WO2014079165A1 - 餐厨垃圾联合筛选*** - Google Patents
餐厨垃圾联合筛选*** Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014079165A1 WO2014079165A1 PCT/CN2013/071204 CN2013071204W WO2014079165A1 WO 2014079165 A1 WO2014079165 A1 WO 2014079165A1 CN 2013071204 W CN2013071204 W CN 2013071204W WO 2014079165 A1 WO2014079165 A1 WO 2014079165A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- floating zone
- air floating
- screening system
- casing
- air
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000010585 Ammi visnaga Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000153158 Ammi visnaga Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000771208 Buchanania arborescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- the invention discloses a kitchen waste treatment device, and more particularly relates to a kitchen and kitchen garbage joint screening system.
- the science and technology of waste resource utilization after a long period of application, has proved that if the waste recycling technology is applied in a single application, the consequences will bring greater crisis to the human living environment, especially The serious problem of secondary pollution is difficult to control, so the comprehensive treatment of waste has become the current development trend.
- the composition of kitchen waste is extremely complicated, including sewage, plastic bags, plastic bottles, waste cloth strips, spoilage organic matter, paper, metal bottles, broken glass, broken ceramic sheets, animal fats, vegetable oils, primary bacteria and other substances. .
- the kitchen waste resource treatment technology has presented a “hundred flowers” situation in the domestic and foreign methods and processes, but basically it is a simple single item treatment, and there is no international environmental treatment that shifts from simple treatment to comprehensive treatment, utilization and disposal.
- the trend and direction may cause the inevitable attachments in the kitchen waste to be transferred and randomly filled, causing water and soil pollution, or transfer, not only blocking the city's sewer pipes, but also emitting a foul smell and causing serious secondary pollution.
- the single treatment process of kitchen waste is feasible from the perspective of resource utilization value. However, considering the comprehensive protection of the global environment, people's livability and protection of the atmospheric environment, it may still do more harm than good.
- the separation of useful materials, plastics, glass, wood, etc. is not thorough enough, and even cannot be separated. In the further processing, it is easy to cause the quality of the by-products to be unqualified due to the high content of impurities.
- the present invention provides a new kitchen and garbage waste screening system, which adopts a process such as air floatation and deposition. Separating plastic, wood materials, glass, metal, etc. from useful materials to achieve the sorting of kitchen waste.
- a kitchen and garbage combined screening system the screening system includes a casing, and a partition plate is arranged in the casing, and the interior of the casing is divided into an air floating zone and a non- In the air-floating zone, there is a material leakage outlet on the partition plate, a feed inlet at the air-floating zone, a heavy material discharge outlet at the lower part of the air-floating zone, a valve at the heavy material discharge outlet, and a heavy material discharge outlet.
- the upper part of the air floating area is provided with a rolling raft
- the non-air floating area is provided with a material output device
- one end of the material output device is arranged in the casing, the other end is arranged outside the casing, and the material output device is provided
- the auger has a discharge motor mounted on the material output device, and the discharge motor cooperates with the transmission to drive the auger to rotate.
- the material leakage outlet is provided with a louver guide groove, and the louver guide groove is connected to the pneumatic push-pull rod, and the pneumatic device drives the pneumatic push-pull rod movement to control the opening and closing of the louver guide groove.
- the roller is provided with two, two rollers are arranged one above the other, the lower roller 1/2 is disposed in the liquid surface of the air floating zone, and the upper roller is disposed above the liquid surface of the air floating zone
- the two rollers are in mesh with each other.
- a rolling motor is mounted on the casing, and the rolling motor simultaneously drives the two rollers to rotate.
- a transmission is mounted at the material outputter, and the discharge motor drives the auger to rotate through the transmission.
- a liquid level automatic control device for controlling the liquid level is installed at the air floating area.
- the casing is provided with a water inlet pipe for flushing the kitchen waste into the casing, and the inlet pipe is connected to the feeding pipe of the kitchen waste.
- the circulating water inlet of the air floating zone is connected with a hydraulic pressure pump, the water source is provided by the circulating water storage tank, and the water outlet is provided in the middle and lower part of the non-air floating zone, and the water body is input into the circulating water storage tank through the water pump for the gas
- the circulation of the water in the floating zone and the non-air-floating zone and the strengthening of the water in the air-floating zone are strongly tumbling.
- the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention can remove the plastics, toothpicks, etc. in the kitchen waste by using air flotation and rolling, and remove the heavy objects such as glass and metal in the kitchen waste by using a deposition process, and finally useful.
- the material output is further processed to achieve automatic screening of kitchen waste.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
- This embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and other principles and basic structures are the same as or similar to those of the present embodiment, and are all within the scope of the present invention.
- the present invention is mainly used for screening kitchen wastes that have been broken bags, and is mainly used for hydraulic separation and salt cleaning of kitchen wastes. Therefore, the present invention is called a water floating screening device, or a liquid state. Air flotation sorting device.
- the upper part of the casing 4 of the present invention is in the shape of a drum, and the lower part is composed of an inner hollow cone 5, and the feeding opening is arranged at the upper middle part of the casing 4, and the kitchen waste is discharged from the upper section by the water flow force of the pipeline.
- the water used for the pipeline is treated water for the sewage treatment system
- the water inlet pipe 27 is installed near the inlet of the pipeline
- the hydraulic pressure pump 3 is installed at the front end of the water inlet pipe 27
- the function of the hydraulic pressure pump 3 is to flush the kitchen waste into the air floating area 1 inside the casing by the water pressure.
- the present invention is mainly divided into an air floating zone 1 and a non-air floating zone 20, and a partition plate 9 is disposed inside the casing 4.
- the partitioning plate 9 is disposed at about 1/3 of the inner facade of the casing 4.
- the inside of the casing is divided into an air floating zone 1 and a non-air floating zone 20, that is, the air floating zone 1 occupies about 2/3 of the inner space of the casing, and the non-air floating zone 20 occupies about 1/3 of the inner space of the casing.
- the spout is connected to one side of the upper portion of the air floating zone 1.
- a rolling jaw 14 (or a tumbler) is mounted at a position near the top of the air floating zone 1 in the liquid level.
- two rolling jaws 14 are provided, and two rolling jaws 14 are mounted one above the other. 1/2 of the lower rolling jaws are disposed in the liquid surface, the upper rolling jaws are disposed above the liquid surface, and the two rolling jaws 14 are synchronously driven to rotate by the rolling motor 15.
- the tooth movement trajectories of the two rolling teeth 14 are passed between the mutual tooth positions, that is, when the two rolling teeth 14 rotate, the tooth positions of the first rolling teeth are set at the second rolling ⁇ . Between two adjacent tooth positions of the tooth, similarly, the tooth position of the second rolling tooth is disposed between two adjacent tooth positions of the first rolling tooth, and the set of rolling teeth 14 is used for kitchen waste.
- the fishing operation and unloading operation when the low-density material in the liquid air-floating process floats on the water surface is mainly used for fishing for light-weight materials such as plastic bags and toothpicks, and the rolling teeth underneath are used to remove plastic bags and toothpicks. Then it is transported away through the rolling jaws above.
- the bottom of the casing 4 is provided with a residue discharge port 6, and the residue discharge port 6 is provided with a valve 7, and the residue discharge port 6 and the valve 7 are mainly arranged corresponding to the air floating zone 1 for weighting the material. The object is removed.
- more than one air nozzle 8 is installed around the residue discharge port 6 to introduce air into the water body for performing a tumbling and tumbling action on the water body and the material in the air floating zone 1.
- a circulating water pipe 25 is further disposed between the non-air floating zone 20 and the air floating zone 1, and one end of the circulating water pipe 25 at the non-air floating zone is a water outlet 22, and one end of the air floating zone 1 is a water filling port, circulating water The pipes are connected through the water storage tank 21 to realize liquid air flotation sorting of the kitchen waste.
- the partition plate 9 is provided with a semi-floating material leakage outlet 10 at a position 20 cm or more from the bottom portion, and the louver guide groove 11 having an opening upward is installed at the leakage outlet 6, and the groove direction of each louver guide groove 11 is pneumatically mounted.
- the push-pull rod 12, the pneumatic device 26 pushes the pneumatic push-pull rod 12 up and down, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the louver guide groove 11, and controlling the opening angle, thereby controlling the semi-floating material, that is, the kitchen which is regarded as useful.
- the garbage enters the non-air floating zone 20.
- the non-air floating zone 20 is another barrel communicating with the air floating zone 1, and the air floating zone 1 and the non-air floating zone 20 are connected by a leak outlet 10 of the flat floating layer material.
- the water outlet 22 disposed on one side of the non-air floating zone mainly ensures that the horizontal liquid level of the non-air floating zone 20 is lower than the horizontal liquid level of the air floating zone 1, and enters the reservoir through the output water body.
- a useful semi-float enters the non-air-floating zone through the louvered diversion channel 11.
- the lower part of the non-air floating zone 20 is provided with a material output device 17, and one end of the material output device 17 is disposed in the non-air floating zone 20, and the other end is exposed on the outer side of the casing 4, and is exposed on the outer side of the casing 4.
- There is a discharge port 19 a material auger 16 is provided inside the screw auger 16 , and a discharge motor 23 is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the material output device 17 .
- a transmission 18 is mounted corresponding to the unloading motor 23, and the unloading motor 23 drives the screw auger 16 to rotate through the transmission 18 to agitate the material from the bottom to the top in the non-air floating zone 20, and then the discharge port 19 Output to the next section.
- the upper part of the casing 4 is provided with a liquid level automatic control device 13 for controlling the water level in the air floating area 1 to overflow the waterproof body.
- the invention is arranged on the lower part of the ground or above the ground, and the food waste of the broken bag is pushed into the magnetic separator (the magnetic separator removes the iron impurities in the kitchen waste by using the magnet) as a preliminary screening, and then the invention is added.
- the kitchen waste is pushed into the device by the hydraulic discharge pipe.
- the material contains plastic bags, glass bottles, metal sheets, small light wood strips, etc.
- the complex kitchen materials are in the liquid air floating zone 1 and are floated by the gas.
- the plastic reverses the engineering section or the waste plastic collection chamber, and the dense material such as glass bottles, glass fragments and metal in the liquid air floating zone 1 sinks to the bottom of the air floating zone 1, and the heavy material discharge port is opened at an appropriate time.
- 6 Automatic valve 7 is collected and delivered to the workshop to be processed by an automatic conveying tool.
- the louver guide groove 11 can be opened, so that the flat-floating layer of the high-protein feed can be automatically used to enter the leak outlet 10 of the louver guide groove 11 and enter the non-volume.
- the push-pull rod 12 disposed in the louver guiding groove 11 is pneumatically controlled, and can automatically open and close the inside of the guiding trough body 11 in the set time during the production process, and acts on the air floating area.
- the useful material in 1 is delivered to the non-air floating zone 20.
- the beveled ribbon conveyor 17 starts to start, and while the partial water body is effectively separated, the initially sorted kitchen material is sent to the next station device for further processing. deal with.
- the invention can utilize the opening and closing action of the air flotation and the water floating, the rolling and the louver guiding groove, and the water level pressure difference between the air floating zone and the non-air floating zone, and remove the plastic and toothpicks in the kitchen waste, and utilize the same.
- the deposition process removes the heavy objects such as glass and metal in the kitchen waste, and finally outputs the useful materials for further processing to automatically filter the kitchen waste.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
一种餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,该筛选***包括壳体(4),壳体(4)内设有分隔板(9),通过分隔板(9)将壳体(4)内部分为气浮区(1)和非气浮区(2),分隔板(9)上设有物料漏出口(10),气浮区(1)处设有进料口(2),气浮区(1)下部设有重物料卸出口(6),重物料卸出口(6)处设有阀门(7),重物料卸出口(6)四周设有一个以上的空气喷嘴(8),气浮区(1)上部设有滚耙(14),非气浮区(2)内设有物料输出器(17),物料输出器(17)—端设置在壳体(4)内,另一端设置在壳体(4)外侧,物料输出器(17)内设有搅龙(16),物料输出器(17)上安装有卸料电机(23),卸料电机(23)带动搅龙(16)转动,该筛选***可利用气浮和滚耙,将餐厨垃圾中的塑料、牙签等去除,在利用沉积工艺将餐厨垃圾中的玻璃、金属等重物去除,最后将有用物料输出进行进一步加工,实现餐厨垃圾自动筛选。
Description
本发明公开一种餐厨垃圾处理装置,更具体涉及一种餐厨垃圾联合筛选***。
废弃物资源化利用的科学技术,经过长时间的应用,已证明了一个道理,就是如果废弃物的资源化处理技术单一应用,其后果将会对人类生存环境带来更大的危机,尤其是产生二次污染的严重问题难以控制,所以废弃物的综合处理已经成为当前发展的趋势。餐厨垃圾的组成极其复杂,其中包含污水、塑料袋、塑料瓶、废布条、腐败性有机物、纸张、金属瓶罐、破碎玻璃、破碎陶瓷片、动物油脂、植物油脂、原生细菌体等物质。目前餐厨垃圾资源化处理技术在国内外的方法和工艺中已呈现“百花齐放”局面,但是基本都是单纯的单项处理,没有走向从单纯的处理转向综合处理、利用与处置的国际性环保处理趋势和方向,可能会造成餐厨垃圾中的必然附着物进行转移及乱填乱放,造成水土污染,或转移,不仅堵塞城市下水管道,散发恶臭气味,造成严重的二次污染。餐厨垃圾的单一处理工艺从资源化利用价值考虑是可行的,但从长期保护地球环境、人民宜居、保护大气环境的综合性角度来考虑,还是可能弊大于利。而且,目前的餐厨垃圾处理装置中,有用物料、塑料、玻璃、木料等等分离不够彻底,甚至无法分离,在进一步处理时,容易因为杂质含量较多,而造成副产品质量不合格等。
针对上述提到的现有技术中的餐厨垃圾处理装置中,杂质与有用物料分离不彻底的缺点,本发明提供一种新的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其通过气浮、沉积等工艺,将塑料、木质材料、玻璃、金属等从有用物料分离,实现餐厨垃圾的分选。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是:一种餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,该筛选***包括壳体,壳体内设有分隔板,通过分隔板将壳体内部分为气浮区和非气浮区,分隔板上设有物料漏出口,气浮区处设有进料口,气浮区下部设有重物料卸出口,重物料卸出口处设有阀门,重物料卸出口四周设有一个以上的空气喷嘴,气浮区上部设有滚耙,非气浮区内设有物料输出器,物料输出器一端设置在壳体内,另一端设置在壳体外侧,物料输出器内设有搅龙,物料输出器上安装有卸料电机,卸料电机配合变速器带动搅龙转动。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案进一步还包括:
所述的物料漏出口处设有百叶导槽,百叶导槽连接在气动推拉杆上,气动装置驱动气动推拉杆运动,而控制百叶导流槽的开启与闭合。
所述的滚耙设有两个,两个滚耙一上一下设置,下面的滚耙的1/2设置在气浮区的液面内,上面的滚耙设置在气浮区的液面上方,两个滚耙相互啮合。
所述的壳体上安装有滚耙电机,滚耙电机同时带动两个滚耙转动。
所述的物料输出器处安装有变速器,卸料电机通过变速器驱动搅龙转动。
所述的气浮区处安装有用于控制液面高度的液面高度自动控制装置。
所述的壳体上设有用于向壳体内冲进餐厨垃圾的进水管道,进水管连接在餐厨垃圾的进料管道上。
所述的气浮区的循环水进水口连接水力加压泵,水源由循环储水箱提供,非气浮区的中下部设有出水口,并通过水泵将水体输入循环储水箱内,用于气浮区与非气浮区水体的循环和加强气浮区内的水体强力翻滚。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明可利用气浮和滚耙,将餐厨垃圾中的塑料、牙签等去除,在利用沉积工艺将餐厨垃圾中的玻璃、金属等重物去除,最后将有用物料输出进行进一步加工,实现餐厨垃圾自动筛选。
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
图1为本发明结构示意图。
图2为本发明剖面结构示意图。
图中,1-气浮区,2-进料管道,3-水力加压泵,4-壳体,5-壳体下部的圆锥体,6-重物料卸出口,7-阀门,8-空气喷嘴,9-分隔板,10-物料漏出口,11-百叶导槽,12-气动推拉杆,13-液面高度自动控制装置,14-滚耙,15-滚耙电机,16-搅龙,
17-物料输出器,18-变速器,19-卸料口,20-非气浮区,21-循环水储水箱,22-出水口,23-卸料电机,24-非气浮区排水口,25-循环水管道,26-气动装置,27-进水管道。
本实施例为本发明优选实施方式,其他凡其原理和基本结构与本实施例相同或近似的,均在本发明保护范围之内。
请参看附图1,本发明主要用于将已破袋的餐厨垃圾进行筛选,其主要用于对餐厨垃圾进行水力分选及盐分清洗,因此本发明称为水浮筛选设备,或液态气浮分选装置。
本发明壳体4的上部为圆桶形,下部为内空圆锥体5组成,进料口设于壳体4的中上部,利用管道水流冲力将餐厨垃圾由上一工段出口由高而下推进壳体内部的气浮区1中,管道用水为污水处理***经过处理的回用水,管道靠近进料口处装有进水管道27,进水管道27前端装有水力加压泵3,通过水力加压泵3的作用,利用水压将餐厨垃圾冲入壳体内部的气浮区1。
本发明主要分为气浮区1和非气浮区20,壳体4内部设有分隔板9,本实施例中,分隔板9设置在壳体4内部立面约1/3位置处,将壳体内部分为气浮区1和非气浮区20,即气浮区1占壳体内部空间的约2/3,非气浮区20占壳体内部空间的约1/3,进料口连接在气浮区1上部的一侧。在气浮区1顶部接近液面的位置处安装有滚动耙齿14(或称为滚耙),本实施例中,滚动耙齿14设有两个,两个滚动耙齿14一上一下安装,下方的滚动耙齿的1/2设置在液面内,上面的滚动耙齿设置在液面上方,两个滚动耙齿14通过滚耙电机15同步驱动转动。本实施例中,两个滚动耙齿14的齿位运动轨迹是于相互的齿位间通过,即当两个滚动耙齿14转动时,第一滚动耙齿的齿位设置在第二滚动耙齿两个相邻齿位之间,同理,第二滚动耙齿的齿位设置在第一滚动耙齿两个相邻齿位之间,该组滚动耙齿14是用于将餐厨垃圾在液态气浮过程中的低密度物料浮于水面时的捞取作业及卸料作业,主要用于捞取塑料袋、牙签等密度轻的物料,下方的滚动耙齿将塑料袋、牙签等捞出,然后再经过上方的滚动耙齿运走。壳体4底部设有残余物出料口6,残余物出料口6上设有阀门7,残余物出料口6和阀门7主要对应于气浮区1设置,用于将物料中的重物卸除。本实施例中残余物出料口6四周装有一个以上的空气喷嘴8,向水体内通入空气,用于对气浮区1内的水体及物料作爆动翻腾动作,本实施例中,还在非气浮区20与气浮区1之间装有循环水管道25,循环水管道25于非气浮区的一端为出水口22,而气浮区1的一端为补水口,循环水管道是通过储水箱21连接,以实现餐厨垃圾的液态气浮分选。本实施例中,分隔板9距离底部20cm以上位置安装有半浮物料的漏出口10,漏出口6处安装开口向上的百叶导流槽11,各个百叶导流槽11的槽向位置安装气动推拉杆12,气动装置26推动气动推拉杆12上下运动,从而实现百叶导流槽11的打开与闭合,以及张开角度的控制,从而控制半浮层物料,即被视为有用途的餐厨垃圾进入非气浮区20内。本实施例中,非气浮区20为与气浮区1连通的另一个桶体,气浮区1和非气浮区20通过平浮层物料的漏出口10连通。本实施案例中,设于非气浮区一侧的出水口22,主要是保障非气浮区20的水平液面位低于气浮区1的水平液面位,并通过输出的水体进入储水箱21后,再对气浮区1进行补水,且在设于补水管道上装置的水力加压泵3作用下,水体以强力输入气浮区1的下部,加强水体及物料的翻腾动作,强化有用的半浮物通过百叶导流槽11进入非气浮区内。本实施例中,非气浮区20的下部装有物料输出器17,物料输出器17一端设在非气浮区20内,另一端露于壳体4外侧,露于壳体4外侧端设有卸料口19,物料输出器17内部设有螺旋搅龙16,物料输出器17外侧端上固定安装有卸料电机23,
与卸料电机23对应安装有变速器18,卸料电机23通过变速器18驱动螺旋搅龙16转动,将物料由非气浮区20内由下而上搅出,再由卸料口19
输出,至下一工段。本实施例中,壳体4内上部装有液面高度自动控制装置13,用于控制气浮区1内的水位,以防水体溢出。
本发明设置在地面下部或地面上方,其将已破袋的餐厨垃圾被推进磁选器(磁选器是利用磁铁将餐厨垃圾中的铁杂质去除)作为初步筛选后,再加入本发明中,餐厨垃圾被水力卸料管推入装置内,物料中含有塑料袋、玻璃瓶、金属片、小形轻质木条等,复杂的餐厨物料在液态气浮区1内,利用气浮动力,将塑料袋和轻质小形木条等其密度低于其他物料而被水力推向水面时,被滚耙14捕抓并经另一滚耙14送向轻质物料输送槽,进入废塑料逆转工程工段或废塑料收集室,而在液态气浮区1内的玻璃瓶、玻璃碎片及金属等密度大的物料沉至气浮区1内底部,并待适当时间打开重物质出料口6自动阀门7收集并由自动输送工具送达待处理车间。当轻质物料全部浮于水面后,百叶导流槽11方可打开,让制造高蛋白饲类的平浮层餐厨物质利用水体流向压力自动进入百叶导流槽11的漏出口10并进入非气浮区20内,设于百叶导流槽11的推拉杆12由气动控制,在于生产过程中设定的时间内能自动使导流槽体11内作开启和闭合运动,作用于气浮区1中有用物料向非气浮区20输送。当有用的物料进入非气浮区20内后,斜面螺带输送器17开始启动,并在有效分离部分水体的同时,将已初步分选的餐厨物料送入下一工段装置内,进行进一步处理。
本发明可利用气浮和水浮、滚耙和百叶导流槽的开与合动作及气浮区与非气浮区的水位压差,将餐厨垃圾中的塑料、牙签等去除,在利用沉积工艺将餐厨垃圾中的玻璃、金属等重物去除,最后将有用物料输出进行进一步加工,实现餐厨垃圾自动筛选。
Claims (8)
- 一种餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的筛选***包括壳体(4),壳体(4)内设有分隔板(10),通过分隔板(9)将壳体(4)内部分为气浮区(1)和非气浮区(20),分隔板(9)上设有物料漏出口(10),气浮区(1)处设有进料口(2),气浮区(20)下部设有重物料卸出口(6),重物料卸出口(6)处设有阀门(7),重物料卸出口(6)四周设有一个以上的空气喷嘴(8),气浮区(1)上部设有滚耙(14),非气浮区(20)内设有物料输出器(17),物料输出器(17)一端设置在壳体(15)内,另一端设置在壳体(4)外侧,物料输出器(17)内设有搅龙(16),物料输出器(17)上安装有电机(23)和变速器(18),电机(23)配合变速器带动搅龙(16)转动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的物料漏出口(10)处设有百叶导槽(11),百叶导槽(11)连接在气动推进拉杆(12)上,气动装置(26)驱动推进拉杆(12)运动,并由推进拉杆(12)控制百叶导槽(11)的开启与闭合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的滚耙(14)设有两个,两个滚耙(14)一上一下设置,下面的滚耙的1/2设置在气浮区(1)的液面内,上面的滚耙设置在气浮区(1)的液面上方,两个滚耙(14)相互啮合。
- 根据权利要求3所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的壳体(4)上安装有滚耙电机(15),滚耙电机(15)同时带动两个滚耙(14)转动。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的物料输出器(17)处安装有变速器(18),电机(23)通过变速器(22)驱动搅龙(16)转动。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的气浮区(1)处安装有用于控制液面高度的液面高度自动控制装置(13)。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的壳体(4)上设有用于向壳体(4)内输送餐厨垃圾的管道(2),该管道连接有进水管道(27)。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的餐厨垃圾联合筛选***,其特征是:所述的气浮区(1)的循环水进水口连接水力加压泵(3),水源由循环储水箱(21)提供,非气浮区(20)的中下部设有出水口(22),并通过水泵将水体输入循环储水箱(21)内,用于气浮区(1)与非气浮区(20)水体的循环和加强气浮区(1)内的水体强力翻滚。
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