CN104011748A - 用于提供产品信息的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于提供产品信息的设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104011748A
CN104011748A CN201280064616.4A CN201280064616A CN104011748A CN 104011748 A CN104011748 A CN 104011748A CN 201280064616 A CN201280064616 A CN 201280064616A CN 104011748 A CN104011748 A CN 104011748A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
label
product
interrogator
antenna
sensing system
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201280064616.4A
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English (en)
Inventor
G·E·斯特里莫
M·阿曼
J·L·乔伊斯
F·F·舍曼
J·T·伯里科夫
M·W·莫罗
J·T·V·德卡斯特罗
S·J·A·梅施卡特
M·弗兰克
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Gillette Co LLC
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Gillette Co LLC
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Publication date
Application filed by Gillette Co LLC filed Critical Gillette Co LLC
Publication of CN104011748A publication Critical patent/CN104011748A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D9/00—Recording measured values
    • G01D9/005—Solid-state data loggers
    • G01D9/007—Data loggers attached to transport containers for perishable products, e.g. food or medicines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D11/30—Supports specially adapted for an instrument; Supports specially adapted for a set of instruments
    • G01D11/305—Panel mounting of instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
    • G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
    • G01K3/02—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values
    • G01K3/04—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values in respect of time
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/48785—Electrical and electronic details of measuring devices for physical analysis of liquid biological material not specific to a particular test method, e.g. user interface or power supply
    • G01N33/48792—Data management, e.g. communication with processing unit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
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    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
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    • G06K19/0716—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor
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    • G06K19/0717—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor the sensor being capable of sensing environmental conditions such as temperature history or pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
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    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
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    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773—Antenna details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
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    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • G01D1/00—Measuring arrangements giving results other than momentary value of variable, of general application
    • G01D1/14—Measuring arrangements giving results other than momentary value of variable, of general application giving a distribution function of a value, i.e. number of times the value comes within specified ranges of amplitude
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Abstract

一种传感器***包括标签。标签包括至少一个射频芯片和第一天线。芯片包括存储器元件和输出端子，存储器元件包括二进制编码的包括至少一个位的词的电存储。标签还包括至少一个导电聚合物体系，所述导电聚合物体系设置成与芯片的至少一个输出端子电连通并且适于与所述导电聚合物体系的环境的预定变化相关联地改变电状态。第一天线设置成与芯片的一个或多个输出端子和导电聚合物体系电连通。

Description

用于提供产品信息的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于确定关于产品的信息的***和方法。本发明尤其涉及对产品信息的远程咨询和所获信息的后续使用。
背景技术
具有按物品的消耗量限定的使用寿命的消费品是人们所熟知的。使用寿命可被看作是与物品的有效量的至少一部分的消耗相关联的一个或多个事件。可存在与物品的使用环境和/或使用过的物品和剩余可用物品的数量相关联的信息，但所述信息一般来讲也可能是典型的物品消费者所不可触及的。需要一种用于以如下方式来提取产品相关信息的***和方法，所述方式使得所述信息易于被消费者触及和使用。
发明内容
在一个方面，一种传感器***包括标签。标签包括至少一个射频芯片和第一天线。芯片可为有源芯片或无源芯片。芯片包括存储器元件和输出端子，存储器元件包括二进制编码的包括至少一个位的词的电存储。标签还包括至少一个导电聚合物体系，所述体系设置成与芯片的至少一个输出端子电连通并且适于与所述导电聚合物体系的环境的预定变化相关联地改变电状态。第一天线设置在电路中，所述电路也包括芯片和导电聚合物体系。
在一个方面，一种确定产品信息的方法包括以下步骤：提供包括标签的产品和适于检测与标签的数据相关联的辐射的询问器；询问标签的状态；解释标签的状态；以及提供与标签的所解释状态相关联的输出。标签包括用于存储与产品相关联的数据的数字存储器。
附图说明
通过参见附图，本发明的另外的特征和有益效果将变得更加显而易见。
图1示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
图2示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
图3示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
定义：
下文阐述本发明众多不同实施例的广泛说明。本说明应被视为仅是示例性说明，并且未述及每一个可能的实施例，因为描述每一个可能的实施例即便是可能的话，也是不切实际的，并且应当理解，本文所述的任何特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法均可被删掉、整个或部分地与本文所述的任何其它特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法相组合或用后者取代。可使用当前技术或在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术来实施众多可供选择的实施例，所述在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术将仍然属于本权利要求的范围。
还应当理解，除非一个术语在本专利中使用句子“如本文所用，术语‘______’被定义为是指…”或一个类似的句子明确定义，否则并不意图将该术语的含义明确或隐含地限制超出其平常的或普通的含义，并且此类术语不应当被解释为被限制在基于本专利的任一部分中所作出的任何语句(除了权利要求书的语言之外)的范围之内。没有任何术语对本发明而言是必不可少的，除非这样规定。当在本专利中以符合单一意义的方式来提及本专利最后的权利要求书中叙述的任一术语时，只是为了清晰起见以便不使读者感到困惑，并非旨在隐含地或换句话讲将这种权利要求术语限制为该单一的含义。最后，除非权利要求要素是通过描述措辞“装置”和功能而没有描述任何结构来定义的，否则并不是意图基于35U.S.C.§112第六款的运用来解释任一权利要求要素的范围。
在一个方面，一种传感器***包括标签。标签可包括印刷在基板上的导电油墨和非导电油墨的一个或多个层。示例性基板材料包括聚合物膜、纸材、高介电常数的介电材料和FR-4材料。多层结构还可包括非导电材料的局部层，所述局部层隔开导电层的至少部分。示例性导电层包括铜墨和银墨。标签包括至少一个射频芯片、被设置为卡、硬币、或嵌体上的电路的第一天线。示例性芯片/第一天线组合包括以下型号：RI-I03-112A-03(13.56MHz)、和RI-INL-R9QM(134.2kHz)、或型号TRF7970A，它们各自购自Texas Instruments(Dallas，TX)。天线可呈线圈或偶极的物理形式，或可包括与标签的其余部分电连通的产品或包装件的导电组件。芯片/第一天线组合可整合进购自Kovio(San Jose，CA)的单元标签中。标签还包括与芯片和天线电连通的导电聚合物体系。
所需的用于标签的电源可由RFID电路的收获能量提供，因为所需的电流在微安范围内。随后可利用诸如供标签使用的电容器之类的元件来存储所述收获功率。
传感器***也包括至少一个导电聚合物体系。导电聚合物可包括聚合物涂层，所述聚合物涂层被配置成使得所述涂层当或在其受到侵害或暴露于预定类型的环境变化之后停止导电。示例性环境变化包括：湿度改变、暴露于水分、暴露于特定化学品或化学性质诸如pH、环境温度的变化等。作为另外一种选择，聚合物体系可包括聚合物涂层，所述聚合物涂层当或在环境侵害之后变成导电的。导电聚合物体系可用来形成标签的电路的多个部分，所述多个部分包括输入和输出引线或天线或天线的一部分。
在一个实施例中，环境变化经由因环境变化引起的溶胀或收缩导致聚合物体系的尺度变化。
标签的电路布置方式可被配置成根据所用的聚合物体系的类型和电路元件的物理布置方式而提供与环境侵害关联的正反馈或负反馈。
在一个实施例中，电路被配置成在电路中具有间隙，使得在不存在附加元件的情况下电路将断开，因而任何询问标签的努力均将不从标签产生输出。在该实施例中，间隙可由聚合物体系覆盖，所述聚合物体系在受到侵害之前为导电的从而产生如下标签，所述标签当或在环境侵害发生之后将改变状态而从可读变成不可读(标签关闭，所认为的负反馈)。作为另外一种选择，间隙可涂覆有如下聚合物体系，其响应于环境变化而从非导电的变成导电的(标签变成可读的，对侵害的正反馈)。
在一个实施例中，标签可被配置成具有如下聚合物体系，所述聚合物体系被布置成使得所述侵害将改变标签的状态而从断开变成接通(使用从导电变成非导电的聚合物体系)，或从接通变成断开(使用当或在侵害发生之后从接通转变成断开的聚合物体系)。在该实施例中，聚合物体系可被设置为在电路两腿上的涂层，从而有效地将这两个腿短接在一起并且绕过电路的其余部分。例如，如果涂层设置成在从芯片至天线的两个引线上，则导电涂层将短接电路，使得在询问时，芯片将不接收功率并且询问器将不从标签接收输出。当或在侵害之后，涂层将从接通转变成断开从而消除电路中的短接并允许功率从天线传送至芯片从而产生可读标签。
在具有相似地设置的聚合物涂层但利用了当或在其受到侵害之后从非导电的转变成导电的聚合物的标签中，当或在受到侵害之后标签将(在侵害之前)从接通转变成断开的。
也有可能配置更精密的标签，其包括双芯片和双天线、或双芯片和单天线，其中当或在标签经受单一环境侵害之后，第一芯片-天线组合将从接通转变成断开，而第二芯片-天线组合将从断开转变成接通。为了减轻与制造这种标签***相关联的载荷，一个芯片天线对可包括间隙，而另一个芯片天线对包括在天线引线对上的涂层。在该构型中，相同的聚合物体系可同时设置在间隙和天线引线上以获得双状态可读标签而无论所选择的聚合物如何。
作为另外一种选择，双标签可包括相同的芯片对–天线组合并且可读状态的差值可通过如下方式来实现：用当或在被侵害之后从接通切换成断开的聚合物来涂覆一个芯片-天线组合，同时用当或在相同的侵害发生之后从断开切换成接通的聚合物来涂覆第二芯片-天线组合。
当或在其受到侵害之后从接通转变成断开的聚合物体系包括聚合物基质和导电填料。当或在侵害之后，聚合物能够膨胀至其未受侵害时的体积的约120％-140％，或更大。对于标签的有用的功能来讲，所述膨胀可不且无需为瞬时的。所述侵害必须持续足够长的时间以便聚合物体系通过吸收所述侵害的液体或湿度而产生反应，从而导致导电性的改变。
聚合物体系可包括水、Triton X-100、聚乙烯醇和银涂覆的铜薄片的溶液。所述溶液可施加到上述标签的多个部分上，并且放置在干燥剂腔室中以使标签上的涂层干燥。
聚合物体系可被配置成在存在水、湿度的情况下膨胀，或作为另外一种选择，在存在水的情况下保持稳定，而在环境中存在非水液体的情况下改变状态。
在一个方面，聚合物体系可包括三氯乙烯、聚乙烯共乙酸乙烯酯溶液和银涂覆的铜薄片。如上所述地将所述溶液设置在上述标签上并且干燥。
聚合物体系也可被配置成使得当或在侵害之后其将改变状态而从非导电的变成导电的。同样，所述改变可能不会且无需瞬时被使用。在该方面，聚合物体系可包括被设置为涂层的水、聚乙烯醇和氯化钠。虽然初始时为非导电的，但在暴露于湿度或水时，所述电解质变得可溶于溶胀的聚合物从而产生现在导电的涂层。
可使用射频协议诸如近场通信(NFC)协议来读取标签。当标签被询问或读取时，向标签电路供电。标签的存储器随后由询问器读取。
标签的相关通信频率范围可为HF、UHF或其它适当地选定的频率范围，所述范围根据预期的环境和标签的用途由对标签的具体要求来确定。
传感器***还可包括询问器。询问器包括电源和第二天线，所述第二天线适于产生包括第一天线的谐振频率的电磁辐射；和接收器，所述和接收器适于检测电磁辐射并解调所检测到的辐射，从而从所检测到的辐射提取嵌入的数据。购自GAO RFID(Toronto Canada)的型号为223012的BluetoothTMRFID阅读器举例说明了一种形式的询问器。型号为223012的询问器能够询问射频标签并确定标签的存储器的状态，并且因此提取与相关于标签环境的一个或多个传感器的输出相关联的信息。所述223012还包括辅助网络通信链路，所述链路利用用于将从标签提取的信息传送至辅助装置或辅助询问器诸如BluetoothTM启用的计算机或智能手机的BluetoothTM通信协议。所述辅助询问器还可分析关于标签的状态和/或标签环境的信息并且提供与特定标签和/或标签环境状态相关联的输出。询问器还可包括显示元件，诸如用于显示与所分析的标签信息相关联的输出的LCD或LED屏。询问器还可包括用于探知与询问器的环境相关联的信息的一个或多个传感器。传感器可包括：温度传感器、湿度传感器、加速度传感器。询问器还可包括一个或多个照相机，所述照相机使得能够捕获与产品、标签或环境相关联的图像。询问器可包括全球定位能力，使得询问器能够探知并共享关于询问器的地理位置的信息。
在一个方面，智能手机可用作所述仅有的询问器。在该方面，智能手机可询问标签，从而从标签的存储器探知所述信息。询问器可分析或换句话讲解释所述信息并且可产生输出。所述输出可经由听觉输出、视觉输出、触觉输出或它们的组合提供给***的使用者。询问器可利用出自智能手机的传感器或***的输入，包括得自网络资源诸如云计算资源的信息和分析。被适宜地配置成用作***询问器的示例性智能手机包括：AcerTME320Liquid Express、BlackberryTM BoldTM970，购自Research In Motion；Casio IT-800；Google Nexus 7TM，购自Google，Inc.Mountain View Ca.；HTC Desire CTM，购自HTC；LG Optimus Elite；Motorola DroidTMRazrTM，购自Motorola；Nokia700；Panasonic BizPadTM；和Samsung Galaxy SAdvanceTM。
在一个方面，传感器***可包括产品。术语“一种或多种产品”最广义地使用，并且是指任何产品、产品组、服务、通信、娱乐、环境、组织、***、工具等等。例如，产品组的一个例子为个人产品和家用产品，诸如由个人、家庭使用的产品。个人产品和家用产品组内的产品类别的代表性且非限制性列表的例子包括止汗剂、婴儿护理品、古龙香水、商业产品(包括定向于消费者的消费品的批发的工业和商业市场模拟物)、化妆品、除臭剂、盘碟护理品、女性防护品、毛发护理品、毛发着色剂、保健品、家用清洁剂、衣物洗涤剂、口腔护理品、纸制品、个人清洁剂、一次性吸收制品、宠物健康和营养品、处方药品、名牌芳香剂、护肤品、食品、小吃和饮料、特殊织物护理品、剃刮和其它毛发生长管理产品、小器具、装置和电池、服务诸如理发、美容、矿泉疗法、内科、牙科、眼科服务、娱乐地点诸如剧院、体育馆、以及娱乐服务诸如电影或影视剧、戏剧和运动事件。多种产品形式可落入这些产品类别中的每个内。
示例性产品形式和品牌描述于Procter&Gamble Company的网站www.pg.com、以及其上可见的链接网址。应当理解本发明还可以想到为产品类别的一部分但不是上文所列那些的消费品，并且本发明还涵盖不是上文指定网站上公开的那些的可供选择的产品形式和品牌。
衣物洗涤类别内的示例性产品包括洗涤剂(包括粉末、液体、片剂和其它形式)、漂白剂、调理剂、软化剂和防静电产品，以及清新剂(包括液体清新剂和烘干机纸)。口腔护理类别内的示例性产品包括牙粉、牙线、牙刷(包括手动和电动形式)、口腔清洗剂、齿龈护理品、牙齿美白产品和其它牙齿护理品。示例性女性防护品包括衬垫、棉塞、***间产品和卫生护垫。示例性婴儿护理品包括尿布、擦拭物、婴儿围兜、婴儿更换物和床垫、以及发泡的浴室洗手皂。
示例性保健产品包括泻药、纤维补充剂、口腔和局麻剂、肠胃处理产品、呼吸和咳嗽/感冒产品、热递送产品和水净化产品。示例性纸制品包括卫生纸、纸巾和面巾纸。示例性毛发护理品包括洗发剂、调理剂(包括洗去型和保留型)和定型助剂。示例性家用护理品包括清扫产品、地板清洁产品、木地板清洁剂、抗菌地板清洁剂、织物和空气清新剂，以及车辆洗涤产品。护肤品包括但不限于沐浴剂、面部清洁剂、洗手液、保湿剂、调理剂、收敛剂、剥落产品、微擦皮和剥离产品、嫩肤产品、抗衰老产品、面膜、紫外线防护产品、和护肤品泡夫、擦拭物、饼、衣服、薄片、工具和装置(具有或不具有护肤品组合物)。
其它产品组包括但不限于：运动器材、娱乐类(书籍、电影、音乐等)、视觉类、以及家用医疗和急救用品，等等。
标签可附接到产品的封装，诸如液体产品或颗粒状产品的初级封装。标签可浸入到封装的液体或颗粒状产品中或浮置在所述产品的表面上。标签可结合在产品内，诸如结合在一次性吸收制品内，诸如结合在尿布内，目的是检测对尿布的吸收芯的侵害。标签可设置在产品自身的表面上。
据信使标签的天线适形于产品外表面的形状产生如下***，其中询问器和标签之间的连通可为全向的或可按询问器和标签之间的多种角度实现。
当通信设备被用在电磁导电体上时，出现了与创制用于各种产品的通信设备相关联的这些问题之一。自由空间的无线电波的传播原理在高度导电的导电体附近不适用。另外，当天线靠近金属放置时，天线性能被严重劣化。因此，只是将RFID标签放置在电池上或放置在带有导电体的物体上可能不能实现所期望的效应，例如功率获取和/或数据传送。值得注意的是，该问题不限于可再充电/一次性电池。例如，一罐剃刮凝胶、泡沫等、或包括金属化膜的包装件可由于容器的导电性而经历相同的问题。一般来讲，紧靠金属体的RFID标签以10x减小阅读器和标签之间的信号耦合。
一种防止这种起因于金属与天线的邻近性的效应的方法是防止电磁场进入到所述金属中。例如，通过在天线和金属表面之间放置具有合适的电磁特性和尺寸的材料来隔开它们，这样可使产品的金属体/导电体周围的电磁场转向。转向器材料的特性取决于所用的确切金属和RFID频率。磁转向器有效地隔离标签与所述罐。也可利用这些材料之间的充气间隙来实现有效隔离。
在一个方面，一种确定产品信息的方法包括以下步骤：提供包括如上所述标签的产品。标签包括至少一个射频芯片和第一天线。芯片包括存储器元件和输出端子，存储器元件包括二进制编码的包括至少一个位的词的电存储。标签还包括至少一个导电聚合物体系，所述体系设置成与芯片的至少一个输出端子电连通并且适于与所述导电聚合物体系的环境的预定变化相关联地改变电状态。第一天线设置在电路中，所述电路也包括芯片和导电聚合物体系。
该方法也包括提供询问器，所述询问器适于检测与标签的数据相关联的辐射。询问器可为耦合有如上所述BluetoothTM能力的RF或NFC协议阅读器、或智能手机或包括RF或NFC能力的阅读器的其它计算设备。
询问器可通过利用RF通信协议诸如NFC协议来确定标签的当前状态。询问器可使用为所述目的而编写的软件应用程序来解释从标签接收的数据。
在一个方面，询问器可包含辅助网络通信模块从而提供用以通过蜂窝电话或其它网络(包括局域网或wifi网)发送和接收数据的装置和能力。在这一方面，询问器可传送从标签接收的数据和/或对源自标签的数据的分析。询问器的软件应用程序可分析得自标签的数据以确定是否需要补给与标签相关联的产品，或根据经由一系列对标签的询问建立的产品使用历史来预测何时将需要进行此类补给。在该方面，该应用可用来完成经由网络购买更多的产品。该应用还可用来向使用者提供相关的产品以便购买，或提供不直接与该产品相关的其它产品。
所述***和方法可用来提供与消费品相关联的事件信息。所述***可嵌入到吸收产品诸如尿布或女性护理产品内，使得聚合物体系将与所吸收的流体相互作用从而改变标签的状态并且使得所述方法的使用者能够检测标签的改变过的状态。***标签可被配置为与封装的产品接触的包装件的一部分，使得使用并消费所述产品将导致除去与聚合物体系接触的产品，从而改变标签的状态并且使得能够检测该事件和状态的改变。
在一个实施例中，电路可被配置成具有由间隙隔开的两个天线元件。在不存在导电的间隙填充材料的情况下，所述天线不被联接。天线的设计可使得连接到标签的其余部分的第一天线在被询问时不足以充分地为标签供电。所述两个天线和联接间隙填充元件的组合可为足够的，并且将导致对标签的成功询问，从而指示所关注的间隙填充材料的存在。
在一个实施例中，电路间隙可用如下聚合物元件部分地填充，所述元件适于在存在适当的环境变化的情况下膨胀。聚合物诸如聚(吡咯)、聚(乙炔)、或聚(苯胺)可用来部分地填充电路间隙。在所暴露的聚合物暴露于包含具有类似于标签聚合物的溶解度参数的溶剂的环境时，标签聚合物将溶胀，从而填充间隙并完成电路，从而使得标签由于环境变化而变成可操作的。
涂层的实例：
以如下方式形成了一种具有高盐度的高分子电解质涂层：将一个小瓶填充上10mL的超滤去离子水。将1.1688克氯化钠加入到小瓶中，并且在室温下用磁力搅拌棒混合，直到盐溶解，从而产生2摩尔的盐溶液。当该体系看起来澄清时，加入0.3克聚(乙烯醇)。将溶液加热至90℃从而允许聚合物进入到溶液中。当该体系澄清时，即可随时使用10微升的移液管顶端(除去了大约1-2毫米的顶端)将其施加到所述表面上。将移液管设定为5微升，并且将热的聚合物溶液施加到RFID标签的受关注区域上。然后将该体系置于干燥剂腔室中并让其在室温下干燥过夜。
以如下方式形成了一种化学电阻器聚合物涂层。将一个小瓶填充上9mL的超滤去离子水。使用一个独立小瓶将0.1克triton X100添加到10毫升超滤去离子水中以形成1重量％的溶液。将1毫升的所述1重量％TritonX-100添加到所述9毫升超滤去离子水中以形成0.1重量％Triton X-100溶液。将0.3克聚(乙烯醇)添加到所述0.1重量％Triton X-100溶液中，添加(较低分子量和较高％水解使得该体系比较高分子量和较低％水解的体系响应得更快)。将溶液加热至90℃从而允许聚合物进入到溶液中。当该体系澄清时，添加0.1克所述银涂覆的铜(AgCU550)导电填料，所述填料购自Ferro Electronic Materials Systems(Mayfield Heights，OH)。对所述溶液进行超声处理(除气模式，第5级)5分钟。使用10微升的移液管顶端(除去了大约1-2毫米的顶端)将该体系施加到所述表面上。将移液管设定为5微升，并且将热的聚合物溶液施加到RFID标签的受关注区域上。然后将该体系置于干燥剂腔室中并让其在室温下干燥过夜。
以如下方式形成了被设计成不响应于水而响应于其它环境化学品的第二化学电阻器聚合物涂层。将一个小瓶填充上10mL的三氯乙烯。将0.6克[聚(乙烯共乙酸乙烯酯)]添加到小瓶中。使溶液在室温下混合，直到聚合物进入到溶液中。当该体系澄清时，添加0.2克所述银涂覆的铜(AgCU550)导电填料。使用10微升的移液管顶端(除去了大约1-2毫米的顶端)将该体系施加到所述表面上。将移液管设定为5微升，并且将热的聚合物溶液施加到RFID标签的受关注区域上。然后将该体系置于通风柜中并让其在室温下干燥过夜。
以如下方式形成了一种被设计成仅响应于具有在目标范围内的pH的环境的化学电阻器聚合物体系：该方法可使用滑石粉作为防粘剂并且使用柠檬酸三乙酯作为增塑剂或PlasACRYL HTP20作为防粘/增塑剂。在一个200mL的烧杯中，将购自Evonik Industries(Essen，Germany)的41.7mL的Eudragit L30D-55添加到57mL的去离子水中，并且添加购自EvonikIndustries的14.6mL的PlasACRYL HTP20和4.3克所述银涂覆的铜(AgCU550)导电填料。用磁力搅拌棒将所述溶液搅拌10分钟。用所述溶液涂覆RF标签的所期望的区域，并且在循环干燥炉中在40℃下固化2小时。当聚合物暴露于具有大于5.5的pH值的环境时，所述RFID标签断开。
通过如下方式用对环境敏感的聚合物取代弹性聚合物形成了一种对机械应变敏感的聚合物体系：在烧杯中将8克硅氧烷RTV橡胶与8克导电填料混合以获得50/50比率的聚合物。将该混合物通过塑料的20mL注射器挤出。将这些条挤出到硅氧烷表面上以便易于取下。允许所述室温硫化进行24小时。将应变传感器条取下，并且测试其动态导电性和机械性能(杨氏模量、弹性区域、屈服点)。将Instron设定为以1mm/sec恒定地伸长，直到断裂为止。与2831E Measurement(数据记录万用表)和附接到样本的小鳄鱼夹并联地测量电阻。用Instron软件计算所述杨氏模量。在不使用鳄鱼夹的情况下进行辅助测试，其中因断裂导致的150％伸长应变的最终应变发生在应变传感器的中部。
如图1所示，***1000包括吸收制品300和询问器200。吸收制品300包括标签100。标签100包括芯片130、导电聚合物体系125和天线140。询问器200包括传感器210、电源220、天线230、分析元件240、显示元件250和网络链路260。如图2所示，便携式电源400包括标签100和屏蔽物150。如图3所示，包装件500包括标签100。
本文所公开的量纲和值不可理解为严格限于所引用的精确值。相反，除非另外指明每个这样的量纲旨在表示所列举的值以及围绕那个值功能上等价的范围两者。例如，公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
本文引用的每一文件，包括任何交叉引用的或相关的专利或专利申请，均特此以其全文引入本文，除非明文予以排除或以其他方式受限。任何文件的引用并非是对其相对于本发明所公开的任何发明或受权利要求书保护的本文，或其单独，或以与任何其它参照或参考文献、教导、建议或公开的任何此类发明的任何组合的现有技术的认可。此外，当本文献中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义冲突时，应以本文献中赋予该术语的含义或定义为准。
尽管已用具体实施例举例说明和描述了本发明，但对于本领域中技术人员将显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出多种其它的改变和变型。因此，随附权利要求书旨在涵盖本发明范围内的所有这些改变和变型。

Claims (15)

1.一种包括标签的传感器***，所述标签包括：
a.包括存储器元件和输出端子的至少一个射频芯片，所述存储器元件包括二进制编码的包括至少一个位的词的电存储；至少一个导电聚合物体系，所述导电聚合物体系设置成与所述芯片的至少一个输出端子电连通并且适于与所述导电聚合物体系的环境的预定变化相关联地改变电状态；
b.第一天线，所述第一天线设置成与所述芯片的输出端子和所述导电聚合物体系电连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，还包括询问器，所述询问器包括电源和第二天线以及接收器，所述第二天线适于产生包括所述第一天线的谐振频率的电磁辐射，并且所述接收器适于检测电磁辐射并解调所检测到的辐射，从而从所检测到的辐射提取嵌入的数据。
3.根据权利要求2所述的传感器***，其中所述询问器还包括：适于解释所提取的嵌入的数据的分析元件和适于显示所述解释的结果的显示元件。
4.根据权利要求2所述的传感器***，其中所述询问器还包括传感器。
5.根据权利要求2所述的传感器***，其中所述询问器还包括网络通信链路。
6.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，还包括产品，其中所述标签构成所述产品的一部分。
7.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，其中所述产品包括一次性吸收制品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的传感器***，还包括设置在所述天线和产品之间的电屏蔽物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，其中所述产品包括包含消费品的包装件。
10.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，其中所述产品包括便携式电源。
11.根据权利要求1所述的传感器***，其中所述标签包括无源射频芯片。
12.一种确定产品信息的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
a.提供包括标签的产品，所述标签的状态与导电聚合物体系的状态相关联；提供询问器，所述询问器适于检测与所述标签的位相关联的辐射；
b.相对于所述导电聚合物体系的环境来改变所述标签的环境状态；
c.在所述导电聚合物体系的环境已被改变之后，询问所述标签的状态；
d.解释所述标签的状态；
e.提供与所述标签的所解释状态相关联的输出。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中提供询问器的步骤还包括提供包括网络通信链路的询问器，所述方法还包括通过网络来共享所述标签的所解释状态的步骤。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括通过所述网络从所述询问器传感器共享数据的步骤。
15.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括利用所述网络购买所述产品单元的步骤。
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