EP1250493B1 - Appareil de travail guide manuellement a reglage automatique de la vitesse de rotation - Google Patents

Appareil de travail guide manuellement a reglage automatique de la vitesse de rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1250493B1
EP1250493B1 EP01903670A EP01903670A EP1250493B1 EP 1250493 B1 EP1250493 B1 EP 1250493B1 EP 01903670 A EP01903670 A EP 01903670A EP 01903670 A EP01903670 A EP 01903670A EP 1250493 B1 EP1250493 B1 EP 1250493B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotational speed
safety
sensor
motor
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01903670A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1250493A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Steffen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker Construction Equipment AG filed Critical Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Publication of EP1250493A1 publication Critical patent/EP1250493A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/30—Tamping or vibrating apparatus other than rollers ; Devices for ramming individual paving elements
    • E01C19/34—Power-driven rammers or tampers, e.g. air-hammer impacted shoes for ramming stone-sett paving; Hand-actuated ramming or tamping machines, e.g. tampers with manually hoisted dropping weight
    • E01C19/35—Hand-held or hand-guided tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B17/00—Engines characterised by means for effecting stratification of charge in cylinders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-held implement.
  • Such an implement such as. B. a vibratory rammer for soil compaction or a hammer, has a gasoline engine to drive it, occasionally but also a diesel or electric motor.
  • the engine will - if no electric starter is provided - usually by actuation the pull rope of a reversing starter. For this, the operator holds z. B. the pounder with one hand while holding the other with the other Pull rope pulls. Since to start the engine's throttle control mostly at full throttle must be asked. the engine runs at high speed immediately, which is often even above the operating speed. This will a centrifugal clutch coupling the engine with the ramming system is closed, whereby the ramming system is put into operation.
  • WO96 / 18067 A is a hand-guided lawn mower with a motor and a guide handle with a sensor device for detection an operator's hands on the guide handle and generating a corresponding one Handle signal known.
  • a safety controller evaluates the handle signal turns off and stops the motor when the handle signal is missing. The engine can only be started if the handle signal is present.
  • FR-A-2 496 172 is a safety controller for a working device known with an engine.
  • sensors are provided, one of which at least one must be operated so that the engine speed of an idle speed can be increased to a maximum speed. If If none of the sensors are actuated, the engine speed remains at the idling speed limited, even if an accelerator lever is operated by the operator becomes.
  • the device allows the engine to be operated by the operator does not have to manually decrease the engine speed when it is off removed from the implement.
  • a device for control the speed of an internal combustion engine in a on a handle feasible implement proposed in which a detection device has a sensor system on the handle with which it can be automatically recognized, whether the implement is properly guided. If an improper one Leadership is determined, the detection device only leaves a setting of the engine speed to a safety speed below an operating number of the internal combustion engine. The safety speed is below a switch-on speed at which z. B. a centrifugal clutch a rammer engages.
  • the basic idea described in DE 198 34 443 is intended by the present Invention to be further developed.
  • the invention is therefore the object based on specifying a hand-held implement, the dangerous Working conditions avoided due to uncontrolled increases in engine speed and that enables convenient operation.
  • a sensor device for Detect an operator's hands and generate an appropriate one Handle signal provided in a guide handle of the implement. Furthermore, a safety controller for Evaluating the handle signal of the sensor device, recognizing one Starting the engine and controlling a speed setting device provided, the speed setting according to the following rules: When the engine is started, the speed increases only up to a safety speed approved below the operating speed. After a through the time period detected by the safety controller there is an increase in speed approved up to the operating speed, d. that is, the previous speed limit will be annulled. In the absence of the handle signal, e.g. B. if the operator releases the handle, a limit is set immediately the engine speed to the safety speed.
  • the second embodiment of the invention is based on claim 2 basically on the same principle as the first embodiment, wherein the sensor device on the guide handle, however, at least two Has sensor elements, each assigned to a hand of the operator are and each generate a sensor signal upon detection of the associated hand.
  • the sensor signals are evaluated in a safety controller, a starting process of the engine is recognized and a speed setting device of the motor, the rules relevant for the control are slightly modified compared to the first embodiment: when starting the motor will also only increase the speed up to the safety speed authorized. A speed increase beyond the safety speed is only possible if both sensor signals are present, i.e. if the Operator holds the guide handle with both hands. In the presence of only one sensor signal does not influence the current speed, d. that is, the previously set speed is maintained.
  • the engine turns consequently still with safety speed, a speed increase to operating speed can only take place if the operator has the handle with holds both hands. Otherwise the safety speed is maintained. is however, if the engine is already at operating speed, it will too held when the operator removes a hand from the guide handle and only guides the implement with the other hand. In the absence The speed is limited to the safety speed by both sensor signals.
  • Pressure-sensitive, optical, capacitive or ultrasonic sensors are suitable as sensor elements.
  • Motor can be switched off by the safety control if one by one Switch-off timer detectable predetermined period of time has expired.
  • the Switch-off timer is triggered in the absence of both sensor signals. In in practice this means that the implement switches itself off when the operator does not have his hands on the guide handle for the predetermined period Has. Thus, the operator does not have to switch off the Work equipment and unnecessary and environmentally harmful idling of the implement is avoided.
  • the speed setting device an ignition device of the engine, the at least has two maps.
  • a first map is for normal operation the engine is provided, in which the engine speed of a position of a Throttle control lever corresponds.
  • the second map applies in a lower one Speed range the same, but with the engine speed at the safety speed is limited. The safety speed is exceeded locked out.
  • the safety controller then controls the ignition device by switching between the two maps.
  • the above-mentioned first embodiment of the invention is a technical one simpler variant. Your description becomes a later one Rescheduled time using a comparison with the second embodiment. Therefore, the second embodiment of the invention is first based on the schematic representation in Fig. 1 using the example of a vibration rammer explained for soil compaction.
  • the tamper is on a bow-shaped, for example Guide handle 1 held and guided by the operator with both hands.
  • the guide handle 1 is in a left grip area 2 for the left hand and divided into a right grip area 3 for the right hand.
  • In the at least one sensor element is provided in each of the two grip areas 2, 3, that detects the presence of the associated hand.
  • sensor elements are particularly suitable for pressure-sensitive and optical sensors capacitive or ultrasonic sensors are also possible.
  • a pressure sensitive The sensor detects the operator's hand if it at least rests on the guide handle 1.
  • suitable arrangement e.g. B. also from multiple sensors it is possible to reliably detect that the hand not only abuts the guide handle 1, but also with some Power includes and thus holds securely.
  • Optical sensors e.g. B. photocells or other light-sensitive elements, in contrast, can also be used in such a way that an approximation the operator's hand is grasped. For certain purposes this can be more appropriate.
  • Each of the sensors generates a sensor signal that leads to a via lines 4, 5 Safety controller 6 is performed.
  • more than two sensor elements possibly in more than two grip areas or zones of the Guide handle 1 are provided.
  • the number of sensibly sensor elements to be used also depends on whether the sensor elements appear more flat (pressure-sensitive sensors) or selective (photocells).
  • the safety controller 6 evaluates the sensor signals of the sensor elements out. In addition, it is able to recognize the starting process of the engine. For this purpose, an additional sensor, not shown in FIG. 1, can be provided be, which detects an increase in engine speed from zero. alternative an ignition device 7 of the engine can also be monitored for this purpose, which also draw conclusions about the engine speed based on the ignition timing allowed. Also the provision of energy in the ignition device 7 is an indication that the engine has started.
  • the safety controller 6 controls the one serving as the speed setting device Ignition device 7 according to predetermined rules that continue are explained in more detail below.
  • the ignition device 7 is a general in the example described well-known magnetic high-voltage capacitor ignition (MHKZ), the static is attached to the motor housing and by one in a, not shown Fan wheel of the motor cast two-pole magnet 8 excited becomes. From the energy gained and the information about the Period of the engine, the ignition device 7 determines the ignition timing of the Engine, which is stored in a map, for each load of the engine defines the optimal ignition angle, and generates a spark plug 9 Spark. If the optimal engine speed is exceeded, the Ignition device 7 according to the map, the ignition timing, whereby there is no further increase in speed. If the engine speed increases - z. B. due to decreasing load - still on, the ignition device 7 in addition to the late setting, turn off the ignition pulses until the engine works again in the desired speed range.
  • MHKZ magnetic high-voltage capacitor ignition
  • the corresponding Activation by the safety controller 6 via a control line 10 is activated and the engine by bringing the control end forward limited a speed below the operating speed. This speed limit takes place regardless of the position of a gas control lever which the operator can influence the speed in the usual way.
  • the vibratory tamper is usually equipped with a centrifugal clutch, a certain switching speed of which is required for switching on.
  • the normal operating speed for operating the rammer is typically 4500 min -1 above the switching speed, while an idling speed (e.g. 3000 min -1 ) is below the switching speed.
  • the idle speed is referred to as the safety speed because there is no tamping movement that may endanger the operator or other persons, and the device is therefore at rest, if you disregard the engine that is idling.
  • the energy generated by the magnetic excitation in the ignition device 7 is sufficient to also supply the safety controller 6 with energy, once the engine is running.
  • an energy line 11 of the Ignition device 7 for safety control 6 is provided.
  • the speed limit through the safety controller 6 by switching the in the ignition device 7 stored maps it is in one variant the invention possible, the speed control by means of a servo make that is coupled to the throttle control lever.
  • Another one Variant of the invention can the position of the throttle in the carburetor to influence speed to be changed.
  • the safety controller 6 is able to switch the ignition device 7 on Switch off the shutdown line 12 so that the engine stops immediately remains. This can e.g. B. then be useful when the safety controller 6 over a longer period of time (e.g. 10 s) detects that no hand rests on the guide bracket 1.
  • step S1 the operator stops the tamper with one hand Guide handle 1, while it is not one in Fig. 1 with the free hand shown reversing starter operated until the tamper runs.
  • the engine starts up and thus switches on the centrifugal clutch is thus prevented.
  • step S4 If it is determined in step S4 that the engine has not started, or has been switched off again, the program flow stops. If, however, the Engine runs at safety speed, it is checked in step S5 whether a predetermined Time (tmax) has expired. The time is given by an in Step S2 triggered off timer detected. If the given period of time tmax is exceeded, the tamper is switched off.
  • tmax a predetermined Time
  • step S6 it is checked in step S6 based on the sensor signals whether the guide handle 1 is gripped with both hands. This is not the case, the engine remains at safety speed (step S3) and the check the elapsed time - without any further operation on the guide handle 1 has been carried out - takes place again in step S5.
  • Step S7 When embracing the two handle halves 2, 3 of the guide handle 1 switches the safety controller 6 in step S6 to the standard map (Step S7) so that the engine is set to that specified by the throttle control lever Operating speed revs up. This closes the centrifugal clutch and the ramming system works as requested by the operator. There the operator is holding the tamper with both hands at this time. is ensures safe guidance.
  • the switch-off timer is triggered again in step S8, so that the measuring period begins again.
  • step S 10 A query as to whether the tamper has been switched off takes place in step S9.
  • step S 10 the sensor signals of the sensor elements are queried and evaluated so that it can be determined whether the guide handle 1 is still held with both hands. If this is the case, the program loop runs continue with step S7 with unchanged engine speed. The Switch-off timer is triggered again in step S8.
  • Step S11 checked whether there is one-handed guidance, if only one Sensor signal is present. If this is the case, it has no effect on the Engine speed (step S7). The switch-off timer is then also in step S8 triggered again and again.
  • step S11 When both handle halves are released, i.e. not even one-handed guidance, the program branches from step S11 to step S12, where the switch-off timer triggered again and then a switch to in step S3 the second map takes place, whereby the engine speed by adjusting the Ignition timing and omitting the ignition pulses until reaching the safety speed below the engagement speed of the centrifugal clutch decreases.
  • An immediate break in the mechanical connection between drive motor shaft and ramming system is the result.
  • step S6 the engine speed changes based on the decision in step S6 Not.
  • the control map remains active because of step S3, and the tamper waits with the engine running, but without mechanical activity of the ramming system.
  • step S6 Only when in step S6 embracing both handle halves 2, 3 with both hands is detected, the rammer resumes its work immediately.
  • first embodiment of the invention is only a sensor for the entire guide handle 1 is provided, the generates a sensor signal serving as a handle signal if at least a hand touches or embraces the guide handle 1.
  • a Speed increase only permitted up to the safety speed.
  • a timer is triggered. After expiry of a predetermined by the timer Time period (e.g. 5 s) and presence of the handle signal allowed the safety controller increases the speed above the safety speed out. If the handle signal is no longer present, the engine speed immediately limited to the safety speed again. A turn up the motor is only possible if at least one hand on Guide handle 1 rests.
  • the invention can not only be very advantageous in the vibration rammer described use, but also with other motor-driven tools, such as vibratory plates, rollers, hammers and chainsaws.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Outil guidé manuellement comportant :
    un moteur;
    un dispositif de réglage de vitesse de rotation (7) pour le moteur afin de régler au moins une vitesse de rotation de fonctionnement et une vitesse de rotation de sécurité inférieure à la vitesse de rotation de fonctionnement ;
    au moins une poignée de guidage (1) avec un dispositif à capteur pour détecter les mains d'un utilisateur sur la poignée de guidage et pour produire un signal de poignée correspondant ; et comportant
    une commande de sécurité (6) pour exploiter le signal de poignée du dispositif à capteur, reconnaítre un processus de démarrage du moteur et commander le dispositif de réglage de vitesse de rotation conformément aux règles suivantes :
    au démarrage du moteur, augmentation de la vitesse de rotation seulement jusqu'à la vitesse de rotation de sécurité et déclenchement d'une minuterie ;
    à l'expiration d'un intervalle de temps prédéfini par la minuterie depuis le démarrage du moteur et en présence du signal de poignée, autorisation d'augmentation de la vitesse de rotation au-delà de la vitesse de rotation de sécurité ;
    en l'absence du signal de poignée, limitation de la vitesse de rotation à la vitesse de rotation de sécurité.
  2. Outil guidé manuellement comportant :
    un moteur ;
    un dispositif de réglage de vitesse de rotation (7) pour le moteur afin de régler au moins une vitesse de rotation de fonctionnement et une vitesse de rotation de sécurité inférieure à la vitesse de rotation de fonctionnement ;
    au moins une poignée de guidage (1) avec un dispositif à capteur pour détecter les mains d'un utilisateur sur la poignée de guidage dans lequel
    le dispositif à capteur comporte au moins deux éléments de détection pouvant être affectés chacun à une main de l'utilisateur sur la poignée de guidage, lesquels produisent chacun un signal de capteur correspondant en cas de détection de la main ;
    les signaux des capteurs sont acheminés jusqu'à une commande de sécurité (6) ; et dans lequel
    la commande de sécurité (6) est conçue pour évaluer les signaux des éléments de détection, reconnaítre un processus de démarrage du moteur et commander le dispositif de réglage de la vitesse de rotation conformément aux règles suivantes :
    au démarrage du moteur, augmentation de la vitesse de rotation seulement jusqu'à la vitesse de rotation de sécurité ;
    en présence des deux signaux des capteurs, autorisation d'augmentation de la vitesse de rotation au-delà de la vitesse de rotation de sécurité ;
    en présence d'un seul signal de capteur, aucune action sur la vitesse de rotation actuelle ;
    en l'absence des deux signaux des capteurs, limitation de la vitesse de rotation à la vitesse de rotation de sécurité.
  3. Outil selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'un des éléments de détection est disposé dans une zone gauche de prise (2) de la poignée de guidage pour la main gauche de l'utilisateur et l'autre élément de détection est disposé dans une zone droite de prise (3) pour la main droite.
  4. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de détection comporte au moins un capteur réagissant à la pression, optique, capacitif ou un capteur à ultrasons.
  5. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que
    le moteur peut être mis à l'arrêt par la commande de sécurité (6) ;
    en l'absence des deux signaux des capteurs, une minuterie de coupure faisant partie de la commande de sécurité (6) peut être déclenchée ; et en ce que
    à l'expiration d'un intervalle de temps prédéterminé, pouvant être détecté par la minuterie de coupure, la commande de sécurité (6) met le moteur à l'arrêt.
  6. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage de la vitesse de rotation est un dispositif d'allumage (7) du moteur.
  7. Outil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'allumage (7) présente au moins deux domaines caractéristiques, à savoir un premier domaine caractéristique selon lequel la vitesse de rotation du moteur correspond à une position d'un levier de commande des gaz, et un deuxième domaine caractéristique selon lequel la vitesse de rotation du moteur correspond à une position du levier de commande des gaz, mais est limitée à la vitesse de rotation de sécurité, et en ce que la commande de sécurité (6) commande le dispositif d'allumage par commutation entre les deux domaines caractéristiques.
  8. Outil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'allumage (7) présente un domaine caractéristique pour la vitesse de rotation de fonctionnement et un domaine caractéristique pour la vitesse de rotation de sécurité.
  9. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la commande de sécurité (6) est alimentée en énergie par le dispositif de réglage de la vitesse de rotation.
  10. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un autre capteur pour déterminer le processus de démarrage du moteur.
EP01903670A 2000-01-27 2001-01-23 Appareil de travail guide manuellement a reglage automatique de la vitesse de rotation Expired - Lifetime EP1250493B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10003486 2000-01-27
DE10003486A DE10003486C1 (de) 2000-01-27 2000-01-27 Handgeführtes Arbeitsgerät mit automatischer Drehzahleinstellung
PCT/EP2001/000712 WO2001055510A1 (fr) 2000-01-27 2001-01-23 Appareil de travail guide manuellement a reglage automatique de la vitesse de rotation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1250493A1 EP1250493A1 (fr) 2002-10-23
EP1250493B1 true EP1250493B1 (fr) 2004-05-26

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EP01903670A Expired - Lifetime EP1250493B1 (fr) 2000-01-27 2001-01-23 Appareil de travail guide manuellement a reglage automatique de la vitesse de rotation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6651608B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1250493B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4555535B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10003486C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001055510A1 (fr)

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WO2005078333A3 (fr) * 2004-02-17 2005-12-01 Magenwirth Gmbh & Co Kg Gustav Circuit de detection de fonctionnement pour la desactivation de moteur d'equipement de puissance

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DE102009054116B4 (de) * 2008-11-20 2014-10-23 Yamabiko Corporation Arbeitsgerät mit Verbrennungsmotor
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CN117242975A (zh) 2017-06-23 2023-12-19 创科（澳门离岸商业服务）有限公司 割草机

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Publication number Publication date
WO2001055510A1 (fr) 2001-08-02
US20020189219A1 (en) 2002-12-19
JP2003520923A (ja) 2003-07-08
EP1250493A1 (fr) 2002-10-23
JP4555535B2 (ja) 2010-10-06
US6651608B2 (en) 2003-11-25
DE50102406D1 (de) 2004-07-01
DE10003486C1 (de) 2001-07-26

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