JP5189740B2 - 水素化精製方法 - Google Patents
水素化精製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5189740B2 JP5189740B2 JP2006138297A JP2006138297A JP5189740B2 JP 5189740 B2 JP5189740 B2 JP 5189740B2 JP 2006138297 A JP2006138297 A JP 2006138297A JP 2006138297 A JP2006138297 A JP 2006138297A JP 5189740 B2 JP5189740 B2 JP 5189740B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 132
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021472 group 8 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005457 triglyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 24
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 18
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 10
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002835 Pt–Ir Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002845 Pt–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018967 Pt—Rh Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQBOUNVXZQRXNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane;dichloropalladium Chemical compound N.N.N.N.Cl[Pd]Cl AQBOUNVXZQRXNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KHCPSOMSJYAQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane;dichloroplatinum Chemical compound N.N.N.N.Cl[Pt]Cl KHCPSOMSJYAQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017398 Au—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018885 Pt—Au Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Pt] Chemical compound [C].[Pt] DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940024545 aluminum hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HGHPQUIZVKPZEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynezirconium Chemical compound [B].[Zr] HGHPQUIZVKPZEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008264 cloud Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- RCYJPSGNXVLIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenetitanium Chemical compound [S].[Ti] RCYJPSGNXVLIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropylammonium Chemical class CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Landscapes
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
<触媒A>
ポリテトラフルオロエチレンビーカーに、市販のベーマイトパウダー(触媒化成工業社製)とシリカアルミナパウダー(触媒化成工業社製)とを、ケイ素/アルミニウムの原子数の比が15となるように混合し、蒸留水を加えて、加熱しながら濃縮、混練して粘土状の混練物を得た。この混練物に、ゼオライトとしての合成したプロトン型ZSM−5(ケイ素/アルミニウムの原子数の比:40)を酸化物換算で触媒全量の65質量%となるように加え、さらに混練した。得られた混練物を押出し成形機によって直径1.5mmのシリンダーの形状に押し出し、110℃で1時間乾燥した後、500℃で焼成し、成形担体を得た。
ポリテトラフルオロエチレンビーカーに、市販のベーマイトパウダー(触媒化成工業社製)とシリカアルミナパウダー(触媒化成工業社製)とを、ケイ素/アルミニウムの原子数の比が15となるように混合し、蒸留水を加えて、加熱しながら濃縮、混練して粘土状の混練物を得た。この混練物に、ゼオライトとしての合成したプロトン型ZSM−22(ケイ素/アルミニウムの原子数の比:45)を酸化物換算で触媒全量の65質量%となるように加え、さらに混練した。得られた混練物を押出し成形機によって直径1.5mmのシリンダーの形状に押し出し、110℃で1時間乾燥した後、500℃で焼成し、成形担体を得た。得られた成形担体10gに、触媒Aと同様に白金、パラジウムを担持して触媒Bを得た。触媒Bにおける白金、パラジウムの担持量は、触媒全量を基準として、白金が0.5質量%、パラジウムが0.7質量%であった。
濃度5質量%のアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液3000gに水ガラス3号18.0gを加えた混合液を、65℃に保温した濃度2.5質量%の硫酸アルミニウム水溶液に、pHが7.0になるまで滴下した。得られたスラリー状の生成物をフィルターに通して濾取し、ケーキ状のスラリーを得た。
触媒A(50ml)を充填した第一反応管(内径20mm)と、同じく触媒A(50ml)を充填した第二反応管(内径20mm)を直列に固定床流通式反応装置に取り付けた。その後、触媒層平均温度320℃、水素分圧5MPa、水素ガス量83ml/minの条件下で、6時間触媒の還元処理を行った。なお、還元状態にある触媒A1g当たりの一酸化炭素吸着量は0.037mmolであった。
触媒Aの代わりに触媒Bを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして水素化精製を行った。得られた結果を表1に示す。なお、還元状態にある触媒B1g当たりの一酸化炭素吸着量は0.035mmolであった。
第一反応管に触媒C(50ml)を充填し、第二反応管に触媒A(50ml)を充填して、実施例1と同様にして水素化精製を行った。得られた結果を表1に示す。なお、還元状態にある触媒C1g当たりの一酸化炭素吸着量は0.038mmolであった。
触媒Aの代わりに触媒Cを用い、第一反応管の反応温度を200℃、第二反応管の反応温度を310℃とし、実施例1と同様にして水素化精製を行った。得られた結果を表1に示す。
実施例1〜3及び比較例1の水素化精製により得られた精製油は、蒸留によって沸点150℃より軽質な留分を除いた後、残さ(灯軽油留分)について、曇り点をJIS K2269「原油及び石油製品の流動点並びに石油製品曇り点試験方法」に準拠して測定した。また、上記残さ中のパラフィン分について、ノルマルパラフィンに対するイソパラフィンの質量比(イソパラフィンの質量/ノルマルパラフィンの質量)を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 水素の存在下、
含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する被処理油と、
結晶性モレキュラシーブを含む担体、並びに、該担体に担持された周期律表第6A族及び第8族の元素から選ばれる1種以上の金属を含有する触媒と、を接触させる水素化精製工程を経て精製油を得る水素化精製方法であり、
前記含酸素炭化水素化合物は、動植物油に由来する油脂成分であり、
前記水素は、前記被処理油に随伴して導入される水素ガスと、クエンチ水素として導入される水素ガスとを含み、前記被処理油に随伴して導入される水素ガスに対する前記クエンチ水素の割合が10〜60容量%であり、
前記水素化精製工程は、
前記被処理油と、結晶性モレキュラシーブを含む担体、又は、アルミニウム、ケイ素、ジルコニウム、ホウ素、チタン及びマグネシウムから選ばれる2種以上の元素を含んで構成される多孔性無機酸化物、並びに、前記担体又は前記多孔性無機酸化物に担持された周期律表第6A族及び第8族の元素から選ばれる1種以上の金属を含有する触媒とを、水素圧力2〜13MPa、液空間速度0.1〜3.0h−1、水素油比250〜1500NL/L、反応温度150〜380℃の条件下で接触させて第一精製油を得る第一水素化工程と、
前記第一精製油と、結晶性モレキュラシーブを含む担体、並びに、該担体に担持された周期律表第6A族及び第8族の元素から選ばれる1種以上の金属を含有する触媒とを、水素圧力2〜13MPa、液空間速度0.1〜3.0h−1、水素油比250〜1500NL/L、反応温度150〜380℃の条件下で接触させて第二精製油を得る第二水素化工程と、を含み、
前記第一水素化工程は、前記被処理油に含まれる初期酸素分の70質量%以上を除去して前記第一精製油を得る工程であり、
前記第二水素化工程は、前記初期酸素分の95質量%以上が除去されるように、前記第一精製油に残存する酸素分を除去して前記第二精製油を得る工程であり、
前記第二水素化工程は、前記第二精製油の150〜350℃の留分に含まれるパラフィン分において、ノルマルパラフィンに対するイソパラフィンの比(イソパラフィンの質量/ノルマルパラフィンの質量)が0.2以上となるように行うことを特徴とする水素化精製方法。 - 前記被処理油の全量を基準として、酸素分の含有量が0.1〜15質量%であり、硫黄分の含有量が50質量ppm以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の水素化精製方法。
- 前記含酸素炭化水素化合物に占めるトリグリセリド構造を有する化合物の割合が90モル%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の水素化精製方法。
- 前記結晶性モレキュラシーブがケイ素を含むゼオライトを含有し、該ゼオライトは、酸素及びケイ素を除く構成元素に対するケイ素の比(ケイ素の原子数/酸素及びケイ素以外の元素の原子数)が3以上のものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の水素化精製方法。
- 前記金属が、Pd、Pt、Rh、Ir、Au、Ni及びMoから選ばれる1種以上の元素を含むものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか1項に記載の水素化精製方法。
- 前記金属が還元状態にある前記触媒1g当たりの一酸化炭素吸着量が0.003〜0.05mmolの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のうちのいずれか1項に記載の水素化精製方法。
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