CN103081738A - Method of regulating and inducing sugar cane innovation parent to meet natural flower flowering phase - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of regulating and inducing sugar cane innovation parent to meet natural flower flowering phase is characterized by comprising inducing starting time, photoperiodic induction and regulation, and temperature and humidity control. The method of regulating and inducing sugar cane innovation parent to meet natural flower flowering phase solves the problem that inducing parent cannot meet the natural flower parent flowering phase, and pollen development rate is low or even without the pollen. Hybrid flowers yield and the quality increase year by year and large-scale production of continental sugarcane hybrid flowers is realized.

Description

Regulation and control sugarcane innovation parent induces the method with the flowering naturally flower synchronization

Technical field

The present invention relates to the production of sugarcane hybridization flower fringe, a kind ofly specifically regulate and control sugarcane innovation parent and induce method with the flowering naturally flower synchronization.

Background technology

Sugarcane florescence, pollen normal development are the basic assurances of sugarcane sexual hybridization breeding.The sugarcane floral bud differentiation needs the light application time of 12.5h/d left and right, 23 ℃ of left and right optimum temperature at night, 28 ℃ of left and right optimum day temperature, the optimum temperature 25-28 of pollen development ℃, the low temperature below 18 ℃ and the high temperature more than 31 ℃ will produce very injurious effects to sugarcane floral bud differentiation, pollen development.Therefore, sugarcane generally could flowering naturally in the area of latitude lower (8-10 °).be located in north latitude 24 ° 01 ', 20.1 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, 27.5 ℃ of the highest monthly mean temperatures, the Yunnan Guanyuan Ruili of 15.5 ℃ of minimum monthly mean temperatures is that a few sugar cane breed of China one of can free flowering area, but become illumination period 25-10 in September month 5 in drawing of Ruili hinterland sugarcane floral bud differentiation, only about 10 days, sugarcane natural opening November at florescence-January and Ruili winter low temperature phase are stacked, the Ruili monthly mean temperature is successively: 17.4 ℃, 13.4 ℃ and 16.2 ℃, can not satisfy the temperature needs of spontaneum pollen normal development, given the sugarcane floral bud differentiation for the sugarcane hybridization flower fringe production of Ruili and draw that to become illumination period short, winter low temperature affects the inland-type feature of pollen development.That is to say, the Ruili has good flowering naturally condition on the one hand, take full advantage of greatly to reduce sugarcane hybridization flower fringe production cost, but flowering naturally parent pollen agensis or developmental rate is low, are difficult to do male parent; Artificial induction's Sugarcane Breeding is bloomed on the other hand, promote pollen development, can obtain good crossbreeding effect, but parent's florescence of induced flowering must with flowering naturally parent's flower synchronization, just can reach and both reduce hybridization flower fringe production cost, can improve again the purpose of hybridization flower fringe production efficiency, the problem that parent's florescence of present induced flowering and natural opening florescence meet, become the bottleneck problem that Yunnan Guanyuan inland-type hybridization flower fringe is produced, sugarcane hybridization Commonly used parents meets with the Yunnan Guanyuan winter low temperature with innovation parent's natural opening florescence, will affect pollen development.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is for deficiency of the prior art, find the innovation parent to induce the optimal light cycle induction scheme that meets with the natural opening florescence, provide a kind of Yunnan land plateau regulation and control sugarcane innovation parent to induce method with the flowering naturally flower synchronization, induce sugarcane innovation parent bloom, guarantee pollen development and with flowering naturally parent flower synchronization, solve the bottleneck problem that Yunnan Guanyuan inland-type hybridization flower fringe is produced, improved inland-type hybridization flower fringe production quantity and quality.

The present invention is achieved by following technical proposals: a kind ofly regulate and control sugarcane innovation parent and induce method with the flowering naturally flower synchronization, comprise and induce zero-time, photoperiodic induction regulation and control and Temperature and Humidity Control:

Induce initial time: June, 15～June 30 began to induce then;

Photoperiodic induction regulation and control: first fixed-illumination time 12h20m/d processed 100-120 days, and the illumination 60s/d that then successively decreases fixes to light application time 12h/d, until booting;

Temperature and Humidity Control: night induction period, temperature was 21～25 ℃, 26～31 ℃ of day temperature, humidity 60～70%.

As preferred version of the present invention:

The described initial time of inducing is June 20

Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention has following advantage and effect:

Photoperiodic induction effect: first fixed-illumination 12h20m, process 100 ~ 120d, then light 60s/ day to the 12h light application time of successively decreasing is fixed, until booting, under this photoperiodic induction is processed, 2006 to 2010, utilize photoperiodic induction to process different parents totally 461 (inferior) between 4 years, induce 408 (inferior) parent heading to bloom, on average heading rate reaches 89%.

Induce zero-time: this research and design April 20, May 20, June 20, three zero-times began to process the parent, the 2009-2010 repetition test, result shows: June 20 began to process the parent, florescence and free flowering parent coincide, and are than the better suited processing starting of inducing.Adopted June 30 for inducing zero-time, preparation yielding ability hybrid combination 343 fringes, innovative colored fringe 28 fringes in 2009; Adopted June 20 for inducing zero-time in 2010, preparation type of production hybrid combination 681 fringes have been obtained good hybridization flower fringe production effect.

The invention solves and induce parent and flowering naturally parent flowering asynchronism, pollen development rate low, even without the problem of pollen, hybridization flower fringe output and quality improve year by year, have realized the large-scale production of inland-type sugarcane hybridization flower fringe; With compare before 2006 use the photoperiodic induction regulation florescence, hybridization flower fringe efficient from initial less than 50%, rise to 70～80%, output rises to more than 800 fringes from more than 200 fringes, seedling quantity is increased to nearly 650,000 seedlings of 2010 from 1-3 ten thousand seedlings.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Test is carried out in base, breeding station, academy of agricultural sciences, Yunnan Province sugarcane research institute Ruili, and the test region is located in north latitude 24 ° 01 ', 20.1 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, 27.5 ℃ of the highest monthly mean temperatures, 15.5 ℃ of minimum monthly mean temperatures, annual rainfall 1340mm.

Zero-time, screening photoperiodic induction preferred plan, induction period Temperature and Humidity Control scheme is induced in test design respectively.

Process 1 and induce the zero-time screening: this research and design April 20, May 20, June 20, three zero-times began to process the parent, result shows: same parent's photoperiodic induction processing starting early, the parent is eared flowering time just early, the photoperiodic induction processing starting is more late, and parent's flowering time of earing is also more late.Begin to induce general April 20 and process the parent, the parent is eared the earliest, and to bloom be at the end of 8 months, and a large amount of parents' heading were bloomed in September to November; May 20 began to process the parent, the parent is eared the earliest to bloom and is late September, and a large amount of parents' heading were bloomed at the beginning of October to 12 month; June 20 began to process the parent, heading is the earliest bloomed at the beginning of 10 months by the end of September, most parents are eared successively from beginning by the end of October, florescence is extended to 1～February of next year, therefore begin to induce the processing parent about June 20, florescence and free flowering parent coincide, and are than the better suited processing starting of inducing.

Process 2 temperature to the impact of photoperiodic induction effect: this research is being carried out photoperiodic induction when processing, and the shadow of the 31 above high temperature of degree on destructive daytime is avoided or alleviated in spray humidification cooling on daytime, keeps simultaneously 60～70% humidity.owing to carrying out inducing summer, from May to October, temperature is higher, the temperature of induction room substantially exceeds best temperature 22.5 degree, more than having reached 25 degree, be the dark phase temperature of reduce, the temperature in dark early stage phase particularly, it is front to processing parent's spray humidification that research has taked to enter photoperiod chamber light filling, induction room floor water irrigates, treat that environment grows dark, when the parent is in the dark phase, the gate rises and the method such as opens and reduce the temperature of dark phase when inducing, before treating that environment begins to brighten, when inducing, gate decline is shut, induce the parent also to be in the dark phase this moment, remain that induction room temperature is between the 21-25 degree, the induced flowering successful.

Process under 3 screening Ruili conditions optimal light and induce processing scheme: began from 2006 to 2010 four induce season, altogether to 517 parts of (inferior) materials, first fixed-illumination 12h20m, process 100～120d, then light 60s/ day to the 12h light application time of successively decreasing is fixed, until booting, under this photoperiodic induction is processed, most parents' heading of processing effect of blooming is better, and the parent is invalid to only a few.

The analysis of experiments result shows: begin to induce about June 20 and process the parent, florescence and free flowering parent coincide, and are than the better suited processing starting of inducing; First fixing 12h20m light treatment 120 days, then successively decreased light 60s/ days is fixed to booting to 12h illumination; Temperature 21-25 ℃ of night, warm 26-31 ℃ of day, humidity 60～70%.Such combination is to induce Commonly used parents and innovation parent flower synchronization, reduces inland-type sugarcane hybridization flower fringe production cost, improves the best approach of hybridization flower fringe production quantity and quality.

Claims (2)

1. one kind regulates and controls sugarcane innovation parent and induces method with the flowering naturally flower synchronization, it is characterized in that, comprises and induces zero-time, photoperiodic induction regulation and control and Temperature and Humidity Control:

Induce initial time: June, 15～June 30 began to induce then;

Photoperiodic induction regulation and control: first fixed-illumination time 12h20m/d processed 100～120 days, and the illumination 60s/d that then successively decreases fixes to light application time 12h/d, until booting;

Temperature and Humidity Control: night induction period, temperature was 21～25 ℃, 26～31 ℃ of day temperature, humidity 60～70%.

2. regulation and control according to claim 1 sugarcane innovation parent induces the method with the flowering naturally flower synchronization, it is characterized in that, the described initial time of inducing is June 20.