JP6681700B2 - 合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6681700B2 JP6681700B2 JP2015220813A JP2015220813A JP6681700B2 JP 6681700 B2 JP6681700 B2 JP 6681700B2 JP 2015220813 A JP2015220813 A JP 2015220813A JP 2015220813 A JP2015220813 A JP 2015220813A JP 6681700 B2 JP6681700 B2 JP 6681700B2
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- laminated glass
- less
- interlayer film
- mass
- Prior art date
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Description
本発明は、熱可塑性エラストマーを含有するA層を少なくとも1層含む合わせガラス用中間膜であって、熱可塑性エラストマーは、ハードセグメントブロックとソフトセグメントブロックを有する。また、本発明の合わせガラス用中間膜のA層においては、熱可塑性エラストマーが、ハードセグメントブロックを島成分とし、ソフトセグメントブロックを海成分とする海島相分離構造を有する。
(i)アルキルリチウム化合物を開始剤として用い、前記芳香族ビニル単量体、前記共役ジエン単量体、次いで前記芳香族ビニル単量体を逐次重合させる方法;
(ii)アルキルリチウム化合物を開始剤として用い、前記芳香族ビニル単量体、前記共役ジエン単量体を逐次重合させ、次いでカップリング剤を加えてカップリングする方法;
(iii)ジリチウム化合物を開始剤として用い、前記共役ジエン単量体、次いで前記芳香族ビニル単量体を逐次重合させる方法などが挙げられる。
せん断貯蔵弾性率は、例えば、JIS K 7244−10による複素せん断粘度試験に基づいて測定できる。せん断貯蔵弾性率は物体に対する外力とひずみにより生じたエネルギーのうち、物体の内部に保存される成分の指標であり、ひずみ制御型動的粘弾性装置における測定温度等速昇温のもと動的弾性率と温度の関係から求められる。
本発明の合わせガラス用中間膜を構成する合わせガラス用中間膜は、A層の少なくとも片面に熱可塑性樹脂を含むB層を有することが好ましい。熱可塑性樹脂とは、加熱すると軟化して可塑性を示し、冷却すると固化する高分子化合物を意味しており、熱可塑性エラストマーとは区別される。B層が熱可塑性樹脂を含有することにより、合わせガラス用中間膜の耐候性や強度が向上したり、合わせガラスの曲げ強度や耐貫通性が向上したりする傾向にある。
本発明のB層で用いられる可塑剤の種類は、特に限定されず、例えば、一価カルボン酸エステル系、多価カルボン酸エステル系などのカルボン酸エステル系可塑剤;リン酸エステル系可塑剤、有機亜リン酸エステル系可塑剤などのほか、カルボン酸ポリエステル系、炭酸ポリエステル系、また、ポリアルキレングリコール系などの高分子可塑剤や、ひまし油などのヒドロキシカルボン酸と多価アルコールのエステル化合物;ヒドロキシカルボン酸と一価アルコールのエステル化合物などのヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル系可塑剤も使用することができる。
本発明の合わせガラス用中間膜は、熱可塑性エラストマーを含有するA層を少なくとも1層含む合わせガラス用中間膜であって、熱可塑性エラストマーが、ハードセグメントブロックとソフトセグメントブロックを有し、A層が、ハードセグメントブロックを島成分、ソフトセグメントブロックを海成分とする海島相分離構造を有し、該A層が小角X線散乱測定で得られる特定の配向度を有するものである。本発明の合わせガラス用中間膜は、A層の少なくとも片面に熱可塑性樹脂を含むB層を有することが好ましく、少なくとも2つの上記B層の間に、上記A層が積層された合わせガラス用中間膜からなることが好ましい。
本発明の合わせガラス用中間膜の製造方法は特に限定されるものではなく、上記の熱可塑性樹脂・熱可塑性エラストマーに必要に応じて他の添加剤を配合し、これを均一に混練した後、押出し法、カレンダー法、プレス法、キャスティング法、インフレーション法等、公知の製膜方法によりA層やB層など各層を作製し、これらを積層させてもよいし、A層、B層およびその他必要な層を共押出法により成形してもよい。
本発明の合わせガラスは、遮音性と遮熱性を両立させる観点からは、熱可塑性エラストマーを含有するA層を少なくとも1層含み、少なくとも1層に遮熱材料を含有する合わせガラス用中間膜を、少なくとも2枚のガラスで挟持してなり、可視光透過率が70%以上であり、波長800〜1100nmの赤外線平均透過率が70%以下である合わせガラスであることが好ましい。上記構成を満たす合わせガラスを作製するためには、熱可塑性エラストマーを含有するA層を少なくとも1層含み、前述した遮熱材料を少なくとも1層に含有する合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスとすることが好ましい。
本発明の合わせガラスは、従来から公知の方法で製造することが可能であり、例えば、真空ラミネータ装置を用いる方法、真空バッグを用いる方法、真空リングを用いる方法、ニップロールを用いる方法等が挙げられる。また、仮圧着後に、オートクレーブ工程に投入する方法も付加的に行なうことができる。
(A層用組成物の作製)
窒素置換し、乾燥させた耐圧容器に、溶媒としてシクロヘキサン50.0kg、アニオン重合開始剤としてsec−ブチルリチウム76gを仕込み、ルイス塩基としてテトラヒドロフラン313gを仕込んだ(sec−ブチルリチウムは、10.5質量%のシクロヘキサン溶液を含むため、sec−ブチルリチウムの実質的な添加量は8.0gである)。耐圧容器内を50℃に昇温した後、スチレン0.5kgを加えて1時間重合させ、引き続いてイソプレン8.2kgおよびブタジエン6.5kgからなる混合液を加えて2時間重合させ、さらにスチレン1.5kgを加えて1時間重合させることにより、ポリスチレン−ポリ(イソプレン/ブタジエン)−ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体を含む反応液を得た。
B層の主成分には、粘度平均重合度約1100、アセタール化度68.7モル%、ビニルアセテート単位の含有量が0.8モル%、ビニルアルコール単位の含有量が30.5モル%のポリビニルブチラール(PVB−1)を用いた。
A層用組成物を、50mmφベント式単軸押出機を用いて、温度210℃、吐出量4kg/hの条件で、205℃のTダイ(マルチマニホールドタイプ:幅500mm)に導入し、B層用組成物を、65mmφベント式単軸押出機を用いて、温度205℃、吐出量24kg/hの条件で、該Tダイに導入した。該Tダイから共押出された成形物を、一方を50℃、他方を60℃とした2つの金属鏡面ロールによってニップし、引き取り速度1.2m/minで、B層/A層/B層(330μm/100μm/330μm)という3層構成となる合わせガラス用中間膜(760μm)を成形した。
市販のクリアガラス(縦50mm×横50mm×厚さ1.6mm)2枚に実施例1で得られた合わせガラス用中間膜を挟み、真空ラミネータ(日清紡メカトロニクス株式会社製1522N)を用いて、熱板温度165℃、真空引き時間12分、プレス圧力50kPa、プレス時間17分の条件で合わせガラスを作製した。得られた合わせガラスを、可視光線透過率および赤外線平均透過率の測定にそれぞれ用いた。
合わせガラス用中間膜からA層を取り出して縦5mm×横5mmの大きさに切り出し、小角X線散乱測定用の試料を作製した。切り出した面の法線とX線照射方向とが一致するように、上記試料を小角X線散乱装置(株式会社リガク製、NANO−viewer)に設置し、X線透過長さが合計1mmになるようにした。試料と検出器の距離(カメラ距離)は、1000mmとし、スリット径は、上流から順に0.40mm、0.20mm、0.45mmとした。
配向度(1)=(最大強度値−最小強度値)/(最大強度値+最小強度値)
配向度(2)=最大強度値/最小強度値
縦50mm×横50mmの大きさのクリアガラスを用いる代わりに、縦300mm×横300mmの大きさのクリアガラスを用いた以外は、上記と同様の条件で合わせガラスを作製した。得られた合わせガラスを80℃のオーブンにて1週間放置した。上記条件下で放置した後の、合わせガラスの端部からA層の端部までの距離のうち、最も大きな距離を測定した。該距離を下記の基準で評価して、シュリンク性の評価とした。シュリンク性の評価結果を表3に示す。
<評価基準>
◎:A層のシュリンクが全く見られない
○:A層のシュリンクが0.5mm以内
×:A層のシュリンクが0.5mmを超える
図4に示すように、縦300mm×横100mm、厚さ3mmのフロートガラス71および72に、実施例1で得られた合わせガラス用中間膜73を挟み、真空ラミネータ(日清紡メカトロニクス株式会社製1522N)を用いて、熱板温度165℃、真空引き時間12分、プレス圧力50kPa、プレス時間17分の条件で合わせガラス70を作製した。
<評価基準>
○:ガラス72がずり落ちた距離が1mm以下である。
×:ガラス72がずり落ちた距離が1mmを超える。
実施例1で得られたブロック共重合体の水素添加前後におけるヨウ素価を測定し、その測定値より算出した。二重結合残存量の算出結果を表2に示す。
実施例1で得られたブロック共重合体の水素添加物50mgを重クロロホルムに溶解して、1H−NMRの測定を行った。イソプレン単位およびブタジエン単位における1,2−結合および3,4−結合の含有量をそれぞれ測定し、それらを合計することで、イソプレン単位およびブタジエン単位における1,2−結合および3,4−結合の含有量の合計値を算出した。イソプレン単位およびブタジエン単位における1,2−結合および3,4−結合の含有量の合計値の算出結果を表2に示す。
ASTM D4065−06に基づいて、合わせガラス用中間膜の動的粘弾性を測定するために、機械的分光計(メトラー・トレド株式会社製DMA/SDTA861eモデル)を用いた。A層用組成物およびB層用組成物ならびにA層およびB層の主成分(ここで、各層のポリマーが主成分であるが、後述する実施例・比較例における可塑剤が含まれる層については、ポリマーと可塑剤が主成分となる)を、別途、210℃、5MPa、5分間熱プレスをして、評価用のサンプルを作製し、厚さ1mm、直径3〜10mmの円柱状(直径は結果に影響しない)にそれぞれ切り出して、テストサンプルとして用いた。
クリアガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラス及びグリーンガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラスについて、JIS R3106に基づいて、分光光度計U−4100(株式会社日立ハイテクサイエンス製)を用いて、可視光透過率を20℃で測定した。可視光透過率の測定結果を表3に示す。
クリアガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラス及びグリーンガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラスについて、分光光度計U−4100を用いて、波長800〜1100nmの赤外線平均透過率を20℃で測定した。波長800〜1100nmの赤外線平均透過率の測定結果を表3に示す。
[耐候性試験]
グリーンガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラスについて、耐候性試験機(スガ試験機株式会社製、スーパーキセノンウェザーメーターSX75)を用いて、放射照度180W/m2、ブラックパネル温度60℃、相対湿度50%の条件で200時間曝露する耐候性試験を行った。
JIS Z8781−4:2013に基づき、耐候性試験の前後において、合わせガラスの色差を、色差計(スガ試験機株式会社製、SM−T)を用いて測定した。耐候性試験前の合わせガラスの色差から耐候性試験後の合わせガラスの色差を引いた値を色差変化ΔE*abとした。色差変化ΔE*abの測定結果を表3に示す。
グリーンガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラスの音響透過損失は、ASTM E90−09(建築物の間仕切りおよび要素の空気伝達音響透過損失を実験室測定するための標準的試験方法)に規定された方法によって測定した。音響透過損失の測定結果を表3に示す。
グリーンガラスを用いて作製した合わせガラスのヘイズは、JIS K 7105に基づいて測定した。合わせガラスのヘイズの測定結果を表3に示す。
A層においてCWOを配合する代わりに、B層においてCWOを配合して、B層における面密度が0.28g/m2となるようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表2に、各種物性評価の結果を表3に示す。
B層において、100質量部のPVB−1を用いる代わりに、100質量部のPVB−2(表1に記載)と15質量部のポリエステルポリオールとの混合物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表2に、各種物性評価の結果を表3に示す。なお、ポリエステルポリオールとしては、クラレポリオールP−510(株式会社クラレ製、ポリ[(3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオール)−alt−(アジピン酸)])を用いた。
B層において、100質量部のPVB−1を用いる代わりに、100質量部のPVB−2と37質量部のポリエステルポリオールとの混合物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表2に、各種物性評価の結果を表3に示す。
窒素置換し、乾燥させた耐圧容器に、溶媒としてシクロヘキサン50kg、アニオン重合開始剤としてsec−ブチルリチウム130gを仕込み、ルイス塩基としてテトラヒドロフラン290gを仕込んだ(sec−ブチルリチウムは、10.5質量%のシクロヘキサン溶液を含むため、sec−ブチルリチウムの実質的な添加量は13.9gである)。耐圧容器内を50℃に昇温した後、スチレン1.8kgを加えて1時間重合させ、引き続いてイソプレン13.2kgを加えて2時間重合させ、さらにスチレン1.8kgを加えて1時間重合させることにより、ポリスチレン−ポリイソプレン−ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体を含む反応液を得た。
A層において、CWOの面密度を0.25g/m2とする代わりに、CWOの面密度を0.16g/m2とし、さらにITO(三菱マテリアル電子化成社製:錫ドープ酸化インジウム)を添加して、ITOの面密度を0.75g/m2とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の構成および各種物性評価の結果を表4または表5に示す。
A層において、CWOの代わりにITOを用い、ITOの面密度を1.50g/m2とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の構成および各種物性評価の結果を表4または表5に示す。
A層において、ITOの面密度を4.70g/m2とした以外は、実施例7と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の構成および各種物性評価の結果を表4または表5に示す。
A層の主成分としてTPE−1の代わりにTPE−2を用い、A層の厚さを330μmとし、B層の厚さを215μmとした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表6に、各種物性評価の結果を表7に示す。
A層の主成分としてTPE−1の代わりにTPE−2を用い、A層の厚さを330μmとし、B層の厚さを215μmとした以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表6に、各種物性評価の結果を表7に示す。
A層において接着力調整剤を用いず、B層においてPVB−1を用いる代わりにアイオノマー(デュポン社製、SentryGlas(R) Interlayer)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表8に、各種物性評価の結果を表9に示す。
A層において接着力調整剤を用いず、B層においてPVB−1を用いる代わりに、アイオノマー(デュポン社製、SentryGlas(R) Interlayer)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表8に、各種物性評価の結果を表9に示す。
TPE−1とTPE−2とを質量比1:3で200℃にて溶融混錬して、TPE−4を得た。A層において、TPE−1の代わりにTPE−4を用い、接着力調整剤を用いず、B層において、PVB−1の代わりにアイオノマー(デュポン社製、SentryGlas(R) Interlayer)を用い、A層の厚さを220μmとし、B層の厚さを270μmとした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表8に、各種物性評価の結果を表9に示す。
A層においてCWOを配合する代わりに、B層においてCWOを配合して、B層における面密度が0.28g/m2となるようにした以外は、実施例11と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表8に、各種物性評価の結果を表9に示す。
A層において接着力調整剤を用いず、B層においてPVB−1の代わりにアイオノマー(デュポン社製、SentryGlas(R) Interlayer)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表8に、各種物性評価の結果を表9に示す。
A層において接着力調整剤を用いず、B層においてPVB−1の代わりにアイオノマー(デュポン社製、SentryGlas(R) Interlayer)を用いた以外は、比較例2と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の組成および厚さを表8に、各種物性評価の結果を表9に示す。
窒素置換し、乾燥させた耐圧容器に、溶媒としてシクロヘキサン50kg、アニオン重合開始剤としてsec−ブチルリチウム90gを仕込み、ルイス塩基としてN,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルエチレンジアミン(以下、TMEDAという)30gを仕込んだ(sec−ブチルリチウムは、10.5質量%のシクロヘキサン溶液を含むため、sec−ブチルリチウムの実質的な添加量は9.5gである)。耐圧容器内を50℃に昇温した後、スチレン1.0kgを加えて1時間重合させ、引き続いてブタジエン14.6kgを加えて2時間重合させ、さらにスチレン1.0kgを加えて1時間重合させることにより、ポリスチレン−ポリブタジエン−ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体を含む反応液を得た。
窒素置換し、乾燥させた耐圧容器に、溶媒としてシクロヘキサン50kg、アニオン重合開始剤としてsec−ブチルリチウム82gを仕込み、ルイス塩基としてテトラヒドロフラン110gを仕込んだ(sec−ブチルリチウムは、10.5質量%のシクロヘキサン溶液を含むため、sec−ブチルリチウムの実質的な添加量は8.6gである)。耐圧容器内を50℃に昇温した後、スチレン0.5kgを加えて1時間重合させ、引き続いてイソプレン8.2kgおよびブタジエン6.5kgを加えて2時間重合させ、さらにスチレン1.5kgを加えて1時間重合させることにより、ポリスチレン−ポリ(イソプレン/ブタジエン)−ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体を含む反応液を得た。
窒素置換し、乾燥させた耐圧容器に、溶媒としてシクロヘキサン50kg、アニオン重合開始剤としてsec−ブチルリチウム217gを仕込み、ルイス塩基としてテトラヒドロフラン80gを仕込んだ(sec−ブチルリチウムは、10.5質量%のシクロヘキサン溶液を含むため、sec−ブチルリチウムの実質的な添加量は22.8gである)。耐圧容器内を50℃に昇温した後、スチレン2.5kgを加えて1時間重合させ、引き続いてブタジエン11.7kgを加えて2時間重合させ、さらにスチレン2.5kgを加えて1時間重合させることにより、ポリスチレン−ポリブタジエン−ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体を含む反応液を得た。
A層に用いるブロック共重合体に対する水添処理において、水素供給量をブロック共重合体の二重結合量に対して50モル%として、二重結合残存量が50モル%となる水素添加物(以下、TPE−8とする)とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の構成および各種物性評価の結果を表10または表11に示す。
A層に用いるブロック共重合体に対する水添処理において、水素圧力を1MPaとする代わりに、水素圧力を10MPaとして、二重結合残存量が1モル%の水素添加物(以下、TPE−9とする)とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラスを作製し、各種物性評価を行った。合わせガラス用中間膜の構成および各種物性評価の結果を表10または表11に示す。
2a B層
2b B層
11 A層のtanδ
41 実施例5で得られたA層における周期性(干渉性)散乱の方位角強度分布
42 比較例1で得られたA層における周期性(干渉性)散乱の方位角強度分布
70 合わせガラス
71 ガラス
72 ガラス
73 合わせガラス用中間膜
80 合わせガラス
81 鉄板
91 スタンド
Claims (19)
- 少なくとも1層の熱可塑性エラストマーを含有するA層、及び熱可塑性樹脂を含有するB層を含む合わせガラス用中間膜であって、
少なくとも2層のB層の間にA層が配置されてなる積層構成であり、
熱可塑性エラストマーが、ハードセグメントブロックとソフトセグメントブロックを有し、
熱可塑性エラストマー中のハードセグメントブロックの含有量が20質量%未満であり、
A層が、ハードセグメントブロックを島成分、ソフトセグメントブロックを海成分とする海島相分離構造を有し、
A層について小角X線散乱測定で得られる該ハードセグメントブロックまたは該ソフトセグメントブロックによる周期性散乱または干渉性散乱の方位角強度分布において、最大強度となる方位角を含む任意の方位角180度の範囲における最大強度値および最小強度値に基づいて、
配向度(1)を下記式(i):
B層の熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタールであり、
B層における可塑剤の含有量が熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して25質量部以下である、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 熱可塑性エラストマーを含有するA層を少なくとも1層含み、A層の少なくとも片面に熱可塑性樹脂を含むB層を有する合わせガラス用中間膜であって、
熱可塑性エラストマーが、ハードセグメントブロックとソフトセグメントブロックを有し、
熱可塑性エラストマー中のハードセグメントブロックの含有量が20質量%未満であり、
A層が、ハードセグメントブロックを島成分、ソフトセグメントブロックを海成分とする海島相分離構造を有し、
A層について小角X線散乱測定で得られる該ハードセグメントブロックまたは該ソフトセグメントブロックによる周期性散乱または干渉性散乱の方位角強度分布において、最大強度となる方位角を含む任意の方位角180度の範囲における最大強度値および最小強度値に基づいて、
配向度(1)を下記式(i):
B層の熱可塑性樹脂がアイオノマーである、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - ASTM D4065−06に基づいて周波数1000Hzの条件で動的粘弾性試験を行うことで測定されるA層のtanδが最大となるピークを−10〜30℃の範囲に有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- ASTM D4065−06に基づいて周波数1000Hzの条件で動的粘弾性試験を行うことで測定されるA層のtanδが最大となるピークが1.3以上である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記tanδが最大となるピークが1.5以上である、請求項5に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- B層における可塑剤の含有量が熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して50質量部以下である、請求項2〜6のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- ガラスの厚さの合計が4mm以下となる2枚のガラスで挟持した合わせガラスにおいて、ASTM E90−09の条件で測定される4000Hzにおける音響透過損失が37dB以上となる、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- ハードセグメントブロックがポリスチレンブロックまたはポリメチルメタクリレートブロックである、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜を構成する層の少なくとも1層に遮熱材料を含有する、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜を、ガラスの厚さの合計が4mm以下となる2枚のクリアガラスで挟持した合わせガラスにおいて、可視光透過率が70%以上となり、波長800〜1100nmの赤外線平均透過率が70%以下となる、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜を、ガラスの厚さの合計が4mm以下となる2枚のグリーンガラスで挟持した合わせガラスにおいて、可視光透過率が70%以上となり、波長800〜1100nmの赤外線平均透過率が32%以下となる、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 遮熱材料が、錫ドープ酸化インジウム、アンチモンドープ酸化錫、アンチモン酸亜鉛、金属ドープ酸化タングステン、フタロシアニン化合物、アルミニウムドープ酸化亜鉛、および六ホウ化ランタンの中から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項10〜12のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 金属ドープ酸化タングステンがセシウムドープ酸化タングステンである、請求項13に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- A層又はB層のいずれか少なくとも一層に遮熱材料を含有する、請求項10〜14のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 少なくともB層に紫外線吸収剤を含有する、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 紫外線吸収剤が、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、トリアジン系化合物、ベンゾエート系化合物、マロン酸エステル系化合物、およびシュウ酸アニリド系化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項16に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- ガラスの厚さの合計が4mm以下となる2枚のガラスで挟持した合わせガラスにおいて、ヘイズが5以下となる、請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 請求項1〜18のいずれかに記載の合わせガラス用中間膜が2枚のガラスの間に配置されてなる合わせガラス。
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