EP3269893B1 - Methode de fabrication d'une couche principale et d'un composite multicouche par pression comprenant des éléments en bois en forme de zigzag - Google Patents

Methode de fabrication d'une couche principale et d'un composite multicouche par pression comprenant des éléments en bois en forme de zigzag Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3269893B1
EP3269893B1 EP17180758.9A EP17180758A EP3269893B1 EP 3269893 B1 EP3269893 B1 EP 3269893B1 EP 17180758 A EP17180758 A EP 17180758A EP 3269893 B1 EP3269893 B1 EP 3269893B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
zigzag
shaped
core layer
wooden
Prior art date
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EP17180758.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3269893A1 (fr
Inventor
Achim Möller
Thomas Eckstein
Johannes Gräßer
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Wood Innovations Ltd
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Wood Innovations Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
    • E04C2/322—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with parallel corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3444—Corrugated sheets
    • E04C2002/345—Corrugated sheets with triangular corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3472—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets with multiple layers of profiled spacer sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24066—Wood grain
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24669—Aligned or parallel nonplanarities
    • Y10T428/24694—Parallel corrugations
    • Y10T428/24711—Plural corrugated components
    • Y10T428/24719—Plural corrugated components with corrugations of respective components intersecting in plane projection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compression-molded core layer, which has zigzag-shaped wooden elements, which is suitable for the production of a multilayer composite or in a multilayer composite, preferably for the production of a lightweight panel, as defined in independent claim 12, as well as a compression-molded multilayer composite, which the Has core layer as defined in independent claim 13.
  • the invention also relates to methods for producing the compression-molded core layer as defined in independent claim 1 and the compression-molded multilayer composite as defined in independent claim 2.
  • CH 254025 relates to a multilayer composite which has two cover plates and a core layer in between, the core layer having at least one layer of folded veneer.
  • the veneer is folded at an angle to the direction of the grain in the wood.
  • DE 42 01 201 which is regarded as the closest prior art, relates to semi-finished or finished products made of wood, which are made from plate-shaped elements.
  • the platelet-shaped elements can be designed in a zigzag shape. They can be present in a random distribution together with surface elements.
  • DE 10 2008 022 806 relates to a lightweight panel with a wave-shaped wood veneer layer.
  • the waves can be designed in a zigzag shape.
  • the core layer has a loosened structure.
  • a force is applied perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer composite, it has a damping effect, since the core layer can be at least partially compressed.
  • a disadvantage of these loosened core layers is that they can have poor homogeneity, which is caused by relatively large cavities in the core layer.
  • fastening means such as nails, furniture connectors or screws
  • these can encounter cavities in the loosened core layers.
  • This can result in limited stability of the fastening means in the multilayer composite.
  • This in turn can have the result that the stability of the multilayer composite on a carrier, for example on a wall, can be impaired if this is to be fastened to the wall with the aid of nails or screws.
  • the production of large-format core layers requires correspondingly large pieces of veneer in high quality.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a compression-deformed core layer and a compression-deformed multilayer composite containing the core layer and the method for their production, which provides improved stability with regard to fastening with nails, furniture connectors or screws or equivalent fastening means to a carrier, for example a Wall.
  • a compression-deformed core layer which is suitable for a multilayer composite which has at least one cover layer and the core layer, the cover layer being arranged in such a way that it at least partially covers the core layer and is firmly connected to it, as in Independent claim 12 defines, and the compression-deformed multilayer composite comprising the core layer, wherein the core layer comprises wood elements which have areas which are arranged in a zigzag shape, as defined in independent claim 13.
  • Core layer having zigzag-shaped elements made of wood
  • a core layer which is suitable for a multilayer composite which has at least one cover layer and a core layer, the cover layer being arranged so that it at least partially covers the core layer and is firmly connected to it, the core layer Has elements made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas which are arranged in a zigzag shape, a zigzag area of an element with an adjacent zag area of the element forming a common edge between them, such that the element zigzag shaped, and wherein elements in the core layer are arranged such that two such edges of two elements, which may be the same or different from one another, cross each other at an angle that is different from zero, the two elements being fixed to one another at the crossover point are connected.
  • core layer which is suitable for a multilayer composite means a core layer which is suitable for producing a multilayer composite or which can be present in a multilayer composite.
  • core layer means a layer which has a loosened structure, that is to say has cavities.
  • the core layer has elements made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas. These areas are arranged in a zigzag shape in the element, a zigzag area of an element with an adjacent zag area of the element forming a common edge between them such that the wooden element is designed in a zigzag shape.
  • the term "zigzag-shaped” is used synonymously with the term “zigzag-shaped”.
  • the zigzag-shaped elements are arranged in the core layer in such a way that two such edges of two elements cross each other at an angle which is different from zero. The two elements are firmly connected to each other at the point where the edges cross.
  • a suitable connecting means is preferably an adhesive. Suitable adhesives are known in the prior art.
  • cover layer means a layer of a material which preferably serves as a support for the core layer. According to the invention, the cover layer is arranged in such a way that it at least partially covers the core layer and is firmly connected to it.
  • the core layer can also be at least partially covered by at least two cover layers and be firmly connected to them.
  • the core layer is then preferably located between the two cover layers.
  • the cover layer can consist of wood or comprise wood. Other materials such as sheet metal or plastics can also be used.
  • cover layer can also completely cover or cover the core layer.
  • multilayer composite as used herein means a composite of at least one core layer and at least one outer layer.
  • angle other than zero includes that the angle is neither 180 ° nor 360 °.
  • element means a component of the core layer or of the multilayer composite.
  • platelet-shaped regions includes regions which are designed in the form of surfaces.
  • the surfaces can be flat or also uneven, preferably then corrugated.
  • elements made of wood which has platelet-shaped regions which are arranged in a zigzag shape includes a platelet-shaped wooden element which is shaped in such a way that it is in a zigzag shape, for example because the Plate is folded around one edge.
  • a plate can also be folded twice, in such a way that a zig-zag area follows a zig-zag area, which in turn is followed by a zig-zag area.
  • Such a plate can also be folded three times in such a way that a zig-zag area is followed by a zig-zag area, which is followed by a zig-zag area, which in turn is followed by a zig-zag area; etc.
  • Edges that are formed by zig-zag areas in a wooden element are aligned parallel to one another.
  • zig-zag area and "zig-zag area” are used interchangeably. Both the zig and zag areas are plate-shaped.
  • the invention also relates to a compression-deformed core layer in which wooden elements have repeating units of platelet-shaped zig-zag and zag areas which are adjacent to one another, the common edges formed between the areas preferably running parallel to one another.
  • Such an arrangement of zigzag areas means that the element is designed or shaped in a zigzag shape.
  • edge includes terms such as “transition area between a zig-zag area and the adjacent zag area” .
  • This transition area can be an edge which is sharply defined.
  • the term also includes an edge which is shaped like a curved surface.
  • edge includes a sharp edge in the form of a line as well as a wavy or undulating edge in the form of a curved plane or a curved area between a zig area and a zag area.
  • Such edges can be produced by folding a plate-shaped element made of wood.
  • the platelet-shaped element is then preferably designed as a veneer.
  • Suitable devices for folding are known from the prior art.
  • a platelet-shaped wooden element can be passed through a pair of high-speed profile rollers, as in FIG DE 42 01 201 described.
  • the folding is preferably carried out essentially transversely to the direction of the wood fiber.
  • the folding can be carried out in such a way that folding back of the zigzag-shaped areas in the zig-zag-shaped (shaped) element can at least largely be avoided.
  • the edge is produced by cutting.
  • wood is cut for this purpose by means of a suitable knife or a suitable cutting edge which is profiled in a zigzag-shaped manner.
  • Devices and methods are known from the prior art.
  • the folding or cutting is carried out so that the length of the fibers in the resulting wood element is at least twice as long as the thickness of a zig-shaped or zag-shaped area.
  • the term “thickness” as used herein means the smallest distance between two surfaces of a zig or a zag area. These surfaces are spaced apart from one another by the thickness of the platelet-shaped zig or zag areas.
  • the thickness of the platelet-shaped element is in the range from 0.2 mm to 2 mm.
  • the height of the zigzag-shaped wooden elements is typically in the range from 0.8 mm to 8 mm.
  • the term "height" is defined as the shortest distance between two imaginary planes between which the zig-zag-shaped wooden element can be arranged, in such a way that the edges, which between zig-zag areas and zig-zag areas of the zig-zag-shaped trained wooden element are formed, lie within one of these levels.
  • the thickness of the wooden element is in the range from 0.2 mm to 2 mm and the height of the zigzag-shaped wooden element is in the range from 0.8 mm to 8 mm.
  • the thickness of the zigzag-shaped wooden element is at most one tenth of the thickness of the core layer. This ensures sufficient homogeneity of the core layer.
  • the dimensions of the zigzag-shaped wooden elements in terms of width and length can vary. Preferred areas are selected from a range of 2 to 20 cm.
  • the zigzag-shaped or shaped elements obtained by cutting or folding can be further crushed, if so desired. Suitable cutting devices are known from the prior art.
  • the edge or edges formed by the zig-zag area or the zig-zag area or the edges preferably do not run parallel to the preferred direction of the fibers.
  • the fibers in two different wooden elements have the same preferred direction.
  • the fibers in two different wooden elements have different preferred directions.
  • the edge which is formed between a zig-zag area and a zig-zag area of the platelet-shaped wooden element, either does not run parallel to the grain direction of the wooden element, or runs perpendicular to the grain direction of the wooden element.
  • this embodiment of the core layer is also characterized in that one or more of the said edges runs or run perpendicular to the preferred direction of the fibers of the platelet-shaped wood element.
  • the direction of the fibers in the wooden element runs in the direction of the zigzag-shaped adjoining platelet-shaped areas and perpendicular to their common edges.
  • perpendicular to the fiber direction means that a deviation at an angle of approximately up to 30 ° is also possible.
  • the core layer according to the invention has first platelet-shaped wooden elements with zigzag-shaped areas and second wooden elements with zig-zag-shaped areas, wherein the first and second zig-zag-shaped wooden elements can be the same or different from one another.
  • the first and the second wooden elements differ in terms of their dimensions or the type of wood used. It is preferred that the wood fibers in said first and second elements extend in the same preferred direction.
  • more than 50% of the wood elements in the core layer are present in such a way that they are firmly connected to one another, a zig-zag area of an element with an adjacent zig-zag area of the element forming a common edge between them, and elements in the core layer so are arranged so that two such edges of two different elements cross each other at an angle which is different from zero, the two elements being firmly connected to one another at the crossover point.
  • the wooden elements are preferably in a random distribution in the core layer.
  • the core layer according to the invention has a higher mechanical stability compared to a core layer in which not all wood elements are firmly connected to one another.
  • zig areas can cross over with zig areas of other wooden elements in such a way that not the edges but areas of the areas cross or overlap, or said edges can cross or overlap with areas of the zig areas.
  • the core layer has flat elements in addition to the zigzag-shaped wooden elements.
  • the term “flat” includes terms such as “flat” or “flat or flat” or “flat or flat”. These planar elements can be selected from: wood, paper, metal, plastic, and two or more of them. These planar elements can be glued to said edges of the platelet-shaped wooden elements, which have areas arranged in a zigzag shape. If a region of said zigzag-shaped wooden elements is glued to said flat elements, the internal cohesion of the core layer can be further improved.
  • the zigzag-shaped wooden elements are made from veneer or from oriented strand board (OSB) chips.
  • the veneer is provided in the form of a sheet or in the form of strips.
  • the OSB chips are provided in the form of flakes which have elongated and narrow strands.
  • a method for producing a core layer wherein the core layer has platelet-shaped elements made of wood which have areas which are arranged in a zigzag shape, a zigzag area of an element with an adjoining zigzag area of the element form a common edge between them in such a way that the element is designed or shaped in a zigzag shape.
  • the elements are arranged in the core layer so that two such edges of two elements that are equal or can be different from each other, intersect at an angle other than zero.
  • the fixed connection is preferably carried out by means of an adhesive.
  • the two elements which can be the same or different from one another, are firmly connected to one another by flat elements selected from: wood, paper, metal, plastic, and two or more of them, the flat elements with the edges are in turn connected by a suitable connecting means such as preferably an adhesive.
  • the arranging of the elements in step (ii) can be accomplished by aligning the wooden elements, which can be done either by hand or by machine.
  • the firm bonding in the step (iii) can be facilitated by applying pressure which is preferably in a range from 0.02 MPa to 1.5 MPa, more preferably in a range from 0.01 to 1.0 MPa.
  • steps (i) to (iii) can be carried out in the presence of a top layer.
  • the method is then preferably carried out in such a way that the wooden elements provided with an adhesive are placed on the top layer in accordance with step (i) and aligned on this in accordance with step (ii).
  • This arrangement is then preferably covered by a further cover layer and pressed. This creates a multi-layer composite comprising two cover layers and a core layer located between them.
  • the core layer according to the first aspect or produced according to the method of the second aspect is preferably planar.
  • Multi-layer composite having at least one top layer and one core layer
  • a third aspect relates to a multilayer composite having at least a cover layer and a core layer, the cover layer being arranged such that it at least partially covers the core layer and is firmly connected to it, the core layer being a core layer according to the first aspect and the embodiments described therein or a core layer is produced according to the second aspect and the embodiments described therein.
  • the cover layer used in the multilayer composites can have a material selected from the group: veneer, wood board, chipboard, fiber board, plywood board, plastic board, plasterboard, sheet metal, fiber cement board, and two or more thereof.
  • the at least one cover layer is preferably flat, i.e. flat.
  • the at least one cover layer preferably has a square or rectangular shape.
  • the dimensions of the top layer are not limited.
  • the width and the length of the at least one cover layer are each preferably in the range from 0.50 m to 5 m, more preferably in the range from 1 to 3 m.
  • the side of the core layer which does not yet have a cover layer can then be provided with a cover layer, preferably by gluing to the cover layer.
  • a fourth aspect according to the invention relates to a core layer and a multilayer composite containing the core layer, which are not planar.
  • the core layer according to the first aspect or produced according to the method of the second aspect and the multilayer composite according to the third aspect are subjected to a step of compression deformation, whereby three-dimensional objects can be produced.
  • the core layer or the multilayer composite are deformed in a suitable pressing tool as defined in claim 1 and claim 2 in each case in step (iv). This deformation can take place during the production of the core layer or the multilayer composite as well as afterwards.
  • edges of the core layer or of the multilayer composite are deformed, preferably by compression. This makes it possible to seal the cavities at the edges of the core layer or the multilayer composite.
  • This compression deformation can be carried out during the joining of the core layers or the multilayer composite, but also after the joining of the core layers or the multilayer composite in a subsequent stage, for example by thermally softening the adhesive at the edges.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that sealing of the edges, for example by applying a wooden strip, preferably a veneer strip, can be omitted.
  • edge part of the core layer or the multilayer composite When compressing, there is the possibility of providing the edge part of the core layer or the multilayer composite with a convex profile, that is to say a rounded profile. This is often desirable for high-quality furniture components, for example.
  • not only the edge area but also further areas of the core layer or of the multilayer composite can be compression-molded in addition to or separately from the edge area.
  • a method of manufacturing three-dimensional wooden objects by compression molding is disclosed in DD 271870 and the DE 101 24 912 described.
  • the invention relates to a compression-deformed multilayer composite as defined in claim 13, which can be produced by a method which, in addition to steps (i) to (iii), has step (iv): (iv) compression deformation of the multilayer composite according to the third aspect.
  • the invention also relates to a compression-molded core layer as defined in claim 12, which can be produced by a method which, in addition to steps (i) to (iii), has step (iv): (iv) compression deformation of the core layer according to the first aspect and the embodiments described therein.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the multilayer composite according to the invention or the core layer according to the invention.
  • the multilayer composite according to the invention or the core layer according to the invention can preferably be used in applications which allow high mechanical stress at a relatively low weight and / or which require high damping capacity.
  • the multi-layer composite or the core layer is used in furniture production, for shelves, for packaging for transport, in interior fittings, in doors and gates, in or as chairs, and in vehicle and shipbuilding.
  • the multilayer composite or the core layer can be processed by cutting, sawing, filing and / or drilling using known methods.
  • the core layer according to the invention and a multilayer composite which has the core layer according to the invention, for example a lightweight building board, have a high resistance to pressure and stress.
  • the core layer according to the invention and the multilayer composite according to the invention produced therefrom are superior to the corresponding core layers or multilayer composites which are produced from industrial waste from chips and fiberboard.
  • dimensional changes in the core layer or the multilayer composite under the influence of moisture in particular dimensional changes in the direction of the thickness of the core layer or the multilayer composite, can be negligible due to the negligible dimensional changes in the wood elements in the direction of the fibers.
  • fastening means such as nails and screws or furniture connectors find a reliable hold in the core layer according to the invention and the multilayer composite according to the invention, since the structure of the core layer has only small cavities at a comparatively low density, i.e. it is highly homogeneous. A stable attachment to a carrier, for example to a wall, can thus also be achieved.
  • Fig. 1a shows a cross section of an embodiment of a multilayer composite 1.
  • the multilayer composite 1 is designed in such a way that it represents a lightweight construction panel.
  • a core layer 3 is covered by the cover layer 2. This is designed as a wood veneer.
  • the core layer 3 has wooden elements which are shaped such that a wooden element has two adjacent platelet-shaped areas which are arranged in a zigzag shape such that a zigzag area and the adjacent zag area form a common edge between them , in such a way that the wooden element is designed in a zigzag shape, with elements being arranged in the core layer in such a way that two such edges of two elements, which can be the same or different from one another, intersect at an angle other than zero, wherein the two elements are firmly connected to one another at the crossover point.
  • the resulting panel 1 is relatively light and has an aesthetically pleasing appearance due to the veneer cover layer 2.
  • the mean density of the core layer 3 is lower than the mean density of the cover layer 2.
  • the wooden elements which can be made from folded pieces of veneer, are arranged randomly within the core layer 3. They are connected to one another and to the cover layer 2 by an adhesive. As a result, the lightweight panel can withstand shear forces acting on the layers regardless of the direction of the shear forces in the main plane of the panel. This means that the plate has a homogeneous lateral stability.
  • the wooden elements are arranged next to one another and / or one above the other. This enables a dense filling of the core layer, which gives the panel high mechanical stability so that it can be processed further, for example by fitting it with nails and screws or furniture connectors. This also enables stable attachment to a support, such as a wall.
  • the wooden elements are arranged randomly in the core layer 3, but can also be arranged in a regular manner, that is to say in a predetermined manner.
  • the wooden elements can be arranged in the form of a rule in a group-like manner, i.e. in domains of sub-units of the core layer 3, the wooden elements of a first sub-unit having a first preferred direction and wooden elements of a second sub-unit having a second preferred direction, wherein the first sub-unit is preferably adjacent to the second sub-unit and the first preferred direction is preferably different from or at least partially the same as the second preferred direction.
  • a preferred direction can be defined by the edge of a zigzag-shaped wooden element, or can be described by a section of the direction of a wood fiber of a wooden element, or can be described by an edge, for example a section of the long edge of a strip-shaped wooden element (a strip that has been shaped to be zigzag) or by a connecting line between the edges of a zigzag-shaped wooden member formed by the zigzag-shaped areas.
  • the multilayer composite 1 according to Fig. 1a has only one cover layer, namely the cover layer 2.
  • a composite with only one-sided cover layer has a reduced stability compared to a composite with both-sided cover layers which surround the core layer in a sandwich-like manner. However, it can serve, for example, as an intermediate product for the production of a composite with cover layers on both sides.
  • Such a network is in Figure 1b shown.
  • Figure 1b shows a cross section of a preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite, namely a cross section of the multilayer composite 10 in the form of a plate.
  • a cover layer 2 and a further cover layer 2 '(a bottom layer) are provided, the second cover layer 2' giving the plate additional mechanical stability.
  • the visual appearance of the cover layer 2 ′ can be different from that of the cover layer 2.
  • Such a composite demonstrates in comparison to the composite Fig. 1a a significantly higher flexural strength and rigidity.
  • Figure 1c shows a cross section of a further preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite, namely the multilayer composite 100 in the form of a plate.
  • the plate has a cover layer 2, a cover layer 2 'and a cover layer 2 "and, in addition to the core layer 3, a further core layer 3'.
  • the zigzag-shaped wooden elements in the core layers 3 and 3 ' can be arranged randomly or can be arranged regularly, that is to say partially regularly (for example in domains) or essentially completely regularly.
  • the zigzag-shaped wooden elements in the core layer 3 can have a first preferred direction and the zigzag-shaped wooden elements in the core layer 3 'can have a second preferred direction, the first preferred direction preferably being different from the second preferred direction, or at least is partially equal to the second preferred direction.
  • Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 in the core layer 3, 3 'of a preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 Form edge 70 between them.
  • the arrangement of the zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 is random. Therefore, the contact surface 40 between adjacent wooden elements is a point 40.
  • the wooden elements When arranging and subsequent gluing, the wooden elements usually have point-like connection points 40 on the edges 70 intersecting at different angles. During the moderate compression, these connection points again partially press into one another by upsetting and thus enable the structure to be evened out. Depending on the degree of compaction, a high to medium proportion of voids remains.
  • the core layer is more anisotropic, which implies anisotropic mechanical characterization of the resulting plate.
  • the resulting structure is a random framework, the framework bars of which consist of parallel-fiber, high-load-bearing wood.
  • the upset, articulated rod connections are, as is generally known in trusses, not weak points, since a truss allows joints. Adequate bonding of the connection points is a prerequisite in order to be able to absorb longitudinal forces.
  • the very low swelling of the lightweight construction panel in the event of moisture changes is due to the To emphasize practically negligible swelling of the wood along the grain direction. This would make such a board superior to all other wood-based materials made up of flat-lying particles or layers of parallel fibers, such as chipboard and fiberboard, plywood or blockboard.
  • the zigzag-shaped wooden elements can be combined with admixed planar, i.e. planar, elements.
  • the zigzag-shaped wooden elements are preferably glued to the planar elements.
  • proportionally linear connection points arise between the zigzag-shaped elements and the planar elements and thus an increased transverse tensile strength of the lightweight building board.
  • Fig. 2a shows two components of a further preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 or a core layer 3, 3 'according to the invention.
  • the core layer 3, 3 ' comprises plate-shaped zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30, wherein the wooden elements 30 can have a plurality of edges 70 which are formed by adjoining plate-shaped zigzag areas 50 and 60, for example five edges 70 as in wood element 30 of the Fig. 2a .
  • a planar element 200 which is designed, for example, as a veneer.
  • Figure 2b shows that, according to an advantageous variant, a zigzag-shaped element 30 is glued in a first step to a planar element 200 of a similar or identical format, so that a regular and therefore very rigid framework structure is created in the wooden element 30.
  • the planar element 200 can consist of wood veneer, paper, cardboard or comparable, sheet-like materials.
  • the zigzag-shaped wooden element 30 and the planar element 200 form cavities 300.
  • This framework of the element formed from the planar element 200 and the zigzag-shaped element 30 is fully retained during the later pressing to form a light core. Alone at the connection points of these Lattice-shaped elements are densified locally depending on their location. A high proportion of void space 300 thus remains in the core, which cannot be filled by neighboring elements.
  • This embodiment defines a core layer 3, 3 'which is suitable for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 which has at least one cover layer 2, 2', 2 "and one core layer 3, 3 ', the cover layer 2, 2', 2 ′′ is arranged so that it at least partially covers the core layer 3, 3 'and is firmly connected to it, the core layer 3, 3' having elements 30 made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas that are arranged in a zigzag are, wherein a zigzag area 50 of an element with an adjacent zag area 60 of the element 30 form a common edge 70 between them, such that the element 30 is formed in a zigzag shape, and wherein elements 30 in the core layer 3 , 3 'are arranged in such a way that two such edges 70 of two zigzag-shaped elements 30 cross each other at an angle which is different from zero, the two zig-zag-shaped elements 30 being fixed at the crossing point are interconnected; each zigzag-shaped wooden element 30 being glued to a planar element 200
  • Elements according to Figure 2b having a zigzag-shaped element 30 and a planar element 200 can be present in a random distribution in the core layer 3, 3 '.
  • This embodiment defines a core layer 3, 3 'which is suitable for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 which has at least one cover layer 2, 2', 2 "and one core layer 3, 3 ', the cover layer 2, 2', 2 ′′ is arranged in such a way that it at least partially covers the core layer 3, 3 ′ and is firmly attached to it
  • the core layer 3, 3 ' has elements 30 made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas which are arranged in a zigzag shape, a zigzag area 50 of an element 30 having an adjoining zigzag area 60 of the element 30 Form common edge 70 between them, such that the elements 30 are formed in a zigzag shape, and wherein zigzag-shaped elements 30 are arranged in the core layer 3, 3 'so that two such edges 70 of two zigzag zigzag-shaped elements 30 intersect at an angle other than zero, the two zig-zag-shaped elements 30 being firmly connected to one another at the point of intersection; wherein the core layer 3, 3 'has at
  • the cavities 300 are formed by the zigzag-shaped regions 50 and 60 in the zigzag-shaped element 30 together with the planar elements 200.
  • Figure 2c shows that a zigzag-shaped wooden element 30 can also be glued on both sides with planar elements 200 with the formation of cavities 300.
  • This embodiment defines a core layer 3, 3 'which is suitable for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 which has at least one cover layer 2, 2', 2 "and one core layer 3, 3 ', the cover layer 2, 2', 2 ′′ is arranged so that it at least partially covers the core layer 3, 3 'and is firmly connected to it, the core layer 3, 3' having elements 30 made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas that are arranged in a zigzag are, wherein a zigzag area 50 of an element 30 with an adjacent zag area 60 of the element 30 form a common edge 70 between them, such that the element 30 is formed in a zigzag shape, and wherein elements 30 are in the core layer 3, 3 'are arranged such that two such edges 70 of two zigzag-shaped elements 30 cross each other at an angle that is different from zero, the two zig-zag-shaped elements 30 at the Crossing points are firmly connected to each other; wherein the core layer 3, 3 'has at least one zigzag-shaped wooden element
  • Fig. 2d shows that a plurality of zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 can be connected alternately with planar elements 200 to form cavities 300, a planar element 200 separating two zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 from one another.
  • This embodiment defines a core layer 3, 3 'which is suitable for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 which has at least one cover layer 2, 2', 2 "and one core layer 3, 3 ', the cover layer 2, 2', 2 ′′ is arranged so that it at least partially covers the core layer 3, 3 'and is firmly connected to it, the core layer 3, 3' having elements 30 made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas that are arranged in a zigzag are, wherein a zigzag region 50 of an element 30 with an adjacent zag region 60 of the element 30 form a common edge 70 between them, such that the element 30 is zigzag-shaped, and zigzag-shaped formed elements 30 are arranged in the core layer such that two such edges 70 of two zigzag-shaped elements 30 cross each other at an angle that is different from zero, the two zig-zag-shaped elements 30 at the Crossing points are firmly connected to each other; two zigzag-shaped elements 30 being glued to a planar element 200 in such a way
  • Elements according to Fig. 2d having a plurality of zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 alternating with planar elements 200 with the formation of Cavities 300, with a planar element 200 separating two zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 from one another, can be present in a random distribution in the core layer.
  • a planar element 200 separating two zig-zag-shaped wooden elements 300 from each other can be present together with elements 30, preferably in a random distribution .
  • This embodiment defines a core layer 3, 3 'which is suitable for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 which has at least one cover layer 2, 2', 2 "and one core layer 3, 3 ', the cover layer 2, 2', 2 ′′ is arranged so that it at least partially covers the core layer 3, 3 'and is firmly connected to it, the core layer 3, 3' having elements 30 made of wood, which have platelet-shaped areas that are arranged in a zigzag are, wherein a zigzag area 50 of an element 30 with an adjacent zag area 60 of the element 30 form a common edge 70 between them, such that the element 30 is formed in a zigzag shape, and in a zigzag shape formed elements 30 are arranged in the core layer such that two such edges 70 of two zigzag-shaped elements 30 cross each other at an angle that is different from zero, the two zig-zag-shaped elements 30 at de r crossover points are firmly connected to each other; wherein the core layer 3, 3 'has at least one element which has two
  • zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 together with elements according to Figure 2b and after Figure 2c and after Fig. 2d are present in the core layer 3, 3 '.
  • the elements are then preferably arranged or distributed randomly in the core layer.
  • zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 together with elements according to Figure 2c and after Fig. 2d are present in the core layer 3, 3 '.
  • the elements are then preferably arranged or distributed randomly in the core layer.
  • zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 together with elements according to Figure 2b and after Fig. 2d are present in the core layer 3, 3 '.
  • the elements are then preferably arranged or distributed randomly in the core layer.
  • Zigzag-shaped wooden elements combined with or without planar wooden elements, can also be mixed with conventional wooden material elements such as wood chips or wood fibers to form a lightweight core.
  • This glued mixture can be pressed into a light wood-based panel, which has a further increased homogeneity.
  • the applicability of existing technologies, e.g. chipboard production, is particularly advantageous, whereby panels with a very much lower bulk density than with conventional panel production are possible.
  • Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 'of the core layer 3, 3' on a cover layer 20 'of a further preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100.
  • the arrangement of the wooden elements is random, which implies an anisotropic mechanical characterization of the resulting plate.
  • a wooden element 30 ′ is a strip-shaped, zigzag-shaped element which has only one edge 70 between adjacent zigzag and zag regions 50 and 60.
  • a strip-shaped element is an element whose length is greater than the width, expressed by a factor c, where c is preferably between the upper and lower boundaries according to ⁇ 2; 3; 5 ⁇ ⁇ c ⁇ 3;5;8th;10; 20 ⁇ lies.
  • the element can also have a plurality of adjoining zig and zag regions, so that it has a plurality of edges 70.
  • Figure 5a shows a cross section of a zigzag-shaped wooden element 7 of a core layer of a further preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite according to the invention, for example the board according to the invention.
  • the edge section 7 'formed between a zig-zag area and a zig-zag area has a sharp edge.
  • the wooden element 7 has only one edge section, but can also have several edge sections, as indicated by the dotted lines.
  • Figure 5b shows a cross section of a zigzag-shaped wooden element 8 of a core layer of a further preferred embodiment of a multilayer composite.
  • the edge area 8 'does not form a sharp edge but rather a curved edge in the form of a curved plane which can extend up to the height H of the wooden element.
  • the wood element 8 has only one edge section, but can have several edge sections, as indicated by the dotted lines.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show a device with which zigzag-shaped wooden elements can be produced by folding.
  • Fig.6a shows the side view of the device used for the folding,
  • Figure 6b the view in the direction of travel.
  • veneer or veneer-like elements such as OSB chips with a production-related wood moisture content of at least 30% run into a cutting unit known from the prior art, the wood fiber direction runs transversely to the transport direction.
  • This cutting unit separates the veneer or the OSB chips into a band or wooden elements with a width of optionally 10 to 80 mm.
  • This band or wooden elements get into a profiling tool which, starting from the middle, presses in a zigzag profile across the direction of the wood fiber until the entire width is profiled.
  • the profiling tool is equipped with a heater, which heats the particles after profiling and dries them to the moisture required for further processing.
  • the springback of the profile is limited to a minimum.
  • the wooden elements After profiling and drying, the wooden elements pass through a roller gluing station, in which the folded edges are provided on both sides with preferably thermosetting adhesive.
  • the adhesive dries quickly on the still hot particles and is reactivated when the particles are pressed together later.
  • the profiled wooden elements are cut parallel to the direction of the wood grain into 8 to 80mm long parts. Edge sections with correspondingly smaller lengths are also used, as well as partial widths that arise when the veneer is cut.
  • the particles provided with adhesive are sprinkled on a prepared cover layer so that the particles are statistically distributed in terms of direction and position in the surface direction, comparable to other particle materials such as chipboard.
  • the plate is produced by pressing with moderate pressure, which leads to contact between the particle edges.
  • the hardening of the adhesive can be accelerated by contact heating, high frequency or hot air heating.
  • the profiling tool is unheated. After profiling, the still moist particles are glued with a moisture-curing adhesive based on polyurethane and the gluing of zigzag-shaped wooden elements and flat wooden elements. This gluing fixes the zigzag profile. This means that springback is ruled out.
  • the parts After gluing, the parts are separated into defined wide parts and finally the truss particles are pressed to form a lightweight panel.
  • a 0.6 mm thick, a wood moisture content of 30%, measured transversely to the wood fiber direction, a meter long and 50 mm wide in the fiber direction is zigzag-like in a grid of 5 mm and grippy profiled, 40 mm wide, heated roller 5 guided and, starting in the middle, pressed into the profile by a heated sliding shoe 6.1 following the central profile. This is followed by the sliding shoes 6.2, 6.3, etc., each pressing the adjacent profile into the veneer band until the entire width of the veneer band is profiled.
  • the gradual profiling starting from the middle guarantees stress-free forming.
  • 0.3 mm thick OSB chips with a length of 200 mm and a width of 30 mm are fed transversely to the transport direction into a cutting unit and divided into 40 mm long wooden elements. These wooden elements pass on to a profiling device according to Example 1, the zig-zag profile of which has a grid of 4 mm.
  • the further processing corresponds to Example 1. At the end of the processing, a finely structured and homogeneously structured lightweight wood construction panel with a gross density of 250 kg / m 3 is produced .
  • the particular advantage is that production can be largely automated.
  • a zigzag-shaped profiled and glued veneer tape according to example 1 is brought together with a flat veneer tape 24 mm wide and glued to it.
  • This glued band runs through a pair of gluing rollers in order to provide the profile edges or the outer surface of the flat band with glue.
  • particles After passing through a separation station, particles are in the form of a regular framework Figure 2b in front.
  • a lightweight wood construction panel with a bulk density of 180 kg / m 3 is produced during pressing.
  • Figure 7a shows the production of a zigzag-shaped wooden element by cutting with a knife 1000 from a block of wood 13.
  • the knife 1000 used in the production of peeled or sliced veneer or veneer-like chips is profiled in a zigzag shape.
  • Figure 7b shows the wooden element obtained, for example wooden element 30. This can then be comminuted, for example in a cutting unit.
  • Figure 7c shows a zigzag-shaped wooden element 30 of FIG Figure 7b , the zigzag profile being dimensioned so that the wood fibers 3000 have at least twice the length 4000 compared to the thickness 500 and thus enable good transverse tensile and shear strength.
  • the advantage of this variant is the production of profiled parts Parts in a single operation as well as the high constancy of the profiles.
  • the wood fibers, which run at an angle to the profile rods, represent a compromise in terms of their strength, as does the greater thickness swelling.
  • Figures 8a and 8b show in a further embodiment (example 4) a device for the production of zigzag-shaped wooden elements by cutting.
  • Figure 8a shows the side view
  • Figure 8b the top view.
  • a 400 mm high block of wood 13 is cut off by means of a zigzag profiled knife 1000 with a profile grid dimension of 5 mm profiled veneer 400 of height 11 of 3 mm.
  • the thickness of the profiled veneer (500 in Figure 7c ) is 0.5mm.
  • Scoring knives 12 are attached to the profile knife 1000 at a distance of 25 mm, which cut the resulting profiled veneer 400 into strips 25 mm wide and 400 mm long.
  • a knife disc chipper common in chipboard technology is equipped with zigzag profiled knives with a profile grid dimension of 3 mm, the set chip thickness being 0.3 mm.
  • the attached scoring knives have a distance of 20 mm.
  • the starting products are round wood cuttings, scrap rolls and other scrap materials.
  • the wooden elements produced with this chipper are processed according to Example 4.
  • a particular advantage of this technology is that it can be compared with the highly productive manufacture of chipboard, which results in a very cost-effective lightweight wood construction material.
  • a veneer peeling machine is equipped with a knife according to example 4.
  • the one from a peeling block The produced, appropriately profiled veneer web runs through a veneer dryer, a roller gluing machine and finally a conti press, in which a cardboard web is pressed on.
  • This track is then divided into 25 x 25 mm 2 wooden elements using known cutting units, which represent regular frameworks. After sighting and removal of unusable parts, these wooden elements are provided with glue in a glue drum and then pressed to form a wooden construction panel with a bulk density of 200 kg / m 3.
  • An advantage here is the usability of inferior wood assortments that are not suitable for the usual veneer production.
  • Fig. 9 shows zigzag-shaped wooden elements 30 ′′, which are produced by cutting with a correspondingly profiled knife, which do not have a constant profile thickness. These are characterized by increased compressive strength.
  • the cutting direction in the production of the elements can be changed with each new cutting stroke in up to 90 ° offset direction, whereby the geometry and thus the stability of the veneer pieces due to the fiber orientation changes. With a maximum difference of the cutting directions of 90 °, the produced "profiled wood element", depending on the cutting thickness, has a lattice structure
  • wood-based materials are particularly suitable as the starting material, which have approximately the same strength properties in different panel directions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
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Claims (14)

  1. Procédé destiné à fabriquer une couche de cœur de formage sous pression, comprenant l'étape (iv):
    (iv) formage sous pression d'une couche de cœur (3, 3') qui est appropriée pour un composite multicouche (1, 10, 100) qui présente au moins une couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') et une couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') est agencée de telle sorte que la couche de cœur (3, 3') soit recouverte au moins partiellement et se trouve en liaison solide avec celle-ci, dans lequel la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et en bois, lesquels présentent des zones en forme de plaquette qui sont agencées en forme de zigzag, dans lequel une zone en zig (50) d'un élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") et une zone en zag (60) avoisinante de l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag forment un bord (7', 8', 70) commun entre elles, et dans lequel des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag sont agencés dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte que deux bords (7', 8', 70) de ce type de deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, qui peuvent être identiques ou différents l'un de l'autre, se croisent selon un angle qui est différent de zéro, dans lequel les deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") sont solidement liés ensemble contre l'emplacement de croisement (40) au moyen d'une colle ;
    dans lequel plus de 50 % des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte qu'ils soient solidement liés ensemble, dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent selon une distribution aléatoire ; ou
    dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés de façon aléatoire dans la couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois ont, lors de l'agencement puis du collage, en règle générale des emplacements de liaison (40) ponctuels contre les bords (7', 8', 70) se croisant selon des angles différents ;
    et
    dans lequel les éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag présentent une direction des fibres, dans lequel le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) ne se déroule ou déroulent pas parallèlement à la direction des fibres ; ou
    dans lequel le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) se déroule ou se déroulent perpendiculairement à la direction des fibres ; et
    dans lequel le procédé avant l'étape (iv) comprend les étapes (i) à (iii) :
    (i) présentation des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag définis en bois ;
    (ii) agencement des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") de l'étape (i) de telle sorte que deux bords (7', 8', 70) de ce type de deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") se croisent selon un angle qui est différent de zéro ;
    (iii) liaison solide des bords (7', 8', 70) de l'étape (ii) au moyen d'une colle.
  2. Procédé destiné à fabriquer un composite multicouche de formage sous pression, comprenant l'étape (iv) :
    (iv) formage sous pression d'un composite multicouche (1, 10, 100) présentant au moins une couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') et une couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') est agencée de telle sorte qu'elle recouvre au moins partiellement la couche de cœur (3, 3') et se trouve en liaison solide avec celle-ci, dans lequel la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et en bois, lesquels présentent des zones en forme de plaquette qui sont agencées en forme de zigzag, dans lequel une zone en zig (50) d'un élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") et une zone en zag (60) avoisinante de l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag forment un bord (7', 8', 70) commun entre elles, et dans lequel des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag sont agencés dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte que deux bords (7', 8', 70) de ce type de deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, qui peuvent être identiques ou différents l'un de l'autre, se croisent selon un angle qui est différent de zéro, dans lequel les deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") sont solidement liés ensemble contre l'emplacement de croisement (40) au moyen d'une colle ;
    dans lequel plus de 50 % des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte qu'ils soient solidement liés ensemble, dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent selon une distribution aléatoire ; ou
    dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés de façon aléatoire dans la couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel ils sont liés par une colle ensemble et avec la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20'), dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés les uns à côté des autres et les uns au-dessus des autres ou les uns à côté des autres ou les uns au-dessus des autres ; ou
    dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés de façon aléatoire dans la couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois ont, lors de l'agencement puis du collage, en règle générale des emplacements de liaison (40) ponctuels contre les bords (7', 8', 70) se croisant selon des angles différents ;
    et
    dans lequel les éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag présentent une direction des fibres, dans lequel le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) ne se déroule ou déroulent pas parallèlement à la direction des fibres ; ou
    dans lequel le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) se déroule ou se déroulent perpendiculairement à la direction des fibres ; et
    dans lequel le procédé avant l'étape (iv) comprend les étapes (i) à (iii) :
    (i) présentation des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et en bois, lesquels présentent des zones en forme de plaquette qui sont agencées en forme de zigzag, dans lequel une zone en zig (50) d'un élément (30) et une zone en zag (60) avoisinante de l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") forment un bord (7', 8', 70) commun entre elles,
    (ii) agencement des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") de l'étape (i) de telle sorte que deux bords (7', 8', 70) de ce type de deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") se croisent selon un angle qui est différent de zéro ;
    (iii) liaison solide des bords (7', 8', 70) de l'étape (ii) au moyen d'une colle ;
    dans lequel dans l'étape (ii) l'agencement s'effectue sur la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20'), et dans l'étape (iii) les éléments sont également solidement liés à la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') au moyen d'une colle.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le formage sous pression selon l'étape (iv) s'effectue dans un outil de compression approprié, et dans lequel le formage peut s'effectuer tant pendant la fabrication de la couche de cœur (3, 3') ou du composite multicouche (1, 10, 100) que par la suite.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel des éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag présentent des unités se répétant de zones en zig et en zag (50) et (60), dans lequel les bords communs (7', 8', 70) formés entre les zones se déroulent parallèlement les uns aux autres.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la longueur (4000) des fibres (3000) d'un élément en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag est au moins deux fois aussi longue que l'épaisseur (500) d'une zone en zig ou en zag (50) ou (60) de l'élément en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit bord (7', 8', 70) est un bord aigu sous la forme d'une ligne ou un bord ondulé sous la forme d'un plan courbé ou une zone incurvée entre une zone en zig (50) et une zone en zag (60).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel l'épaisseur (500) d'une zone en zig ou en zag (50) ou (60) se situe dans la plage de 0,2 mm à 2 mm et/ou la hauteur H d'un élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag se situe dans la plage de 0,8 mm à 8 mm et/ou la longueur L d'un bord (7', 8', 70) se situe dans la plage de 0,5 cm à 10 cm, ou dans lequel l'épaisseur (500) d'une zone en zig ou en zag (50) ou (60) s'élève au plus à un dixième de l'épaisseur de la couche de cœur (3, 3').
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel chaque élément en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag est collé à un élément à surface plane (200) de telle sorte que l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et l'élément à surface plane (200) forment un ou plusieurs espaces creux (300) entre eux, ou
    dans lequel la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente au moins un élément en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, lequel est collé à un élément à surface plane (200) de telle sorte que l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et l'élément à surface plane (200) forment un ou plusieurs espaces creux (300) entre eux, ou
    dans lequel la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente au moins un élément en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, lequel est collé à deux éléments à surface plane (200) de telle sorte que l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et les éléments à surface plane (200) forment plusieurs espaces creux (300) entre eux, dans lequel l'élément en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag est entouré des éléments plans (200) en étant pris en sandwich, ou
    dans lequel la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente au moins un élément, lequel présente deux éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, lesquels sont collés à un élément à surface plane (200) de telle sorte que les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et l'élément à surface plane (200) forment plusieurs espaces creux (300) entre eux, dans lequel l'élément à surface plane (200) est entouré des deux éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag en étant pris en sandwich.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag sont fabriqués à partir de feuilles de placage ou de copeaux de panneau de lamelles orientées (OSB).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3-9, dans la mesure où ces revendications sont rattachées à la revendication 2, dans lequel la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') présente un matériau sélectionné parmi : feuille de placage, panneau de bois, panneau de particules, panneau de fibres, panneau de contreplaqué, panneau en matière plastique, placoplatre, tôle, plateau de fibrociment, et de deux ou davantage de ceux-ci.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la zone de bord et en complément ou séparément de la zone de bord également d'autres zones de la couche de cœur (3, 3') ou du composite multicouche (1, 10, 100) sont formées.
  12. Couche de cœur formée sous pression pouvant être fabriquée selon un procédé tel que défini dans l'une des revendications 1 ou 3 à 11, dans la mesure où ces revendications 3 à 11 sont rattachées à la revendication 1,
    dans laquelle la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et en bois, lesquels présentent des zones en forme de plaquette qui sont agencées en forme de zigzag, dans laquelle une zone en zig (50) d'un élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") et une zone en zag (60) avoisinante de l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag forment un bord (7', 8', 70) commun entre elles, et dans laquelle des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag sont agencés dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte que deux bords (7', 8', 70) de ce type de deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, qui peuvent être identiques ou différents l'un de l'autre, se croisent selon un angle qui est différent de zéro, dans laquelle les deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") sont solidement liés ensemble contre l'emplacement de croisement (40) au moyen d'une colle ;
    dans laquelle plus de 50 % des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte qu'ils soient solidement liés ensemble, dans laquelle les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent selon une distribution aléatoire ; ou
    dans laquelle les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés de façon aléatoire dans la couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans laquelle les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois ont, lors de l'agencement puis du collage, en règle générale des emplacements de liaison (40) ponctuels contre les bords (7', 8', 70) se croisant selon des angles différents ;
    et
    dans laquelle les éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag présentent une direction des fibres, dans laquelle le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) ne se déroule ou déroulent pas parallèlement à la direction des fibres ; ou
    dans laquelle le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) se déroule ou se déroulent perpendiculairement à la direction des fibres.
  13. Composite multicouche formé sous pression pouvant être fabriqué selon un procédé tel que défini dans l'une des revendications 2 ou 3 à 11, dans la mesure où ces revendications 3 à 11 sont rattachées à la revendication 2,
    dans lequel le composite multicouche (1, 10, 100) présente au moins une couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') et une couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20') est agencée de telle sorte qu'elle recouvre au moins partiellement la couche de cœur (3, 3') et se trouve en liaison solide avec celle-ci, dans lequel la couche de cœur (3, 3') est une couche de cœur (3, 3') telle que définie à la revendication 12, dans laquelle la couche de cœur (3, 3') présente des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag et en bois, lesquels présentent des zones en forme de plaquette qui sont agencées en forme de zigzag, dans lequel une zone en zig (50) d'un élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") et une zone en zag (60) avoisinante de l'élément (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag forment un bord (7', 8', 70) commun entre elles, et dans lequel des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag sont agencés dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte que deux bords (7', 8', 70) de ce type de deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag, qui peuvent être identiques ou différents l'un de l'autre, se croisent selon un angle qui est différent de zéro, dans lequel les deux éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") sont solidement liés ensemble contre l'emplacement de croisement (40) au moyen d'une colle ;
    dans lequel plus de 50 % des éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent dans la couche de cœur (3, 3') de telle sorte qu'ils soient solidement liés ensemble, dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois se présentent selon une distribution aléatoire ; ou
    dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés de façon aléatoire dans la couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel ils sont liés par une colle ensemble et avec la couche de couverture (2, 2', 2", 20'), dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés les uns à côté des autres et les uns au-dessus des autres ou les uns à côté des autres ou les uns au-dessus des autres ; ou
    dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois sont agencés de façon aléatoire dans la couche de cœur (3, 3'), dans lequel les éléments (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en bois ont, lors de l'agencement puis du collage, en règle générale des emplacements de liaison (40) ponctuels contre les bords (7', 8', 70) se croisant selon des angles différents ;
    et
    dans lequel les éléments en bois (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") en forme de zigzag présentent une direction des fibres, dans lequel le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) ne se déroule ou déroulent pas parallèlement à la direction des fibres ; ou
    dans lequel le bord commun ou les bords communs (7', 8', 70) se déroule ou se déroulent perpendiculairement à la direction des fibres.
  14. Utilisation d'une couche de cœur formée sous pression selon la revendication 12 ou d'un composite multicouche formé sous pression selon la revendication 13 pour la fabrication de meubles, pour des rayonnages, pour des conditionnements destinés au transport, pour des aménagements intérieurs, dans des portes et des portails, ainsi que dans la construction automobile et navale.
EP17180758.9A 2012-05-04 2012-05-04 Methode de fabrication d'une couche principale et d'un composite multicouche par pression comprenant des éléments en bois en forme de zigzag Active EP3269893B1 (fr)

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EP12003427.7A EP2660408B1 (fr) 2012-05-04 2012-05-04 Noyau présentant des éléments de bois en zigzag et composite multicouche doté de ce noyau
EP17180758.9A EP3269893B1 (fr) 2012-05-04 2012-05-04 Methode de fabrication d'une couche principale et d'un composite multicouche par pression comprenant des éléments en bois en forme de zigzag

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US20130316125A1 (en) 2013-11-28
CA2871956C (fr) 2019-01-15
WO2013164100A1 (fr) 2013-11-07
EP2660408A1 (fr) 2013-11-06
ES2643152T3 (es) 2017-11-21
CN104364453A (zh) 2015-02-18
RU2608088C2 (ru) 2017-01-13
EP2660408B1 (fr) 2017-07-12
HRP20171522T1 (hr) 2017-11-17
IN2014DN09148A (fr) 2015-05-22
BR112014027475A2 (pt) 2017-08-08
CA2871956A1 (fr) 2013-11-07
EP3269893A1 (fr) 2018-01-17
PL2660408T3 (pl) 2017-12-29
JP6336964B2 (ja) 2018-06-06
JP2015523916A (ja) 2015-08-20
RU2014148771A (ru) 2016-06-27
CN104364453B (zh) 2017-06-06

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