CN104429924B - A kind of pollinating method of facility blueberry - Google Patents
A kind of pollinating method of facility blueberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429924B CN104429924B CN201410610700.2A CN201410610700A CN104429924B CN 104429924 B CN104429924 B CN 104429924B CN 201410610700 A CN201410610700 A CN 201410610700A CN 104429924 B CN104429924 B CN 104429924B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry, comprise the following steps: 1) facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening;2) start to place beehive when blueberry fruitful branch is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination;The beehive quantity moved in facility is determined according to the standard of one beehive of every 400~800 square metres of configurations;3), in brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge;4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controlled at 15~35 days.The application uses Xiong Feng and honeybee collocation pollination, and Xiong Feng is relatively low to temperature requirement, does not require strict as honeybee to temperature, and bumblebee also can go out nest pollination at the cloudy day, thus can make up honeybee pollination not enough, and bumblebee price and honeybee suitable;Long term test through inventor is put into practice, and bumblebee and honeybee combination yield to be significantly higher than simple honeybee or bumblebee combination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pollinating method, the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry.
Background technology
In facility, blueberry pollination is the operation of very important farming, is to determine blueberry yield and the key factor of quality, and current
Domestic in facility blueberry pollination still use honeybee pollination.Use honeybee pollination relatively big by outside air temperature and illumination effect, as
Fruit runs into rainy weather or cloudy weather (not having illumination), and in honeybee will not go out nest pollination, so meeting delay elements, blueberry is ripe,
Greatly reduce blueberry benefit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to as overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry, use bear
Peak and honeybee collocation pollination, make up the defect that honeybee pollination is not enough, provide a facility for vast facility blueberry plant personnel
The guidance of blueberry pollination.
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals:
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, cold canopy and brooder facility planted agent place anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening, check anti-honeybee
The tightness of net, it is necessary to without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruitful branch is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination, honeybee and bumblebee case number ratio be 1~
2;The beehive quantity moved in facility is determined according to the standard of every 400~800 square metres of one honeybees of configuration and bumblebee beehive;
Temperature in described facility controls at 5~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 30%~80%, comprises 3~5 in a bee box
Open honeybee spleen and 2000~5000 honeybees, a bumblebee case comprises 1~3 honeybee spleen and 100~300 bumblebees;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed at ground;Bumblebee
Beehive distance ground 0.2~0.8 meter, and above it, at 0.1~0.5 meter, solar protection devices is set;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controlled at 15~35 days;
After pollination time terminates and honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and beehive is withdrawn from from facility;Wherein,
Forbid in facility, use medicament and the internal-suction type desinsection belonging to long residual type during beehive moves into first 3 days of facility and pollination
Agent.
Described brooder is winter warm type warmhouse booth, and east, three orientation in west and north are bodies of wall, and the south is bamboo chip or steelframe;Institute
Stating cold canopy is the spring to warm up formula warmhouse booth, does not has body of wall, and four sides is bamboo chip or steelframe entirely.Heat insulation effect relatively, brooder is excellent
In Leng Peng, the fruit maturation phase typically shifts to an earlier date January to one and a half months.
The anti-honeybee net of described brooder is at mouth is leaked informaton at its top, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy leaks informaton at its waist seam at mouth.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, it is to avoid vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive
Southeastward.
Described honeybee, bumblebee beehive are each configured with 0.3~1 kilogram, the syrup of 0.2~0.8 kilogram.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start to feed syrup, full-bloom stage is further continued for feeding after interrupting syrup, full-bloom stage;Institute
Stating when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup fed, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive 2~syrup of replacing in 5 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,
1. the application uses Xiong Feng and honeybee collocation pollination, and Xiong Feng is relatively low to temperature requirement, does not require strict as honeybee to temperature,
And bumblebee also can go out nest pollination at the cloudy day, thus can make up honeybee pollination not enough, and bumblebee price and honeybee suitable;
Long term test through inventor is put into practice, and bumblebee and honeybee combination yield to be significantly higher than simple honeybee or bumblebee combination;
2. use the pollinating method of the application, bumblebee and honeybee combination maturity period will combine one early than simple honeybee or bumblebee
More than week, especially at brooder, early stage market blueberry fresh fruit demand is in short supply, and blueberry price is the highest, so maturation is imitated earlier
Benefit more than ripe evening, the blueberry fresh fruit price listed the earliest be higher than one week after 2~3 times of price, add bumblebee and honeybee
Combination yield to be significantly higher than simple honeybee or bumblebee combination, so bumblebee and the honeybee combination pollination warp to facility blueberry
Ji benefit improves a lot.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening, and the anti-honeybee net of described brooder exists
Its top is leaked informaton at mouth, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy leaks informaton at mouth at its waist seam, checks the tightness of anti-honeybee net, it is necessary to without leak,
Seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruitful branch is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination;According to every 400 square metres of configurations one
The standard of individual honeybee beehive determines the beehive quantity moved in facility;
Temperature in described facility controls at 5 DEG C, and relative humidity is 30%, comprises 3 honeybee spleens and 2000 in a bee box
Honeybee, comprises 1 honeybee spleen and 100 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed at ground;Bumblebee
0.2 meter of ground of beehive distance, and above it, at 0.1 meter, solar protection devices is set;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controlled at 15 days;
After pollination time terminates and honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and beehive is withdrawn from from facility;Wherein,
Forbid in facility, use medicament and the internal-suction type desinsection belonging to long residual type during beehive moves into first 3 days of facility and pollination
Agent.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, it is to avoid vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive
Southeastward.
Described honeybee, bumblebee beehive are each configured with 0.3 kilogram, the syrup of 0.2 kilogram.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start to feed syrup, full-bloom stage is further continued for feeding after interrupting syrup, full-bloom stage;Institute
Stating when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup fed, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 2 days.
Embodiment 2:
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening, and the anti-honeybee net of described brooder exists
Its top is leaked informaton at mouth, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy leaks informaton at mouth at its waist seam, checks the tightness of anti-honeybee net, it is necessary to without leak,
Seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruitful branch is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination;According to every 800 square metres of configurations one
The standard of individual honeybee beehive determines the beehive quantity moved in facility;
Temperature in described facility controls at 30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 80%, comprises 5 honeybee spleens and 5000 in a bee box
Honeybee, comprises 3 honeybee spleens and 300 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed at ground;Bumblebee
0.8 meter of ground of beehive distance, and above it, at 0.5 meter, solar protection devices is set;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controlled at 30 days;
After pollination time terminates and honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and beehive is withdrawn from from facility;Wherein,
Forbid in facility, use medicament and the internal-suction type desinsection belonging to long residual type during beehive moves into first 3 days of facility and pollination
Agent.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, it is to avoid vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive
Southeastward.
Described honeybee, bumblebee beehive are each configured with 1 kilogram, the syrup of 0.8 kilogram.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start to feed syrup, full-bloom stage is further continued for feeding after interrupting syrup, full-bloom stage;Institute
Stating when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup fed, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 5 days.
Embodiment 3:
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, facility planted agent places anti-honeybee net at ventilating opening, and the anti-honeybee net of described brooder exists
Its top is leaked informaton at mouth, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy leaks informaton at mouth at its waist seam, checks the tightness of anti-honeybee net, it is necessary to without leak,
Seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruitful branch is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination;According to every 600 square metres of configurations one
The standard of individual honeybee beehive determines the beehive quantity moved in facility;
Temperature in described facility controls at 20 DEG C, and relative humidity is 45%, comprises 2 honeybee spleens and 3500 in a bee box
Honeybee, comprises 2 honeybee spleens and 200 bumblebees in a bumblebee case;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed at ground;Bumblebee
0.5 meter of ground of beehive distance, and above it, at 0.3 meter, solar protection devices is set;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controlled at 25 days;
After pollination time terminates and honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and beehive is withdrawn from from facility;Wherein,
Forbid in facility, use medicament and the internal-suction type desinsection belonging to long residual type during beehive moves into first 3 days of facility and pollination
Agent.
Beehive palpus horizontal positioned in described immigration facility, it is to avoid vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive
Southeastward.
Described honeybee, bumblebee beehive are each configured with 0.6 kilogram, the syrup of 0.5 kilogram.
Described when laying honeybee beehive, start to feed syrup, full-bloom stage is further continued for feeding after interrupting syrup, full-bloom stage;Institute
Stating when laying bumblebee beehive, get out the syrup fed, period need not add.
Described honeybee beehive changes a syrup in 3 days.
On the premise of using price quite according to beehive, it is combined as: bumblebee and bumblebee, honeybee and honeybee, honeybee and bumblebee,
Relatively its Pollination Effect.
(1) visit is taken time and temperature
Table 1 below and the pollination of table 2 respectively bumblebee and honeybee pollination are taken time and temperature of shed in the visit that starts of fine day and cloudy day:
Under the conditions of table 1 fine day, bumblebee and honeybee are visited and take time and temperature of shed
Under the conditions of table 2 cloudy day, bumblebee and honeybee are visited and take time and temperature of shed
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, at fine day or cloudy day, bumblebee will go out nest early than honeybee, and during the cloudy day, honeybee goes out nest
Time more late, and when going out nest honeybee require temperature be also higher than bumblebee;The pollination end time, bumblebee goes back to the nest the time
Honeybee to be later than.Totally can be seen that bumblebee is come out early and return late in visit flower pollination, temperature of shed is required to be not the highest.
(2) flower efficiency is visited
Bumblebee pollination visits flower efficiency with honeybee pollination in the pollination that fine day is different with the cloudy day, as shown in table 3 below and table 4.
Under the conditions of table 3 fine day, bumblebee and honeybee visit flower efficiency
Under the conditions of table 4 cloudy day, bumblebee and honeybee visit flower efficiency
Process | Follow the tracks of and visit flower quantity (piece) | Visit Hua total used time (min) | Unit interval visit flower amount (piece/min) |
Bumblebee | 311.00 | 46.60 | 6.70 |
Honeybee | 307.33 | 66.43 | 4.63 |
Find out that by table 3 and table 4 result the visit flower pollination efficiency of bumblebee, at fine day or cloudy day, will be higher than honeybee.
(3) maturity period and yield
Bumblebee pollination and honeybee pollination yield within maturity period and facility, as shown in table 5 below and table 6.
The table 5 various Pollination Modes fruit maturation phase
The winter warm type canopy maturity period (moon/day) | Spring warms up the formula canopy maturity period (moon/day) | |
Bumblebee and bumblebee | 4.26 | 6.4 |
Honeybee and honeybee | 4.22 | 6.1 |
Bumblebee and honeybee | 4.18 | 5.28 |
Yield in table 6 various Pollination Modes facility
Winter warm type canopy yield (kg) | Spring warms up formula canopy yield (kg) | |
Bumblebee and bumblebee | 661.3a | 692.3a |
Honeybee and honeybee | 675a | 696.6a |
Bumblebee and honeybee | 694.3b | 711.3b |
As can be seen from Table 5, no matter these 3 kinds of Pollination Modes combine winter warm type big shack and spring warm type big shack, bumblebee and honeybee
The combination maturity period early than other two kinds pollination combinations, and will combine 8 days, especially in the winter early than bumblebee and bumblebee
Warm type big shack, in short supply in the early stage market demand, blueberry price is the highest, so maturation benefit earlier is more than ripe evening.From
Table 6 is it can be seen that no matter this 3 kinds of Pollination Modes combinations produce in winter warm type big shack and spring warm type big shack, bumblebee and honeybee combination
Amount will be significantly higher than other two kinds pollinations combination (utilizing DAS SPSS17.0 to analyze).
Although the above-mentioned detailed description of the invention to the present invention is described, but not limiting the scope of the invention, institute
Belonging to skilled person and should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not pay wound
The property the made various amendments that can make of work or deformation are still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a pollinating method for facility blueberry, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before putting beehive
For ensureing Pollination Effect, before putting honeybee, at ventilating opening, place anti-honeybee net in cold canopy or brooder facility, check anti-honeybee
The tightness of net, it is necessary to without leak, seamless, prevent honeybee from flying out;
2) beehive standing time
Start to place beehive when blueberry fruitful branch is shown in colored, utilize honeybee and bumblebee pollination, honeybee and bumblebee case number ratio be 1~
2;The honeybee moved in facility is determined according to the standard of every 400~800 square metres of one honeybee beehives of configuration and a bumblebee beehive
Box number;
Temperature in described facility controls at 5~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 30%~80%, comprises 3~5 in a bee box
Open honeybee spleen and 2000~5000 honeybees, a bumblebee case comprises 1~3 honeybee spleen and 100~300 bumblebees;
3) beehive riding position and height
In brooder and cold canopy, bumblebee and honeybee are all put into its position, face, middle ridge, and honeybee beehive is directly placed at ground;Bumblebee
Beehive distance ground 0.2~0.8 meter, and above it, at 0.1~0.5 meter, solar protection devices is set;
4) described honeybee and the bumblebee pollination time in facility controlled at 15~35 days;
After pollination time terminates and honeybee, bumblebee return nest, close beehive nest door, and beehive is withdrawn from from facility;Wherein,
Forbid in facility, use medicament and the internal-suction type desinsection belonging to long residual type during beehive moves into first 3 days of facility and pollination
Agent.
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1) in brooder anti-
Honeybee net leaks informaton at mouth at its top, and the anti-honeybee net of cold canopy leaks informaton at its waist seam at mouth.
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) in move into set
Execute interior beehive palpus horizontal positioned, it is to avoid vibrations, can not tiltedly put or be inverted, and the nest shop front of beehive is southeastward.
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described honeybee, bumblebee beehive
It is each configured with 0.3~1 kilogram, the syrup of 0.2~0.8 kilogram.
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in when laying honeybee beehive,
Starting to feed syrup, full-bloom stage is further continued for feeding after interrupting syrup, full-bloom stage.
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in when laying bumblebee beehive,
Getting out the syrup fed, period need not add.
The pollinating method of a kind of facility blueberry the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described honeybee beehive 2~5 days are more
Change a syrup.
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CN105409519A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 贵州省现代农业发展研究所 | Method for enhancing and improving yield and quality of vaccnium uliginosum by pollination |
CN107980727A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of the special blueberry honey of high-end cigarette |
CN109220900A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽省王巢食品有限公司 | A method of first-class honey is acquired using worker bee food intake |
WO2020041932A1 (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 陈念枢 | Method for adjusting time that bees are outside hive to be synchronous with flowering phase of fructus amomi, and cultivation method for fructus amomi |
CN110537487A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州省生物研究所 | pollination method for improving yield of blueberries |
CN112167053A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 青岛市畜牧兽医研究所(青岛市畜牧工作站) | Method for pollinating greenhouse blueberries by combining bumblebees and bees |
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