CN1853261A - 单个或多个栅极场板的制造 - Google Patents

单个或多个栅极场板的制造 Download PDF

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CN1853261A
CN1853261A CNA2004800259769A CN200480025976A CN1853261A CN 1853261 A CN1853261 A CN 1853261A CN A2004800259769 A CNA2004800259769 A CN A2004800259769A CN 200480025976 A CN200480025976 A CN 200480025976A CN 1853261 A CN1853261 A CN 1853261A
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field plate
grid
dielectric material
electron mobility
high electron
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CN100541745C (zh
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A·池尼
U·K·米什拉
P·帕瑞克
Y·巫
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Cory Co
University of California
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University of California
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Abstract

一种制造单个或多个栅极场板的方法,其利用了下列连续步骤:在场效应晶体管表面上进行介电材料沉积/生长、介电材料蚀刻以及金属蒸镀。由于介电材料沉积/生长是一种充分可控的处理,因此这种制造方法允许对场板工作进行严格控制。而且,沉积在器件表面上的介电材料无需从器件本征区中去除:这实质上使得无需低损伤介电材料干法/湿法蚀刻便能实现场板器件。使用多个栅极场板还通过多个连接来减少栅极电阻,从而改善了大周边和/或亚微米栅器件的性能。

Description

单个或多个栅极场板的制造
相关申请的交叉引用
【0001】依据美国法典第35篇第119(e)款规定,本申请要求下列共同待决且进行了常规转让的美国临时专利申请的优选权:
【0002】序列号60/501,557,名称“Fabrication of Single or MultipleGate Field Plates”,其于2003年9月9日由Alessandro Chini、Umesh K.Mishra、Primit Parikh和Yifeng Wu提交,代理人案卷号为30794.105-US-P1;
【0003】在此以引用方式将该申请并入本文。
关于联邦政府资助的研发项目声明
【0004】本发明是在ONR MURI计划所授予的批准号N00014-01-1-0764、以及AFOSR MURI计划所授予的批准号F49620-99-1-0296下通过美国政府的支持完成的。美国政府就本发明享有一定的权利。
技术领域
【0005】本发明涉及半导体器件,特别是涉及单个或多个栅极场板的制造。
背景技术
【0006】  (注:本申请在说明书中以括号内加参考编号的方式(例如[x])引用了各种出版物。在后文题为“参考文献”一节中,根据这些参考编号的顺序给出了上述出版物的列表。在此以引用方式将所有这些出版物并入本文。)
【0007】在基于半导体的场效应晶体管(FET)中,正常工作时,在栅漏通道区内会产生高电场。场电镀(field plating)是一项众所周知的技术,用于改善高电场工作条件下的器件性能,并减轻表面陷获或陷阱(trap)现象,参见文献[1]、[2]。例如,为了减轻所有出现在工作于高电场下的器件中的有害效应(击穿电压、陷获效应、可靠性),场电镀已成为一种有效的公知技术。
【0008】场电镀的基本概念就在于器件有源区的垂直耗尽(depletion),从而使水平耗尽区能够得到较大的扩展。这对于给定的偏置电压,将在器件有源区中形成低电场,从而减少在器件工作于高电场时出现的所有有害效应(低击穿电压、陷获现象、低可靠性)。而且,位于栅源通道区中的一个场板(field plate)还具有对器件有源区进行调整的能力,从而减少在大射频(RF)信号下妨碍正常器件操作的表面陷获效应。
【0009】因此,所需要的是制造单个或多个栅极场板的改进方法以及合并了单个或多个栅极场板的改进结构。
发明内容
【0010】本发明的实施例提供了制造单个和多个栅极场板的改进方法。一种根据本发明的制造方法使用了如下连续步骤:在场效应晶体管的表面上进行介电材料沉积或生长、介电材料蚀刻以及金属蒸镀。所述制造方法的优点包括严格控制了介电材料的厚度,并且使器件有源区的表面完全不会暴露于任何干法或湿法蚀刻处理,其中所述干法或湿法蚀刻处理可能会在形成场效应晶体管的半导体材料中引起损伤。而且,无需从器件本征区中去除沉积在器件表面上的介电材料,从而能够使场电镀器件被制成,而无干法或湿法蚀刻处理所引起的损伤。通过使用多个连接来利用多个栅极场板减小了栅极电阻,因此改善了大周边区和/或亚微米栅器件的性能。最后,通过适当调整介电材料的厚度,可将平行栅极触点沉积在介电材料的顶上,以便通过在器件非本征区上电连接所述平行栅极触点来显著减小栅极电阻。
附图说明
【0011】现参看附图,其中类似的附图标记在所有附图中均表示相应的部件:
【0012】图1A是场效应晶体管(FET)的横截面图,而图1B为其顶视图;
【0013】图2A为器件横截面图,图2B为器件顶视图,其示出了介电材料的沉积/生长;
【0014】图3A为器件横截面图,图3B为器件顶视图,其示出正在从器件非本征区被除去的介电材料;
【0015】图4A为器件横截面图,图4B为器件顶视图,其示出栅极场板的蒸镀;
【0016】图5A为器件横截面图,图5B为器件顶视图,其示出了多场板结构的一个示例;
【0017】图6是fmax与栅极指宽(gate finger width)依赖关系的模拟曲线图;
【0018】图7A为器件横截面图,图7B为器件顶视图,图7C为器件横截面图,其示出了用于减小栅极电阻的多场板器件;
【0019】图8为一个基于氮化物的HEMT(高电子迁移率晶体管)器件的单元元件的示意性横截面图;
【0020】图9为一个基于氮化物的HEMT器件的单元元件的示意性横截面图,该器件具有与图8所示器件不同的结构;以及
【0021】图10为曲线图,其示出了场板距离对器件性能的影响。
具体实施方式
【0022】在优选实施例的下列描述中参考了附图,所述附图构成了描述的一部分,且其中通过图解说明的方式示出了一个可实现本发明的特定实施例。应理解的是,在不脱离本发明范围的情况下,还可利用其它实施例,并且可对结构进行改动。
概述
【0023】本发明描述了用于实现场效应晶体管(FET)的单个或多个栅极场板结构的简单制造方法。本发明使用了下列简单的、通常充分可控的连续处理步骤:介电材料沉积或生长、介电材料蚀刻和金属蒸镀(metal evaporation)。
制造方法
【0024】图1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3C、4A及4B根据本发明的一实施例来说明制造方法一种可能实现方式的步骤,其中所述制造方法包括制造栅极场板的方法。
【0025】图1A是场效应晶体管(FET)10的横截面图,图1B是场效应晶体管(FET)10的顶视图,该场效应晶体管包括源极和漏极欧姆触点(ohmic contact)12和14、栅极触点16以及有源区18。将所述制造方法的步骤应用于场效应晶体管10或其它器件上。所述方法一般包括执行如下连续步骤:介电材料的沉积或生长、介电材料的蚀刻以及金属蒸镀,从而在器件的表面上形成一个或多个场板,其中所述步骤允许对场板操作进行严格控制,且其中沉积在所述表面上的介电材料无需从有源区18除去,从而能够获得场板器件,而无需使用低损伤介电材料的干法或湿法蚀刻方法。所执行的步骤进一步包括以下步骤:(1)在所述器件的本征和非本征区上沉积或生长介电材料,其中所述介电材料的厚度是受控的,以便实现器件的正常操作;(2)通过干法或湿法蚀刻处理或通过剥离(lift-off)处理使介电材料图案化,从而使介电材料主要保留在所述器件的有源区上;以及(3)在图案化介电材料上蒸镀(evaporating)场板,其中栅极和场板触点至少在非本征区的一侧电短路,从而在它们之间提供低电阻连接。下面结合图2A、2B、3A、3B、4A和4B,更详细地说明这些步骤。
【0026】图2A是一个器件横截面图,图2B是一个器件顶视图,它们说明所述制造方法的第一个步骤,该步骤包括在器件10的本征和非本征区上沉积或生长介电材料20。介电材料20的厚度是要被控制的关键参数,以便实现所完成的器件10的正常工作。然而,在大多数沉积/生长技术中,例如在PECVD(等离子体增强化学气相沉积)中,这通常都是一种充分可控的处理。典型材料是氮化硅和氧化硅,但也可用其它材料,只要它们能够通过干法或湿法蚀刻或通过剥离而被图案化即可。
【0027】图3A是一个器件横截面图,图3B是一个器件顶视图,它们说明了所述制造方法的第二个步骤,该步骤包括通过从器件非本征区22蚀刻或除去介电材料20来使其图案化,从而让介电材料20主要保留在器件10的有源区18上。在通过蚀刻来形成图案的情况下,应当强调的是,器件10的表面在这一步骤中将会受到保护,以防止有源区18的表面暴露于任何能够使形成器件的半导体材料受损的干法或湿法蚀刻处理。此步骤之后,欧姆触点12、14以及处于器件非本征区22内的栅极部分16是可电访问的(electrically accessible)。
【0028】图4A是一个器件横截面图,图4B是一个器件顶视图,它们说明了所述制造方法的第三个步骤,该步骤包括在图案化介电材料20上形成场板24,其中栅极16和场板24的触点至少在非本征区的一侧电短路,从而在它们之间提供低电阻连接。优选用金属蒸镀来形成场板24,其中所述场板24是由金属片或接触件构成的。场板24被置于栅极16的漏极通道区内,从而提供了对有源区18进行调整的能力,使得在大RF信号情况下妨碍正常器件工作的表面陷获效应减轻。场板24被连接到器件本征区两侧,且栅极16和场板24至少在非本征区22的一侧电短路,从而在它们的两个金属线之间提供低电阻连接。相对于目标器件性能,即击穿电压、RF性能等,对场板24的偏移量和长度进行优化。
【0029】若需要多场板结构,可重复图2A、2B、3A、3B、4A和4B所示的介电材料沉积/生长、介电材料蚀刻以及金属蒸镀这三个步骤。
【0030】图5A是一个器件横截面图,图5B是一个器件顶视图,它们说明了这样一个示例:用多个栅极场板形成多个连接,以减少栅极电阻,从而改善大周边器件和/或亚微米栅器件的性能。此示例为双场板结构,该结构包括另一层介电材料26以及另一由金属片或接触件构成的场板28。介电材料26的厚度、场板28的长度和相对于栅极16和其它场板24的偏移量、以及所引入的场板24、28的数目构成制造工艺参数。使用多场板24、28,即能在器件10的设计中获得更大的自由度,且对获得高电压器件10有重要影响。
【0031】本发明的另一优点是,可能减少由大周边器件内的栅极电阻所导致的RF性能下降。通常,最大振荡频率(fmax)在栅极指宽(gatefinger width)因栅极电阻的增加而增加时下降。
【0032】图6是fmax与栅极指宽的依赖关系的模拟曲线图。如图所示,引入在有源区两端短接的场板结构能够改善具有大指宽的器件的fmax性能。使用具有等于栅极电阻Rg的电阻Rf、并连接到有源区两端的场板,显著改善了fmax性能。进一步的改善可通过降低场板电阻来取得。应强调的是,只有在场板结构所附加的寄生电容与本征器件的寄生电容相比可忽略时,这种降低才能被观察到。这可以通过适当选择介电材料及其厚度来实现,并且必须被作为一种优化处理来考虑。
【0033】栅极与场板之间的多个连接也导致栅极电阻显著减少。为实现这种多重连接而不使RF操作严重退化,在栅极沉积之前蚀刻一小部分有源区,以在栅极与场板之间形成所述多个连接,而不使器件的RF操作退化。
【0034】在此区域中,可连接栅极和场板,而不给器件引入任何寄生电容。同样,只有在被引入的寄生电容与本征器件的寄生电容相比较小时,器件性能才会改善。此外,与传统布局的器件相比,利用各个独立的有源区之间的间隔来操纵该器件的热阻抗更加有效。
【0035】关键参数在于选择介电材料、介电材料的厚度、及场板的长度。这些关键参数必须被作为所推荐的制造方法的优化步骤来考虑。
【0036】使用这种方法,即能以较少数目的风桥(air bridge)制造大周边器件。而且,可利用本发明制造亚微米器件。通常,亚微米栅极是用T形法(T-shape process)制造的,因为与标准栅极形状相比,T形减小了栅极电阻。通过形成多个连接而不用T形法,即使是对亚微米栅极也可获得低栅极电阻。
【0037】此外,通过适当地调整材料介电厚度,可在介电材料的顶部沉积平行栅极触点,以便通过用平行场板在器件非本征区上形成多个连接,来显著减少栅极电阻。低电阻路径是由所述平行场板,通过适当选择栅极与场板之间所形成连接处的宽度来提供的。
【0038】图7A是一个器件横截面图,图7B是一个器件顶视图,而图7C是一个器件横截面图,它们说明了用于减少栅极电阻的多场板结构的示例。而且,还利用如图7A、7B以及7C所示的覆盖栅源通道区的场板来调整源极通道电阻,以改善器件的线性性能。
具有场板的氮化镓基高电子迁移率晶体管
【0039】包括AlGaN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)的基于GaN的晶体管能够在RF、微波和毫米波频率进行很高电压及高功率操作。然而,电子陷获以及DC与RF特性之间由此而来的差异限制了这些器件的性能。SiN钝化作用已被成功地用来缓解这种陷获问题,从而导致在10GHz具有10W/mm以上功率密度的高性能器件。例如,文献[3]公开了用于减小GaN晶体管中的陷获效应的方法和结构。然而,由于这类结构中存在高电场,因此电荷陷获仍然是个问题。
【0040】本发明已被成功地用来改善AlGaN/GaN HEMT功率器件的性能。在4GHz的工作条件下,已经分别对蓝宝石和碳化硅衬底上的器件实现了12W/mm和18.8W/mm功率密度。因场板制造中涉及的处理步骤简单,本发明可被用于开发AlGaN/GaN HEMT技术及其它半导体器件。利用适当设计的多场板,大大改善了这类器件的击穿性能和大RF信号性能。
【0041】基于GaN的HEMT包括通道层和位于该通道层上的阻挡层。金属源极和漏极欧姆触点被制成与阻挡层相接触。在阻挡层上,形成一个位于源极和漏极触点之间的栅极触点,并在阻挡层上方形成隔离层。隔离层可在栅极触点形成之前或之后形成。隔离层可包括介电层、非掺杂的或耗尽(depleted)的AlxGa1-xN(0≤x≤1)材料层,或它们的组合。一个导电场板被形成于隔离层上方,且从栅极触点的边缘向漏极触点延伸一个距离Lf(场板距离)。该场板可被电连接到栅极触点。在一些实施例中,所述场板是在相同沉积步骤中作为栅极触点的延伸而形成的。在其它实施例中,所述场板和栅极触点是在独立的沉积步骤中形成的。这种方案可减少器件内的峰值电场,从而提高了击穿电压并减小了陷获。该电场的减少还可带来其它益处,如泄漏电流减小以及可靠性提高。
【0042】图8中示出了本发明的一个实施例,该图是一个基于氮化物的HEMT器件的单元元件30的示意性横截面图。具体地,器件30包括衬底32,该衬底可包括碳化硅、蓝宝石、尖晶石、ZnO、硅,或任何能支持III族氮化物材料生长的其它材料。在衬底32上,通过外延晶体生长法,例如MOCVD(金属有机化学气相沉积)、HVPE(氢化物气相外延生长)或MBE(分子束外延生长),来生长AlzGa1-zN(0≤z≤1)结核层34。结核层34的形成可取决于衬底32的材料。例如,文献[4]和文献[5]中讲授了在各种衬底上形成结核层34的方法。文献[6]、[7]及[8]则公开了在碳化硅衬底形成结核层的方法。
【0043】在结核层34上形成一高电阻率III族氮化物的通道层36。通道层36可包括AlxGayIn(1-x-y)N(0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1,x+y≤1)。其后,在通道层36上形成一AlxGa1-xN(0≤x≤1)阻挡层38。每个通道层36与阻挡层38可包括子层,所述子层可包括掺杂或非掺杂的III族氮化物材料层。文献[3]、[9]、[10]、[11]及[12]中描述了多种示例性结构。其它基于氮化物的HEMT结构图则被描述于文献[13]和[14]中。
【0044】在图8所示的实施例中,III族氮化物半导体隔离层40是在AlxGa1-xN阻挡层28上生长的。隔离层40可具有均匀的或分级(graded)的成分。隔离层40可以是非掺杂的和/或可被设计成随着生长而被充分耗尽的(depleted)。
【0045】源极42和漏极44被形成为通过阻挡层38构成欧姆接触,以致当栅极46被偏置在适当电平时,通过在通道层36与阻挡层38之间异质界面(heterointerface)处引入的二维电子气(2DEG),在源极42与漏极44之间有电流流过。源极42和漏极44的形成被详细描述于上面引用的专利和出版物中。
【0046】隔离层40可被蚀刻,且栅极46被沉积以使栅极46的底部位于阻挡层38的表面上。形成栅极46的金属可被图案化,从而延伸过隔离层40,以致在栅极46顶部形成的场板结构48从栅极46的边缘朝向漏极44延伸一个距离Lf。换言之,位于隔离层40上的栅极46的金属部分形成外延场板48。最后,用介电钝化层50(例如氮化硅)来覆盖所述结构。形成介电钝化层50的方法被详细描述于上面引用的专利和出版物中。
【0047】本发明的其它实施例被示于图9中,该图是一个基于氮化物的HEMT器件的单元元件30的示意性横截面图,该器件具有与图8所示器件不同的结构。图9所示器件30中的衬底32、结核层34、通道层36以及阻挡层38类似于图8中所示的相应层。在一些实施例中,衬底32包括可从(美国)Cree,Inc.of Durham,N.C.处购得的半绝缘4H-SiC,结核层34由AlN制成,并且通道层36包括2μm厚的GaN:Fe层,而阻挡层38包括0.8nm的AlN和22.5nm的AlxGa1-xN,其中x=0.195,这是通过PL法(光致发光法)测量的。
【0048】栅极46是在形成阻挡层38之后形成的,且钝化层50沉积在所述器件上。随后在叠盖着栅极46的、并在栅漏区中延伸一段距离Lf的钝化层50上形成场板48。在图9所示的实施例中,钝化层50充当了场板48的隔离层。为取得最佳效果,可改变在栅极46上方场板48的叠盖方式以及在栅漏区内的延伸量。场板48和栅极46可与通孔或其它连接物(未示出)电连接。
【0049】在一些实施例中,场板48可延伸0.2-1μm的距离Lf。在一些实施例中,场板48可延伸0.5-0.9μm的距离Lf。在优选实施例中,场板48可延伸0.7μm的距离Lf。
【0050】构造并测试一个根据图9所示实施例的基于GaN的HEMT结构。该器件在120V、4GHz的工作条件下,实现了32W/mm的功率密度及55%的功率附加效率(PAE)。
【0051】测试了场板距离(Lf)对于器件性能的影响。器件大致是根据图9所示实施例制造的,只是从0到0.9μm改变场板长度Lf。随后测量了所获器件的PAE。如图10所示,当场板长度延伸到0.5μm时,PAE出现改善,其中最佳长度为约0.7μm。然而,该最佳长度可取决于具体的器件设计以及工作电压和频率。参考文献
【0052】在此以引用方式将下列参考文献并入本文:
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结论
【0053】本说明书包括对本发明优选实施例的描述。提供以上对本发明一个或多个实施例的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。它并不是穷举性的,也无意用其将本发明限制在所公开的精确形式。根据以上讲授的内容,许多修改和改动都是可能的。本发明的范围不应受到详细描述的限制,而是应该由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (51)

1.一种制造一个或多个栅极场板的方法,包括:
在一器件的表面上执行下列连续步骤:介电材料沉积或生长、介电材料蚀刻和金属蒸镀,以形成一个或多个场板,其中沉积在所述表面上的所述介电材料无需从有源区中去除,由此使得能够在不利用低损伤干法或湿法蚀刻处理的情况下实现场板器件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述步骤允许对场板工作进行严格控制。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括用多个栅极场板形成多个连接以减小栅极电阻。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述场板被置于一栅源通道区内,以此提供调整所述有源区的能力,从而减少在大射频信号下妨碍正常器件操作的表面陷获效应。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括使所述有源区的表面完全不会暴露于可在所述器件中引起损伤的所述干法或湿法蚀刻处理。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括通过适当地调整介电材料厚度,在所述介电材料的顶上沉积一平行栅极触点,以通过在非本征区上电连接至少两个平行栅极来显著减小栅极电阻。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述器件是场效应晶体管,其包括源极和漏极欧姆触点、一栅极触点以及一有源区。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所执行的步骤进一步包括:
(1)在所述器件的本征及非本征区上沉积或生长所述介电材料;
(2)对所述介电材料进行图案化,使得该介电材料主要保留在所述器件的一有源区上;以及
(3)在图案化的所述介电材料上形成一场板,其中栅极和场板触点至少在所述非本征区的一侧电短路,从而在其间提供低电阻连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述介电材料的厚度是受控的,以实现所述器件的正常工作。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述图案化步骤(3)包括通过干法或湿法蚀刻处理或通过剥离来图案化所述介电材料。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述形成步骤(3)包括在图案化的所述介电材料上蒸镀一场板。
12.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中步骤(1)至(3)被重复进行,以形成多个所述场板。
13.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述场板具有电阻Rf,其等于栅极电阻Rg。
14.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述场板被连接到所述器件本征区的两侧。
15.根据权利要求8所述的方法,进一步包括在所述栅极与所述场板之间形成多个连接,以减小所述栅极电阻。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述形成步骤包括在沉积所述栅极之前,蚀刻一小部分所述有源区,以在所述栅极与所述场板之间形成多个连接。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,进一步包括在所述有源区之间进行间隔,以操纵所述器件的热阻抗。
18.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述器件包括一带有较少数目风桥的大周边器件。
19.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述形成步骤包括以下步骤:在不用T形法的情况下形成所述多个连接以降低栅极电阻。
20.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述形成步骤包括以下步骤:用平行场板形成所述多个连接。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述形成步骤包括以下步骤:形成覆盖所述栅源通道区的所述场板,以调整源极通道电阻,改善器件线性性能。
22.一种器件,该器件是用权利要求1所述方法制造的。
23.一种制造栅极场板的方法,包括:
(a)在所述器件的本征及非本征区上沉积或生长所述介电材料;
(b)对所述介电材料进行图案化,以使该介电材料主要保留在所述器件的一有源区上;以及
(c)在图案化的所述介电材料上形成一场板,其中栅极和场板触点至少在所述非本征区的一侧电短路,从而在其间提供低电阻连接。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述介电材料的厚度是受控的,以实现所述器件的正常工作。
25.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述图案化步骤(b)包括通过干法或湿法蚀刻处理或通过剥离处理来图案化所述介电材料。
26.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述形成步骤(c)包括在图案化的所述介电材料上蒸镀一场板。
27.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中步骤(a)至(b)被重复进行,以形成多个所述场板。
28.一种高电子迁移率晶体管,包括:
一衬底;
一结核层,其生长于所述衬底上;
一通道层,其形成于所述结核层上;
一阻挡层,其形成于所述通道层上;
一半导体隔离层,其生长于所述阻挡层上;以及
栅极和源极,其被形成为通过所述阻挡层构成欧姆接触,以致当栅极被偏置于一适当电平时,在所述栅极和源极之间有电流流过;
其中所述隔离层被蚀刻,且所述栅极被沉积,使得至少一部分所述栅极位于一阻挡层表面上;且
其中一部分所述栅极被图案化而延伸过所述隔离层,使得所述栅极构成一场板,该场板从所述栅极朝向所述漏极延伸一距离。
29.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中当所述栅极被偏置在所述适当电平时,通过在处于所述通道层与所述阻挡层之间的异质界面处引入的二维电子气,所述电流在所述栅极和源极之间流过。
30.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中在所述隔离层上的一部分所述栅极形成一外延场板。
31.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,进一步包括一介电钝化层,其覆盖所述隔离层。
32.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述隔离层包括一介电层、一非掺杂的或耗尽的AlxGa1-xN材料层,或它们的组合,其中0≤x≤1。
33.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述场板形成于所述隔离层的上方,且从所述栅极的边缘朝向所述漏极延伸一距离Lf,即场板距离。
34.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述场板被电连接到所述栅极。
35.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述场板是在与所述栅极的延伸相同的沉积步骤中形成的。
36.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述场板和栅极是在独立的沉积步骤中形成的。
37.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述衬底包括碳化硅、蓝宝石、尖晶石、氧化锌、硅,或任何能支持III族氮化物材料生长的其它材料。
38.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述结核层是AlzGa1-zN(0≤z≤1)结核层。
39.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述结核层是AlN结核层。
40.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述通道层是高电阻率的III族氮化物通道层。
41.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述通道层包括AlxGayIn(1-x-y)N,且0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1,x+y≤1。
42.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述通道层包括GaN:Fe。
43.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述阻挡层包括AlxGa1-xN,且0≤X≤1。
44.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述阻挡层包括AlN和AlGaN。
45.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中每个所述通道层和阻挡层均包括子层,所述子层是掺杂的或非掺杂的III族氮化物材料层。
46.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述隔离层是在AlxGa1-xN阻挡层上生长的III族氮化物半导体隔离层。
47.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述隔离层具有均匀成分。
48.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述隔离层具有分级成分。
49.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述隔离层是非掺杂的。
50.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述隔离层是随生长而充分耗尽的。
51.根据权利要求28所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其中所述栅极是在形成所述阻挡层之后形成的,且钝化层被沉积在所述器件上,其中,随后在叠盖所述栅极的、在所述栅漏区内延伸一距离Lf的所述钝化层上形成所述场板,且所述钝化层充当了所述场板的隔离层。
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