EP0375687B2 - Thyristor-lastumschalter - Google Patents

Thyristor-lastumschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0375687B2
EP0375687B2 EP88905150A EP88905150A EP0375687B2 EP 0375687 B2 EP0375687 B2 EP 0375687B2 EP 88905150 A EP88905150 A EP 88905150A EP 88905150 A EP88905150 A EP 88905150A EP 0375687 B2 EP0375687 B2 EP 0375687B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
load
change
contact
over
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88905150A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0375687A1 (de
EP0375687B1 (de
Inventor
Ernst Sonntagbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione elin Oltc Stufenschalter fur Transfo GmbH
Original Assignee
Andritz Hydro GmbH Austria
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=3516943&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0375687(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Andritz Hydro GmbH Austria filed Critical Andritz Hydro GmbH Austria
Publication of EP0375687A1 publication Critical patent/EP0375687A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0375687B1 publication Critical patent/EP0375687B1/de
Publication of EP0375687B2 publication Critical patent/EP0375687B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement in a load changeover switch of a tap changer for uninterrupted switching of the control winding of a transformer, the load current being able to be conducted via a lower or higher winding tap of a control stage of a control winding and via a connection of at least two selector contacts and two permanent contacts with a common derivative, and the changeover from the lower to the higher winding tapping or vice versa takes place via a first changeover switch such that the load current briefly passes to a relief circuit which is arranged between the root connection of this first changeover switch and the common derivative, the relief circuit being a thyristor circuit with antiparallel connected thyristors and contains a switching resistor, which is connected to the common derivative via a bridging switch, and wherein one of the two contacts of the first switch at d he connection of a selector contact with a permanent contact is established.
  • the uninterrupted load switching is usually carried out under voltage using mechanical switching elements.
  • the control winding to be switched has taps that are connected to a selector, which can be connected to the common derivative via the diverter switch.
  • Switching always takes place between adjacent taps, i.e. one level at a time.
  • the desired tap is first selected with the voter.
  • the diverter switch then switches the current from the selected to the preselected tap, with intermittent switching resistors. In the two end positions, the switching resistances are not loaded since they are bridged by the main contacts of the diverter switch.
  • the selector and diverter switch are usually housed in the transformer tank, with the diverter switch in its own tub, the oil filling of which is separated from that of the transformer by seals.
  • a disadvantage here is the erosion of the contacts that occurs when switching and the sooting of the oil due to the arcing that occurs during switching. It is therefore necessary to change contacts and oil after a certain number of operations to ensure proper operation, so that the resulting switch-off of the transformer leads to interruptions in operation.
  • the arrangement described in GB-A-1 399 528 consists of at least two selector contacts and two permanent contacts, a switching resistor and a relief circuit with two anti-parallel connected thyristors, two ignition diodes and a thyristor control contact.
  • the selector consists of two single-pole changeover switches which are not moved at the same time, the changeover contacts of one changeover switch being connected to the changeover contacts of the other changeover switch and being connected to a control stage of a control winding.
  • a conductive connection leads directly from the root connections of the two selectors, the other leads to a root connection of the two permanent contacts via the switching resistor.
  • the permanent contacts short-circuit the thyristor circuit.
  • Both the permanent contacts and the thyristor control contact are rigidly connected to a drive shaft.
  • the thyristor group When switching on, the thyristor group first takes over the load current. Then this is switched off and the load current is forced onto the current path of the transition resistor. The next control level is preselected by moving one of the two selector contacts to the desired tap. Now the thyristor circuit switches the load current to this preselected tap. While the load current flows through one selector contact, the second selector contact carries the equalizing current.
  • the thyristor group is loaded with the sum of the load current and the compensation current.
  • both voters are tapped; therefore, with the same number of contacts, you can only accommodate half of the taps on the electorate.
  • the selector contacts are integrated in the switching process so that their slow movement results in an increase in the time load of the thyristors by at least an order of magnitude.
  • the load current is fed to the control stage of a control winding via winding taps and to a common derivation via selector and permanent contacts.
  • a thyristor circuit with anti-parallel thyristors is arranged here.
  • the two thyristor circuits are connected to the common lead via a separate contact.
  • the switching sequence is controlled by a logic circuit.
  • the sequence is such that the load current is always switched by the thyristors and, depending on the switching operation to be carried out, is either subsequently commutated to the permanent contact or has previously been commutated by the permanent contact to the thyristors.
  • Another disadvantage is the influence of the high voltage on the electronic part. There is also the risk that the magnetic fields of the transformer windings will trigger misfires of the thyristors.
  • Each tap of the transformer control winding has a fixed conductive connection to a pair of antiparallel connected thyristors, the outgoers of which are connected to the common derivative.
  • the thyristors are switched via a control circuit of the transformer. Switching from one stage to another is carried out by setting the selected thyristor pair from the conductive to the non-conductive, and the preselected from the non-conductive to the conductive switching state.
  • a disadvantage of this arrangement is the high technical complexity and the susceptibility to malfunction of the electronic components required for control.
  • DE-AS 23 27 610 describes an embodiment which consists of two load branches, each of which connects a tap of the control winding with a common derivative.
  • each load branch there is a selector - and an isolating contact as well as a parallel connection, consisting of a thyristor and a permanent contact, in series.
  • the thyristors are polarized in opposite directions.
  • a current branch is arranged between the two load branches and can be connected in parallel to one of the two load branches via a changeover switch.
  • This current branch consists of two antiparallel connected diodes, with the input of a voltage detection and ignition device lying in parallel.
  • the isolating contact and the permanent contact associated with the first tap or the first load branch are closed.
  • the additional current branch is connected in parallel to this load branch via the synchronous switch.
  • the load current is commutated to the additional current branch.
  • the first thyristor is fired and at the same time the switchover pulse for the synchronous switch is released.
  • the synchronous changeover switch lifts off the first changeover contact, the current commutates to the first thyristor.
  • the current changes from the first to the second tap and thus via the second selector contact to the second thyristor.
  • the synchronous changeover switch has reached the second changeover contact, the load current is taken over by the additional current branch.
  • the switching process ends when the isolating contact in the first and the permanent contact in the second load branch is closed.
  • This version has the disadvantage that the switchover cannot be guaranteed for all operating cases and switching times, since it is to take place in the zero current crossing, which can only be measured by complicated and fault-prone electronic devices.
  • a load switchover is also described in US Pat. No. 3,662,253, wherein two vacuum switches are arranged between a common lead and two selector contacts. Furthermore, a relief circuit is provided, which lies between the common derivation and - by using a switch - one selector contact each and is designed so that it can be connected in parallel to one of the two vacuum switches.
  • the relief circuit contains a series circuit of a current-limiting resistor with a semiconductor switch.
  • a bypass circuit with high impedance is provided for this semiconductor switch in order to limit occurring current increases.
  • the circuit of the bypass circuit is coupled to the primary winding of a current transformer, the secondary winding of which is fed to a grid control device.
  • the lattice control device contains control elements which take advantage of the secondary current rise of the current transformer incorporated in the bypass circuit.
  • the taps are switched under load, with the relief circuit interposed, during the interdependent switch-on and switch-off movements of the vacuum switches.
  • This US-A-3 662 253 also proposes a more complex system for switching the taps of regulating transformers, in which two vacuum switches are located between the common discharge line and the selector contacts. There is also a relief group here arranged between the common derivative and a changeover switch in such a way that the relief circuit can be placed parallel to one of the two vacuum switches.
  • the relief circuit consists of a series connection of a semiconductor switch with an ohmic resistor; this series circuit is connected in parallel with a semiconductor switch. To prevent a voltage rise during the switching processes, a voltage limiting circuit is provided in parallel to the semiconductor switch of the series circuit.
  • the connecting lines between the two vacuum switches and the common derivative, as well as the connecting line between the voltage limiting circuit and the common derivative, are each coupled to the primary winding of an associated one of three current transformers.
  • the secondary windings of these current transformers are each connected to an associated one of three grid control devices, which are responsible for timely ignition of the semiconductor switches of the relief circuit.
  • a corresponding ignition setting ensures that the load current flows through the semiconductor switches during the opening and closing of the vacuum switches, so that an arc is prevented.
  • a circuit which shows a load switch equipped with semiconductor valves for transformers and choke coils.
  • the semiconductor valves are paired anti-parallel and arranged between series resistors and common derivation.
  • break contacts are provided which open when the pair of semiconductor valves closest to the break contact in the closed state is actuated.
  • the circuit is further developed such that a switching process can be carried out with a pair of semiconductor valves, two normally closed contacts, a switching resistor and two additional changeover switches.
  • a first series connection - consisting of the one changeover switch and the pair of semiconductor valves - with a second series connection - consisting of the other changeover switch and the switching resistor - connected in parallel.
  • circuits according to document DD-C-40 772 have the disadvantage that the thyristors are exposed to a very high current load.
  • the invention presented in the published patent application DE-A-2 210 049 is entitled "Arrangement and method for uninterrupted load switching in step transformers". Also in this system according to the invention, switching is proposed by means of an arc-free switch consisting of antiparallel connected thyristors The circuit diagram shows that the relief circuit consisting of thyristors can be bridged by means of one of two switches in each case.
  • the circuit 1t. DE-A-2 210 049 is disadvantageous with respect to the current load of the thyristors.
  • the patent publication DE-A-1 638 555 presents a short-circuit proof load switching in step transformers.
  • This invention is the "pennant circuit" which is well known in the relevant technical literature. This circuit is advantageously used only when there is power flow in only one direction. The reason for this is that in a position with power flow in one direction, the geometric difference between the load current and the equalizing current flows through the switching element and is to be switched.
  • the difference between the step voltage and the voltage drop across the transition resistance also occurs as a recurring voltage.
  • the switching element should be designed for the sum of the two currents. This condition is meaningless for the switching element used in the patent publication DE-A-1 638 555, which is a vacuum switch.
  • thyristors for such a switching element would have to be dimensioned correspondingly large, which would have a decisive, ie negative, effect in terms of dimensions - and of course also in price. Even with power flow in only one direction, the thyristors would have to be dimensioned larger because the geometric difference has to be taken into account.
  • the patent publication DD-C-72 826 also deals with a diverter switch for transformers and choke coils. Two vacuum switches, a changeover resistor as well as a pre-contact changeover switch and a second changeover switch are provided between a common derivative and two winding taps.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an arrangement in a load switch of a tap changer for uninterrupted switching of the control winding of a transformer of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the known arrangements and keeps the voltage and current load of the thyristors during the switching process to a minimum .
  • the relief circuit contains a second changeover switch, which is connected in series with the thyristor circuit, and that the one changeover contact of the second changeover switch is directly connected and the other changeover contact of this second changeover switch is connected to the root connection of the first changeover switch via the transition resistor.
  • the mechanical switching elements used in the known diverter switch and the switchover resistances can be used.
  • FIG. 1 represents the diverter switch according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are the associated flow diagrams.
  • FIG. 1 shows a control stage 13 of a control winding, the load current of which can be fed to a common derivative 16 via a lower or higher winding tapping 11, 12 and at least two selector contacts 14, 15 and two permanent contacts 9, 10.
  • the changeover from the lower to the higher winding tapping or vice versa takes place via a changeover switch 5, the load current passing briefly to a relief circuit 17 which is arranged between the root connection 6 of the changeover switch 5 and the common derivative 16.
  • One of each of the two contacts 7, 8 of the changeover switch 5 is connected to the connection of the selector contact 14, 15 to the permanent contact 9, 10.
  • the relief circuit 17 consists of a changeover switch 18 and a series thyristor circuit 2 with antiparallel connected thyristors 2a, 2b.
  • a switching resistor 4 is connected to the common derivative 16 via a bypass switch 23.
  • the one changeover contact 20 of the changeover switch 18 is directly connected, the other changeover contact 21 is connected to the root connection 6 of the changeover switch 5 via the switching resistor 4.
  • the switching times for the ignition of the thyristors 2a, 2b are offset asymmetrically.
  • a switchover from the tap tap 11 to the tap tap 12 of the control stage 13 of a control winding is described in steps.
  • the left side Designations in FIG. 2 correspond to the switches or thyristors and contacts in FIG. 1.
  • 11 ⁇ 12 means the switching direction from tap 11 to 12.
  • the first field shows the duration the ignition pulses
  • the second field the duration of the current flow through the thyristors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Devices For Supply Of Signal Current (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP88905150A 1987-06-25 1988-06-14 Thyristor-lastumschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0375687B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0160187A AT400496B (de) 1987-06-25 1987-06-25 Thyristor-lastumschalter
AT1601/87 1987-06-25
PCT/AT1988/000045 WO1988010502A1 (en) 1987-06-25 1988-06-14 Thyristor on-load change-over switch

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0375687A1 EP0375687A1 (de) 1990-07-04
EP0375687B1 EP0375687B1 (de) 1993-05-12
EP0375687B2 true EP0375687B2 (de) 1997-04-02

Family

ID=3516943

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88905150A Expired - Lifetime EP0375687B2 (de) 1987-06-25 1988-06-14 Thyristor-lastumschalter

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5006784A (ja)
EP (1) EP0375687B2 (ja)
JP (1) JP2662434B2 (ja)
AT (2) AT400496B (ja)
BG (1) BG50510A3 (ja)
DE (1) DE3881052D1 (ja)
HU (1) HU203425B (ja)
SU (1) SU1739862A3 (ja)
WO (1) WO1988010502A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

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CN103166161A (zh) * 2013-04-15 2013-06-19 都匀供电局 调节融冰电抗器的输出阻抗方法及装置

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DE102010008973B4 (de) * 2010-02-24 2015-11-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter des Hybridtyps mit Halbleiterschaltelementen
UA112302C2 (uk) * 2010-12-17 2016-08-25 Машіненфабрік Райнхаузен Гмбх Ступеневий перемикач
DE102012107436A1 (de) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-06 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
RU2539399C1 (ru) * 2013-07-23 2015-01-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева", НГТУ Устройство переключения отводов обмотки трансформатора
US9400512B2 (en) * 2013-12-17 2016-07-26 General Electric Company System and method for operating an on load tap changer for regulating voltage on an electric power system
US9570252B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2017-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for operating an on-load tap changer
US9557754B2 (en) 2014-04-22 2017-01-31 General Electric Company Load tap changer
WO2016082704A1 (zh) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-02 王海 变压器有载调压分接开关及开关控制方法
DE102015102727A1 (de) * 2015-02-25 2016-08-25 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Verfahren zum Ändern der aktiven Windungszahl einer Regelwicklung in einer elektrischen Anlage und elektrische Anlage mit einer Regelwicklung
DE102015106178A1 (de) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
RU2613679C2 (ru) * 2015-08-19 2017-03-21 Борис Алексеевич Аржанников Устройство для регулирования напряжения и способ его регулирования
US10048709B2 (en) 2016-09-19 2018-08-14 General Electric Company System and method for regulation of voltage on an electric power system
CN113066685B (zh) * 2021-02-08 2022-05-20 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 一种无源触发的电力电子分接开关的触头装置
DE102020123455A1 (de) 2020-09-09 2022-03-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters
CN112447383B (zh) * 2020-10-22 2022-11-25 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种非复用式电力电子有载分接开关切换的过渡电路
CN113035603B (zh) * 2021-02-08 2022-06-14 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 一种无源触发的电力电子分接开关的异形触头装置
RU2754350C1 (ru) * 2021-03-12 2021-09-01 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Устройство защиты силового трансформатора

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DD72826A1 (de) † 1969-02-12 1970-05-05 Lastumschalter für Transformatoren und Drosselspulen
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103166161A (zh) * 2013-04-15 2013-06-19 都匀供电局 调节融冰电抗器的输出阻抗方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT400496B (de) 1996-01-25
WO1988010502A1 (en) 1988-12-29
HU203425B (en) 1991-07-29
ATA160187A (de) 1991-12-15
HUT52270A (en) 1990-06-28
BG50510A3 (en) 1992-08-14
DE3881052D1 (de) 1993-06-17
EP0375687A1 (de) 1990-07-04
JP2662434B2 (ja) 1997-10-15
US5006784A (en) 1991-04-09
SU1739862A3 (ru) 1992-06-07
ATE89433T1 (de) 1993-05-15
EP0375687B1 (de) 1993-05-12
JPH03500224A (ja) 1991-01-17

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