項1に記載の循環式穀物乾燥機。   The circulating grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the operation control unit issues a warning when determining that the drying finish is not in time by the dry finishing reservation time, and switches to a drying operation with an increased drying rate.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110856604A (en) * 2018-08-24 2020-03-03 浙江绍兴苏泊尔生活电器有限公司 Cooking appliance and appointment control method and device thereof

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JPS62186185A (en) * 1986-02-12 1987-08-14 金子農機株式会社 Method of drying cereal
JPS636381A (en) * 1986-06-24 1988-01-12 株式会社山本製作所 Cereal drier controller
JPH0213781A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-01-18 Yamamoto Mfg Co Ltd Controller for grain drier
JPH0464885A (en) * 1990-07-04 1992-02-28 Yamamoto Mfg Co Ltd Grain drying method
JP2009275984A (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Yamamoto Co Ltd Grain drying device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62186185A (en) * 1986-02-12 1987-08-14 金子農機株式会社 Method of drying cereal
JPS636381A (en) * 1986-06-24 1988-01-12 株式会社山本製作所 Cereal drier controller
JPH0213781A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-01-18 Yamamoto Mfg Co Ltd Controller for grain drier
JPH0464885A (en) * 1990-07-04 1992-02-28 Yamamoto Mfg Co Ltd Grain drying method
JP2009275984A (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Yamamoto Co Ltd Grain drying device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110856604A (en) * 2018-08-24 2020-03-03 浙江绍兴苏泊尔生活电器有限公司 Cooking appliance and appointment control method and device thereof

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