CN104025125A - 射频识别标签 - Google Patents

射频识别标签 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104025125A
CN104025125A CN201280064606.0A CN201280064606A CN104025125A CN 104025125 A CN104025125 A CN 104025125A CN 201280064606 A CN201280064606 A CN 201280064606A CN 104025125 A CN104025125 A CN 104025125A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
label
antenna
product
interrogator
sensing system
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Granted
Application number
CN201280064606.0A
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English (en)
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CN104025125B (zh
Inventor
G·E·斯特里莫
M·阿曼
J·L·乔伊斯
F·F·舍曼
J·T·伯里科夫
M·W·莫罗
J·T·V·德卡斯特罗
S·J·A·梅施卡特
M·弗兰克
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Gillette Co LLC
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Gillette Co LLC
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Publication of CN104025125A publication Critical patent/CN104025125A/zh
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Publication of CN104025125B publication Critical patent/CN104025125B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D9/00—Recording measured values
    • G01D9/005—Solid-state data loggers
    • G01D9/007—Data loggers attached to transport containers for perishable products, e.g. food or medicines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
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    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D11/30—Supports specially adapted for an instrument; Supports specially adapted for a set of instruments
    • G01D11/305—Panel mounting of instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
    • G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01K3/02—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values
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    • G01N33/48785—Electrical and electronic details of measuring devices for physical analysis of liquid biological material not specific to a particular test method, e.g. user interface or power supply
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    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
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    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
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    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

一种传感器***(1000)包括标签(100)。标签包括具有存储器元件的至少一个射频芯片(130)，设置成与芯片的输出端子电连通的天线(140)和设置在标签表面上的非导电涂层(115)。非导电涂层覆盖所述芯片并限定周边。周边设置在天线之上并暴露天线。

Description

射频识别标签
技术领域
本发明涉及用于确定关于产品的信息的***和方法。本发明尤其涉及对产品信息的远程咨询和所获信息的后续使用。
背景技术
具有按物品的消耗量限定的使用寿命的消费品是人们所熟知的。使用寿命可被看作是与物品的有效量的至少一部分的消耗相关联的一个或多个事件。可存在与物品的使用环境和/或使用过的物品和剩余可用物品的数量相关联的信息，但所述信息一般来讲也可能是典型的物品消费者所不可触及的。需要一种用于以如下方式来提取产品相关信息的***和方法，所述方式使得所述信息易于被消费者触及和使用。
发明内容
在一个方面，一种传感器***包括标签。标签包括至少一个射频芯片、设置成与芯片电连通的第一天线和设置在标签表面上的非导电涂层。芯片包括存储器元件和输出端子，所述存储器元件提供二进制编码的包括至少一个位的词的电存储。天线与输出端子电连通。所述非导电涂层覆盖所述芯片并限定周边。周边设置成覆盖并暴露天线的一部分。
在一个方面，一种确定产品信息的方法包括以下步骤：提供包括标签的产品和适于检测与标签的数据相关联的辐射的询问器；询问标签的状态；解释标签的状态；以及提供与标签的所解释状态相关联的输出。标签包括用于存储与产品相关联的数据的数字存储器。
附图说明
通过参见附图，本发明的另外的特征和有益效果将变得更加显而易见。
图1示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
图2示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
图3示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
定义：
下文阐述本发明众多不同实施例的广泛说明。本说明应被视为仅是示例性说明，并且未述及每一个可能的实施例，因为描述每一个可能的实施例即便是可能的话，也是不切实际的，并且应当理解，本文所述的任何特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法均可被删掉、整个或部分地与本文所述的任何其它特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法相组合或用后者取代。可使用当前技术或在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术来实施众多可供选择的实施例，所述在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术将仍然属于本权利要求的范围。
还应当理解，除非一个术语在本专利中使用句子“如本文所用，术语‘______’被定义为是指…”或一个类似的句子明确定义，否则并不意图将该术语的含义明确或隐含地限制超出其平常的或普通的含义，并且此类术语不应当被解释为被限制在基于本专利的任一部分中所作出的任何语句(除了权利要求书的语言之外)的范围之内。没有任何术语对本发明而言是必不可少的，除非这样规定。当在本专利中以符合单一意义的方式来提及本专利最后的权利要求书中叙述的任一术语时，只是为了清晰起见以便不使读者感到困惑，并非旨在隐含地或换句话讲将这种权利要求术语限制为该单一的含义。最后，除非权利要求要素是通过描述措辞“装置”和功能而没有描述任何结构来定义的，否则并不是意图基于35U.S.C.§112第六款的运用来解释任一权利要求要素的范围。
在一个方面，一种传感器***包括标签。标签可包括印刷在基板上的一个或多个导电油墨层。示例性基板材料包括：聚酯、纸材、高介电常数的介电材料和FR-4材料。多个层结构还可包括隔开导电层的至少部分的局部非导电材料层。示例性导电层包括铜墨和银墨。标签包括射频芯片和被设置为卡、硬币、或嵌体上的电路的第一天线。芯片可为有源芯片或无源芯片。示例性芯片/第一天线组合包括以下型号：RI-I03-112A-03(13.56MHz)、和RI-INL-R9QM(134.2kHz)、或型号TRF7970A，它们各自购自Texas Instruments(Dallas，TX)。天线可呈线圈或偶极的物理形式。芯片/第一天线组合可整合进购自Kovio(San Jose，CA)的单元标签中。
标签还包括外非导电涂层。示例性非导电涂层材料包括聚丙烯、聚乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。涂层设置在标签表面上使得标签的一部分为未涂覆的并暴露于标签的环境。未涂覆区域由非导电涂层的周边限定。标签的暴露部分可包括天线的一部分多达并包括天线的全部。
在一个实施例中，芯片和天线的电路构型包括间隙使得电路为未完成的。在该实施例，所述间隙保持暴露于环境而不是被非导电涂层保护起来。标签的电路可通过如下方式来完成：使标签暴露于导电环境使得导电材料横跨所述间隙提供必要的电导率。导电环境包括导电凝胶、粉末或液体，其中所述间隙被所述导电物质桥联。尿液、血液和盐水均为导电的。构成电解质的凝胶或粉末也将构成导电材料。
可使用射频协议诸如近场通信(NFC)协议来读取标签。当标签被询问或读取时，向标签电路供电。标签的存储器随后由询问器读取。
传感器***还可包括询问器。询问器包括电源和第二天线，所述第二天线适于产生包括第一天线的谐振频率的电磁辐射；和接收器，所述接收器适于检测电磁辐射并解调所检测到的辐射，从而从所检测到的辐射提取嵌入的数据。购自GAO RFID(Toronto Canada)的型号为223012的BluetoothTM RFID阅读器举例说明了一种形式的询问器。型号为223012的询问器能够询问射频标签并确定标签的存储器的状态，并且因此提取相关于标签环境的一个或多个传感器的输出相关联的信息。所述223012还包括辅助网络通信链路，所述链路利用了用于将从标签提取的信息传送至辅助装置或辅助询问器诸如BluetoothTM启用的计算机或智能手机的BluetoothTM通信协议。所述辅助询问器还可分析关于标签的状态和/或标签环境的信息并且提供与特定标签和/或标签环境状态相关联的输出。询问器还可包括显示元件，诸如用于显示与所分析的标签信息相关联的输出的LCD或LED屏。询问器还可包括用于探知与询问器的环境相关联的信息的一个或多个传感器。传感器可包括：温度传感器、湿度传感器、加速度传感器。询问器还可包括一个或多个照相机，所述照相机使得能够捕获与产品、标签或环境相关联的图像。询问器可包括全球定位能力，使得询问器能够探知并共享关于询问器的地理位置的信息。
在一个方面，智能手机可用作所述仅有的询问器。在该方面，智能手机可询问标签，从而从标签的存储器探知所述信息。询问器可分析或换句话讲解释所述信息并且可产生输出。所述输出可经由听觉输出、视觉输出、触觉输出或它们的组合提供给***的使用者。在产生所述输出的过程中，除了标签信息以外，询问器还可利用出自智能手机的传感器或***的输入。被适宜地配置成用作***询问器的示例性智能手机包括：AcerTME320Liquid Express、BlackberryTMBoldTM970，购自Research In Motion；Casio IT-800；Google Nexus7TM，购自Google，Inc.Mountain View Ca.；HTC Desire CTM，购自HTC；LG Optimus Elite；Motorola DroidTM RazrTM，购自Motorola；Nokia700；Panasonic BizPadTM；和Samsung Galaxy SAdvanceTM。
在一个方面，传感器***可包括产品。术语“一种或多种产品”最广义地使用，并且是指任何产品、产品组、服务、通信、娱乐、环境、组织、***、工具等等。例如，产品组的一个例子为个人产品和家用产品，诸如由个人、家庭使用的产品。个人产品和家用产品组内的产品类别的代表性且非限制性列表的例子包括止汗剂、婴儿护理品、古龙香水、商业产品(包括定向于消费者的消费品的批发的工业和商业市场模拟物)、化妆品、除臭剂、盘碟护理品、女性防护品、毛发护理品、毛发着色剂、保健品、家用清洁剂、衣物洗涤剂、口腔护理品、纸产品、个人清洁剂、一次性吸收制品、宠物健康和营养品、处方药品、名牌芳香剂、护肤品、食品、小吃和饮料、特殊织物护理品、剃刮和其它毛发生长管理产品、小器具、装置和电池、服务诸如理发、美容、矿泉疗法、内科、牙科、眼科服务、娱乐地点诸如剧院、体育馆、以及娱乐服务诸如电影或影视剧、戏剧和运动事件。多种产品形式可落入这些产品类别中的每个内。
示例性产品形式和品牌描述于The Procter&Gamble Company的网站www.pg.com、以及其上可见的链接网址。应当理解本发明还可以想到为产品类别的一部分但不是上文所列那些的消费品，并且本发明还涵盖不是上文指定网站上公开的那些的可供选择的产品形式和品牌。
衣物洗涤类别内的示例性产品包括洗涤剂(包括粉末、液体、片剂和其它形式)、漂白剂、调理剂、软化剂和防静电产品，以及清新剂(包括液体清新剂和烘干机纸)。口腔护理类别内的示例性产品包括牙粉、牙线、牙刷(包括手动和电动形式)、口腔清洗剂、齿龈护理品、牙齿美白产品和其它牙齿护理品。示例性女性防护品包括衬垫、棉塞、***间产品和卫生护垫。示例性婴儿护理品包括尿布、擦拭物、婴儿围兜、婴儿更换物和床垫、以及发泡的浴室洗手皂。
示例性保健产品包括泻药、纤维补充剂、口腔和局麻剂、肠胃处理产品、呼吸和咳嗽/感冒产品、热递送产品和水净化产品。示例性纸产品包括卫生纸、纸巾和面巾纸。示例性毛发护理品包括洗发剂、调理剂(包括洗去型和保留型)和定型助剂。示例性家用护理品包括清扫产品、地板清洁产品、木地板清洁剂、抗菌地板清洁剂、织物和空气清新剂，以及车辆洗涤产品。护肤品包括但不限于沐浴剂、面部清洁剂、洗手液、保湿剂、调理剂、收敛剂、剥落产品、微擦皮和剥离产品、嫩肤产品、抗衰老产品、面膜、紫外线防护产品、和护肤品泡夫、擦拭物、饼、衣服、薄片、工具和装置(具有或不具有护肤品组合物)。
其它产品组包括但不限于：运动器材、娱乐类(书籍、电影、音乐等)、视觉类、以及家用医疗和急救用品，等等。
标签可附接到产品的封装，诸如液体产品或颗粒状产品的初级封装。标签可浸入到封装的液体或颗粒状产品中或浮置在所述产品的表面上。标签可结合在产品内，诸如结合在一次性吸收制品内，诸如结合在尿布内，目的是检测对尿布的吸收芯的侵害。标签可设置在产品自身的表面上。
据信使标签的天线适形于产品外表面的形状产生如下***，其中询问器和标签之间的连通可为全向的或可按询问器和标签之间的多种角度实现。
当通信设备被用在导电体上时，出现了与创制用于各种产品的通信设备相关联的这些问题之一。自由空间的无线电波的传播原理在高度导电的导电体附近不适用。另外，当天线靠近金属放置时，天线性能被严重劣化。因此，只是将RFID标签放置在电池上或放置在带有导电体的物体上可能不能实现所期望的效应，例如数据传送。值得注意的是，该问题不限于可再充电/一次性电池。例如，一罐剃刮凝胶、泡沫等、或包括金属化膜的包装件可由于容器的导电性而经历相同的问题。一般来讲，紧靠金属体的RFID标签以10x减小阅读器和标签之间的信号耦合。
一种防止这种起因于金属与天线的邻近性的效应的方法是防止电磁场进入到所述金属中。例如，通过在天线和金属表面之间放置具有合适的电磁特性5和尺寸的材料，可使产品的金属体/导电体周围的电磁场转向。转向器材料的特性取决于所用的确切金属和RFID频率。磁转向器有效地隔离标签与所述罐。
在一个方面，一种确定产品信息的方法包括以下步骤：提供包括如上所述标签的产品。标签包括至少一个传感器，所述传感器适于提供模拟传感器的环境变化的输出。传感器具有至少一个输出端子。标签也包括射频芯片，所述射频芯片包括存储器元件、输入端子和输出端子，以及第一天线，所述第一天线设置成与芯片的输出端子电连通。
该方法也包括提供询问器，所述询问器适于检测与标签的数据相关联的辐射。询问器可为耦合有如上所述BluetoothTM能力的RF或NFC协议阅读器、或智能手机或包括RF(可能地NFC)能力的阅读器的其它计算设备。
询问器可通过利用RF通信协议诸如NFC协议来确定标签的当前状态。询问器可使用为所述目的而编写的软件应用程序来解释从标签接收的数据。
在一个方面，该方法可最小化以提供包括标签的产品，并且提供与市场上可得的或消费者所拥有的装置相容的软件。消费者可选择利用如下应用软件，所述软件将使得他们的装置能够用作所述询问器。
在一个实施例中，标签可用来传达包装件内剩余的产品量。在该实施例中，标签可被构造成暴露天线的一部分，使得对导电产品的暴露将使标签短路，从而使得其不起作用，直到标签的暴露部分由于产品含量相对于标签的下降而不含产品。作为另外一种选择，标签可被构造成使得非导电涂层的周边暴露电路中的间隙。在该实施例中，标签将是可读的，只要所述间隙由于存在导电产品而被桥联；并且在不存在产品时将不是可读的。
在一个实施例中，偶极子天线可涂覆有非导电聚合物。所述涂层可包括一系列间隙从而使天线引线暴露于标签的环境。在该实施例中，标签天线的导电性将随着更多或更少间隙被导电流体所覆盖而改变。所述导电性变化可为预定的，并且所述询问的目的可为探知天线导电性的当前状态以作为流体接触的指示器–即相对于标签/天线的含量。
吸收制品可包括标签，使得当产品/标签由于使用而被侵害并且标签电路的暴露部分已接触到导电流体诸如血液或尿液时，询问器将仅接收输出。作为另外一种选择，产品标签可被构造成向询问器提供输出，直到产品已被使用/侵害并且标签已由于所述暴露而被短路。
在一个实施例中，标签可包括上述两种构型的组合。在该实施例中，第一芯片将仅在不存在产品时为可读的，而第二芯片将仅在产品存在时为可读的。该实施例提供如下有益效果：无论产品数量的状态如何，总是向询问器提供输出。
可在尿布或其它吸收产品内包括具有上述双读构型的标签。在该例子中，标签在侵害状态和非侵害状态时均向询问器提供输出。使用者将接收有关产品状态的信息，并且将在如下方面不留有疑问：产品状态是否已改变或标签是否存在问题。
在一个方面，询问器可包含辅助网络通信模块从而提供用以通过蜂窝电话或其它网络(包括局域网或wifi网)发送和接收数据的装置和能力。在这一方面，询问器可传送从标签接收的数据和/或对源自标签的数据的分析。询问器的软件应用程序可分析得自标签的数据以确定是否需要补给与标签相关联的产品，或根据经由一系列对标签的询问建立的产品使用历史来预测何时将需要进行此类补给。在该方面，该应用可用来完成经由网络购买更多的产品。该应用还可用来向使用者提供相关的产品以便购买，或提供不直接与该产品相关的其它产品。
如图1所示，***1000包括吸收制品300和询问器200。吸收制品300包括标签100。标签100包括芯片130、非导电涂层115和天线140。询问器200包括传感器210、电源220、天线230、分析元件240、显示元件250和网络链路260。如图2所示，便携式电源400包括标签100和屏蔽物150。如图3所示，包装件500包括标签100。
本文所公开的量纲和值不可理解为严格限于所引用的精确值。相反，除非另外指明每个这样的量纲旨在表示所列举的值以及围绕那个值功能上等价的范围两者。例如，公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
本文引用的每一文件，包括任何交叉引用的或相关的专利或专利申请，均特此以其全文引入本文，除非明文予以排除或以其他方式受限。任何文件的引用并非是对其相对于本发明所公开的任何发明或受权利要求书保护的本文，或其单独，或以与任何其它参照或参考文献、教导、建议或公开的任何此类发明的任何组合的现有技术的认可。此外，当本文献中术语的任何含义或定义与引入本文以供参考的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义冲突时，将以赋予本文献中那个术语的含义或定义为准。
尽管已用特定实施例举例说明和描述了本发明，但对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是，在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可做出许多其它改变和变型。因此，随附权利要求书旨在涵盖本发明范围内的所有这些改变和变型。

Claims (15)

1.一种包括标签的传感器***，所述标签包括：
a.至少一个射频芯片，所述至少一个射频芯片包括存储器元件和输出端子，所述存储器元件包括二进制编码的包括至少一个位的词的电存储；
b.第一天线，所述第一天线设置成与所述芯片的输出端子电连通；
c.设置在所述标签的表面上的非导电涂层，所述涂层覆盖所述芯片并限定周边，所述周边设置在所述天线之上并暴露所述天线的一部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，还包括询问器，所述询问器包括电源和第二天线以及接收器，所述第二天线适于产生包括所述第一天线的谐振频率的电磁辐射，并且所述接收器适于检测电磁辐射并解调所检测到的辐射，从而从所检测到的辐射提取嵌入的数据。
3.根据权利要求2所述的传感器***，其中所述询问器还包括：适于解释所提取的嵌入的数据的分析元件和适于显示所述解释的结果的显示元件。
4.根据权利要求2所述的传感器***，其中所述询问器包括网络通信链路。
5.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，还包括产品，其中所述标签构成产品的一部分。
6.根据权利要求5所述的传感器***，其中所述产品包括一次性吸收制品。
7.根据权利要求5所述的传感器***，其中所述产品包括便携式电源。
8.根据权利要求5所述的传感器***，还包括设置在所述天线和产品之间的电屏蔽物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，其中所暴露的天线部分包括连接至所述芯片的天线引线。
10.根据权利要求1所述的***，其中所述天线的暴露部分包括所述天线的线圈中的非导电间隙。
11.根据权利要求1所述的***，其中所述标签包括无源射频芯片。
12.一种确定产品信息的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
a.提供包括标签的产品，所述标签包括部分地暴露的天线；
b.提供询问器，所述询问器适于检测与所述标签的环境状态相关联的辐射；
c.相对于所暴露的天线部分的环境来改变所述标签的环境状态；
d.在所述天线的暴露部分的环境已被改变之后，询问所述标签的状态；
e.解释所述标签的状态；
f.提供与所述标签的所解释状态相关联的输出。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中提供询问器的步骤还包括提供包括网络通信链路的询问器，所述方法还包括通过网络来共享与所述标签的状态相关联的数据的步骤。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，还包括通过所述网络从所述询问器传感器共享数据的步骤。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，还包括利用所述网络购买所述产品单元的步骤。
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