EP0600502B1 - Standbeutel mit verbesserter Einstichöffnung - Google Patents
Standbeutel mit verbesserter Einstichöffnung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0600502B1 EP0600502B1 EP93119475A EP93119475A EP0600502B1 EP 0600502 B1 EP0600502 B1 EP 0600502B1 EP 93119475 A EP93119475 A EP 93119475A EP 93119475 A EP93119475 A EP 93119475A EP 0600502 B1 EP0600502 B1 EP 0600502B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- foil
- beverage container
- sealing
- container according
- piercing opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012939 laminating adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/52—Details
- B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/008—Standing pouches, i.e. "Standbeutel"
Definitions
- the invention relates to a beverage container, in particular beverage bags made of monomaterial or multi-layer composite material, which is provided with a puncture opening for piercing a drinking straw.
- DE-A-10 99 445 Another structure is described in DE-A-10 99 445, which is implemented on a tetrahedral packaging container.
- the container wall is formed from a carrier layer and a plastic layer on the inside.
- An opening is provided for inserting a drinking straw, but this does not go through the inner plastic layer.
- the drinking straw only has to penetrate the plastic layer at this puncture opening.
- the present invention is based on the object of creating a beverage container which enables easy insertion of a drinking straw and which is also justifiable from the point of view of environmental protection,
- this object is achieved by a beverage container with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 or claim 2.
- This solution enables simple insertion of the drinking straw without an additional tear-open flap to be attached to the outside, the puncture opening being sealed only by a sealing film which is attached to the inside of the mono- or composite material around the puncture opening.
- the weld at the puncture opening is relieved by fixing the sealing film to the side seams.
- the sealing film can either be welded in a ring-shaped, square, rectangular, grid-like manner or in concentric circles around the puncture opening on the inside of the mono- or composite material as a "patch". It is crucial that there is a tight seal around the puncture opening.
- the puncture opening can either be a puncture hole or be punched into the mono or composite material like a cross slot.
- a cross-slit puncture opening gives me the advantage that the material of the container wall is still largely available as an oxygen barrier.
- Polyethylene, polypropylene and copolymers are provided as materials for the sealing film.
- the material which is between 20 and 60 ⁇ m thin, allows the straw to be easily inserted, thereby avoiding piercing the back of the bag and preventing the liquid from escaping uncontrollably from the puncture hole.
- the use of composite film as a sealing film has proven to be particularly advantageous, the structure of which can look like the following: sealing material, coupling agent, barrier layer, coupling agent, sealing material, polyethylene, polypropylene and copolymers being suitable as sealing material, and materials such as EVOH, polyamides as the barrier layer or polyvinyl alcohol can be used.
- the sealing film can not only be produced as a coextrusion film, but the individual film layers can also be connected using laminating adhesive.
- One advantage of such composite films is that the barrier layers are hardly permeable to oxygen, and thus there is ideal protection for the filling material.
- the closure film can simply be designed as a strip and fixed to the side seams of the beverage bag by means of additional welding spots.
- sealing film strip is made so wide that it protrudes in the area of the head seal seam, sufficient sealable material is available in this critical area so that the head seal seam can be securely welded in any case, also with regard to any foam formation and splashes of juice that may occur. Due to the additional sealing material at this point, the sealing layer of the front or back of the bag can be kept thinner, which leads to a more cost-effective production of the beverage bags. In this context, sealing film strips thicker than 60 ⁇ m can also be used.
- the composite material which can be constructed as follows, for example, from the outside in: Polyester film / printing ink / laminating adhesive / aluminum foil / laminating adhesive / polyethylene film.
- the laminating adhesive which is applied between aluminum foil and polyester foil, is exposed in conventional manufacturing processes by punching out the polyester foil.
- the adhesive must therefore dry quickly so that the film webs do not stick together on the roll.
- solvent-based adhesives One waives on the other hand, on the hole in the polyester film, since the puncture hole is only punched later in the course of the bag production, there is the possibility of using a solvent-free adhesive, which in turn is positive from an environmental point of view.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a beverage bag 1 made of multilayer composite material 3 with a puncture hole 2 for piercing a drinking straw, with a height h and a width b.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the front bag wall 14 of the beverage bag 1, consisting of a triple composite material 3, which is constructed from the outside in as follows: polyester film 6 (12 ⁇ m) / / printing ink / laminating adhesive 13 / aluminum film 5 (12 ⁇ m) / Laminating adhesive 13 / polyethylene film 4 (100 ⁇ m). A puncture hole 2 is punched through all layers 4, 5, 6 for piercing a drinking straw.
- a sealing film 7 is welded around the puncture hole 2 at the welding points 8.
- the beverage container is thus closed by the closure film 7, which can be easily pierced with a drinking straw.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the sealing film strip 7 is welded in a ring around the puncture hole 2 at the welding points 8 on the inside of the composite material 3, and is additionally fixed to the side seams 12 of the beverage bag by means of welding points 9.
- the sealing film strip does not protrude into the area of the head sealing seam 10.
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment, the closure film 11 being welded in a ring shape as a “patch” around the puncture hole 2 at the welding points 8 on the inside of the composite material 3.
- Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of the invention, wherein the sealing film strip 7 is attached as in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, but is so wide that it protrudes into the area of the head seal 10 to be welded to be, whereby there is sufficient sealable material to securely weld the sealing seam 10, so that the inner polyethylene layer 4 can be reduced to less than 90-100 microns thick.
- the welding of the sealing film around the puncture hole 2 is not limited to an annular shape.
- a monomaterial such as polyethylene or else a composite film can be used as the sealing film material, which can be constructed as follows: polyethylene film / coupling agent / EVOH / coupling agent / polyethylene film.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Bag Frames (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59306656.1T DE59306656C5 (de) | 1992-12-02 | 1993-12-02 | Standbeutel mit verbesserter Einstichöffnung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4240540A DE4240540A1 (de) | 1992-12-02 | 1992-12-02 | Standbeutel mit verbesserter Einstichöffnung |
DE4240540 | 1992-12-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0600502A2 EP0600502A2 (de) | 1994-06-08 |
EP0600502A3 EP0600502A3 (de) | 1995-06-14 |
EP0600502B1 true EP0600502B1 (de) | 1997-06-04 |
Family
ID=6474220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93119475A Expired - Lifetime EP0600502B1 (de) | 1992-12-02 | 1993-12-02 | Standbeutel mit verbesserter Einstichöffnung |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5425583A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0600502B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2690263B2 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1037951C (es) |
AT (1) | ATE153959T1 (es) |
DE (3) | DE4240540A1 (es) |
DK (1) | DK0600502T3 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2105055T3 (es) |
GR (1) | GR3023759T3 (es) |
SA (1) | SA94140623B1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202008005650U1 (de) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-23 | Plümat Plate & Lübeck GmbH & Co. | Standbodenbeutel |
Families Citing this family (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1995023742A1 (fr) | 1994-03-03 | 1995-09-08 | Braintrust Ltd | Enceinte etanche, procede de fabrication de cette enceinte et procede pour conditionner une boisson dans cette enceinte |
DE4446104C2 (de) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-04-03 | Sisi Werke Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Getränkebehälters |
CA2237427C (fr) * | 1995-11-16 | 2006-05-23 | Carapak Braintrust Nv | Enceinte etanche et procede de conditionnement d'un liquide dans cette enceinte |
WO1997046459A1 (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-12-11 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Easy-access beverage pouch |
USD409481S (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1999-05-11 | The Coca-Cola Company | Container |
US6076968A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 2000-06-20 | The Coca-Cola Company | Easy open flexible pouch |
US6164825A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 2000-12-26 | The Coca-Cola Company | Stable, flexible, easy open pouch |
FR2757484B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-23 | 1999-02-26 | Braintrust Ltd | Enceinte etanche et procede de fabrication d'une ebauche d'enceinte etanche |
US5961210A (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1999-10-05 | Mccardel; Brian R. | Bone cement preparation device, and methods of constructing and utilizing same |
US6375001B1 (en) | 1997-02-21 | 2002-04-23 | Harland J. Beach | Liquid storing pouch and extractor |
US6270255B1 (en) | 1997-04-18 | 2001-08-07 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Opening system for beverage container |
US5876328A (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-03-02 | Endolap, Inc. | Surgical camera drape assembly and method |
US5873656A (en) * | 1997-05-21 | 1999-02-23 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Straw-access system for flexible beverage pouch |
US5833368A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-11-10 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Pull tab opening system for beverage container |
TW374070B (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1999-11-11 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co | Self-supporting bag and self-supporting package and method for producing them |
US5997177A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-12-07 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Tamper-evident opening system for beverage container |
EP1035032A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-13 | Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. | Snack package with protective cover |
WO2001076862A2 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-18 | C.L.P. Industries Ltd. | Drink pouches and methods of producing them |
USD455645S1 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2002-04-16 | Kapak Corporation | Pouch for holding liquids |
NL1016292C2 (nl) | 2000-09-28 | 2002-04-02 | Itsac Nv | Zak alsmede een afgiftesysteem omvattende een dergelijke zak en werkwijzen voor de vervaardiging en het vullen van een dergelijke zak. |
USD448988S1 (en) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-10-09 | Kapak Corporation | Stand-up pouch for holding liquids |
US20020114543A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-22 | Murray R. Charles | Straw pierceable flexible pouch |
US6485177B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2002-11-26 | Gary M. Bell | Flexible stand-up pouch constructions for dispensing liquids |
US6869666B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2005-03-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Controlled-puncture films |
US6579390B2 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2003-06-17 | International Paper | Container patch and method of formation |
EP1291290A1 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-12 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Stand-up pouch for packaging food products |
US20030128900A1 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-10 | John Lawrie | Pouch with pierceable channel |
US20040057637A1 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-03-25 | Akira Nishibe | Pouch with a straw hole and method of manufacturing the same |
US7055683B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2006-06-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multiple compartment pouch and beverage container with smooth curve frangible seal |
US20040161177A1 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-08-19 | N'dia Franck-Phillippe | Easily opened fluid pouch |
JP2006213358A (ja) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-17 | Daiwa Gravure Co Ltd | インクパッケージ |
US8523440B2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2013-09-03 | Bevi Corporation | Disposable seal and lock beverage pouch |
US20060285782A1 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-21 | Eileen Walker | Disposable seal and lock foil beverage pouch and the operating machinery to manufacture such product |
US20060278649A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-14 | Chern Kenneth C | Fluid container with integrated straw |
US20060280391A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-14 | Joseph Buggs | Z&G system |
US7757892B2 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2010-07-20 | Bosch Pouch Systems Ag | Closure device for closed receptacles of plastic film |
US7648023B2 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2010-01-19 | Cygnus Medical Llc | Endoscope pre-clean kit |
DE102006032614A1 (de) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik Gmbh | Getränkeverpackung mit einer Einstichhilfe für einen Trinkhalm |
WO2010030664A2 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-18 | International Packaging Innovations, Llc | Patched drinking water bag |
US20100215294A1 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-08-26 | Bosch Pouch Systems Ag | Disposable beverage pouch with nipple |
US20100262280A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Miller Michael A | Display-Based Vending Apparatus and Method |
EP2497636A1 (de) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-09-12 | Deutsche SiSi-Werke Betriebs GmbH | Verbessertes Verbundsystem für Verpackungen |
EP2508445A1 (de) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-10 | Elag Verpackungen AG | Verpackungsbeutel mit Aufreissverschluss |
DE102011121647A1 (de) | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-20 | riha WeserGold Getränke GmbH & Co. KG | Getränkebehälter mit Trinkhalm-Einstichöffnung |
JP5990648B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-10 | 2016-09-14 | ドイチェ ジジ−ヴェルケ ベトリープス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 穿孔の可能性が向上した飲料容器 |
US9056759B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2015-06-16 | Bacardi & Company Ltd. | Beverage dispensing system |
US11254086B2 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2022-02-22 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Packaging material for packaging of light-sensitive goods and method for producing said packaging material |
US11548255B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 | 2023-01-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods of making vented flexible containers |
WO2018156309A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods of making flexible containers with structural support frames |
WO2018175149A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods of opening flexible containers |
US11998918B2 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2024-06-04 | Radiometer Medical Aps | Bag containing a reference fluid |
US11338975B2 (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2022-05-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Container blanks for flexible packages and methods of making flexible packages |
CN109466860A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-03-15 | 林楠琦 | 可插管的包装袋 |
WO2023144302A1 (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-03 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Packs for beverage preparation system |
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DE365997C (de) * | 1922-12-27 | Emil Winkler | Hemmschuh mit um den Schienenkopf greifenden Klauen | |
GB759530A (en) * | 1954-01-15 | 1956-10-17 | James Pickering | Improvements in or relating to containers for materials in liquid or powdered form |
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JPS5591769A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1980-07-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Ignition distributor for internal combustion engine |
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JPS6018774B2 (ja) * | 1981-06-18 | 1985-05-13 | デユツク・ヨウング・キム | 水路式合成樹脂製法面格子枠 |
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JPS60134761U (ja) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-09-07 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | ストロ−タブ付包装容器 |
US4762514A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1988-08-09 | Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Method of making beverage packaging bag |
DE3808303A1 (de) * | 1988-03-12 | 1989-09-21 | Pkl Verpackungssysteme Gmbh | Quaderfoermige flachgiebelpackung und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
US4858766A (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1989-08-22 | Tsai Wen S | Sucking hole structure for an aluminium foil beverage container |
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-
1992
- 1992-12-02 DE DE4240540A patent/DE4240540A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-12-02 DE DE4244843A patent/DE4244843C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-11-30 US US08/158,999 patent/US5425583A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-01 JP JP5301442A patent/JP2690263B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-02 ES ES93119475T patent/ES2105055T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-02 CN CN93114733.6A patent/CN1037951C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-02 AT AT93119475T patent/ATE153959T1/de active
- 1993-12-02 EP EP93119475A patent/EP0600502B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-02 DE DE59306656.1T patent/DE59306656C5/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-02 DK DK93119475.7T patent/DK0600502T3/da active
-
1994
- 1994-03-28 SA SA94140623A patent/SA94140623B1/ar unknown
-
1997
- 1997-06-11 GR GR970401403T patent/GR3023759T3/el unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202008005650U1 (de) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-23 | Plümat Plate & Lübeck GmbH & Co. | Standbodenbeutel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0600502T3 (da) | 1997-10-13 |
CN1091388A (zh) | 1994-08-31 |
DE59306656C5 (de) | 2014-09-25 |
EP0600502A3 (de) | 1995-06-14 |
JPH072259A (ja) | 1995-01-06 |
US5425583A (en) | 1995-06-20 |
GR3023759T3 (en) | 1997-09-30 |
DE59306656D1 (de) | 1997-07-10 |
ATE153959T1 (de) | 1997-06-15 |
SA94140623B1 (ar) | 2006-06-10 |
DE4240540A1 (de) | 1994-06-09 |
EP0600502A2 (de) | 1994-06-08 |
ES2105055T3 (es) | 1997-10-16 |
DE4244843C2 (de) | 1999-07-15 |
JP2690263B2 (ja) | 1997-12-10 |
CN1037951C (zh) | 1998-04-08 |
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