CN105275931A - 弹性平均对准***以及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及弹性平均对准***和方法。一方面,提供了一种弹性平均对准***。所述***包括第一部件和第二部件,所述第一部件具有相互远离地向外延伸的第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第二部件具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁。所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性地变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
Description
技术领域
本主题发明涉及可配合部件,并且更具体地涉及用于在其间精确对准的弹性平均可配合部件。
背景技术
在制造过程中配合在一起的部件(特别是用于机动车辆中的车辆部件)通过对准特征部可相对于彼此互相定位,所述对准特征是尺寸过大的孔洞和/或尺寸过小的直立凸台。通常调整此类对准特征部的尺寸来提供间隔来使部件相对于彼此自由移动,以将它们对准而不在其之间形成会阻碍制造过程的过盈。一个此类示例包括双向和/或四向凸对准特征部,通常是直立凸台,其被接纳至相对应的通常以槽或孔洞的形式的凹对准特征部中。这些部件形成为在凸对准特征部和它们相对应的凹对准特征部之间有预定间隙以配合由制造(或构造)差异引起的凸和凹对准特征部的预期尺寸和位置变化公差。
因此,在具有前述对准特征部的两个配合部件之间能够出现相当大的位置变化,这促成了它们对准时不理想的大的变化的存在,具体地涉及它们之间的空隙和/或间距。在这些未对准部件也是另一组件的一部分的情形中,此类未对准还可能影响整个组件的功能和/或美学外观。不管这样的未对准是限于两个部件还是整个组件,它都能负面地影响功能并且导致劣质的感觉。此外,未对准部件之间的间隙会导致它们之间的相对运动,这会导致不期望的噪声,例如吱吱声和嘎嘎响。
发明内容
在一方面中,提供了一种弹性平均对准***。所述***包括第一部件和第二部件,所述第一部件具有第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件相互远离地向外延伸,所述第二部件具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁。第一和第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一和第二对准构件被***至对准孔中时所述,所述第一和第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将第一部件与第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
在另一方面中,提供了一种运输工具。所述运输工具包括本体和弹性平均对准***,所述弹性平均对准***整体布置在所述本体内。所述弹性平均对准***包括第一部件和第二部件,所述第一部件具有第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件相互远离地向外延伸,所述第二部件具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁。第一和第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一和第二对准构件***至对准孔中时,所述第一和第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
在另一方面,提供了一种制造弹性平均对准***的方法。所述***包括形成第一部件以及形成第二部件,所述第一部件具有相互远离地向外延伸的第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第二部件具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁,以及由可弹性变形材料形成第一和第二对准构件,使得在所述第一和第二对准构件***至对准孔中时,所述第一和第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
根据本发明,其还存在以下技术方案:
1.一种弹性平均对准***,包括:
第一部件,其包括第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件相互远离地向外延伸;以及
第二部件,其具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁,
其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
2.如技术方案1所述的***,其中,所述第一部件还包括中心轴线,且其中所述第一对准构件关于所述中心轴线以第一角度取向,所述第一对准构件抵靠所述第一壁弹性地变形并且所述第二对准构件抵靠所述第二壁弹性地变形。
3.如技术方案1所述的***,其中,所述内壁还包括第三壁和相对的第四壁,其中所述第一对准构件抵靠所述第三壁弹性地变形,并且所述第二对准构件抵靠所述第四壁弹性地变形。
4.如技术方案2所述的***,其中,所述第二对准构件关于所述中心轴线以第二角度定向。
5.如技术方案1所述的***,其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件中的至少一个包括成角度的引导表面,所述引导表面配置来易于将所述对准构件***至所述对准孔中。
6.如技术方案1所述的***,其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件中的至少一个包括从其延伸的保持构件。
7.如技术方案6所述的***,其中,所述保持构件包括成角度延伸***表面和保持表面,其配置来与所述第二部件的一部分接合以易于***并且随后防止它的相关联的对准构件从所述对准孔的移除。
8.如技术方案1所述的***,其中,其中所述第一部件还包括对准构件组,所述对准构件组包括的两个第一对准构件和一个第二对准构件。
9.如技术方案8所述的***,其中,所述第二对准构件定位在所述两个第一对准构件之间。
10.如技术方案8所述的***,其中,所述第一部件包括多于一个的对准构件组,所述多于一个的对准构件组具有可弹性变形的所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件,并且所述第二部件包括多于一个的对准孔,所述多于一个的对准构件组关于所述多于一个的对准孔几何分布,使得所述多于一个的对准构件组的可弹性变形的所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件的部分在与所述多于一个的对准孔的各自的一个接合时,弹性地变形至弹性平均的最终构型,其进一步将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在四个平面正交方向上对准。
11.一种运输工具,包括:
本体;以及
弹性平均对准***,其整体布置在所述本体内,所述弹性平均对准***包括:
第一部件,其包括第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件相互远离地向外延伸;以及
第二部件,其包括限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁,
其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
12.如技术方案11所述的运输工具,其中,所述第一部件还包括中心轴线,并且其中所述第一对准构件关于所述中心轴线以第一角度定向,所述第一对准构件抵靠所述第一壁弹性地变形,并且所述第二对准构件抵靠所述第二壁弹性地变形。
13.如技术方案12所述的运输工具,其中,所述第二对准构件关于所述中心轴线以第二角度定向。
14.如技术方案11所述的运输工具,其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件中的至少一个包括成角度的引导表面,所述引导表面配置来易于将所述对准构件***至所述对准孔中。
15.如技术方案11所述的运输工具,其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件中的至少一个包括从其延伸的保持构件,并且其中所述保持构件包括成角度延伸的***表面和保持表面,其配置来与所述第二部件的一部分接合以易于***并且随后防止它的相关联的对准构件从所述对准孔的移除。
16.如技术方案11所述的运输工具,其中,所述第一部件还包括对准构件组,所述对准构件组包括两个第一对准构件和一个第二对准构件。
17.如技术方案16所述的运输工具,其中,所述第二对准构件定位在所述两个第一对准构件之间。
18.如技术方案16所述的运输工具,其中,所述第一部件包括多于一个的对准构件组,所述多于一个的对准构件组具有可弹性变形的所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件,并且所述第二部件包括多于一个的对准孔,所述多于一个的对准构件组关于所述多于一个的对准孔几何分布,使得所述多于一个的对准构件组的可弹性变形的所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件的部分在与所述多于一个的对准孔的各自的一个接合时,弹性地变形至弹性平均的最终构型,其进一步将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在四个平面正交方向上对准。
19.如技术方案11所述的运输工具,其中,所述第一部件是装饰条并且所述第二部件是运输工具门。
20.一种制造弹性平均对准***的方法,所述方法包括:
形成第一部件,所述第一部件具有相互远离地向外延伸的第一对准构件和第二对准构件;
形成第二部件,其具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁;以及
由可弹性变形材料形成所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
当结合附图时,在本发明的下列详细说明中,上文的本发明的特征和优点以及其它特征和优点是显而易见的。
附图说明
仅以示例的方式,其它特征、优点和细节在实施例的下列详细说明中显现,详细说明参照附图,在附图中:
图1是组装前的示例性的弹性平均对准***的透视图;
图2是图1中所示出的且在组装后的***的透视图;
图3是图1中所示出的***的对准构件的透视图;
图4是图2中所示出的***的平面图;
图5是在图2中示出的***沿线5-5截取的剖视图;
图6是在图2中示出的***沿线6-6截取的剖视图;
图7是在图2中示出的***沿线7-7截取的剖视图;
图8是运输工具的侧视图,其可使用在图1和图2中示出的弹性平均对准***。
具体实施方式
下列描述在本质上仅仅是示例性的且并不旨在限制本公开、其应用或使用。例如,所示出的实施例可应用至运输工具部件,而本文所公开的***可用于任何合适的部件来为各种配合部件和部件应用(其包括许多工业、消费品(例如消费性电子产品、各种器具等等)、运输、能源和航空应用,并且更具体地包括许多其它类型的运输工具部件和应用,例如各种内部的、外部的、电气的以及机罩下的运输工具部件和应用)的精确定位和对准提供固定和弹性平均。应当理解的是,贯穿附图,相应的附图标记指代相似的或相应的部件和特征。
如本文中所使用的,术语“可弹性变形的”指的是包括部件特征的部件或部件的部分包括具有大体弹性变形特性的材料,其中该材料配置成响应于力的施加而经历在它的形状、尺寸或两者中的弹性可逆的变化。引起材料的弹性可逆或弹性变形的力可包括拉力、压缩力、剪切力、弯曲或扭转力或者这些力的各种组合。可弹性变形材料可以呈现出例如根据胡克定律所描述的线性弹性变形,或者非线性弹性变形。
弹性平均提供在相配合的部件之间的界面的弹性变形,其中平均变形提供精确的对准,制造位置变化最小化至Xmin,其由Xmin=X/定义,其中X为相配合的部件的定位特征部的制造位置变化并且N为所***的特征部的数量。为了获得弹性平均,可弹性变形部件配置成具有至少一个特征部且其接触表面是过约束的,并且设置与另一部件的配合特征部和它的接触表面的过盈配合。过约束条件和过盈配合使至少一个特征部或配合的特征部或两者特征部中的至少一个可恢复地可逆(弹性地)变形。部件的这些特征部的弹性可逆的本质允许部件的可重复的***和取出,这有助于它们的组装和拆卸。在一些实施例中,取决于特定实施例的需求,配置成具有本文所公开的至少一个特征部和相关联的配合特征部的可弹性变形的部件可需要多于一个的此类特征部。部件的位置差异可引起变化的力被施加在接触表面的区域上,该接触表面是在过盈条件下部件的***期间被过约束且接合的。应当领会到的是,单个***的部件可以关于部件的周向的长度是弹性平均的。在共有的美国专利号8,695,201中详细地描述了弹性平均的原理,其公开内容整体上通过引用并入此文中。上文所公开的实施例提供这样的能力,即,将与上文描述的弹性平均原理不相容的或者进一步借助于包括如本文所公开的弹性平均***进行辅助的现有部件转变成易于弹性平均以及具有与其相关联的益处的组件。
任何合适的可弹性变形材料可用于本文所公开的以及下文进一步讨论的配合部件和对准特征部,特别地是当形成至本文所描述的特征部时是可弹性变形的那些材料。这包括各种金属、聚合物、陶瓷、无机材料或玻璃,或者任何上述材料的复合材料,或者适于本文所公开的目的其的任何其它组合。设想到许多复合材料,包括各种填充聚合物,其包括玻璃、陶瓷、金属和无机材料的填充聚合物,尤其是玻璃、金属、陶瓷、无机或碳纤维的填充聚合物。可采用任何合适的填充物形态,包括颗粒和纤维的所有形状和尺寸。更特别地,可使用任何适当类型的纤维,包括连续纤维和非连续纤维、纺布和无纺布、毡制品或短纤维,或者其组合。可使用任何合适的金属,包括各种等级的钢和钢合金、铸铁、铝、镁或钛,或其的复合材料或其的任何其它组合。聚合物可包括热塑性聚合物或热固性聚合物或其的复合材料或其的任何其它组合,包括各种共聚物和共混聚合物。在一个实施例中,优选的塑料材料是具有弹性性质的一种材料,以便于弹性地变形而不会断裂,例如,包括丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、以及更特别地聚碳酸酯ABS共混聚合物(PC/ABS)的材料。材料可以是以任何形式的并且由任何合适的工艺形成或制造来包括本文所描述的可变形特征部,所述材料包括经冲压的或成形的金属、复合材料或其它板材、锻件、挤出部件、压制部件、铸件或模制部件等等。可弹性变形的对准特征部和相关联的部件可以任何合适的方式形成。例如,可弹性变形的对准特征部和相关联的部件可整体形成,或者它们可完全分开形成并且随后附接在一起。当整体形成时,它们可由例如塑料注塑机器形成为单个的部件。当分开形成时,它们可由不同的材料形成以提供例如预定的弹性响应特性。可选择一种或多种材料来提供任何或所有可弹性变形对准特征部、相关联的部件或配合部件的预定的弹性响应特性。预定的弹性响应特性可包括例如预定的弹性模量。
如本文所采用的,术语运输工具不仅仅限于汽车、货车、小货车或运动型多用途车,还包括适于运输负载的任何自推进式或牵引式运输工具。
本文所描述的是弹性平均对准***和方法。对准***包括第一部件和第二部件,所述第一部件具有多个对准构件,且所述第二部件具有对准孔以接纳所述对准构件。对准构件和/或第二部件弹性地变形以易于将两个部件以期望的取向精确对准在一起。
图1和图2图示示例性的弹性平均对准***10,其通常包括待配合至第二部件200的第一部件100。
在示例性实施例中,第一部件100包括多个对准片或构件102和104,以及第二部件200包括多个内壁202,每个内壁202均限定对准孔204。对准构件102、104和对准孔204固定设置在它们各自的部件100、200上或与其整体形成,用于在部件100和200相配合时适当的对准和取向。第一部件100包括三个对准构件组106,每个对准构件组106包括两个对准构件102和一个对准构件104。然而,部件100可具有任何数量的对准构件组106,并且每个对准构件组106可包括任何数量的对准构件102和104以及其组合。
如本文中更详细讨论的,可弹性变形的对准构件102、104配置且设置成过盈地、可变形地且配合地接合对准孔204,以将第一部件100与第二部件200在四个方向上(例如,正交坐标系的+/-x-方向和+/-y-方向)精确对准,这在本文中称作四向对准。可弹性变形的对准构件102、104配合地接合对准孔204以易于在第一部件100和第二部件200之间坚硬的且刚性的连接,从而减小或防止在其之间的相对运动。
另外参照图3,在示例性实施例中,第一部件100通常包括外面108和内面110,对准构件102和104从内面110延伸。每个对准构件102、104均是大体矩形的坚固的构件,其具有近端112和远端114,该近端112联接至内面110。然而,对准构件112、104可具有使得***10能够起到如本文所描述的作用的任何截面形状。
在图3中所示出的实施例中,远端114可包括成角度的引导表面116以易于将远端114***,并且因此将对准构件102、104***至对准孔204中。对准构件102、104可包括保持构件118,其从对准构件外表面120处向外延伸并且配置来接合第二部件200。可选地,第一部件100可以包括一个或多个支柱(未示出),用于在高于第一部件内面110上方的期望高度处接合且支撑第二部件200。在示例性的实施例中,第一部件100由例如塑料的刚性材料制成。然而,第一部件100可由使得***10能够起到如本文所描述的作用的任何合适材料制成。
第二部件200通常包括外面206和内面208。内壁202包括相对的第一和第二壁210和212,以及相对的第三和第四壁214和216(图4)。在示例性的实施例中,对准孔204如所示出的具有大体矩形的截面。可替代地,对准孔204可具有使得***10能够起到如本文所描述的作用的任何形状。在示例性的实施例中,第二部件200由例如金属板的刚性材料制成。然而,第二部件200可由使得***10能够起到如本文所描述的作用的任何合适材料制成。
虽然并不限于任何特定的结构,第一部件100可以是窄的装饰框/条,其限定运输工具门的轮廓,其中用户可见的一侧是外面108。第二部件200可以是支撑子结构,其是运输工具的一部分或附接至其,并且第一部件100在该支撑子结构上以精确对准的方式固定安装。
为了提供这样的布置,即可弹性变形的对准构件102、104配置且设置成过盈地、可变形地以及配合地接合对准孔204,对准构件102、104的部分几何上定位在略微超过对准孔204的周界218的尺寸的位置处,这在可弹性变形的对准构件102、104和对准孔204之间必定形成有目的性的过盈配合。例如,在对准构件102和104的远端114的外表面120之间的距离“D1”(图3)大于对准孔204的宽度“W1”(图4)。类似地,在组106的最外的对准构件102的外边缘122之间的距离“D2”(图3)大于对准孔204的宽度“W2”(图4)。如此,当被***至对准孔204中时,可弹性变形的对准构件102、104的部分弹性地变形至弹性平均的最终构型,其将第一部件100在四个平面正交方向上(+/-x-方向和+/-y-方向)对准在对准孔204内。
在示例性实施例中,对准构件102、104从第一部件100的中心轴线“C”(图3)向外倾斜或成角度,以提供与第二部件200的过盈,这有助于预定的力将第一部件100***至对准孔204中。在示例性的实施例中,对准构件102在对准构件104的相反方向上向外成角度。如在图3中最佳示出的,对准构件102以关于中心轴线“C”的角度“α”成角度,并且对准构件104以角度“β”成角度。如此,随着对准构件102和104从内表面110延伸,对准构件102和104彼此偏离。角度“α”和“β”可以是不同的以提供将需要来使每个对准构件组106***至对准孔204中所期望的力。例如,随着角度“α”和/或“β”被增大,对于***第一部件所需的力增大,且反之亦然。此外,在第一和第二部件100、200之间的联接的刚度还可通过改变角度“α”和/或“β”来变化。在示例性实施例中,角度“α”和“β”是相等的或大致相等。然而,角度“α”和“β”可以是使得***10能够起到如本文所描述的作用的小于90°的任何合适的角度。
图2和图4-7图示第一部件100和第二部件200之间的在组装后的对准构件102、104的示例性取向。如图5和图6中所示出的,对准构件102、104与各自的内壁216和214接触并且朝着彼此弹性地变形以将第一部件100在+/-y-方向上相对于第二部件200在期望的取向上对准。如图7中所示出的,对准构件102的外边缘122与各自的内壁210和212接触并且朝着彼此弹性地变形以将第一部件100在+/-x-方向上相对于第二部件200在期望的取向上对准。如图4中所示出的,在一个实施例中,构件104的宽度是构件102的宽度的两倍。如此,构件104的刚度是每个构件102的刚度的两倍。
在图3中所示出的示例性实施例中,对准构件102和/或104可包括保持构件118以易于将对准构件102、104保持在对准孔204内。在示例性实施例中,保持构件118包括***表面124和保持表面126。***表面124从对准构件外表面120成角度地延伸并且易于将对准构件102、104***至对准孔204中。在***后,保持表面126与第二部件外面206接合以有助于防止对准构件102、104退出或以其它方式从对准孔204移除。在示例性实施例中,保持构件118具有三角形截面。可替代地,保持构件118可具有使得***10能够起到如本文所描述的作用的任何合适的形状。例如保持构件118可以是突出部或肋(未示出)。因此,保持构件118有助于改进对准构件102、104在对准孔204内的保持。
考虑到前述内容,并且现参照图8,将领会到的是,本发明的实施例还包括运输工具40,所述运输工具具有本体42,所述本体42具有如本文所公开的与本体42整体布置的弹性平均对准***10。在图5的实施例中,弹性平均对准***10示出为形成运输工具40的门组件44的至少一部分。然而,预期到的是,如本文所公开的弹性平均对准***10可与运输工具40的其它结构特征部(例如,内部装饰件、镀铬条、指示灯、灯条、装饰性装饰件、装饰周围件、外部装饰件、图案以及印字)一起使用。
制造弹性平均对准***10的示例性方法包括形成第一部件100以及形成或提供第二部件200,该第一部件100具有多个对准构件组106,该多个对准构件组具有对准构件102、104,该第二部件200具有内壁202,该内壁202限定对准孔204。对准构件102、104由可弹性变形材料形成,使得当对准构件102、104***至对准孔204中时,对准构件102、104抵靠内壁202弹性地变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将第一部件100在期望的取向上相对于第二部件200对准。对准构件102可以角度“α”定向,且对准构件104可以角度“β”定向,并且对准构件102和104中的每个可形成带有引导表面116和/或保持构件118。
在本文中描述了用于弹性平均配合和对准***的***和方法。所述***通常包括薄的、窄的第一部件,该第一部件具有相对地成角度的可弹性变形的对准构件的组,该组定位成用于***至第二部件的对准孔中。所述第一和第二部件的配合在对准构件和各自的对准孔上是弹性平均的,以将部件在期望的取向上精确地配合。因此,所描述的***和方法有助于小的、薄的部件在不允许用于更大的联接特征部的包装空间的紧密空间中的精确对准,并且提供所联接的部件之间增大的刚度。
虽然已参照示例性实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员应当理解的是,可做出各种改变并且等同方案可针对于其要素被替代而不偏离本发明的范围。此外,可做出许多修改以将特定的位置或材料与本发明的教导相适应而不偏离其基本范围。因此,旨在表示,本发明并不限于所公开的特定的实施例,而且本发明将包括落入本申请的范围内的所有实施例。
Claims (10)
1.一种弹性平均对准***,包括:
第一部件,其包括第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件相互远离地向外延伸;以及
第二部件,其具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁,
其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
2.如权利要求1所述的***,其中,所述第一部件还包括中心轴线,且其中所述第一对准构件关于所述中心轴线以第一角度取向,所述第一对准构件抵靠所述第一壁弹性地变形并且所述第二对准构件抵靠所述第二壁弹性地变形。
3.如权利要求1所述的***,其中,所述内壁还包括第三壁和相对的第四壁,其中所述第一对准构件抵靠所述第三壁弹性地变形,并且所述第二对准构件抵靠所述第四壁弹性地变形。
4.如权利要求2所述的***,其中,所述第二对准构件关于所述中心轴线以第二角度定向。
5.如权利要求1所述的***,其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件中的至少一个包括成角度的引导表面,所述引导表面配置来易于将所述对准构件***至所述对准孔中。
6.如权利要求1所述的***,其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件中的至少一个包括从其延伸的保持构件。
7.如权利要求1所述的***,其中,其中所述第一部件还包括对准构件组,所述对准构件组包括的两个第一对准构件和一个第二对准构件。
8.如权利要求7所述的***,其中,所述第一部件包括多于一个的对准构件组,所述多于一个的对准构件组具有可弹性变形的所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件,并且所述第二部件包括多于一个的对准孔,所述多于一个的对准构件组关于所述多于一个的对准孔几何分布,使得所述多于一个的对准构件组的可弹性变形的所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件的部分在与所述多于一个的对准孔的各自的一个接合时,弹性地变形至弹性平均的最终构型,其进一步将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在四个平面正交方向上对准。
9.一种运输工具,包括:
本体;以及
弹性平均对准***,其整体布置在所述本体内,所述弹性平均对准***包括:
第一部件,其包括第一对准构件和第二对准构件,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件相互远离地向外延伸;以及
第二部件,其包括限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁,
其中,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件是可弹性变形材料,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
10.一种制造弹性平均对准***的方法,所述方法包括:
形成第一部件,所述第一部件具有相互远离地向外延伸的第一对准构件和第二对准构件;
形成第二部件,其具有限定对准孔的内壁,所述内壁具有第一壁和相对的第二壁;以及
由可弹性变形材料形成所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件,使得在所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件***至所述对准孔中时,所述第一对准构件和所述第二对准构件弹性变形至弹性平均的最终构型,以易于将所述第一部件与所述第二部件在期望的取向上对准。
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US14/319,607 US9429176B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | Elastically averaged alignment systems and methods |
US14/319607 | 2014-06-30 |
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DE102015110306A1 (de) | 2015-12-31 |
US9429176B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
CN105275931B (zh) | 2019-09-10 |
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