WO2019193064A1 - Coin d'écartement mécanique - Google Patents

Coin d'écartement mécanique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019193064A1
WO2019193064A1 PCT/EP2019/058422 EP2019058422W WO2019193064A1 WO 2019193064 A1 WO2019193064 A1 WO 2019193064A1 EP 2019058422 W EP2019058422 W EP 2019058422W WO 2019193064 A1 WO2019193064 A1 WO 2019193064A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wedge
threaded
threaded spindle
expanding
spindle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/058422
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Zaglacher
Original Assignee
Andreas Zaglacher
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andreas Zaglacher filed Critical Andreas Zaglacher
Publication of WO2019193064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019193064A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/14—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on borides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/099—Auxiliary devices, e.g. felling wedges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an expanding wedge (1) for insertion into a gap and for spreading the gap, in particular a Hurllkei! for insertion into a saw blade in a tree according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Hydraulic expansion as described in DE2446482A1, have the disadvantage that they are very large and heavy and are therefore hardly suitable for commercial use, from an ergonomic point of view.
  • the spreader has a threaded body having a threaded bore by means of which it can be moved by the threaded spindle, and in turn moves the wedge body
  • the threaded body consists of at least two threaded shafts, which can be assembled so that the threaded body is in engagement with the threaded spindle, and which can be separated from each other so that the engagement can be solved and the threaded body without rotational movement along the threaded spindle can be moved.
  • the threaded body has two or more threaded cups, which are for driving through the threaded spindle! be firmly locked together by being held together by wedges or clamps or a locking mechanism, and the threaded shells after a drive of the wedge body by loosening the wedges or clamps or a release mechanism can be solved from each other, so that the wedge body without rotational movement of the threaded spindle back into a Basic position can be pushed.
  • the threaded body may consist of a plurality of threaded cups with thread segments which are pressed together by insertion into a wedge surface or into a cone and thus sealing the threaded segments, and the threaded shells can be separated by a release of the wedge surfaces or the cone, so that the midge body without Rotary movement of the threaded spindle can be pushed back into a normal position.
  • the threaded cups of the threaded body can be positively connected to each other, and the threaded body is secured by the assembled threaded shafts against axial displacement along the threaded spindle without rotational movement.
  • the threaded shafts of the threaded body are biased by at least one spring element so that they are not in engagement with the threaded spindle.
  • the spring element may be a suspension or other element which interconnects the threaded shafts combines. Therefore, without an additional force or at a relief of the expansion of the wedge body remains displaceable along the threaded spindle.
  • a stop element in particular a Endanschlagsbolzen provided, on which the threaded body can aufiaufen, and determines the maximum displacement of the threaded body so that the threaded body is secured against a partial or complete leaving the threaded spindle.
  • the threaded spindle is arranged in a cavity of the wedge body, which forms a lubricant reservoir and has at least one lubrication hole which connects the cavity with an outer surface of the wedge body, which is in sliding contact with one of the wedge plates.
  • the threaded spindle with an angle of 10 ° to 40 ° relative to an angle bisector, which define the two wedge plates, mounted in the wedge body.
  • This asymmetrical arrangement of the threaded spindle in the expanding wedge causes rotation of the spindle, e.g. can be performed with a screwdriver at an angle of the screwdriver axis to the longitudinal axis of the expanding wedge, which allows a more ergonomic way of working.
  • the threaded spindle can be mounted substantially parallel to one of the wedge plates aligned in the wedge body.
  • Vorzugseise the expanding wedge on a transmission, which ungs on an external drive movable, the threaded spindle on the integrated transmission (for example, a worm gear), which is a protective mechanism against Has overload, is driven. This avoids that in an overload, the gear or the Gewindespindei or the threaded body is destroyed.
  • an integrated or mounted slip clutch can be provided, which is connected directly upstream of the transmission, and preferably in a fluid bath running away carries away soft heat and ensures a uniform frictional engagement.
  • a wear part can be provided as a protective mechanism, which breaks or shears at a specified overload.
  • the wedge body may have a plurality of cavities, wherein one is provided as a lubricant reservoir.
  • the cavities reduce the weight of the expanding wedge.
  • the wedge body may have on the base body side facing a seal which prevents the escape of the lubricant and also strips the dirt from the threaded spindle.
  • the wedge plates are fastened via at least one screw connection to a base body, and in addition one or more recesses of the wedge plates are provided which enclose elevations on the base body and thus produce a form fit.
  • the wedge body and / or the wedge plates and / or the threaded spindle (4) preferably have a lubricious tikbe Partäge coating, which may consist of polymers.
  • the threaded body has two elevations of about half a thread pitch with stop surfaces, in which abuts the Endanschiagsboizen and thereby stops or blocks the propulsion of the wedge body. This reduces the frictional engagement of the stop bolts on the threaded body.
  • the Gewindespindei may have one or more holes or openings in which stop bolts are introduced at the end.
  • the threaded spindle may have at the end of a collar or stop ring or screw head sawing ring or disc, which blocks the projection of the wedge body by the supernatant.
  • the expanding wedge may have a worm gear which is mounted obliquely in a base body.
  • the expanding wedge on a base body on which the wedge plates are fixed with their ends facing away from the tip of the expanding wedge, and on which the threaded spindle is rotatably mounted.
  • the keying sheets may be fastened to the base body via at least one screwed connection, and preferably one or more cutouts of the keying sheets may enclose elevations on the base body and thus produce a positive fit.
  • the base body is preferably a gear, particularly preferably arranged a worm gear for driving the threaded spindle! with an external drive like a cordless screwdriver.
  • a receptacle for connection to a ratchet or ratchet for driving the threaded spindle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an expansion element 1 according to the invention with a base body 15 and recesses 25 in wedge plates 2 and additional elevations 26, which are enclosed by the recesses 25 and screws 24 are secured with soft wedge plates 2;
  • Fig. 2 a side view of the spreading 1 with a gear 12;
  • Fig. 3 a first sectional view of the expanding wedge 1 with gear 12 and
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of FIG. 2 rotated by 90 ° about the longitudinal axis
  • Fig. 6 a more detailed view of the threaded body 9 in the simple
  • Fig. 7 a more detailed view of a threaded body 9 in the divided
  • FIG. 8 shows a more detailed view of a variant of a threaded body 9 with more than two threaded cups 21;
  • Fig. 10 an expanding wedge 1 which is driven only by a ratchet or screwdriver;
  • 11 and 12 an ergonomic oblique threaded spindle
  • FIG. 14 shows an expanding wedge according to the invention in a spread-open state.
  • the device according to the invention relates to a mechanical expanding wedge 1 for insertion into the sawing gap of a tree or for spreading or lifting objects.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment according to the invention of a mechanical expansion 1 for insertion into the sawgespait a tree.
  • the expanding wedge 1 has two wedge-shaped plates 2 tapering towards each other and an interposed wedge body 3, which is pressed by means of rotary movement of a threaded spindle 4 between the wedge plates 2 and thus spreads the wedge plates 2, wherein the counter-pressure of the threaded spindle 4 via a thrust bearing 5 preferably thrust bearing or Tapered roller bearing is added.
  • the felling wedge 1 of FIG. 1 is a tapered roller bearing 20.
  • a wedge-body bore 6 is used as the lubricant reservoir 14, and the keying body 3 at the end of the wedge-body bore 6 has at least one lubrication hole 7 which conveys lubricant between sliding surfaces on the keying body 3 and wedge-shaped bends 2.
  • the invention may preferably provide that the wedge body 3 has a fixed verf secured threaded body 9 with a sliding internal thread on which preferably on the side facing away from the lubricant reservoir, a seal 10 is mounted so that the threaded spindles 4 runs in the lubricating bath, but only one low Schmierverschleppung comes and the entry of dirt is prevented if possible.
  • the threaded body 9 also serves as a fixed stop for the threaded spindle 4 while a stop surface 11 includes (see Fig. 6), which offers the Endanschlagsbolzen 8 a maximum bearing surface and thereby wear and seizure in threads with a small Slope as possible prevented.
  • a stop surface 11 includes (see Fig. 6), which offers the Endanschlagsbolzen 8 a maximum bearing surface and thereby wear and seizure in threads with a small Slope as possible prevented.
  • This is inventively achieved by a Anschiags simulation 11, which corresponds to the radius or the shape of the end stop pin 8, wherein it is necessary that the survey is not greater than half a thread pitch.
  • the invention provides that the end stop pin 8 strikes in its further function, the lubricant from the outer walls of the lubricating reservoir 14 and ultimately also on the pre-rotation of the threaded spindle! 4 transported in the direction of lubricating hole 7. Due to the generous lubricant reservoir 14 and the continuous automatic relubrication by the working process, it is no longer possible to dry the friction surfaces and the threaded spindle 4. The filling of the lubricating reservoir is provided via a grease nipple.
  • the invention provides in a weight-optimized embodiment according to FIG. 5, that the wedge body 3 is provided with more than one Hohiraum.
  • This wedge body 3 provides next to the Aufiage lake for the wedge plates 2, the cavity for the lubricant reservoir 14 before and more cavities separated me webs 16 are.
  • the webs 16 are arranged so that they connect the wedge surfaces and absorb the forces acting between the wedge surfaces.
  • the webs 16 m Hauptbeiastungs Scheme at the wedge tip of the wedge body 3 are wider than in the region of the threaded body 9.
  • a continuous taper of the webs from the top to the broad part of the wedge body 3 in Area of the threaded body 9 is provided.
  • the tree In order to minimize harvest losses when graining the wood, the tree is recut as low as possible on the rooting mixture.
  • the forestry worker can perform his job standing.
  • the turning of the threaded spindle 4 is done with a ratchet or an electric screwdriver, it is necessary that one has to bend over for this job.
  • the invention provides in a further embodiment according to FIGS. 11 and 12, that the threaded spindle 4 is inserted obliquely into the wedge body 3 for ergonomic reasons, so that a wedge surface is closer to the threaded spindle 4 than the opposite one.
  • the tool required to rotate the threaded spindle 4 can be set at two different angles. With the asymmetrical design you can reach by turning by 180 ° another Anlagenwinkei. The hints! for the preparation of the tools is thus much more ergonomic for the forestry worker.
  • an ergonomic working angle is achieved by allowing the worm drive 22 to be positioned as desired at an angle to the worm wheel 27.
  • either a frictional coating is applied to the wedge surfaces or the friction surfaces are provided with a structure which prevents the wedge plates from slipping during the wedge process.
  • the shape or nature of the coating is depending on the purpose. For example, it is also intended to spread car doors in a fire service. For this purpose, sharp-edged hardened surface gears are provided.
  • the invention provides in a further embodiment that the threaded body 9 has two threaded cups 21 which move in a wedge surface.
  • the threaded cups 9 are opened by a mechanical operation after the labor input, so that the wedge body 3 can be pushed into the starting position.
  • the threaded cups 21 are then closed again in the normal position.
  • the tight closing of the threaded shells to the thread gauge is carried out by the acting axial force of the threaded spindle 4 during the propulsion and the radial force acting thereby on the Keii sentiment on the threaded cups.
  • two threaded cups 21 are connected to each other by means of C-shaped brackets which engage around corresponding beveled surfaces of the threaded cups 1. By a movement of the brackets 29 to the outside, the threaded cups 21 are pressed together.
  • multi-shell internal thread is pressed by a mechanical actuation in a wedge surface or a cone 23 and thereby closed, or alternately, printed in the opposite direction of the Keii sentiment and thereby opened.
  • the wedge surface or the cone 23 ensures that the threaded shells 21 tightly close by the axial force of the threaded spindle 4. So that the clamping of the threaded spindle 4 is prevented and the threaded shells 21 can only close to the thread gauge, it is provided that previously the threaded shafts mechanically support each other or that they are limited by a stop collar. It is envisaged that in addition to the threaded body 9 and the cone 23 and the threaded cups 21 are secured against rotation.
  • the threaded shells 21 are also positively but slidably connected together so that there is no axial displacement between the threaded cups 21 with each other can give.
  • a Dreh.- or sliding mechanism can be used.
  • the direct opening and closing of the threaded shafts 21 is provided with a movement of Keii emotionss because the movement can always be done without load. A pulling on the wedge body is sufficient that the threaded cups 21 are conveyed out of the wedge surface or the cone 23 and open.
  • the wedge plates 2 receive a plurality of teardrop-shaped recesses 25 which are hooked to the elevations 26 of the base body 15 and thus can absorb the shearing force.
  • the screws 24 are only for attachment.
  • the dargestel in Fig. 3 te te spread 1 has two laterally arranged wedge plates 2 and a wedge body 3, which is provided for propulsion into the saw blade.
  • the wedge plates 2 run here keiiartig each other.
  • the expanding wedge 1 has as a propulsion mechanism a driven threaded spindle 4 which is driven via a gear 12 with slip clutch 13.
  • the threaded body 9 is formschiüssig mounted in the wedge body 3 and secured with locking pins 17 against slipping out.
  • the threaded body 9 has on the side facing away from the lubricant reservoir side a seal 10 which prevents lubricant escaping and in addition dirt is stripped off.
  • a seal 10 which prevents lubricant escaping and in addition dirt is stripped off.
  • In the front region of the threaded spindle 4 is or the Endanschlagsbolzen 8.
  • In the central region is secured with a clamping pin 18, the nut 19, which introduces the force to the counter-bearing.
  • the illustration shows a bearing in the Schmidtiagerung a Schrägroilenlager 20.
  • the lubricant reservoir 14 has a taper, in which the lubrication holes 7 open. in Fig. 5, the projecting Endanschlagsbolzen 8 can be seen. In it are also the webs 16 and between the cavities that connect the two Keii Jerusalem the wedge body 3 together dargestelit
  • the threaded body 9 with a seal 10 and the two abutment surfaces 11 are shown in Fig. 6 enlarged dargestelit.
  • a further threaded body 9 is shown with a plurality of threaded cups 21.
  • two threaded cups 21.1 are open and another two threaded cups 21.2 are closed.
  • worm drive 22 is shown with slip clutch 13.
  • Fig. 10 is an expanding wedge 1 is shown which is driven by an external screwdriver. In this variant, the transmission is dispensed with.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 the ergonomic oblique threaded spindle 4 can be seen in the two variants, the different working angles are shown as angles.
  • FIG. 13 shows a variant with an ergonomic worm drive 22. The illustration is from the rear side on the base body 15.
  • Fig. 14 shows an expanding wedge according to the invention in the spread state.
  • the wedge plates 2 are pressed here by the wedge body 3 displaced to the left to the outside and thus expand a gap in which the expanding wedge is inserted.
  • the threaded body 9 a plurality of threaded cups 21. in holes 30 (not shown) spring elements can be introduced, which press the threaded shells in the unloaded state to the outside.
  • a cone 23 ensures that when spreading the Sp Drokkeiis 1, the threaded shells 21 are pressed nuch inside to ensure the adhesion with the threaded spindle 4.
  • the cone 23 may be arranged on the threaded body 9 or formed by this. List of references for expanding wedge 1
  • Locking pin 17 Locking pin 18

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un coin d'écartement (1) pour la mise en oeuvre dans une fente et pour l'écartement de la fente, notamment un coin d'abattage pour la mise en oeuvre dans une fente de scie dans un arbre, le coin d'écartement présentant deux tôles de coin (2) de type conique convergeant l'une vers l'autre et un corps de coin (3) disposé mobile entre les deux, qui peut être entraîné par un mouvement rotatif d'une broche filetée (4) de manière à agrandir un angle formé par les tôles de coin, lors d'une rotation vers l'intérieur et à le réduire de nouveau lors d'une rotation vers l'extérieur. Selon l'invention, un corps taraudé (9) présente une perforation dotée d'un taraudage (28), au moyen de laquelle il peut être déplacé par la broche filetée (4), déplaçant à son tour le corps de coin (3), le corps taraudé (9) se composant d'au moins deux coques taraudées (21) pouvant être assemblées de manière que le corps taraudé (9) muni de son taraudage (28) soit en prise avec la broche filetée (4) et que celles-ci puissent être séparées l'une de l'autre de manière à libérer la prise et à pouvoir faire glisser le corps taraudé (9) sans mouvement rotatif le long de la broche filetée (4).
PCT/EP2019/058422 2018-04-03 2019-04-03 Coin d'écartement mécanique WO2019193064A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA92/2018 2018-04-03
ATA92/2018A AT521089A1 (de) 2018-04-03 2018-04-03 Mechanischer Fällkeil, mechanischer Spreizkeil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019193064A1 true WO2019193064A1 (fr) 2019-10-10

Family

ID=66165980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/058422 WO2019193064A1 (fr) 2018-04-03 2019-04-03 Coin d'écartement mécanique

Country Status (2)

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AT (1) AT521089A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019193064A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2446482A1 (de) 1973-11-07 1975-05-22 Fiskars Ab Oy Baumfaellkeil
DE202013003893U1 (de) 2013-04-24 2013-05-16 Stefan Reichenbach Spreizkeil
AT14340U1 (de) 2014-06-17 2015-08-15 Koller Ges M B H Mechanischer Fällkeil
DE202017001876U1 (de) 2017-04-08 2017-06-14 Florian Bauer Spreizkeil mit einem Endanschlagelement

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1982715U (de) * 1967-12-08 1968-04-04 Helmut Oberhuber Spreizkeil fuer saegefugen von zu faellenden, gegen ihre fallrichtung geneigten baeumen.
DE102014007416A1 (de) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Atemag Aggregatetechnologie Und Manufaktur Ag Hydraulisch-mechanischer Fällkeil zum Einsetzen in den Sägespalt eines Baumes
DE202016006690U1 (de) * 2016-10-29 2016-12-28 Josef Strobl jun. Spreizkeil mit einer Gewinde-Einzugshilfe

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2446482A1 (de) 1973-11-07 1975-05-22 Fiskars Ab Oy Baumfaellkeil
DE202013003893U1 (de) 2013-04-24 2013-05-16 Stefan Reichenbach Spreizkeil
AT14340U1 (de) 2014-06-17 2015-08-15 Koller Ges M B H Mechanischer Fällkeil
DE202017001876U1 (de) 2017-04-08 2017-06-14 Florian Bauer Spreizkeil mit einem Endanschlagelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT521089A1 (de) 2019-10-15

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