EP1943364B1 - Verfahren und anlage zur trockenen umwandlung eines material-gefüges von halbzeugen - Google Patents

Verfahren und anlage zur trockenen umwandlung eines material-gefüges von halbzeugen Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP1943364B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: temperature; quenching chamber; interior; quenching; semi
Prior art date: 2005-10-27
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Not-in-force

Application number

EP06793788.8A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP1943364A1 (de

Inventor

Bernhard Mueller

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Robert Bosch GmbH

Original Assignee

Robert Bosch GmbH

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2005-10-27

Filing date

2006-09-25

Publication date

2019-08-07

2006-09-25 Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH

2008-07-16 Publication of EP1943364A1 publication Critical patent/EP1943364A1/de

2019-08-07 Application granted granted Critical

2019-08-07 Publication of EP1943364B1 publication Critical patent/EP1943364B1/de

Status Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current

2026-09-25 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite

Definitions

the present invention relates to a method and a plant for dry conversion of a material structure of semifinished products according to claims 1 and 11.
a heating of the material is carried out in a temperature range of about 850 ° C, so that the so-called austenite structure is established in the material.
the components heated in this way must be quenched very rapidly to the intermediate stage tempering temperature in their entire body temperature, that is also in the interior of the components.
the intermediate stage tempering temperature in their entire body temperature, that is also in the interior of the components.
a temperature range of about 220 ° C in which the so-called bainite microstructure sets.
this temperature is only slightly above the so-called martensite start temperature to which the workpieces must not cool during the structural transformation process under any circumstances, as this would have massive disruption of the desired, particularly advantageous bainite microstructure result.
the patents US 5362031 and US 4009872 as well as the published patent application EP 0955384 A2 describe systems for the martensitic hardening of components.
the components to be treated in this case have a required for curing starting temperature before the quenching process.
the quenching process is carried out by gas quenching.
the quenching gas is circulated in the chamber and has an overpressure.
the component temperature is mainly characterized by the cooling capacity of the quenching gas, which can be adjusted only by regulating the gas circulation and possibly by the use of a heat exchanger within a tolerance band.
EP 0163906 A2 describes a system for rapid and uniform heating of components to a final temperature. A quenching process is not provided.
Perlite microstructure sets in approximately between 730 ° C and 470 ° C with prolonged residence of the material in this temperature range.
Another disturbance is the so-called continuous bainite range whose upper temperature range overlaps with the lower temperature range to form the perlite structure. Its lower temperature range, depending on the residence time of the material down to near the banitization area down.
a cooling time for the entire component ie both outside and inside the core, from 35 seconds to 40 seconds is considered necessary.
the present invention is therefore based on the object to improve a method and a plant for dry conversion of a material structure of semi-finished products.
heating and / or cooling means of a plant for dry conversion of a material structure of semifinished products according to the present invention may be formed as heating and / or cooling means of a wall defining an interior of a quench chamber, so that the inner wall of the Abschrecchunt at least partially heating and / or cooling surface comprises.
the temperature in the quenching chamber can be determined primarily and predominantly by the temperature of the chamber wall delimiting the interior space.
the quenching chamber is double-walled and filled with a heat exchange fluid.
the heating of the interior of the quenching chamber or even a possibly required cooling can thus easily by influencing the temperature of the heat exchange fluid respectively.
a regulation may be provided for this purpose, which optionally takes into account additional control parameters for keeping the temperature constant in the interior of the quenching chamber.
This procedure is based on the finding that the temperature of a sufficiently large mass is easier to stabilize, at least for a limited time, than a gas which is different during the quenching process and in part exposed to heat and in the interior of the quenching chamber or one of the quenching chambers flowing gas stream.
the time required for the quenching process and for the loading and unloading of the quenching chamber with the material to be quenched is considered as a limited time.
this contributes to the fact that the heating and / or cooling means of the wall of the wall delimiting the interior of the quenching chamber, at least approximately during the quenching process for the semi-finished products, impress at least approximately the temperature intended for structural transformation of the semifinished products.
the plant may in a preferred embodiment further comprise means for keeping the temperature constant, in particular in the quenching chamber.
a first means for keeping constant the gas temperature of course, the wall defining the interior of the quenching chamber. This can already cause a first temperature stabilization, both due to their mass and by their temperature impressed. Furthermore, an additional temperature stabilization can be achieved by a good heat-conducting property, via which it dissipates the heat input caused by the highly heated semifinished products during the quenching process from the interior of the quenching chamber to the outside.
such a means for keeping constant the gas temperature in the interior of the Abschrecchunt be a fluid with which the interior of the quenching chamber bounding wall is tempered.
thermal fluid or heat exchange fluid e.g. a heat transfer oil can be used.
a gas stream flowing through the interior of the quenching chamber is provided. This also ensures a rapid removal of the heat input from the interior of the quenching chamber, and for additional cooling of the quenched semi-finished by nachströmendes, appropriately tempered gas.
this gas itself can in turn be influenced in its temperature by a heat exchange fluid.
this gas stream can also be adjusted to the temperature provided for the quenching process and impressed on the inner wall of the quenching chamber. Possibly. can thus be tempered with a heat exchange fluid, and thus with a temperature control, both the wall of the quenching chamber and the temperature of the gas stream.
the plant may further comprise a refrigeration unit.
a refrigeration unit This may be, for example, a so-called regenerator, which is cooled relative to the intended quenching temperature with an energy content which corresponds approximately to the energy content which is introduced into the quenching chamber by a batch of semi-finished products to be quenched.
the cooling unit can preferably also be exposed to the gas stream flowing through the quenching chamber.
the cooling unit can have such a heat storage mass and / or consist of such a material that, during the quenching process, a temperature compensation of the comparatively lower temperature cooling unit with the temperature of the gas flowing through the quenching chamber approximately in the same time takes place, as the temperature compensation between the quenched in the quenching, higher tempered semi-finished and just this gas.
the surface of the cooling unit is designed in such a way that it fulfills the requirements just described. preferably approximately equal rapid temperature compensation for the batch of quenched semis and the cooling unit supported.
FIG. 1 a schematic structure of a plant 1 for dry conversion of a material structure of semi-finished products by means of a quenching chamber 2.
the heart of the double-walled quenching chamber 2 forms their Interior 4, which is loaded with a charge qurecking semifinished product 7.
a heat exchange fluid For adjusting the temperature of the interior 4 of the quenching chamber 2 and the quenching process of the semifinished gas is provided between an inner wall 5 and an outer wall 6 of the double-wall quenching chamber 2 as a heating and / or cooling means 3, a heat exchange fluid.
this heat exchange fluid 3 can be acted upon by a fluid circuit, in particular, is suitable for a pump 8 which can drive the fluid circuit, for example, according to the direction of arrow 9.
the wall 5 delimiting the interior can be uniformly tempered and adjusted to the temperature intended for the intermediate stage treatment. But this is also the located in the interior 4, and the quenching process for the semifinished causing gas adjusted to this temperature.
the temperature of the inner wall 4 delimiting wall 5 is now set precisely to this intermediate stage tempering temperature, so that it is reliably ensured that a tribedes, quenching semi-finished at any time falls below this temperature in the interior 4 and thus it is also ensured that no interference the material-structure transformation by falling below eg the martensite start temperature is possible.
the heating and / or cooling means of the inner space 4 delimiting wall 5 are designed so that they maintain the temperature provided for the structural transformation reliably at least during the quenching process for the semi-finished products.
the system may further comprise appropriate means.
Such means for keeping constant The temperature in the interior 4 may be, for example, the wall 5 delimiting the interior, a heat exchange fluid 3 which controls this wall 5, a gas flow flowing through the interior 4, and a heat exchange fluid which controls the gas flow.
such a gas flow to the interior 4 of the quenching chamber 2 can be acted upon via the gas line 11 with a blower 12 arranged therein.
the number 13 designates in this embodiment provided for the constant maintenance of the gas temperature, also arranged in this gas circulation heat exchanger.
An exemplary gas flow direction is symbolized by the arrow 14.
the fluid which controls the gas flow heat exchanger 13 can likewise be supplied by a heating and / or cooling unit 15 which already effects the heat exchange fluid 3 for temperature control of the inner wall 5 of the quenching chamber 2.
a cooling unit 16 which can absorb the introduced from the highly heated semi-finished product in the interior 4 energy quickly.
the gas flow flowing through the interior 4 of the quenching chamber 2 can be maintained substantially constant at the temperature intended for the intermediate stage coating, even with a larger mass of semi-finished products introduced.
this cooling unit 16 is introduced into the gas flow and flows around it in such a way that the fastest possible temperature compensation is possible by the heat absorption from the gas flow heated by the charge.
the cooling body 16 cooled down to a so-called regeneration temperature before the quenching process can absorb or compensate for the heat released by the charge during the quenching process, in particular if the surface, the storage mass and the material are good for one rapid heat absorption from the gas stream are formed.
a so-called regeneration temperature before the quenching process can absorb or compensate for the heat released by the charge during the quenching process, in particular if the surface, the storage mass and the material are good for one rapid heat absorption from the gas stream are formed.
tube bundles of correspondingly thick-walled copper which have both a rapid heat conduction and a good heat storage mass, are suitable for this purpose.
To increase the surface of the tubes can even be formed ribbed even to effect an even faster temperature compensation.
the cooling unit 16 is preferably operated discontinuously. This makes it possible to cool the cooling unit 16 exactly by the amount of energy that is introduced by the charge subsequently introduced as excess energy and is to be absorbed by it.
FIG. 12 shows a time / temperature diagram with a component internal temperature (BT-I) curve and a component outside temperature curve (BT-A). These two temperature curves meet approximately in the range of 220 ° C, wherein the component internal temperature (BT-I) is such that it passes through neither the perlite range P nor the range for continuous bainite (kB). Furthermore, it can be seen that the component temperature, ie the temperature of the semi-finished products, never drops below the intermediate stage tempering temperature of 220 ° C.
BT-I component internal temperature
BT-A component outside temperature curve
the temperature range of about 200 ° C represents the martensite start temperature range (M-ST-T), below which during the quenching the formation of the desired bainite material structure at least massively disturbing, if not impractical martensite structure in the Forming semi-finished products.
the temperature scale in this diagram ranges from 0 to 900 ° C, the time scale from 0 to 90 seconds.
a mean component temperature (BT), the bainitization temperature (B) and the temperature (RT) of the cooling unit, in this case called regenerator are plotted. From this it can be seen that a compensation of the component temperature (BT) with the compensation temperature of the intermediate material provided for the intermediate stage, here Bainitmaschinestemperatur, takes place approximately equally fast, such as the temperature compensation of the pre-cooled cooling unit 16, also with this Eisenfactvergütungstemperatur.
the cooling unit 16 reaches the bainitization temperature slightly faster than the components, which in turn ensures that the components can in no case be cooled below the bainitization temperature.

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Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Furnace Details (AREA)

EP06793788.8A 2005-10-27 2006-09-25 Verfahren und anlage zur trockenen umwandlung eines material-gefüges von halbzeugen Not-in-force EP1943364B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE102005051420A DE102005051420A1 (de)	2005-10-27	2005-10-27	Verfahren und Anlage zur trockenen Umwandlung eines Material-Gefüges von Halbzeugen
PCT/EP2006/066678 WO2007048664A1 (de)	2005-10-27	2006-09-25	Verfahren und anlage zur trockenen umwandlung eines material-gefüges von halbzeugen

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP1943364A1 EP1943364A1 (de)	2008-07-16
EP1943364B1 true EP1943364B1 (de)	2019-08-07

Family

ID=37441238

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP06793788.8A Not-in-force EP1943364B1 (de)	2005-10-27	2006-09-25	Verfahren und anlage zur trockenen umwandlung eines material-gefüges von halbzeugen

Country Status (8)

Country	Link
US (1)	US8715566B2 (ru)
EP (1)	EP1943364B1 (ru)
JP (1)	JP5222146B2 (ru)
CN (1)	CN101292050B (ru)
BR (1)	BRPI0617808B1 (ru)
DE (1)	DE102005051420A1 (ru)
RU (1)	RU2436845C2 (ru)
WO (1)	WO2007048664A1 (ru)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE102005051420A1 (de) *	2005-10-27	2007-05-03	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Verfahren und Anlage zur trockenen Umwandlung eines Material-Gefüges von Halbzeugen
US10320824B2 (en) *	2015-01-22	2019-06-11	Cisco Technology, Inc.	Anomaly detection using network traffic data
RU2690873C1 (ru) *	2015-11-11	2019-06-06	Ниссан Мотор Ко., Лтд.	Способ газовой закалки
KR102078915B1 (ko) *	2018-03-26	2020-02-19	정원기	담금질 장치

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DE3416902A1 (de) *	1984-05-08	1985-11-14	Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden	Verfahren und vakuumofen zur waermebehandlung einer charge
JPH03253512A (ja) *	1990-03-02	1991-11-12	Komatsu Ltd	高温高圧ガス冷却によるオーステンパ処理方法
DE4121277C2 (de) *	1991-06-27	2000-08-03	Ald Vacuum Techn Ag	Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur selbsttätigen Überwachung der Betriebssicherheit und zur Steuerung des Prozeßablaufs bei einem Vakuum-Wärmebehandlungsofen
JPH0835785A (ja) *	1994-07-21	1996-02-06	Shimadzu Corp	熱処理炉
JP3253512B2 (ja)	1996-02-29	2002-02-04	三洋電機株式会社	電子ボリューム回路
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DE19902032C1 (de)	1999-01-20	2000-06-21	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Temperaturregelung beim trockenen Bainitisieren
DE10044362C2 (de)	2000-09-08	2002-09-12	Ald Vacuum Techn Ag	Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl
JP2003129127A (ja) *	2001-10-23	2003-05-08	Taniguchi Kinzoku Netsushori Kogyosho:Kk	ホットガスによる熱処理品のガス冷却方法及び装置
US20060086442A1 (en) *	2002-03-25	2006-04-27	Hirohisa Taniguchi	Hot gas quenching devices, and hot gas heat treating system
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DE102005051420A1 (de) *	2005-10-27	2007-05-03	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Verfahren und Anlage zur trockenen Umwandlung eines Material-Gefüges von Halbzeugen
DE102005053134A1 (de) *	2005-11-08	2007-05-10	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Anlage zur trockenen Umwandlung eines Material-Gefüges von Halbzeugen

2005
- 2005-10-27 DE DE102005051420A patent/DE102005051420A1/de not_active Withdrawn
2006
- 2006-09-25 BR BRPI0617808A patent/BRPI0617808B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-09-25 US US12/083,278 patent/US8715566B2/en active Active
- 2006-09-25 JP JP2008537027A patent/JP5222146B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-25 EP EP06793788.8A patent/EP1943364B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-09-25 WO PCT/EP2006/066678 patent/WO2007048664A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-09-25 RU RU2008120627/02A patent/RU2436845C2/ru active
- 2006-09-25 CN CN2006800393610A patent/CN101292050B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
CN101292050B (zh)	2010-12-22
EP1943364A1 (de)	2008-07-16
DE102005051420A1 (de)	2007-05-03
WO2007048664A1 (de)	2007-05-03
JP2009513825A (ja)	2009-04-02
BRPI0617808B1 (pt)	2018-11-21
US20100001442A1 (en)	2010-01-07
BRPI0617808A2 (pt)	2011-08-09
RU2008120627A (ru)	2009-12-10
US8715566B2 (en)	2014-05-06
CN101292050A (zh)	2008-10-22
JP5222146B2 (ja)	2013-06-26
RU2436845C2 (ru)	2011-12-20

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