EP0514712A1 - Coffrage pour surfaces à courbure variable - Google Patents
Coffrage pour surfaces à courbure variable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0514712A1 EP0514712A1 EP92107699A EP92107699A EP0514712A1 EP 0514712 A1 EP0514712 A1 EP 0514712A1 EP 92107699 A EP92107699 A EP 92107699A EP 92107699 A EP92107699 A EP 92107699A EP 0514712 A1 EP0514712 A1 EP 0514712A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- beams
- curvature
- crossmember
- bearers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/062—Forms for curved walls
- E04G11/065—Forms for curved walls with mechanical means to modify the curvature
Definitions
- the invention relates to formwork for differently curved surfaces with an adjustable formwork facing with respect to its curvature, with these supporting supports and with a strapping which acts on the supports at a distance from the formwork facing and is formed from individual strap pieces, the effective length of the strap pieces between the straps and theirs Attack points for changing the curvature of the formlining on the beams is adjustable and opposing formwork elements can be tensioned by means of formwork tie anchors.
- Such formwork is known from DE-PS 24 26 708.
- the belt pieces are formed by tension rods with opposing threads, so-called turnbuckles, which engage in a threaded clamping sleeve on both sides, a rotation of the clamping sleeve causing the desired change in length.
- Such a change in length allows the curvature of the formlining to be changed due to the distance of the belt pieces from the formlining.
- one rod end engages a support and it is necessary to brace the opposing supports of the formwork against one another by means of formwork tie anchors so that the spacing of the opposing formwork elements is retained, in particular when the concrete is poured in.
- This formwork has proven, but requires a relatively large number of formwork tie rods, as these are available on every girder.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a formwork of the type mentioned which manages with fewer formwork tie rods, but in which a mutual bracing of the opposing formwork elements is nevertheless provided.
- a cross member acts on a formwork element on at least two beams as a belt piece, which is also provided as an abutment for the formwork tie rod and which is applied to at least one of the beams it applies by means of one in its longitudinal direction and transverse to the orientation of the Carrier extending direction is adjustable and fixable.
- trusses can be used to adjust the spacing of the beams and thus to change the curvature, and also as an abutment for a formwork tie rod serve between two beams, so that the number of formwork tie rods is halved compared to a solution with tension points on each beam. Nevertheless, the reaction forces of the formwork tie rod can be introduced into the two beams adjacent to it via the crossbar.
- the design of a belt section or belt piece as a crossmember which is able to transmit forces occurring transversely to its course, can give the belt piece a double function.
- the abutment point for the formwork tie rod is arranged on the crossbeam between its fastening points on two adjacent beams and the crossbeam bears against the formwork in particular on the sides facing away from the formwork and preferably overlaps it.
- the crossbar thus bridges two beams and can transmit the tension force emanating from the formwork tie approximately evenly to the back of the two beams.
- An adjusting spindle can be provided on the crossmember, by means of which a relative movement between the crossmember and the carrier acted upon by it can be carried out by means of a nut which, in particular, is detachably fastened to the carrier and cooperates with the spindle.
- a guide provided on the cross member is an elongated hole, which is arranged parallel to the spindle in the longitudinal direction of the crossmember at least in the area of engagement of the spindle.
- a guide bolt or the like penetrating the elongated hole can be arranged on the support, which can be connected to the support - preferably releasably - on the one hand in particular via a tab, a flange or the like and on the other hand carries the nut for the adjusting spindle anchored to the crossmember.
- the adjusting spindle arranged parallel to the crossbar can thus be adjusted by rotating it at the same time together with the crossbar relative to the nut in the longitudinal direction, whereby the bolt carrying the nut is displaced within the elongated hole, so that the respective effective length of the crossbar on the carrier is changed. Nevertheless, this results in a very simple operation, which can also transfer the forces that occur.
- the formwork element has an even number of more than two, in particular, parallel beams, and in each case a beam directly adjacent to the edge of the formwork element is connected to the second beam, which in turn is adjacent to it, and if the beam pairs formed in this way are connected to one another via one adjustable in length turnbuckle are connected as another strap.
- Trusses on a formwork element alternate with a turnbuckle, on which no formwork tie rods are required, since the trusses connected to them can support formwork tie rods.
- a formwork element that is easy to handle in terms of size is obtained if four approximately parallel beams are provided on it and the two beams near the edge are bridged and connected by crossbeams and when the beams which are adjacent to one another in the central region of the formwork element are connected by a turnbuckle which continues the belting.
- Such a formwork element with four girders thus has a belt with two cross members and a turnbuckle that continues and only requires two formwork tie rods, instead of twice as many formwork tie rods attacking all four girders.
- the crossbeams act on joints on abutment pieces, which can in particular be releasably connected to the carriers, so that the belt can also be removed again.
- the turnbuckles arranged between two crossbeams belonging to a belt are expediently fastened in an articulated manner to the mutually facing ends of the crossbeams, so that the turnbuckles and the crossbeams form a practically continuous belt chain, which also allows adaptation to different curvatures of the formlining due to the articulated fastenings .
- the turnbuckle can be articulated to the mutually facing protrusions of two trusses. This results in enough space for this articulated connection and at the same time a fixed support of a cross member on two beams.
- Embodiments of the invention and in particular the arrangement of the adjusting spindle on the cross member and also the cross member itself are the subject of further claims.
- claim 13 specifies a measure to be able to get by with the smallest possible spindles, since in the arrangement according to claim 13 these are each subject to a tensile force when the curvature is changed in the sense of a smaller radius of curvature, that is to say only essentially designed to absorb such tensile forces have to be.
- a formwork results for curved surfaces, which allows precise mutual bracing of formwork elements without the need for a formwork tie rod to attack each formwork beam, and yet the curvature can be adjusted practically as desired, so that curved or curved walls can be concreted very precisely.
- a formwork designated as a whole with 1 permits adaptation to differently curved surfaces and accordingly has a formwork skin 2 that can be adjusted in terms of its curvature.
- the formwork skin 2 is supported and stiffened by cross-sectionally trapezoidal supports 3 and at least one, possibly via, engages on the supports 3 Height also offsets several belt chains or belts formed at a distance from the formwork skin 2 from individual belt pieces 4 and 5.
- the effective length of the belt pieces 4 and 5 between the carriers 3 is adjustable, so that the curvature of the formlining 2 can be adjusted. It can be seen in FIG. 1 that the facing formwork elements consisting of formlining 2 and beams 3 can be braced against one another by means of formwork tie rods 6.
- crossbar 4" acts on a formwork element on two beams 3 as a belt piece 4, which simultaneously serves as an abutment for a formwork tie rod 6 arranged between two beams 3.
- the crossmember 4 can be adjusted and fixed on at least one of the beams 3 acted upon by it in a direction in its longitudinal direction and transversely to the orientation of the beam 3, so that the beams with their outer sides facing away from the formlining 2 are pulled towards one another or moved away from one another and thereby the curvature the formlining 2 can be changed.
- the abutment point for the formwork tie rod 6 is arranged on the crossbar between its fastening points on two adjacent beams 3, in particular approximately in the middle in between, and in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 5 is designed as an elongated slot 4a, so that the effective length of the crossbar changes or the distance between the outer sides of the carrier 3 does not influence the position of the formwork tie rod 6 or conversely the adjustment on the cross member 4 is not hindered by the formwork tie rod 6. This results in a practically uniform and approximately equal introduction of the reaction forces of the formwork tie rod 6 into the beams 3 adjacent to it, even with different effective lengths of the cross member 4.
- an adjusting spindle 7 is provided on the crossmember 4, with which a relative movement between the crossmember 4 and the carrier 3 acted upon by it can be carried out by means of a nut 8, which in particular is releasably attached to the carrier 3 and cooperates with the spindle 7 .
- a guide designed as an elongated hole 9 is provided on the cross member 4, which runs parallel to the cross member 4 in the longitudinal direction of the cross member 4, at least in the area of engagement.
- a guide bolt 10 passing through the elongated hole 9, which is connected on the one hand to the carrier 3 via a lug 11 or a flange and on the other hand carries the nut 8 for the adjusting spindle 7 anchored to the crossbar 4. If the adjusting spindle 7 is now rotated via its hexagon 12, this also brings about an axial adjustment of the adjusting spindle 7 relative to its nut 8, which increases the distance between the guide bolt 10 and a retaining bolt 13 fastened to the parallel support 3 and thus the effective length of the cross member 4 changed. The outer sides of the carriers 3 are thus adjusted towards or away from one another, which results in a change in the curvature of the formlining 2.
- the two formwork elements that can be seen in FIG. 1 each have an even number of more than two, namely four parallel beams 3 and in each case two beams 3 directly adjacent to the edge of a formwork element are connected and bridged by crossbeams 4, while the beam pairs formed in this way are interconnected are connected via a turnbuckle adjustable in length as a further strap piece 5.
- the distance between the two beams 3 located at the mutually facing ends of the crossbeams 4 can also be changed, so that the entire curvature of the formlining 2 can be adjusted largely uniformly.
- the cross members 4 engage via joints on abutment pieces, which include the tabs 11 which are penetrated by the bolts 10 and 13.
- abutment pieces 14 are in turn releasably connectable to the carriers 3, so that the belt can also be removed.
- the turnbuckles 5, each arranged between two crossbeams 4 belonging to a belt, are in turn articulated at the mutually facing ends of the crossbeams 4 at 13a, so that the belt chain is closed and can be easily adapted to the curvature.
- the trusses 4, which are arranged on the outer sides of the carrier 3, have a protrusion with respect to the carriers 3 connected by them, and the turnbuckle 5 is articulated to the mutually facing protrusions of two trusses 4.
- the adjusting spindle 7 also carries lock nuts 16 which can be locked relative to the adjusting nut 8 and / or the web 15, so that the respectively set position can be fixed in such a way that shaking of the concrete or other dynamic loads does not lead to an unwanted adjustment of the intended curvature of the Guide formlining 2.
- FIG. 1 On the basis of FIG. 1 and also with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 on the one hand and FIGS. 4 and 5 on the other hand, it can be seen that different crossbeams 4 are provided, depending on whether they are to be arranged on the inside of a curvature of the formwork 1 or are provided on the outside.
- the adjusting spindle 7 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 In the case of a cross member 4 for arrangement on the inside of a curvature, the adjusting spindle 7 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is directed with its free end towards the end of the cross member 4 facing the edge of the formwork element.
- the trusses 4 attachment or bearing points 17 and 18 for example for running consoles and can have floor supports, which can give them an additional function.
- the crossbeams 4 themselves are very rigid due to their double T-shaped profile with an inner double web and are very firmly anchored by the formwork tie rods on the one hand and the attachment to the beams 3 on the other hand, they can also transmit corresponding additional supporting and holding forces . They can therefore be used both to change the effective length of a belt section 4 between two beams 3 and to absorb the tensioning forces of the formwork tie rods and finally to hold running brackets or floor supports.
- FIG. 1 it can also be seen that in the edge region of a formwork element, from the outside of the beam 3 facing away from the formlining 2 and / or the holding device for the crossmember 4, a turnbuckle 20 or similar element directed towards the adjacent formwork edge 19 and there acting in an articulated manner to adjust the curvature or curvature of the edge area of the formlining 2 is provided next to a carrier 3.
- these turnbuckles 20, which serve to adjust the curvature of the edge of the formlining 2 can be offset in height in the longitudinal direction of the beams 3 with respect to the cross members 4.
- the formwork 1 for differently curved surfaces has an adjustable formwork skin 2 with respect to its curvature, this supporting beam 3 and a belting which acts on the beams 3 at a distance from the formwork skin 2 and is formed from individual belt pieces 4 and 5 bridging the beams 3, which advantageously are provided on the the formwork skin 2 facing away from the outside of the carrier 3 is attached.
- the curvature of the formlining 2 is adjusted by changing the effective length of the belt pieces 4 and 5 between the carriers 3.
- the formwork elements facing each other are by means of Formwork tie rods 6 can be braced against each other.
- a crossmember 4 acts on a formwork element on at least two beams 3 as a belt piece, which cross member is simultaneously provided as an abutment for the formwork tie rod 6, which is thus arranged between two beams and whose reaction forces are transmitted to the two beams.
- the crossbeam can also be changed in terms of its effective length in that its fastening point can be adjusted in its longitudinal direction and transversely to the orientation of the beam, so that the crossbeam 4 is available both as an adjustable belt piece when changing the curvature of the formlining 2 and also absorbs the tension.
- the guide pin 1o is provided on both sides in the area of its otherwise round part with a surface or flattening 1oa resting on the edges of the respective elongated hole 9.
- the forces from the belt pieces 4 are introduced into the carrier 3 via the surfaces or edges of the elongated hole 9 onto the mentioned surface or flattening 1oa of the guide pin 1o and this in turn via the rounding of the guide pin 1o into the hole in the tab 11.
- Line or point contact and corresponding overloads avoided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4116439 | 1991-05-18 | ||
DE4116439A DE4116439C1 (fr) | 1991-05-18 | 1991-05-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0514712A1 true EP0514712A1 (fr) | 1992-11-25 |
EP0514712B1 EP0514712B1 (fr) | 1996-03-06 |
Family
ID=6432037
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92107699A Expired - Lifetime EP0514712B1 (fr) | 1991-05-18 | 1992-05-07 | Coffrage pour surfaces à courbure variable |
Country Status (32)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5492303A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0514712B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3502918B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100225113B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1052288C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE135076T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU653234B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9206014A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2109610C (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ281634B6 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4116439C1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0514712T3 (fr) |
DZ (1) | DZ1579A1 (fr) |
EG (1) | EG19856A (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2084868T3 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI935088A (fr) |
GE (1) | GEP20012539B (fr) |
GR (1) | GR3019938T3 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK174896A (fr) |
HU (1) | HUT69476A (fr) |
MA (1) | MA22523A1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX9202334A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO179340C (fr) |
PL (1) | PL55249Y1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2087649C1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG74531A1 (fr) |
SK (1) | SK284020B6 (fr) |
TN (1) | TNSN92036A1 (fr) |
TR (1) | TR27945A (fr) |
UA (1) | UA29405C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1992020887A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA923379B (fr) |
Cited By (4)
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FR2711705A1 (fr) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-05 | Sateco Sa | Dispositif de coffrage à rayon de courbure réglable, notamment pour les ouvrages en béton. |
ES2124105A1 (es) * | 1994-02-17 | 1999-01-16 | Perez Antonio Navarro | Sistema de encofrado curvilineo. |
WO2002022990A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-21 | Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. | Systeme de coffrage modulaire courbe a rayon variable |
CN102168488A (zh) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-08-31 | 吴方伯 | 一种建筑用楼板模板 |
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FR2698648B1 (fr) * | 1992-11-27 | 1995-03-24 | Coffrages Ricard | Poutrelle cintrable et coffrages courbes faisant application de telles poutrelles. |
DE4322271C2 (de) * | 1993-07-05 | 1997-08-07 | Maier G Paschal Werk | Schaltafel mit Träger mit etwa U-förmigem Querschnitt |
AUPO649897A0 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1997-05-29 | A.R. Tiltwall Services | Method and arrangement for forming construction panels and structures |
US5762815A (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 1998-06-09 | Lee; Kou-An | Apparatus for adjusting a distance between two opposed form panels |
US5857300A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-01-12 | Gates & Sons, Inc. | Adjustable radius form assembly |
US6036165A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2000-03-14 | Lee; Kou-An | Method and apparatus for constructing a building unit |
JP3269808B2 (ja) * | 1998-08-24 | 2002-04-02 | 竹村工業株式会社 | 生コンクリート打設方法及び該方法に使用する型枠装置 |
US6629681B1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2003-10-07 | Metal Forms Corporation | Flexible form assembly |
DE10018658B4 (de) * | 2000-04-14 | 2008-10-16 | Alpi Ag | Rundschalungsmodul |
IT1320077B1 (it) * | 2000-10-25 | 2003-11-18 | Metecno Spa | Stampo per pannelli curvi. |
ES2178604B1 (es) * | 2001-04-27 | 2004-10-01 | Encofrados J. Alsina, S.A. | Encofrado curvo. |
US7004737B2 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2006-02-28 | Matthew Russell | Methods and apparatus for forming concrete structures |
US7114296B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2006-10-03 | Arxx Building Products, Inc. | Temporary bracing system for insulated wall form and method |
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DE10240372B4 (de) * | 2002-09-02 | 2004-09-02 | Paschal-Werk G. Maier Gmbh | Rundschalung |
AT412795B (de) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-25 | Rund Stahl Bau Gmbh & Co | Schalungselement einer rundschalung |
US20050246975A1 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2005-11-10 | Cardinal Manufacturing | Interlocking concrete joint forms |
US7131624B2 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-11-07 | Bogrett Blake B | Landscape edging form assembly and method |
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ATA165386A (de) * | 1986-06-17 | 1992-10-15 | Rund Stahl Bau Gmbh & Co | Schalung |
JPH02147770A (ja) * | 1988-11-28 | 1990-06-06 | Natl House Ind Co Ltd | 型枠の支柱の取り付け構造 |
NO166141C (no) * | 1989-02-03 | 1991-06-05 | Arnfinn Saervoll | Forskalingsanordning. |
-
1991
- 1991-05-18 DE DE4116439A patent/DE4116439C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-05-07 DE DE59205536T patent/DE59205536D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-07 ES ES92107699T patent/ES2084868T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-07 EP EP92107699A patent/EP0514712B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-07 DK DK92107699.8T patent/DK0514712T3/da active
- 1992-05-07 SG SG1995000858A patent/SG74531A1/en unknown
- 1992-05-07 AT AT92107699T patent/ATE135076T1/de active
- 1992-05-11 ZA ZA923379A patent/ZA923379B/xx unknown
- 1992-05-12 MA MA22808A patent/MA22523A1/fr unknown
- 1992-05-13 DZ DZ920048A patent/DZ1579A1/fr active
- 1992-05-14 SK SK1288-93A patent/SK284020B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-14 GE GEAP19922532A patent/GEP20012539B/en unknown
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- 1992-05-14 AU AU17929/92A patent/AU653234B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-05-14 RU RU9293058432A patent/RU2087649C1/ru active
- 1992-05-14 WO PCT/DE1992/000389 patent/WO1992020887A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1992-05-14 HU HU9302892A patent/HUT69476A/hu unknown
- 1992-05-14 TR TR00444/92A patent/TR27945A/xx unknown
- 1992-05-14 PL PL92104845U patent/PL55249Y1/xx unknown
- 1992-05-14 KR KR1019930703496A patent/KR100225113B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-14 BR BR9206014A patent/BR9206014A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-14 UA UA93004500A patent/UA29405C2/uk unknown
- 1992-05-14 CZ CS932433A patent/CZ281634B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-14 CA CA002109610A patent/CA2109610C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-17 EG EG25692A patent/EG19856A/xx active
- 1992-05-18 CN CN92103698A patent/CN1052288C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-18 TN TNTNSN92036A patent/TNSN92036A1/fr unknown
- 1992-05-18 MX MX9202334A patent/MX9202334A/es unknown
-
1993
- 1993-11-17 NO NO934158A patent/NO179340C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-17 FI FI935088A patent/FI935088A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1996
- 1996-05-16 GR GR960401303T patent/GR3019938T3/el unknown
- 1996-09-19 HK HK174896A patent/HK174896A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR1212314A (fr) * | 1958-10-06 | 1960-03-23 | Entpr Leon Chaize & Cie | Coffrage métallique pour parois de béton |
GB2133826A (en) * | 1983-01-11 | 1984-08-01 | Acrow | Adjusting curvature of formwork |
FR2613747A1 (fr) * | 1987-04-10 | 1988-10-14 | Ricard Coffrages | Traverse a appuis mobiles et orientables pour l'execution de banches, et banches realisees a l'aide de cette traverse |
DE8908345U1 (de) * | 1989-07-08 | 1989-10-05 | Peri GmbH, 7912 Weißenhorn | Vorrichtung zum Anpassen eines Schalungselements an bestimmte Radien einer Rundschalung |
EP0484080A1 (fr) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-05-06 | LEADA ACROW LIMITED (Reg. n 2766044) | Perfectionnements aux coffrages pour béton |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2711705A1 (fr) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-05 | Sateco Sa | Dispositif de coffrage à rayon de courbure réglable, notamment pour les ouvrages en béton. |
ES2124105A1 (es) * | 1994-02-17 | 1999-01-16 | Perez Antonio Navarro | Sistema de encofrado curvilineo. |
WO2002022990A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-21 | Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. | Systeme de coffrage modulaire courbe a rayon variable |
CN102168488A (zh) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-08-31 | 吴方伯 | 一种建筑用楼板模板 |
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