KR20010027806A - Culturing method of cordyceps spp - Google Patents

Culturing method of cordyceps spp Download PDF

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KR20010027806A
KR20010027806A KR1019990039727A KR19990039727A KR20010027806A KR 20010027806 A KR20010027806 A KR 20010027806A KR 1019990039727 A KR1019990039727 A KR 1019990039727A KR 19990039727 A KR19990039727 A KR 19990039727A KR 20010027806 A KR20010027806 A KR 20010027806A
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김천환
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/10Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/40Cultivation of spawn
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    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/04Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms

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Abstract

PURPOSE: A Cordyceps spp. mycelium and a production method of fruit body are provided, which use a medium comprising organic and inorganic nutrient and chinese-crude drug material in addition to silk worm. CONSTITUTION: A Cordyceps spp. mycelium and a production method of fruit body are characterized by comprising the following steps: (i)composing a medium comprising a silk worm and at least one chinese-crude drug material selected from the group of high fungi fruit body, mycelium extract, jujube, ginseng, corni, lycium, hartshorn, astragalus, korean angelica root, arrow root, moutan, Rehmanniae Radix, alisma, licorice, sorphora root, bupleurum, korean gentian and at least one nitrogen source selected from the group of sodium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, peptone, tryptone, urea and inorganic nutrient comprising at least one carbon source selected from the group of galactose, mannitol, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, sugar, malt extract and at least one organic nutrient selected from the group of malt extract, yeast extract, peptone, tryptone, soybean flour, flour, bran, rice bran, unpolished rice, rice, potato powder and hot water extract thereof; (ii)after inoculating the massively proliferated mycelium by grinding and by using automatic injector on the medium, culturing and growing by putting cotton plug into the bottle.

Description

동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법{Culturing method of cordyceps spp}Production method of mycelia and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps fungus {Culturing method of cordyceps spp}

본 발명은 동충하초버섯(Cordyceps spp.)의 재배방법에 관한 것으로, 상세하게는 동충하초 속(Cordyceps spp.) 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법에 관한 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cultivation method of Cordyceps spp., And more particularly to a method for producing mycelia and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps spp.

동충하초는 곤충에서 자실체(버섯)이 형성되는 자낭균류의 일종이다.Cordyceps sinensis is a type of asymptomatic fungus in which fruiting bodies (mushrooms) are formed.

이렇게 곤충에 침입하여 이를 기주로 충체 위에 자실체를 형성하는 동충하초 중 일부 종들은 고대로부터 중국에서 결핵, 천식, 황달의 치료 및 아편중독의 해독제, 병후의 보양 및 강장제, 면역 기능 강화제로서 이용되어온 고가의 한방약재이다 [참조(1). Humber, R. A. 1990. Fungal pathogens of insects, spiders, and mites; isolation,preservation, and identification. USDA Agricultural Research Service; 참조(2). Jianzhe, Y. , Xiaoloan, M.,Qiming, M., Yichen, Z. and Huaan, W. 1989. Icons of medicinal fungi from China. Science Press. China. p. 575;참조(3). Kobayasi, Y. 1940. The genus and its allies. Sci. Rept. Tokyo Bunrika Daikaku, Sect. B., 5: 53-260;참조(4). Shimizu, D. 1994. Color iconography of vegetable wasps and plant worms. Seibundo Shinkosha. Japan. pp.381] . 이렇게 전통적으로 약용으로 이용되고 있는 대표적인 동충하초로는 박쥐나방의 유충을 기주로 자실체를 형성하는 중국산 동충하초인 등 약 7종의 동충하초가 현재 약용으로 이용되고 있다.Some species of Cordyceps, which invade insects and form fruiting bodies on the worms, have been used since ancient times in China for the treatment of tuberculosis, asthma and jaundice, and as an antidote for opioid poisoning, as a result of rehabilitation and tonic, and as an immune booster. It is an herbal medicine [Reference (1). Humber, R. A. 1990. Fungal pathogens of insects, spiders, and mites; isolation, preservation, and identification. USDA Agricultural Research Service; Reference (2). Jianzhe, Y., Xiaoloan, M., Qiming, M., Yichen, Z. and Huaan, W. 1989. Icons of medicinal fungi from China. Science Press. China. p. 575; reference (3). Kobayasi, Y. 1940.The genus and its allies. Sci. Rept. Tokyo Bunrika Daikaku, Sect. B., 5: 53-260; see (4). Shimizu, D. 1994. Color iconography of vegetable wasps and plant worms. Seibundo Shinkosha. Japan. pp.381]. As the representative cordyceps, which is traditionally used for medicinal purposes, about 7 species of cordyceps, such as Chinese cordyceps, which form fruiting bodies based on larvae of bat moths, are currently used for medicinal purposes.

이런 동충하초는 주로 결핵, 황달의 치료와 강장제로서 이용되어 왔고, 아편 중독제로서도, 효과가 인정되었으며 자실체의주성분이기도 한 퀸산(quinic acid)의 이성체(異性體)인 코디세핀(cordycepin)이 항암작용이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌고 [Cunningham, K. G., W. Manson. F. S. Spring and S. A. Hutchinson. 1950. Cordycepin, a metabolic product fromcultures of (Linn.) Link. nature. 166. 949 참조] , 자실체는 중국의 궁중요리로도 이용되고 있으며, 일본에서도 동충하초가 약용으로 사용되었다 [예운운. 1985. 冬蟲夏草及人工蟲菌絲硏究槪況. 海運醫學硏究所. 10(12): 51-54 참조] .Cordyceps sinensis has been used mainly for the treatment and tonicity of tuberculosis and jaundice, and as an opiate addict, cordycepin, an isomer of quinic acid, is a major component of the fruiting body. Has been found to be [Cunningham, KG, W. Manson. F. S. Spring and S. A. Hutchinson. 1950. Cordycepin, a metabolic product from cultures of (Linn.) Link. nature. 166. 949], the fruiting body is also used as a court dish in China, and Cordyceps sinensis is used for medicinal purposes in Japan. 1985. 冬蟲夏草 及 人工 蟲 菌絲 硏 究 槪 況.海運 醫學 硏 究 所. 10 (12): 51-54].

자연상태에서 채집된 동충하초의 사진이 도 1에 게시되어 있다. 그러나, 자연 상태에서 자실체의 채집은 상당히 어려워 공급이 한정되고 있으며 최근 생태계파괴 및 공해로 인한 이상기후현상 등으로 자실체의 자연 채취가 점점 어려워짐에 따라 자실체의 안정적 인공 생산 기술이 요구되고 있다 [Basith,M., and Madelin, M. F. 1968. Studies on the production of perithecial stromata by in artificial culture.Canadian Journal of Botany. 46: 473-480 참조] .A picture of Cordyceps sinensis collected in its natural state is posted in FIG. 1. However, in the natural state, the collection of fruiting bodies is quite difficult, so supply is limited. Recently, as the natural harvesting of fruiting bodies becomes more difficult due to abnormal weather phenomena due to ecosystem destruction and pollution, a stable artificial production technology of fruiting bodies is required. , M., and Madelin, MF 1968. Studies on the production of perithecial stromata by in artificial culture. Canadian Journal of Botany. 46: 473-480].

이와 같은 동충하초를 이용하는 방법으로는 자실체를 채집하는 방법, 누에 번데기를 이용한 종균배양 및 재배방법, 그리고, 인공 배지를 이용한 대량배양 방법으로 크게 나눌 수 있다. 이중 야생의 자실체를 채집하여 이용하는 방법은 최근 생태계 파괴 및 공해로 인한 이상 기후현상 등으로 자실체의 채집은 상당히 어려워 필요량의 확보가 절대적으로 불가능하다.Methods using such Cordyceps sinensis can be broadly divided into methods of collecting fruiting bodies, spawn culture and cultivation methods using silkworm pupa, and mass culture methods using artificial media. Among the methods of collecting and using wild fruiting bodies in the wild, the collection of fruiting bodies is very difficult due to abnormal weather phenomena due to the recent destruction of ecosystems and pollution, and it is absolutely impossible to secure the required amount.

따라서, 누에 번데기를 이용한 종균배양 및 재배방법, 그리고, 인공 배지를 이용한 대량배양 방법에 대한 연구가 최근 들어 활발하게 이루어지고 있다.Therefore, studies on spawn culture and cultivation method using silkworm pupa, and mass culture method using artificial medium have been actively conducted in recent years.

눈꽃동충하초(Paecilomyces japonica)의 경우 삼각플라스크에 균사체를 배양하여 균사체와 상기 배양 과정에서 균사에서 형성된 자실체를 수확하여 재배하는 방법이 한국 특허공개공보 제 98-082143 호에 게시되어 있다. 그러나, 이 방법은 액체배양을 통해서만 균사체와 자실체를 얻고자하였으므로 자연 생태계 내에서와 같이 곤충에서 유래된 배지가 아니었다.In the case of Paecilomyces japonica, a method of cultivating a mycelium in a Erlenmeyer flask and harvesting and growing a mycelium and fruiting bodies formed in the mycelium in the culturing process is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 98-082143. However, this method was intended to obtain mycelium and fruiting bodies only through liquid culture, and was not a medium derived from insects as in natural ecosystems.

또, 한국 특허공개공보 제 98-033558 호에는 번데기와 곡물을 혼합하여 동충하초 자실체형성을 하는 배양방법으로 액체 종균배양 시에 질소원과 탄소원으로 무기영양염류를 사용한 기술이 게시되어 있다. 그러나, 이 방법에서는 자실체나 균사체를 생산하기위한 배지 즉, 본 배양시에는 무기영양 염류를 첨가하지 않고 번데기와 곡물배지만을 사용하였다.In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 98-033558 discloses a technique of mixing pupae and grains to form cordyceps fruiting bodies to form an insecticidal fruiting body, and a technique using inorganic nutrients as a nitrogen source and a carbon source during liquid seed culture. In this method, however, only pupa and grain medium were used without producing inorganic fruit salts, that is, a medium for producing fruiting bodies or mycelium.

가잠을 이용한 번데기동충하초의(Cordyceps militaris)의 생산법이 한국 특허공개공보 제 98-025198 호에 게시되어 있다. 이 방법은 누에의 번데기를 이용한 방법이아니라 5령기 유충을 이용하여 곤충에게 직접 포자를 취식토록한 후 동충하초 포자에 감염된 누에 5령기 유충에서 버섯을 발생시키는 방법이다. 그러나, 이 방법은 누에 유충에 대하여 분생포자 또는 자낭포자를 취식 토록한 접종 방법으로 생산성이 50% 내외로 극히 낮고 잡균에 의해 오염될 확률이 높다.The production method of Cordyceps militaris using gajam has been published in Korean Patent Publication No. 98-025198. This method is not a method of using silkworm pupae, but a method of generating mushrooms from silkworm larvae infected with Cordyceps spores after ingesting spores directly to insects using larvae of 5th stage. However, this method is an inoculation method that ingests conidia or follicular spores against silkworm larvae, and the productivity is extremely low at around 50% and is likely to be contaminated by various germs.

또, 한국 특허공개공보 제 98-000013 호에는 곤충을 종균병에 넣고 살균하여 접종한 후 동충하초균사를 접종하여 종균 배양을 실시하는 방법이 기재되어 있고, 상기 방법에서 배양된 종균을 활용하여 상자에서 자실체를 발생시키는 방법이 한국특허 공게공개공보 제 98-002244 호에 게시되어 있다. 상자재배법은 병 재배법에 비하여 광 투여량이 적어도 되는 장점이 있으나 재배실 내의 습도조절이 비교적 어렵고 잡균 침투 위험이 높고, 버섯 발생이 안정적이지 못하다.In addition, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 98-000013 describes a method of inoculating insects by putting them in a spawn bottle, inoculating them, inoculating them, and then inoculating the fungus subsidiary hyphae to carry out seed culture. A method of generating fruiting bodies is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication Laid-Open Publication No. 98-002244. Box cultivation method has the advantage that the light dose is at least compared to the bottle cultivation method, but the humidity control in the cultivation room is relatively difficult, the risk of bacteria infiltration is high, the mushroom generation is not stable.

또한, 한국 특허공개 공보 제 97-38332 호에는 누에 번데기를 이용한 번데기 동충하초의 종균 배양방법 및 재배방법이 공지되어 있으나, 접종원을 누에번데기 종균으로 할 경우 접종효율이 떨어지고 배양 기간이 길어진다는 단점이 있다.In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 97-38332 discloses a method and a cultivation method of a pupae cordyceps using silkworm chrysalis. However, when the inoculator is a silkworm chrysalis, the inoculation efficiency decreases and the incubation period is long. .

현재 농가에서 눈꽂동충하초(Paecilomyces japonica)를 제외하고는 자실체를 형성하기 어려운데, 그 이유는 첫 째 자실체 형성능력의 차이가 심하고, 둘 째로는 현미 또는 누에번데기만을 독립적으로 사용하거나 혼합하여 사용하여 배지첨가물에 대한 연구가 미흡하였고, 셋 째로는 광(빛)조건, 환기, 습도 등의 재배조건을 적절하게 제공하지 못하는데 있었다.Except for Paecilomyces japonica, it is currently difficult to form fruiting bodies in farmhouses. The reason for this is the first difference in fruiting body formation capacity, and the second is the use of medium or silkworm pupa independently or mixed. There was a lack of research on third, and thirdly, it failed to provide adequate conditions for growing conditions such as light (light), ventilation, and humidity.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 누에번데기 외에 유·무기 영양원 및 한약재료를 첨가한 배지를 사용하여 안정적이고 우수한 동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법을 제공하는 것이다.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a stable and excellent mycelial and fruiting body production method of Cordyceps sinensis using a medium to which silkworm pupae is added with organic and inorganic nutrients and herbal ingredients.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 기능성이 향상된 동충하초 속(Cordyceps spp) 균의 균사체 및 자실체를 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide mycelia and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps spp bacteria with improved functionality.

도 1은 자연에서 채집된 번데기 동충하초의 사진1 is a picture of pupa cordyceps collected from nature

도 2은 본 발명의 방법에 의해 생산된 번데기 동충하초(Cordyceps militaris)의 사진Figure 2 is a photograph of the pupa cordyceps (Cordyceps militaris) produced by the method of the present invention

도 3은 본 발명의 방법에 의해 생산된 풍뎅이 동충하초(Cordyceps scarabaeicola)의 사진Figure 3 is a picture of the Scarab Cordyceps (Cordyceps scarabaeicola) produced by the method of the present invention

상기의 본 발명의 목적은 투명 또는 반 투명의 유리 또는 플라스틱 병에, 누에 번데기; 고등균류의 자실체 또는 균사체 추출물, 대추, 인삼, 산수유, 구기자, 녹각, 황기, 당귀, 갈근, 목단피, 생지황, 녹각, 택사, 감초, 고삼, 시호, 용담초, 백화사설초, 및 시호로 구성된 그룹에서 선택된 하나 이상의 한약재; 질산나트륨, 인산암모늄, 펩톤, 트립톤 및 우레아로 구성된 그룹에서 선택된 하나 이상의 질소원과, 갈락토즈, 만니톨, 슈크로즈, 글루코즈, 덱스트로즈, 말토즈, 설탕, 및 말트 추출물로 구성된 그룹에서 선택된 하나 이상의 탄소원으로 구성된 무기영양원; 과 말트 추출물, 효모 추출물, 펩톤, 트립톤, 콩가루, 밀가루, 밀기울, 미강, 현미, 쌀, 감자분말 및 그 열탕 추출물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 유기 영양원을 포함하는 배지를 조성하고, 접종원을 대량증식한 균사체를 마쇄하여 자동분사기를 이용하여 상기 배지에 접종한 후, 상기 병에 솜마개를 하여 배양, 생육시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법에 의해 달성된다.The above object of the present invention, silkworm pupa in a transparent or semi-transparent glass or plastic bottle; From the group consisting of fruiting body or mycelium extract of higher fungus, jujube, ginseng, cornus, wolfberry, green tea, yellow flower, donkey, brown root, bark skin, raw yellow sulfur, green tea, taeksa, licorice, red ginseng, siho, gentian, baekryeol, and shiho At least one herbal medicine selected; One or more nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, peptone, tryptone and urea, and one selected from the group consisting of galactose, mannitol, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, sugar, and malt extract Inorganic nutrients composed of the above carbon sources; A medium containing at least one organic nutrient selected from the group consisting of malt extract, yeast extract, peptone, tryptone, soy flour, wheat flour, bran, rice bran, brown rice, rice, potato powder and its boiling water extract, Cultivated mycelium is inoculated into the medium by using an autoinjector, and then cultured and grown by a cotton plug in the bottle, and is achieved by the mycelia and fruiting body production method of Cordyceps genus.

본 발명에서 사용되는 배지성분의 및 기능은 다음과 같다.The media components and functions used in the present invention are as follows.

누에번데기 - 제사(製絲)를 마친 후 생기는 부산물인 누에 번데기를 활용한다.Silkworm chrysalis-Use silkworm chrysalis, a by-product produced after the sacrifice.

유기영양원 - 말트 추출물, 효모 추출물, 펩톤, 트립톤, 콩가루, 밀가루, 밀기울, 미강, 현미, 쌀, 감자분말 또는 그 열탕추출물 중 1종 또는 그 이상Organic Nutrition-One or more of malt extract, yeast extract, peptone, tryptone, soy flour, wheat flour, bran, rice bran, brown rice, rice, potato powder or its boiling water extract

질소원 - 질산나트륨, 인산암모늄, 펩톤, 트립톤, 우레아 중 1종 또는 그 이상Nitrogen source-one or more of sodium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, peptone, tryptone, urea

탄소원 -갈락토즈, 만니톨, 슈크로즈, 글루코즈, 덱스트로즈, 말토즈, 설탕, 말트 추출물 중 1종 또는 그 이상Carbon source-one or more of galactose, mannitol, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, sugar, malt extract

한약재 - 영지버섯, 신령버섯, 상황버섯, 표고버섯, 백봉령 등 고등균류의 자실체 또는 균사체 추출물과 대추, 인삼, 산수유, 구기자, 녹각, 황기, 당귀, 갈근, 목단피, 생지황, 녹각, 택사, 감초, 고삼, 시호, 용담초, 백화사설초, 시호 중 1종 또는 그 이상.Herbal Medicine-Fruits or Mycelium Extracts of Higher Fungi such as Ganoderma Lucidum, Spirit Mushrooms, Sichuan Mushrooms, Shiitake Mushrooms, Baekbongryeong One or more of red ginseng, shiho, yongdamcho, baekhwasachocho, and shiho.

본 발명의 구체적인 배지조성및 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법을 설명한다.The specific medium composition and method for producing mycelium and fruiting body of the present invention will be described.

1. 배지조성1. Composition of medium

무기 영양원으로 질소원(질산나트륨, 인산암모늄, 펩톤, 트립톤, 우레아 중 1종 또는 그 이상) 0.001∼30%와 탄소원(갈락토즈, 만니톨, 슈크로즈, 글루코즈, 덱스트로즈, 말토즈, 설탕, 말트 추출물 중 1종 또는 그 이상) 0.001∼30%를 증류수에 희석하여 용해시킨다.Inorganic nutrients include 0.001-30% nitrogen sources (one or more of sodium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, peptone, tryptone, urea) and carbon sources (galactose, mannitol, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, sugar, One or more of the malt extracts) 0.001-30% is diluted in distilled water and dissolved.

유기 영양원(말트 추출물, 효모 추출물, 펩톤, 트립톤, 콩가루, 밀가루, 미강, 현미, 쌀, 감자분말 또는 그 열탕추출물 중 각 1종 또는 그 이상)을 0.01∼50% 증류수와 희석한다.Dilute organic nutrients (malt extract, yeast extract, peptone, tryptone, soy flour, wheat flour, rice bran, brown rice, rice, potato powder or one or more of the boiling water extracts) with 0.01-50% distilled water.

냉동 보관된 누에 번데기와 한약재(영지버섯 균사 및 자실체와 열탕추출물, 아가리쿠스 버섯의 균사 및 자실체와 열탕추출물, 상황버섯 자실체 및 균사와 열탕추출물, 표고버섯의 균사 및 자실체와 열탕 추출물, 대추 또는 그 열탕추출물, 인삼 또는 그 열탕추출물, 산수유 또는 그 열탕추출물, 복령의 균사 또는 그 열탕추출물과 복신 분말, 구기자 또는 그 열탕추출물을 1종 또는 그 이상)를 첨가하여 500∼2,000㎖ 크기의 플라스틱 또는 유리로 된 병에 50∼250g 씩 넣고 상기 무기영양원과 유기영양원 희석액을 가하여 수분을 70∼95% 정도로 조절한 다음 솜 마개로 병을 막는다.Silkworm chrysalis and herbal medicines (Germanic mushroom mycelia and fruiting bodies and boiling water extracts, mycelia and fruiting bodies and boiling water extracts of Agaricus mushrooms, situation mushroom fruiting bodies and hyphae and boiling water extracts, mycelium and boiling water extracts of shiitake mushrooms, jujube or its boiling water 500-2,000 ml plastic or glass by adding extract, ginseng or its boiling water extract, cornus or its boiling water extract, Bokryong's mycelium or its boiling water extract, Fuxin powder, wolfberry or its boiling water extract) 50-250 g of each bottle is added to the diluents of the inorganic nutrients and organonutrients to adjust the moisture to about 70-95%, and the bottle is capped with a cotton cap.

2.살균2. Sterilization

배지조성을 마친 병을 증기 고압 살균솥에 넣고 100∼130℃에서 15∼60분 정도 살균을 실시한다.Put the finished bottle in a steam autoclave and sterilize for 15 to 60 minutes at 100 ~ 130 ℃.

3.접종원 준비 및 종균배양3. Preparation of inoculation sources and spawn run

①직경 87mm 정도의 플라스틱 배양접시를 이용 무균 상태로 조제된 PDA배지에서 1주일∼2주일 정도 배양된 신선한 접종원을 준비한다.① Prepare fresh inoculum incubated for 1-2 week in PDA medium prepared aseptic state using plastic culture plate of diameter 87mm.

②준비된 접종원을 이용 250㎖ 삼각플라스크에서 회전 배양한 후 18ℓ 배양병에서 1주일간 증식과정을 거친 다음 증식된 균사체를 분쇄기에서 마쇄하여 종균접종용 종균으로 사용한다.② Rotate culture in 250ml Erlenmeyer flask using prepared inoculum, and then propagate for 1 week in 18ℓ culture bottle, and then use the seeded seedlings to grind in the crusher.

4.접종4.Inoculation

①준비된 접종원과 종균을 조성된 배지에 종균으로 준비한다.① Prepare the prepared inoculum and spawn as a spawn in the prepared medium.

②상기 "3의②항"에서 준비된 도구와 종균을 자동접종기를 이용 배양병 속의 살균된 배지에 넣고 뚜껑을 막는다.② Put the tools and spawn prepared in the above "section 2 ②" into the sterilized medium in the culture bottle using an automatic inoculator and close the lid.

5.균사배양5. Mycelial culture

①18∼26℃정도의청결이유지되는배양실에상기 "3항"에서 접종을 마친 배양병을 정치시킨다.(1) Place the culture bottle which has been inoculated in "3" above in the culture room where the cleanliness of 18-26 degreeC is maintained.

②균사가 배양병 내에 있는 배지에 균사 활착이 완료되는 시기 즉, 15∼25일 정도 경과한 후 배양을 정지한다.② The hyphae stops the culture after 15 to 25 days have elapsed when the hyphae adhered to the medium in the culture bottle.

③균사체 생산을 목적으로 하는 경우 병 안에 들어 있는 균사체가 충만된 배지를 꺼내어 하기 "7항"과 같이 수확하고 "8항" 과 같이 건조시킨다.③ For the purpose of mycelium production, take out the medium filled with the mycelium in the bottle, harvest as shown in "7" below, and dry as "8".

6.생육6. Growth

①상기 "5항"에서 배양이 완료된 배지를 20∼25℃ 생육실에 정치시킨다.① The medium in which the culture is completed in the above section “5” is allowed to stand in a 20-25 ° C. growth room.

②자실체 생육을 원활히 하기 위해 형광등을 이용 500∼1,50OLUX 정도로 광을 가한다.② Apply light about 500 ~ 1,50OLUX using fluorescent lamp to facilitate fruit growth.

③생육실 내의 실내 습도를 75∼95% 정도로 유지시켜 준다.③ Maintain indoor humidity of 75 ~ 95% in the growth room.

④자실체 발생이 시작되면 1-3일 간격으로 스프레이로 물을 뿌려준다.④ When the onset of fruiting begins, spray water with a spray every 1-3 days.

⑤자실체가 0.5cm 내외로 성장하게되면 환기를 목적으로 수시로 배양병 뚜껑을 열어주고 배양실 내부 공기를 외부 공기와 교환 시켜주고 습도를 65∼90%정도로 유지시킨다..⑤ When the fruiting body grows to about 0.5cm, open the lid of the culture bottle from time to time for ventilation and exchange the air inside the culture room with the outside air and keep the humidity at 65 ~ 90%.

⑥자실체가 완전히 자라 생육이 정지되면 자실체 위에서 2차 생장이 이루어지기 전에 생육을 정지시킨다.⑥ When the fruiting body is fully grown and growth is stopped, stop the growth before the second growth is made on the fruiting body.

7.수확7. Harvest

①상기 "4항"에서의 균사배양 또는 상기 "5항"에서의 자실체 생육이 완료되면 습도를 65% 정도로 낮추고 배양병 내부에서 수확물을 꺼내어 수확한다.① When the mycelial culture in "4" or fruiting body growth in "5" is completed, the humidity is reduced to about 65% and the harvest is taken out of the culture bottle and harvested.

8.건조8.drying

①상기 "6항"에서 수확을마친 후 열풍 건조기를 이용 30∼60℃에서 12시간 정도 건조시킨다.① After harvesting in the "paragraph 6" and dried for 12 hours at 30 ~ 60 ℃ using a hot air dryer.

②경우에 따라서 상기"6항"의 수확물을 색깔 변색과 모양의 변형을 줄이기 위해 동결건조기를 이용 영하 40∼80℃에서 24시간 동안 건조시킨다.② In some cases, the "6" harvest is dried for 24 hours at minus 40 ~ 80 ℃ using a freeze dryer to reduce color discoloration and shape deformation.

본 발명에 의해 생산된 균사체 및 자실체는 결핵, 천식, 항종양, 면역력 향상, 자양강장 등의 치료용 및 예방제제에 첨가제 및 주재료로 활용할 수 있다. 또한, 동충하초와 감미료 및 산수유 등 약제를 가하여 끓여서 마시는 방법으로 당뇨저하 및 면역력 증강 등의 효과가 있는 차나 기능성 음료로 이용할 수 있다.Mycelium and fruiting body produced by the present invention can be used as additives and main ingredients in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis, asthma, anti-tumor, improving immunity, nourishing tonic and the like. In addition, by adding a drug such as cordyceps and sweeteners and cornus oil and boil and drink it can be used as a tea or functional beverage that is effective in lowering diabetes and enhancing immunity.

또, 오리의 털과 내장 등 식용이 어려운 부위를 제거한 후 양파, 생강과 함께 오리뱃속에 넣고 찜통에 넣고 찐다음 육수와 함께 동충하초를 복용할 수 있다. 이 요리는, 충조전압탕이라는 스테미너 식품으로 알려져 있고, 중국 등지에서 널리 애용된다.In addition, after removing the difficult part, such as duck's hair and guts, onions, ginger and put in the duck stomach steamed in steamed can be taken with cordyceps. This dish is known as a stamina food called Chungjogaektang, and is widely used in China and the like.

또, 동충하초를 소주등 기타 주류에 넣어 약술로 만들어 음용할 수 있다.In addition, Cordyceps sinensis can be added to other alcoholic beverages such as shochu to make a drink.

이하 본 발명을 실시예를 사용하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail using examples.

실시예 1 원균준비Example 1 Preparation of Streptococcus

껍질을 제거한 생감자 200g을 가로세로 1cm 크기로 자름 다음 증류수 700㎖를 가해 중탕하여 거즈로 걸러냈다. 걸러 낸 감자 열탕추출액을 증류수를 가해 1000㎖로 만든 다음, 한천 2%, 덱스트로즈 2%를 가해 121℃, 1.2cps 고압 살균기에서 15분간 살균한 후, 잡균 오염을 방지하기 위하여 무균상(clean bench)을 이용하여, 배양접시에 25㎖씩 분주하였다. 분주가 끝난 후, 배지가 굳을 때까지 상온에서 식혔다. 이 배지에 순수 분리된 원균을 접종하고 20℃ 전후의 신선한 공기가 유입되는 배양실에서 2주간 증식하였다.200 g of the peeled raw potatoes were cut to a size of 1 cm in width, 700 ml of distilled water was added, and the mixture was filtered with gauze. The filtered potato hot water extract was added to distilled water to make 1000 ml, and then sterilized by adding 2% agar and 2% dextrose in a sterilized autoclave at 121 ℃ for 1.2 minutes for 15 minutes. Using a bench), 25ml each was dispensed into the culture dish. After dispensing, the medium was cooled to room temperature until it solidified. The medium was inoculated with purely isolated progeny and grown for 2 weeks in a culture chamber into which fresh air at about 20 ° C was introduced.

실시예 2 종균배양Example 2 spawn culture

질소원(인산 암모늄 0.3%-우레아 0.1%), 탄소원(덱스트로즈 1.5%, 슈크로즈 2%), 및 유기영양원(효모 추출물 0.5%, 콩가루 15%, 감자 분말 10%)로 이루어진 액체 배지 조성물에 증류수 18ℓ를 배양병에 가하여 실리콘 마개를 막고 121℃, 살균기에서 4시간동안 살균한 후, 배지를 무균상으로 옮겨 상온으로 식힌 다음, 증식된 원균을 Homogenizer로 마쇄하여 접종하였다.In a liquid medium composition consisting of a nitrogen source (ammonium phosphate 0.3% -urea 0.1%), a carbon source (dextrose 1.5%, sucrose 2%), and an organic nutrient source (0.5% yeast extract, 15% soy flour, 10% potato powder) 18 L of distilled water was added to the culture bottle to stop the silicone stopper, and sterilized for 4 hours in a sterilizer at 121 ° C., the medium was transferred to aseptic phase, cooled to room temperature, and the proliferated progeny were inoculated by grinding with a Homogenizer.

접종이 끝난 배양병에 잡균이 침투하지 못하도록 필터가 부착된 청정공기를 가하여 균사의 생장을 촉진시키면서 22℃ 배양실에서 본 배양을 위한 충분한 균사체가 얻어진 4일 째 배양을 중지하였다.The culture was stopped on the 4th day when sufficient mycelium was obtained for the main culture in the 22 ° C culture chamber while promoting the growth of mycelia by adding clean air with a filter to prevent invasion of the culture bacteria.

실시예 3 본 배양Example 3 Main Culture

누에번데기 120g, 현미분말 50g, 콩가루 1g을 850㎖ 반투명 또는 투명 배양병에 넣고 흔들어서 섞었다(1). 효모추출물 2%, 덱스트로즈 1.5%, 인산암모늄 0.2%를 준비하였다(2). 상기 실시에 1과 동일한 감자 추출액(20% W:V), 상황버섯 균사체 추출액(20% W:V), 대추 추출액(20% W:V), 영지 추출액 (20% W:V)을 준비하고 혼합하여 상기 (2)의 조성물에 넣어 용해시켰다. 상기 (1)의 배양병에 20㎖씩 분주한 후 솜마개로 막고 121℃ 고압 살균기에서 1시간동안 살균하였다.120 g of silkworm pupa, 50 g of brown rice powder, and 1 g of soy flour were mixed in an 850 ml translucent or transparent culture bottle and shaken (1). Yeast extract 2%, dextrose 1.5%, ammonium phosphate 0.2% was prepared (2). Prepare the same potato extract (20% W: V), situation mushroom mycelium extract (20% W: V), jujube extract (20% W: V), ganoderma lucidum extract (20% W: V) in the same manner as in Example 1 It mixed and melt | dissolved in the composition of said (2). After dispensing 20ml each into the culture bottle of (1), it was closed with a cotton plug and sterilized for 1 hour in a 121 ℃ autoclave.

배양이 완료된 배양병에 필터가 부착되어 잡균의 침입을 막을 수 있도록 고안된 공기 펌프로 배양병 상단부(배양액 상면)에 공기를 주입시키고 다른 한쪽에는 배양병 내부 바닥에 호스가 연결되게 하여 주입된 공기압이 가해지면 내부의 배양된 균체액이 호스를 통해 배양병 밖으로 유출되도록 하였다. 유출된 균체를 5-20㎖씩 가하여 살균된 본 배양 배지재료가 들어있는 배양병에 넣고 솜마개로 막았다.Air pump designed to prevent invasion of bacteria by attaching a filter to the culture bottle that has been incubated, injects air into the upper part of the culture bottle (top of the culture solution), and connects a hose to the bottom of the culture bottle to the other side. When added, the cultured cell solution was allowed to flow out of the culture bottle through a hose. 5-20 ml of the leaked cells were added and placed in a culture bottle containing the sterilized main culture medium material.

19-22℃의, 청결이 유지되고, 신선한 공기가 공급되며, 수분 75-95%, 그리고 1000룩스 정도의 광이 유지되는 배양실에 정치시켰다. 1주 경과후 배양병 내부에 균사가 차게 되었고 온도를 15℃로 낮추어 4시간동안 저온 처리를 하였다. 다시 20℃로 관리하여 발아를 시작하게 하고 충분히 발아되었을 때 매 2일마다 솜마게를 열고 분무기를 이용하여 수분을 90% 이상으로 유지하였다. 15-20 경과하여 자실체가 충분히 자라 다시 2차 자실체가 발생하기 전에 수확하였다. 850㎖ 배양병에서 50-100개의 자실체를 수확하였다. 수확된 자실체의 사진을 도 2에 첨부하였다.At 19-22 ° C., the cells were placed in a culture chamber where cleanliness was maintained, fresh air was supplied, and 75-95% of moisture and about 1000 lux of light were maintained. After 1 week, the mycelium became cold inside the culture bottle, and the temperature was lowered to 15 ° C., followed by low temperature treatment for 4 hours. The germination was started again at 20 ° C. to start germination, and when the germination was sufficiently germinated, cotton sprigs were opened every two days, and the water was maintained at 90% or more using an atomizer. After 15-20 years, the fruiting body was sufficiently grown and harvested again before the second fruiting body occurred. 50-100 fruiting bodies were harvested in 850 mL culture bottles. A photograph of the harvested fruiting bodies is attached to FIG. 2.

실시예 4-6Example 4-6

실시예 1-3과 동일한 방법으로 실시하되 누에번데기 대신 풍뎅이를 이용하여 풍뎅이 동충하초의 자실체를 생산하였으며, 수확된 자실체의 사진을 도 3에 첨부하였다.In the same manner as in Example 1-3, but instead of the silkworm pupae produced the fruiting body of the Scarab Cordyceps sinensis, a photograph of the fruiting body harvested was attached to FIG.

상기 실시예에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 경우 통상 850㎖ 배양병마다 50-100개 정도의 자실체가 발생되어 번데기만 사용하는 경우 또는 번데기와 현미를 사용한 경우보다 자실체 발생이 우수하고 고품질이며, 자실체 발생이 다소 불량한 균주라 할지라도 안정적 생산이 가능하였다.As can be seen in the above embodiment, in the case of the present invention, about 50-100 fruiting bodies are usually generated per 850 ml culture bottle, and fruiting body generation is superior and high quality than when using pupa or pupa and brown rice. In spite of the fact that the fruiting bodies were somewhat poor, stable production was possible.

또, 본 발명의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법은 병재배법을 이용하여 상자재배법에 비하여 재배 안정성이 높다. 또한, 번데기를 이용하여 종균을 접종하는 방법에 비하여 본 발명은 대량증식된 균사체를 마쇄하여 자동분사기를 이용하여 접종함으로 자실체 및 균사체 배양기간 및 생산기간이 짧다. 또, 누에 번데기와 무·유기물이 첨가된 배지를 사용함으로 균사의 활력이 높고 자실체 발생율이 높다. 또한, 산수유 등 한약재 첨가물이 포함된 배지를 사용함으로 누에 번데기를 단독으로 사용하거나 곡물배지와 혼합하여 사용하는 경우보다 기능성이 향상되어 식음료 및 한방 약재로 사용하는데 별도의 첨가물이 필요없다.In addition, the mycelium and fruiting body production method of the present invention is higher in cultivation stability than the box cultivation method using the bottle cultivation method. In addition, compared to the method of inoculating spawn using the pupa, the present invention shortens the growth period and production period of fruiting bodies and mycelium by inoculating by using the automatic injector after grinding the mass-proliferated mycelium. In addition, by using a silkworm pupa and a medium to which organic matters are added, the hyphae has high vitality and a high fruiting body generation rate. In addition, by using a medium containing herbal medicine additives such as cornus oil, the functionality is improved compared to the case of using silkworm chrysalis alone or mixed with grain medium, so that no additional additives are required for use as food and beverage and herbal medicines.

Claims (4)

투명 또는 반 투명의 유리 또는 플라스틱 병에, 누에 번데기; 고등균류의 자실체 또는 균사체 추출물, 대추, 인삼, 산수유, 구기자, 녹각, 황기, 당귀, 갈근, 목단피, 생지황, 녹각, 택사, 감초, 고삼, 시호, 용담초, 백화사설초, 및 시호로 구성된 그룹에서 선택된 하나 이상의 한약재; 질산나트륨, 인산암모늄, 펩톤, 트립톤 및 우레아로 구성된 그룹에서 선택된 하나 이상의 질소원과, 갈락토즈, 만니톨, 슈크로즈, 글루코즈, 덱스트로즈, 말토즈, 설탕, 및 말트 추출물로 구성된 그룹에서 선택된 하나 이상의 탄소원으로 구성된 무기영양원; 과 말트 추출물, 효모 추출물, 펩톤, 트립톤, 콩가루, 밀가루, 밀기울, 미강, 현미, 쌀, 감자분말 및 그 열탕추출물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 유기영양원을 포함하는 배지를 조성하고, 접종원을 대량증식한 균사체를 마쇄하여 자동분사기를 이용하여 상기 배지에 접종한 후, 상기 병에 솜마개를 하여 배양, 생육시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법.Silkworm pupa, in transparent or semi-transparent glass or plastic bottles; From the group consisting of fruiting body or mycelium extract of higher fungus, jujube, ginseng, cornus, wolfberry, green tea, yellow flower, donkey, brown root, bark skin, raw yellow sulfur, green tea, taeksa, licorice, red ginseng, siho, gentian, baekryeol, and shiho At least one herbal medicine selected; One or more nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, peptone, tryptone and urea, and one selected from the group consisting of galactose, mannitol, sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, sugar, and malt extract Inorganic nutrients composed of the above carbon sources; To prepare a medium comprising one or more organic nutrients selected from the group consisting of malt extract, yeast extract, peptone, tryptone, soy flour, wheat flour, bran, rice bran, brown rice, rice, potato powder and its boiling water extract, Mycelia and fruiting body production method of Cordyceps fungi, characterized in that the inoculated into the medium by using an automatic injector after grinding the multiplied mycelia to grow and culture. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 무기영양원은 상기 질소원 0.001∼30중량%와 상기 탄소원 0.001∼30%를 증류수에 희석하여 용해시킨 희석액인 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법.[Claim 2] The method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic nutrient source is a diluent obtained by diluting and dissolving 0.001 to 30% by weight of the nitrogen source and 0.001 to 30% of the carbon source in distilled water. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 유기 영양원은 유기 영양원 0.01∼50중량%를 증류수와 희석하여 용해시킨 희석액인 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic nutrient source is a diluent obtained by diluting and dissolving 0.01 to 50% by weight of organic nutrients with distilled water. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 동충하초 속 균은 동충하초, 번데기 동충하초 풍뎅이동충하초, 균핵동충하초, 흑색다발동충하초, 노란다발 동충하초, 또는 매미다발동충하초 균인 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초 속 균의 균사체 및 자실체 생산방법.According to claim 1, wherein the genus Cordyceps fungi, Cordyceps fungus Cordyceps fungi, fungus fungus fungus fungus fungus, fungal fungus fungus fungus, black beetle fungus beetle, yellow bunch fungus fungus, or cicada beetle fungus fungus, characterized in that the mycelia and fruiting body production method.
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KR20030030836A (en) * 2002-06-27 2003-04-18 조남혁 Herb medicine Insecticide Fertilizer
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