CN103987664B - 龙头中的臭氧分配 - Google Patents
龙头中的臭氧分配 Download PDFInfo
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- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
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Abstract
一种用于分配流体的龙头包含:喷口;拉出喷头,其以可移除方式耦合到所述喷口且包含出口;以及阀组合件,其与所述出口流体连通。另外,所述龙头包含流体处理组合件,其经配置以将处理输出到所述流体中。所述龙头进一步包括第一流路径和第二流路径。
Description
相关申请案的交叉参考
本申请案涉及2011年12月6日申请的第61/567,392号美国临时专利申请案的优先权且将其明确地以引用方式并入本文。
背景技术和发明内容
本发明基本上涉及一种电子龙头,且更特定来说涉及一种包含水处理装置的电子龙头。
例如龙头等流体传输装置可包含流体处理装置。举例来说,处理装置可包含过滤器或水软化器,其经配置以在水从龙头流动之前处理水。可提供用户输入以用于流体处理装置的受控使用。
另外,龙头可经配置以用不同的流动方式或模式(例如,流、喷射或其它充气流)从出口提供水。用户可使用机械和/或电输入在流模式之间转换。
根据本发明的说明性实施例,一种龙头包括:喷口;第一阀,其与所述喷口流体连通;以及第二阀,其与所述第一阀间隔开且与所述喷口流体连通。所述龙头进一步包括:第一流路径,其流体耦合到所述第一阀;第二流路径,其流体耦合到所述第二阀;以及抗菌装置,其流体耦合到所述第二流路径。所述龙头经配置以选择性地使流体流经所述第一流路径和所述第二流路径中的一者。当在所述第一流路径中时,所述流体与所述抗菌装置成间隔关系流经所述第一阀。当在所述第二流路径中时,所述流体流经所述第二阀和所述抗菌装置。
根据本发明的另一说明性实施例,一种用于分配流体的龙头包括:喷口;以及拉出喷头,其以可移除方式耦合到所述喷口且包含出口。所述龙头进一步包括:阀组合件,其与所述出口流体连通;以及抗菌装置,其经配置以将处理输出到所述流体中。
根据本发明的又一说明性实施例,一种用于输出流体的流体传输装置包括:喷口,其支撑出口;以及阀组合件,其与所述出口流体连通。所述流体传输装置进一步包括:控制器,其可操作地耦合到所述阀组合件;以及流体处理组合件,其可操作地耦合到所述控制器。所述控制器经配置以基于所述流体的温度和流动速率检测所述流体处理组合件的操作。所述控制器还经配置以在所述流动速率低于预定最小流动速率以及当所述温度大于预定温度时控制所述流体传输装置的操作。
根据本发明的另一说明性实施例,一种龙头包括:喷口,其支撑出口;以及阀组合件,其与所述出口流体连通。所述龙头进一步包括水处理组合件,其具有水处理装置和外壳。水的第一部分经配置以流经所述水处理装置且水的第二部分经配置以在所述水处理装置周围流动。所述水的第一和第二部分在所述外壳中基本上同轴。所述水处理装置经配置以将处理输出到所述水的第一部分。
根据本发明的另一说明性实施例,一种用于龙头的流体处理装置的外壳包括:入口管;第一腔,其流体耦合到所述入口管;第二腔,其流体耦合到所述第一腔且支撑所述流体处理装置;以及电操作阀,其支撑在所述第一腔内。流体处理组合件支撑在所述第二腔内且流体耦合到所述电操作阀。出口管流体耦合到所述第二腔。所述第一腔与所述第二腔基本上对准。所述第一腔中的流体流经所述电操作阀且引导到所述第二腔中。
根据本发明的另一说明性实施例,一种用于传输流体的龙头包括:喷口;电操作阀,其流体耦合到所述喷口;以及臭氧处理装置,其经配置以在所述流体中提供臭氧。所述龙头进一步包括电容式传感器,其可操作地耦合到所述臭氧处理装置。所述电容式传感器提供输出信号。所述龙头还包括控制器,其可操作地耦合到所述电容式传感器。所述控制器经配置以监视来自所述电容式传感器的输出信号以选择性地操作所述臭氧处理装置。
根据本发明的又一说明性实施例,一种龙头包括:喷口;第一阀组合件,其与所述喷口流体连通;以及第二阀组合件,其与所述喷口和所述第一阀组合件流体连通。所述龙头进一步包括:第三阀组合件,其与所述喷口流体连通;流体处理组合件,其与所述第三阀组合件流体连通;以及用户输入。所述用户输入经配置以在非处理模式中时选择性地使流体流经所述第一和第二阀组合件,且经配置以在处理模式中时选择性地使流体流经所述第三阀组合件和所述流体处理组合件。
根据本发明的另一说明性实施例,一种电子流体传输装置包括:喷口,其经配置以从出口传输流体;阀组合件,其与所述喷口流体连通;以及传感器,其可操作地耦合到所述喷口且经配置以检测所述出口处的流动模式。所述电子流体传输装置进一步包括:用户输入,其可操作地耦合到所述传感器;以及控制器,其与所述传感器和所述用户输入电子连通。所述传感器经配置以将指示在所述出口处所述检测到的流动模式的电信号提供到所述控制器。
所属领域的技术人员在考虑示范了当前认为的实施本发明的最佳模式的说明性实施例的以下详细描述后将明了本发明的额外特征和优点。
附图说明
图式的详细描述特定适用于附图,其中:
图1是本发明的说明性实施例龙头的透视图;
图2A是图1的龙头的水处理组合件的分解透视图;
图2B是图1的龙头的水处理组合件的又一分解透视图;
图3是图2的水处理组合件的水处理外壳的沿着图1的线3-3截取的横截面图;
图4A是当龙头正在操作时图3的水处理外壳的详细视图;
图4B是当龙头不在操作时水处理外壳的详细视图;
图5是图2的水处理组合件的沿着图1的线5-5截取的横截面图;
图6是图4A的水处理外壳的透视图;
图7是本发明的图解视图,说明多个输入和至少一个输出;
图8是本发明的替代实施例龙头的透视图;
图9是图8的龙头的替代水处理组合件的分解透视图;
图10是图9的水处理组合件的透视图;
图11是图10的水处理组合件的分解透视图;
图12是图10的水处理组合件的横截面图,说明当龙头在非处理模式中时水的流动;
图13是图10的水处理组合件的横截面图,说明当龙头在处理模式中时水的流动;
图14是水处理装置和帽的分解视图;
图15是图14的水处理装置的沿着图11的线15-15截取的横截面图;
图16是图14的水处理装置和帽的沿着图11的线16-16截取的横截面图;
图17A是图10的说明性水处理组合件的示意图;
图17B是图17A的水处理组合件的替代实施例的示意图;
图18A是根据本发明的说明性操作方法的图解视图的第一部分,说明多个输入和情况;以及
图18B是图18A的图解视图的第二部分。
具体实施方式
本文描述的本发明的实施例既定不是详尽的或将本发明限于所揭示的精确形式。而是选择为描述的实施例以使所属领域的技术人员能够实践本发明。虽然本发明结合水进行描述,但应了解,可使用额外类型的流体。
参见图1和2,展示说明性实施例龙头10,其包含喷口主体12、毂14、喷头15、阀组合件20、水路组合件24、安装组合件35、水处理组合件50和控制器136(图7)。在操作中,龙头10分别从热水供应6和冷水供应8接收水,且选择性地混合输入的水以在喷头15处将水提供到出口2。龙头10可安装到水槽台5或其它合适的表面,其中出口2经定位以将水引导到例如水槽盆1中。
龙头10的说明性毂14是基本上中空组件,具有垂直安置的主体部分14a和从其延伸的有角度阀部分14b。如图1所示,主体部分14a的开放末端16、18纵向设置,且阀部分14b的开放末端22与开放末端16、18成一角度横向安置。具体来说,阀部分14b说明性地定位于相对于主体部分14a大于0°且小于或等于90°的任何角度。毂14的主体部分14a包含开放底部末端16,其经配置以支撑于水槽台5上方。毂14的主体部分14a还包含开放顶部末端18,其经配置以与喷口主体12配合。举例来说,主体部分14a的顶部末端18可包含内部螺纹孔(未图示),其经设定大小以容纳且啮合喷口主体12的外部螺纹末端(未图示),进而将喷口主体12紧固到毂14上。
参见图1,类似于毂14的主体部分14a,阀部分14b也包含开放末端22,用于与阀组合件20的把手34耦合。龙头10的说明性阀组合件20包含把手34和至少阀主体32。阀组合件20由毂14的阀部分14b支撑且可以可移除方式耦合到所述阀部分。在此说明性实施例中,阀组合件20可从阀部分14b的开放末端22移除以用于清洁或维护。阀主体32可为常规混合阀,其均匀地混合分别从入口管26、28进入阀组合件20的热水和冷水。举例来说,阀主体32可为可移动圆盘类别或球型类别。此外,阀组合件20和混合阀32可为在2010年7月13日发布予Rosko等人的第7,753,074号美国专利中描述的类型,所述专利明确地以引用方式并入本文。
龙头10的毂14可由传统金属材料形成,例如锌或黄铜。毂14可由例如聚合物等非金属材料形成也在本发明的范围内。可用以构造毂14的合适的非金属材料包含可交联聚乙烯(PEX)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、聚酯、三聚氰胺、三聚氰胺尿素,和三聚氰胺酚。
如图1所示,毂14耦合到水槽台5上方的安装组合件35。安装组合件35包含至少在水槽台5上方耦合到毂14的支座36,以及基板38。支座36定位于毂14的底部末端16与基板38的中间。例如o形环(未图示)等常规密封部件可定位于支座36与毂14之间,且类似地定位于支座36与基板38之间。基板38支撑于水槽台5上方,且常规密封部件(未图示)可定位于基板38与水槽台5之间。常规扣件(例如螺纹柄和螺母)可用以稳定毂14且将基板38耦合到水槽台5。
继续参见图1,龙头10的说明性水路组合件24包含热水入口管26、冷水入口管28和出口管30。水路组合件24的热水入口管26和冷水入口管28可分别流体耦合到热水供应6和冷水供应8以将水接收到龙头10中。说明性地,出口管30包含第一部分30a和第二部分30b。出口管30的第一部分30a和第二部分30b流体耦合到水处理组合件50。更具体来说,第一部分30a在阀组合件20与水处理组合件50的水处理外壳54之间延伸。第二部分30b在水处理外壳54下方延伸且向上弯曲以穿过喷口主体12且与喷头15耦合以从出口2传输水。
如图1所示,入口管26、28在毂14下方延伸且可包含常规流体耦合件,例如螺母,用于将热入口管26和冷入口管28分别流体耦合到热水供应6和冷水供应8上。同样,出口管30的第一部分30a可包含常规流体耦合件,用于流体耦合到水处理外壳54和阀组合件20。另外,第二部分30b可包含用于耦合到水处理外壳54的常规流体耦合件。此外,可与常规流体耦合件一起包含常规密封件(例如,o形环)。举例来说,通过在2010年2月26日申请的颁与Nelson等人的第PCT/US10/25524号国际专利申请案中陈述的方法可构造水路组合件24,所述申请案的揭示内容明确地以引用方式并入本文。
为了限制龙头10中的水与金属组件之间的接触,水路组合件24可由柔性非金属材料形成,例如聚合物,说明性地为可交联聚合物。或者,水路组合件24可用非金属材料加衬。由此,水路组合件24说明性地为非导电的。在一个说明性实施例中,基本上整个水路组合件24(包含入口管26、28和出口管30)由聚乙烯形成,其随后可经交联以形成交联聚乙烯(PEX)。可用以构造水路组合件24的其它合适的材料包含聚乙烯(PE)(例如耐高温聚乙烯(PE-RT))、聚丙烯(PP)(例如无规聚丙烯(PPR))以及聚丁烯(PB)。如果进一步设想水路组合件24可由使用硅烷自由基引发剂的交联聚氯乙烯(PVCX)、交联聚氨酯或使用过氧化物或硅烷自由基引发剂的交联聚丙烯(XLPP)构造。用以构造水路组合件24的聚合物材料可包含例如玻璃纤维等加强部件在本发明的范围内。
如图1所示,喷头15以可移除方式耦合到喷口主体12,且与出口管30的第二部分30b流体连通。说明性喷头15是下拉型的,但应了解,喷头15可体现其它类型的喷头。喷头15通过耦合件(未图示)可操作地耦合到喷口主体12,所述耦合件例如弹性指状物、插栓式耦合件或磁性耦合件。在操作中,喷头15可配置于第一位置或第二位置中。更具体来说,在第一位置中,喷头15的末端13接近地耦合到喷口主体12的末端11。相反地,在第二位置中,喷头15经由出口管30的第二部分30b从喷口主体12延伸,使得喷口主体12的末端11和喷头15的末端13间隔开。虽然结合拉出喷头描述本发明,但应了解,可使用额外类型的喷头或喷口主体。举例来说,龙头10可包含具有出口的喷口,带有与其固定的充气器。
参见图1和7,喷头15可经配置以调整出口2处的水的流动模式。流动操作模式可为喷射、流或充气模式或其任一组合,且可包含额外流动出口方式。喷头15或毂14可机械地或电耦合到模式传感器120以便将流动模式传送到控制器136。更具体来说,模式传感器120可定位于龙头10上或内,且可包含用户输入(未图示)以在流模式、喷射模式或其它充气模式之间电转换或切换。流模式可以层流的比喷射模式更少湍流的方式从出口2输出水。模式传感器120可经配置以检测水或流动方式的具体特性的改变,例如水的湍流,以便确定模式。
模式传感器120可为压电元件、射频(“RF”)装置、机械闩锁开关、无线传感器、用于检测流动速率的涡轮发电机、偏转开关、磁性或霍尔效应传感器或电容式传感器,其例如与用户输入电子连通以便改变出口2处的水的流动模式。在一个说明性实施例中,模式传感器120是用于检测压力脉冲或振动的改变以指示模式何时在流与喷射之间改变的压电元件。举例来说,龙头10可经配置以在例如喷射模式等默认或基线模式中启动,且模式传感器120经配置以检测压力和/或振动的改变,其指示模式已改变。在又一说明性实施例中,模式传感器120可使用触摸或接近感测,结合电容式传感器138操作,以便在流模式与喷射模式之间转换。另外,电容式传感器138可用以接通和断开龙头10(即,启动和停止水通过水路组合件24的流动),如下文进一步详细描述。
出口2还可包含层流型的充气器(未图示)以在充气流与层流之间改变出口2处的水。充气器可包含多个开口,其经配置以旋转且形成各种方式或调整流动模式以促进充气流或层流。举例来说,旋转充气器以对准所有开口可产生层流。另外,充气器可包含电子传感器或机械耦合件以在充气流与层流之间转换。
如图1到3所示,龙头10的水处理组合件50进一步包括支撑于水槽台5下方的盖52、印刷电路板56、水处理装置58、说明性地例如臭氧产生器等抗菌装置,以及电操作阀60。水处理外壳54定位于盖52内。任选地,盖52可由壳体62(图1)围绕。壳体62可形成为单个单元,或可包含围绕壳体62的***耦合在一起的第一侧62a和第二侧62b。虽然结合臭氧处理描述本发明,但应了解,可使用额外类型的流体处理。
相对于图2和5,盖52说明性地包含第一侧52a和第二侧52b,其基本上为镜像且表示盖52的约一半。第一侧52a和第二侧52b围绕盖52的***耦合以说明性地形成具有基本上正方形横截面的立方体。然而,盖52可形成其它形状。或者,盖52可形成为单个单元。另外,盖52和壳体62可由例如聚合物等不导电材料形成。
参见图2到6,水处理外壳54包含入口水路64和出口水路66。入口水路64和出口水路66可彼此紧密接近定向,但不直接对准。更具体来说,说明性入口水路64可从出口水路66横向偏移,使得入口水路64和出口水路66基本上平行。通过使入口水路64和出口水路66彼此紧密接近而定位,水处理外壳54可较为紧凑。或者,水处理外壳54的入口水路64和出口水路66可相对于彼此成角度。
如图2、3、5和6所示,过滤器或筛112可定位于水处理外壳54的入口水路64内。过滤器112可包括精织网材料,以便从水移除杂质和其它颗粒物质。由此,过滤器112可改善水的质量。另外,过滤器112可增加水的均匀性。
参见图2到5,水处理外壳54从盖52的上表面68上方和盖52的下表面70下方延伸。更具体来说,盖52的上表面68包含孔口72,水处理外壳54的入口水路64通过所述孔口延伸,且盖52的下表面70包含孔口74,水处理外壳54的出口水路66通过所述孔口延伸。水处理外壳54可包含阀腔76和处理腔84。处理腔84与阀腔76对准且可通过水处理外壳54的壁106与其间隔开。更具体来说,阀腔76和处理腔84基本上垂直于水处理外壳54的入口水路64和出口水路66。处理腔84朝向盖52的横向表面86延伸,且延伸通过横向表面86中的孔口88。
参见图2A到4A,阀腔76支撑电操作阀60,其可经由常规扣件(例如多个螺钉61)和/或粘合材料耦合到水处理外壳54和电路板56。电操作阀60基本上垂直于水处理外壳54的入口水路64和出口水路66而延伸。电操作阀60可为将能量转换为线性运动的机电阀,说明性地为螺线管阀。说明性地,电操作阀60包含磁性部分78、活塞80和阀部件82。更具体来说,活塞80定位于磁性部分78内,且阀部件82与磁性部分78间隔开。阀部件82包含由磁性材料(例如,金属)构成的第一侧82a,以及由不导电密封材料(例如,橡胶)构成的第二侧82b。电操作阀60电耦合到外部电源146(例如,使用龙头10的房屋、建筑物或其它结构的电***)(未图示)。
说明性地,电操作阀60进一步包含位于邻近于活塞80的一端的磁性部分78内的弹簧机构275(图11),使得活塞80在磁性部分78内弹簧偏置。特定来说,活塞80朝向闭合位置弹性偏置。换句话说,电操作阀60在未被供应电力时闭合,且活塞80可从磁性部分78延伸。另外,弹性机构275(图11)由活塞80延伸而不压缩。更特定来说,在闭合位置中,活塞80接触阀部件82的第一侧82a,进而朝向壁106的阀座83推动或驱动阀部件82(图4A、4B)。由此,阀部件82的第二侧82b与阀座83密封地接合以防止水流入阀腔76。
相反,在操作期间,在龙头10正操作时将电压施加到磁性部分78以沿着活塞80形成磁场。所述磁场致使活塞80在磁性部分78内滑动或缩回以打开或致动电操作阀60。当电操作阀60处于打开位置中时,活塞80在磁性部分78内缩回且压缩弹簧机构275(图11)。由此,当电操作阀60正在操作时,活塞80与阀部件82间隔开,进而允许入口水路64中的水的水压在阀腔76中产生压力差,且推动阀部件82远离阀座83且朝向活塞80和磁性部分78。在操作期间,电操作阀60可产生热且因此,散热器114可耦合到电路板56且定位于电操作阀60附近。盖52可在邻近于散热器114的至少上表面68中包含多个窄开口或狭缝116,以排放由电操作阀60产生的热。
继续参见图3、4A和4B、处理腔84在其中以可移除方式支撑处理装置,说明性地为水处理装置58。说明性水处理装置58可为过滤器装置、抗菌装置或经配置以处理龙头10内的流体的任何其它装置。抗菌装置经配置以杀死或抑制例如食品中或无生命表面或手上的细菌生长(参见http://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/StudentsTeachers/ScienceandTheFoodSupply/ucm215830.htm)。说明性地,抗菌装置可使用化学处理(例如,氯)、添加剂、臭氧、UV和其它已知方法来杀死或抑制细菌生长。
说明性地,水处理装置58是抗菌臭氧产生器,其经配置以将具有抗菌活动的处理输出到水中。水处理装置58定位于出口管30的上游,且容纳于套管90内。套管90和水处理装置58沿着处理腔84的纵轴?延伸(图3和6)。处理腔84的开放螺纹端96以螺旋方式耦合到螺纹扣件或帽98(例如,螺母)以将套管90固定在处理腔84内。套管90可进一步包含至少一个凹槽100以容纳密封部件102。说明性地,套管90的第一端94包含第一和第二凹槽100以容纳第一和第二密封部件102(o形环)。
水处理装置58说明性地包含至少一个通道118、臭氧产生装置(说明性地为丸体59),和电耦合器(说明性地为电缆或电线92)。电线92从套管90的第一端94延伸。说明性地,水处理装置58包含第一通道118a和第二通道118b,其可基本上平行于处理腔84的纵轴?(图3)。另外,水处理装置58的丸体59可在通道118a、118b的中间。在操作中,水在阀腔76与处理腔84之间流动,且经分离使得水的一部分流经水处理装置58且水的一部分侧面流经通道118a、118b。如图4A所示,侧面流动的水说明性地由箭头150A表示,且因此绕过水处理装置58。流经水处理装置58的水说明性地由箭头150B表示,且在水处理装置58正操作的情况下可例如用臭氧处理。如图4A所示,箭头150A和150B指示在龙头10的操作期间在基本上同轴方向上的经处理水和未经处理水流。侧面流动的水150A和流经水处理装置58的水150B在出口管30的第二部分30b中混合在一起。当本发明的龙头10正在操作时(即,电操作阀60处于开放位置),流经水处理外壳54的水的一部分侧面流动,且水的一部分流经水处理装置58,无论水处理装置58是否正在操作。特定来说,侧面流动的水150A可最小化水处理外壳54的水通路110内的压降。
继续参见图4A和4B,水处理外壳54的壁106定位于处理腔84和阀腔76的中间。壁106可邻接套管90的第二端104以防止套管90和水处理装置58延伸到阀腔76中。更特定来说,壁106包含开口108,其调节且控制在阀腔76与处理腔84之间流动的水。任选地,具有至少一个开口或窗的间隔件(未图示)可定位于套管90的第二端104与壁106之间,以便进一步调节且控制在阀腔76与处理腔84之间流动的水体积。特定来说,开口108控制且调节流经水处理装置58的水150B的体积以及侧面流动的水150A的体积。
参见图3、4A和4B,水处理外壳54的水通路110在入口水路64与出口水路66之间以及阀腔76与处理腔84之间延伸。说明性地,水通路110具有基本上蜿蜒形状。更特定来说,水通路110基本上垂直通过入口水路64,且包含基本上直角弯曲且继续到阀腔76中。水通路110从阀腔76继续,通过壁106中的开口108,且延伸到处理腔84中。水通路110在处理腔84中包含另一基本上直角弯曲,且基本上垂直通过出口水路66。通过包含另一基本上直角弯曲,水通路110的返回通路逆转水的流动方向,其说明性地减少入口水路64与出口水路66之间的距离。另外,返回通路大致平行于处理腔84,进而进一步减小水处理外壳54的大小。
为了限制龙头10中的水与金属组件之间的接触,水处理外壳54可由柔性非金属材料形成,例如聚合物,说明性地为可交联聚合物。或者,水处理外壳54可用非金属材料加衬。由此,水处理外壳54说明性地为非导电的。在一个说明性实施例中,基本上整个水处理外壳54由聚乙烯形成,其随后可经交联以形成交联聚乙烯(PEX)。可用以构造水处理外壳54的其它合适的材料包含聚乙烯(PE)(例如耐高温聚乙烯(PERT))、聚丙烯(PP)(例如无规聚丙烯(PPR))以及聚丁烯(PB)。如果进一步设想水处理外壳54可由使用硅烷自由基引发剂的交联聚氯乙烯(PVCX)、交联聚氨酯或使用过氧化物或硅烷自由基引发剂的交联聚丙烯(XLPP)构造。用以构造水处理外壳54的聚合物材料可包含例如玻璃纤维等加强部件在本发明的范围内。
水处理装置58可用以产生臭氧(O3),其在水处理外壳54中吸收到水中。水处理装置58可经配置以通过常规方法(例如,电晕放电或“热火花”、电解、等离子、UV)产生臭氧。龙头10可进一步包含吸气器(未图示)以促进水的处理。
说明性地,水处理装置58使用电解过程,其允许在压力下产生臭氧,且因此可相对于其它臭氧产生方法增加水中的臭氧的浓度。特定来说,将电流供应到电线92且传输到水处理装置58的丸体59,以便产生臭氧。电线92电耦合到外部电源146。示范性臭氧产生器58可从EOI电解臭氧公司或Klaris公司购得。因为水处理装置58定位于水槽台5下方,所以准许足够时间使臭氧由出口管30的第二部分30b中的水吸收,之后从出口2传输经臭氧处理的水。举例来说,出口管30的长度可约为36英寸,以便允许臭氧溶解或吸收于水中,之后到达出口2。除了臭氧之外,水处理装置58还可经配置以用其它方式和/或用其它化学品处理水。举例来说,控制器136可经配置以响应于用户输入或所需流体应用而更改由水处理装置58产生的处理。
当水处理装置58经配置以产生臭氧时,出口2处的经臭氧处理的水优选用作消毒或清洁剂。另外,经臭氧处理的水可用以对饮用水进行消毒。更特定来说,在溶解于水中的臭氧被破坏或另外销毁之前,经臭氧处理的水执行消毒功能(即,主动地对与水接触的物品进行消毒)。或者,如果溶解于水中的臭氧被破坏,那么经臭氧处理的水保持经消毒或清洁,然而,经臭氧处理的水不再主动地执行消毒功能。举例来说,经消毒的经臭氧处理的水可优选地用于清洁的饮用水应用,而主动执行消毒功能的经臭氧处理的水可优选地作为清洁剂。
龙头10且尤其是水路组合件24可包含位于水处理装置58下游的过滤器113(图17A和17B)。过滤器113可经配置以通过移除杂质或其它颗粒而进一步改善水的质量。另外,过滤器113可例如为炭黑过滤器,可经配置以破坏或销毁出口管30的第二部分30b中的水中的臭氧。由此,出口管30的第二部分30b中的水是用臭氧处理,且在从出口2传输时经消毒或清洁。然而,当水中的臭氧由过滤器113破坏时,从出口2传输的水不再主动地对与水接触的物品进行消毒。控制器136可以可操作方式耦合到过滤器113以控制过滤器113的操作和/或通过过滤器113的水的流动(即,通过旁路阀)。由此,用户可选择性地操作过滤器113以便产生用于特定清洁水应用的消毒水(例如,饮用)和用于其它水应用的消毒水(例如,清洁)。
参见图1、3和7,控制器136可接收来自传感器的输入或其它臭氧用户输入134以接通和断开水处理装置58。说明性地,用户输入134是支座36上的机械按钮。或者,用户输入134可为电容式感测按钮。控制器136电控制水处理装置58的操作,且可包含定时器或时钟142以在预定长度的操作时间之后断开水处理装置58。举例来说,控制器136可经配置以在四个连续分钟的操作之后断开水处理装置58。另外,时钟142可记录水处理装置58在预定周期内已操作的累计时间量。举例来说,当水处理装置58在60分钟周期内累计地操作约15分钟时,时钟142可将信号发送到控制器136。响应于此,控制器136可防止水处理装置58操作,直到水处理装置58已经不活动达预定时间。
另外,时钟142可经配置为水处理保持定时器。更特定来说,控制器136可与时钟142协作以在用户意外地撞击或敲击喷口12从而意外地断开水时继续水处理装置58的操作。举例来说,当水从出口2流动且用户输入134被激活时,控制器136激活水处理装置58以从出口2传输经处理水。然而,如果在水处理装置58正在操作时用户意外地撞击或敲击喷口12,进而断开水,且随后在预定时间周期内再次敲击喷口12,那么水将接通且经处理水将继续从出口2流动。由此,在喷口12接收到敲击而断开水之后,控制器136继续水处理装置58的操作达预定时间(例如,30秒)。如果用户在预定时间周期内未敲击喷口12以再次接通水,进而指示用户并未意外地断开水,那么控制器136将停止水处理装置58的操作。可了解到,控制器136可在用于控制龙头10的操作的喷口12上的敲击与用于调整喷口12的位置的喷口12上的抓握之间进行区分。特定来说,喷口12经配置以转动或旋转,且用户可调整喷口12的位置而无需接通/断开水。
龙头10还可包含显示器或其它信号(未图示),其可操作地耦合到用户输入134以向用户指示水处理装置58是否正在操作。举例来说,龙头10可包含支座36上的发光二极管(“LED”)显示器,其可使用特定颜色来指示水处理装置58是否在作用中(即,接通)。在本发明的一个说明性实施例中,用户输入134可为背光且照射以指示水处理装置58正在操作。举例来说,用户输入134可带背光以在水处理装置58正在操作时照射白光。另外,用户输入134可包含温度指示器,例如用于冷水的蓝灯和用于热水的红灯。另外,用户输入134可经配置以从红色逐渐地改变到蓝色或从蓝色逐渐地改变到红色以指示由热敏电阻器122测量的水的温度的相应减小或增加。
或者,电容式传感器138和控制器136可用以通过触摸或接近感测技术来操作水处理装置58和/或致动电操作阀60。由此,电容式传感器138与控制器136结合可经配置以监视和控制电操作阀60和水处理装置58两者的操作。电容式传感器138可包括免触摸接近传感器,例如耦合到喷口12的红外传感器,或触摸传感器,例如加速度计、力传感器或按钮,以用类似于颁与Sawaski等人的第2011/0253220号美国专利申请公开案中揭示的方式控制电操作阀60和/或水处理装置58的激活,所述公开案的揭示内容明确地以引用方式并入本文。更特定来说,电容式传感器138还可包括耦合到喷口主体12的电极(未图示)。喷口主体12的侧壁可由导电材料(例如,金属)形成且界定电极。在其它说明性实施例中,电极可由例如金属板等单独导电元件界定。可使用任何合适的电容式传感器138,例如可从赛普拉斯半导体公司购得的CapSense电容式传感器。
来自电容式传感器138的输出耦合到控制器136。更特定来说,控制器136可确定在喷口主体12上是否检测到触摸(敲击或抓握)和/或用户的手或其它对象是否在接近喷口主体12的检测区域内。举例来说,如果电容式传感器138正在以触摸传感器操作,当在喷口主体12上检测到触摸时,控制器136在实施龙头10的不同功能之前确定触摸方式(触摸数目)。控制器136可确定在喷口主体12上检测到单次敲击,进而指示应当接通或断开电操作阀60。或者,控制器136可确定在预定时间周期内(例如,一秒)在喷口主体12上检测到两次敲击(双击),进而指示应当接通或断开水处理装置58。
说明性实施例龙头10可根据以下实例操作。当电操作阀60闭合时,龙头10不操作。喷口主体12上的单次敲击可激活操作电操作阀60。然而,喷口主体12上的双击可激活电操作阀60和水处理装置58,使得以臭氧处理出口2处的水。可能需要喷口主体12上的单次敲击来同时断开电操作阀60和水处理装置58。此外,如果激活电操作阀60,那么喷口主体12上的双击可接通和断开水处理装置58。然而,喷口主体12上的双击将不断开电操作阀60,使得仅水处理装置58的操作可受喷口主体12上的双击影响。如下文进一步详细描述,当电操作阀60不在操作时,水处理装置58将不操作。
水处理装置58的有效性与水中的臭氧的浓度成比例。举例来说,以臭氧处理的水的氧化还原势(“ORP”)(即,清洁度)可为确定水处理装置58的有效性的一种方法。类似地,水中的臭氧的“脱氧率”指示水处理装置58的有效性且测量水中的污染物的量。龙头10可包含质量传感器144(图7)以测量ORP和/或脱氧率,进而监视水处理装置58的有效性。
参见图2、3和5到7,水中的臭氧的浓度且因此水处理装置58的有效性可受到水的参数或特性影响,例如流动速率、温度、出口2处的流动模式,以及供应到水处理装置58的电力量。由此,龙头10进一步包含温度传感器,说明性地为热敏电阻器122,以及流动速率传感器组合件124,其说明性地包含涡轮机126和霍尔效应传感器128。控制器136响应于由热敏电阻器122和流动速率传感器组合件124发送的指示水的对应值的信号监视和控制水处理装置58的操作。另外,龙头10可包含电力传感器140以监视可用于电操作阀60和水处理装置58的电力。
热敏电阻器122可定位于耦合到水处理外壳54的入口水路64的热敏电阻器固定器123内。更特定来说,热敏电阻器122定位于阀腔76和处理腔84的上游,以便在水流动到水处理装置58之前监视水的温度。说明性地,热敏电阻器122垂直于水处理外壳54的入口水路64而定向,然而热敏电阻器122取决于水处理外壳54的配置可在不同定向上定位。
水的温度与水中的臭氧的浓度成反比例相关。特定来说,在水的温度增加时,水中的臭氧浓度可由于不合意的脱气而减小。当控制器136接收到来自热敏电阻器122的大于预定最大温度的温度测量值,使得水的温度将相反地影响水中的臭氧浓度时,控制器136可防止水处理装置58操作。由此,如果当水温度等于或大于预定最大温度时激活水处理装置58,那么用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58尚未接通。另外,由于臭氧浓度与水的温度之间的相反关系,水处理装置58定位于阀组合件20的下游。更特定来说,如果臭氧产生装置定位于热和冷入口管26、28内,那么水将还未在阀组合件20中混合且热水中的臭氧浓度可相对于冷水中的臭氧浓度减小。通过将水处理装置58定位于阀组合件20的下游,水中的臭氧浓度可较均匀,且水处理装置58的有效性可增加。此外,流动速率传感器组合件124的涡轮机126帮助混合热水和冷水,且因此在热敏电阻器122的上游。
类似地,且如图2和5到7中所示,水的流动速率可影响水中的臭氧浓度,且因此影响水处理装置58的有效性。更特定来说,当水的流动速率较低时,不合意的脱气可能发生。另外,当水的流动速率较高时,可不利地影响水中的臭氧浓度(即,过低),进而也降低水处理装置58的有效性。由此,在某些说明性实施例中,控制器136可以可操作地耦合到流动速率传感器组合件124和水处理装置58,以便相对于流动速率成比例地调整臭氧输出。此外,流动速率可与所要求水的体积和/或龙头10和水处理装置58的容量相关。
流动速率传感器组合件124的涡轮机126可定位于水处理外壳54的入口水路64内且与在入口水路64外部的霍尔效应传感器128对准。更特定来说,霍尔效应传感器128定位于入口水路64与电路板56的中间。另外,流动速率传感器组合件124可邻近于过滤器112且在所述过滤器的下游。流动速率传感器组合件124定位于阀腔76和处理腔84的上游,以便在水进入处理腔84之前监视水的流动速率。
在操作期间,当水流经水处理外壳54的入口水路64时,流动速率传感器组合件124监视水的流动速率且将信号电传送到控制器136。更特定来说,涡轮机126通过在水通过时旋转而促进进入水处理外壳54的热水和冷水的混合。霍尔效应传感器128检测在预定时间周期期间涡轮机126的旋转数目,且将指示此数目的信号发射到控制器136。控制器136经配置以使涡轮机126的旋转数目等于水的特定流动速率。当水的流动速率在所需操作范围内,例如0.01-2.5加仑/分钟之间时,水处理装置58将不操作。举例来说,如果在流动速率低于预定最小速率(例如,0.01加仑/分钟)时接通水处理装置58,那么控制器136防止水处理装置58操作。类似地,如果在流动速率大于预定最大速率(例如,2.5加仑/分钟)时接通臭氧产生器,那么控制器136也防止水处理装置58操作。或者,最大流动速率可由流量限制器控制,例如流量限制器200(图17A),其将流动速率维持在处于或低于预定最大流动速率。如果流动速率不在操作范围内,那么用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58尚未经激活。而且可了解,如果电操作阀60不在操作,那么水处理装置58将不操作。
在替代实施例中,控制器136可经配置以控制水处理装置58的操作以相对于水的流动速率和/或温度成比例地增加或减小臭氧的产生。特定来说,水处理装置58的丸体59可由控制器136操作以优化臭氧的产生,使得还基于检测到的水的流动速率和温度来优化吸收到水中的臭氧浓度。
出口2处的水的流动模式或其变体也可影响水中的臭氧浓度。更特定来说,水的湍流与水中的臭氧的浓度成反比例相关。在水的湍流增加时,水中的臭氧的浓度可减小。如上文详细描述,当与喷射模式相比时,流模式在出口2处产生较多层流且较少湍流的水流动。另外,当充气器产生层流时水较少湍流。由此,模式传感器120可将信号发送到控制器136以当喷头15处于喷射模式时、当充气器处于充气模式时或在可增加水的湍流的另一模式中防止水处理装置58操作。如果当喷头15处于例如喷射模式时接通水处理装置58,那么控制器136将防止水处理装置58操作,且用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58尚未激活。
此外,可了解,水处理装置58定位于水路组合件24的未受限部分中。举例来说,过滤器112、流动速率组合件124和电操作阀60可限制水流或缩窄水通路110,其可增加水的湍流。然而,水处理装置58定位于过滤器112、流动速率组合件124和电操作阀60的下游,进而确保在水进入水处理装置58之前最小化水中的湍流。另外,水中的臭氧可不利地影响龙头10的组件,例如阀盘82。特定来说,臭氧可腐蚀构成阀盘82的材料。因此,通过将水处理装置58定位于电操作阀60的下游,可最小化对阀盘82和龙头10的其它组件的损坏。
另外,电力传感器140说明性地与水处理装置58的控制器136和电线92电连通(图7)。由此,电力传感器140监视供应到水处理装置58的电力(例如,电流),因为流经丸体59的电流与由水处理装置58产生的臭氧的浓度成比例。更特定来说,如果电流低于预定量,那么水处理装置58可不产生臭氧。如上文详细描述,低臭氧浓度降低水处理装置58的有效性。因此,如果在供应到水处理装置58的电流低于预定最小水平时接通水处理装置58,那么控制器136将防止水处理装置58操作。用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58尚未激活。举例来说,如果外部电源146失去电力,那么无电流供应到水处理装置58,且控制器136防止水处理装置58操作。
控制器136还可与辅助或备用电源通信,说明性地为电池130,其耦合到盖52且电耦合到电操作阀60。更特定来说,如果外部电源146失去电力,那么可防止电操作阀60操作。然而,电池130或其它辅助电力***可在电力失去的情况下将电提供到电操作阀60。电池130说明性地为耦合到盖52的下表面72的qV电池。更特定来说,盖52的下表面72包含从其向下延伸且基本上围绕电池130的盖132。盖132的说明性实施例包含第一侧132a和第二侧132b,其耦合在一起以形成围绕电池130的盖132。然而,盖132可经构造为单件式,其经配置以容纳电池130。说明性电池130未耦合到水处理装置58,且因此可不将电力供应到水处理装置58。由此,即使当电操作阀60正经由电池130操作且水正从出口2流动时,水处理装置58在电力失去期间也将不操作。
如本文详细描述且参见图7,控制器136监视且控制水处理装置58的操作。更特定来说,控制器136接收来自至少热敏电阻器122、流动速率传感器组合件124、模式传感器120和电力传感器140的输入信号,以便确定何时且是否可防止水处理装置58操作。举例来说,当水的温度大于预定最大值时,当水的流动速率不在操作范围内时,当出口2处的流动模式界定喷射模式时,以及当无电力供应到水处理装置58时,控制器136将输出信号以防止水处理装置58操作。控制器136还可与质量传感器144电连通。
参见图1、3、4A、4B和7,在使用中,热水和冷水从热水供应6和冷水供应8流动,通过热入口管26和冷入口管28,到龙头10的阀组合件20。水在阀组合件20中混合且通过出口管30的第一部分30a向下朝向水处理外壳54流动。水进入水处理外壳54的入口水路64,流经流动速率传感器组合件124的过滤器112和涡轮机126,且流经热敏电阻器122。水以基本上直角弯曲而进入阀腔76。操作电操作阀60且水压朝向活塞80推动阀部件82,进而允许水朝向处理腔84流经阀腔76和壁106中的开口108。
水进入处理腔84且水的一部分150A(图4A)侧面流动或绕过水处理装置58,且水的一部分150B(图4A)进入水处理装置58的通道118a、118b。水从处理腔84流动且以基本上直角弯曲而向下朝向水处理外壳54的出口水路66流动。离开处理腔84的水150A、150B相对于进入处理腔84的水在相反方向上流动。水继续朝向喷头15和出口2流经出口管30的第二部分30b。出口2处的水取决于所选的模式可为喷射、流或充气。
参见图4A,当水流经水处理外壳54时,流动速率传感器组合件124和热敏电阻器122可各自将指示水的相应流动速率和温度的信号电传送到控制器136。另外,控制器136可从模式传感器120接收指示水的流动模式的信号。如果水处理装置58不在操作(即,用户输入134或电容式传感器138未激活且无信号发送到控制器136以激活水处理装置58),那么在水流经水处理装置58的通道118a、118b时不产生臭氧。侧面流动的水随后与流出通道118a、118b的水混合,且组合以朝向出口水路66流动,流经出口管30,且朝向喷头15和出口2流动。
然而,如果用户输入134或电容式传感器138将指示请求臭氧产生的信号发送到控制器136,那么控制器136确定流动速率是否在操作范围内且同样,水的温度是否低于预定最大温度。另外,控制器136确定水的流动模式是否界定流,且电力是否可用于水处理装置58。如果流动速率在操作范围内,水的温度低于预定最大温度,流动模式为流,且电力可用,那么控制器136将激活水处理装置58。由此且参见图4A,将电力供应到水处理装置58,尤其是丸体59,以便在水流经水处理装置58时产生臭氧。丸体59将臭氧混合到通道118a、118b中的水中。经臭氧处理的水与在套管90周围流动的侧面流动的水在出口管30的第二部分30b中的水混合以将水传输到出口2。
相反地,如果控制器136确定水的温度大于预定温度,流动速率不在操作范围内,出口2处的水处于喷射模式,或不足的电力提供于水处理装置58,那么控制器136防止水处理装置58操作。用户输入134可指示水处理装置58不在操作。由此,流经水处理装置58的通道118a、118b的水未以臭氧处理。
如图4B所示,当龙头10断开时,电操作阀60不操作且无电力供应到电操作阀60。由此,阀部件82与阀座83密封以防止水进入阀腔76。当电操作阀60不在操作时,水可不流经出口管30或喷头15,且不激活水处理装置58。
参见图2和3,为了维护或更换水处理装置58,从处理腔84的第一端96移除帽98。包含定位于其中的水处理装置58的套管90可沿着纵轴?从处理腔84可滑动地移除。由此,套管90允许从水处理外壳54移除水处理装置58而无需接达盖52的内部。类似地,通过沿着纵轴?滑动套管90且将帽98耦合到处理腔84的第一端96,水处理装置58和套管90可耦合到水处理外壳54。
接着参见图8到13,展示另一说明性实施例龙头10'。图8到13的龙头10'包含类似于图1到7的龙头10的那些特征的特征,具有指示相似元件的相似参考数字,除了下文描述的情况。类似于龙头10,说明性龙头10'包含喷口主体12、毂14、喷头15、阀组合件20、水路组合件24'、安装组合件35、水处理组合件50'和控制器136(图7)。在操作中,龙头10'分别从热水供应6和冷水供应8接收水,且在阀体32中选择性地混合传入水以在喷头15处将水提供到出口2。龙头10'可以用安装组合件35安装到水槽台5,且经布置以将水从出口2引导到例如水槽盆1中。水处理组合件50'可容易地添加到龙头10'而不会中断龙头10'的其它组件的配置。
参见图8,龙头10'的说明性水路组合件24'包含流体耦合到停止阀282(图17A和17B)的热水入口管26、流体耦合到停止阀280(图17A和17B)的冷水入口管28',和出口管30。水路组合件24'的热水入口管26和冷水入口管28'分别流体耦合到热水供应6和冷水供应8以将水接收到龙头10'中。热水入口管26可包含止回阀288(图17A和17B)。冷水入口管28'包含第一部分28a'、第二部分28b'和第三部分28c'。冷水入口管28'还包含多向流动部件,说明性地为T部件152。T部件152包含在说明性地垂直方向上延伸的第一部分152a以及基本上垂直于第一部分152a延伸的第二部分152b。冷水入口管28'的第一部分28a'在冷水供应8与T部件150的第一部分152a的底端之间延伸。冷水入口管28'的第三部分28c'可包含止回阀284(图17A和17B)且流体耦合到阀组合件20和T部件150的第一部分152a的顶端。第一部分152a的顶端和底端可包含密封部件(未图示),用于防止T部件152与冷水入口管28'之间的漏水。
冷水入口管28'的第二部分28b'可包含止回阀286(图17A和17B)且流体耦合到水处理组合件50'和T部件152的第二部分152b。T部件152的第二部分152b可包含密封部件(未图示),用于防止T部件152与冷水入口管28'之间的漏水。
说明性地,出口管30包含第一部分30a和第二部分30b。出口管30的第一部分30a和第二部分30b流体耦合到水处理组合件50'。更具体来说,第一部分30a在阀组合件20与水处理组合件50'的水处理外壳54'之间延伸。第二部分30b在水处理外壳54'下方延伸且向上弯曲以穿过喷口主体12以便与喷头15耦合且从出口2传输水。
为了限制龙头10'中的水与金属组件之间的接触,包含入口管26、28'、出口管30和T部件152的水路组合件24'可由柔性非金属材料形成或以所述材料加衬,例如聚合物,说明性地为可交联聚合物,如上文相对于水路组合件24详细描述。由此,水路组合件24'说明性地为非导电的。
参见图8,喷头15可为如上文详细描述的下拉喷头,且流体耦合到出口管30的第二部分30b。喷头15可经配置以调整出口2处的水的流动模式。流动操作模式可为喷射、流、充气模式或其任一组合,且可包含额外流动出口方式。喷头15可机械地或电耦合到模式传感器120以便将流动模式传送到控制器136。更具体来说,模式传感器120可定位于龙头10上或内,且可包含用户输入(未图示)以在流模式、喷射模式或其它充气模式之间电转换或切换。流模式可以层流的且比喷射模式更少湍流的方式从出口2输出水。
如图9和10所示,龙头10'的水处理组合件50'包括水处理外壳54'、第一印刷电路板56、第二印刷电路板154、水处理装置58'(说明性地为臭氧产生器)、第一电操作阀60,和第二电操作阀156。水处理外壳54'包含盖部件54a'和54b',其在通过闩锁158和闩锁开口159耦合在一起时基本上围绕第一和第二印刷电路板56、154、水处理装置58'以及第一和第二电操作阀60和156。龙头10'经配置以在处理模式或非处理模式中操作。更特定来说,当龙头10'处于处理模式时,第一电操作阀60打开而第二电操作阀156不打开。相反,当龙头10'处于非处理模式时,第二电操作阀156打开而第一电操作阀60不打开。
参见图8到11,水处理组合件50'进一步包含入口水路64'和出口水路66'。如下文进一步详细描述,出口水路66'包含水路管162且流体耦合到出口管30。说明性入口水路64'可基本上垂直于出口水路66',且流体耦合到水处理装置58'和冷水入口管28'的第二部分28b'。入口水路64'界定处理流路径302(图17A和17B),其中来自冷水供应8的冷水绕过第二电操作阀156且流经水处理装置58'以便从出口2流动经处理水。
如图11所示,水处理组合件50'的入口水路64'可支撑过滤器112、流动速率传感器组合件124、热敏电阻器122以及压力补偿流量限制器200(图17A)。流量限制器200可从Neoperl公司购得,且可经配置以将流量限制于大约0.5加仑/分钟的最大速率。
过滤器112可定位于水处理组合件50'的入口水路64'内以从水移除杂质和其它颗粒物质。由此,过滤器112可改善水的质量。过滤器112还可增加水的均匀性。另外,流动速率传感器组合件124可定位于入口水路64'内。说明性地,流动速率传感器组合件124在过滤器112下游,且包含涡轮机126和霍尔效应传感器128(图9和10)。热敏电阻器122由热敏电阻器固定器123和入口水路64'上的支撑部件160支撑,且容纳于孔口194内(图12)。流动速率传感器组合件124和热敏电阻器122电耦合到控制器136(图7)。更特定来说,流动速率传感器组合件124和热敏电阻器122经由印刷电路板56电耦合到控制器136。
印刷电路板56和控制器136还电耦合到第一电操作阀60。参见图9到11,第一电操作阀60支撑在阀腔76内且基本上垂直于入口水路64'和水路管162延伸。如图11所示,扣件176将第一电操作阀60固定在阀腔76内。第一电操作阀60可为用于将能量转换为线性运动的机电阀,说明性地为螺线管阀。如上文详细描述,第一电操作阀60包含磁性部分78、活塞80和阀部件82。更具体来说,活塞80定位于磁性部分78内,且阀部件82与磁性部分78间隔开。阀部件82的第一侧82a由磁性材料(例如,金属)构成,且阀部件82的第二侧82b由不导电密封材料(例如,橡胶)构成。第一电操作阀60电耦合到外部电源146(例如,使用龙头10'的房屋、建筑物或其它结构的电***)(图7)。
第一电操作阀60进一步包含位于磁性部分78内的弹簧机构275(图11),使得活塞80朝向闭合位置弹簧偏置。换句话说,如图12所示,第一电操作阀60在无电力供应到其时闭合,且活塞80可从磁性部分78延伸以便接触阀部件82的第一侧82a且朝向阀座83(图12和13)推动阀部件82。由此,阀部件82的第二侧82b与阀座83密封地接合以防止水流入处理腔84。
如图13所示,为了打开第一电操作阀60,在龙头10'正操作时将电压施加到磁性部分78以沿着活塞80形成磁场。所述磁场致使活塞80在磁性部分78内滑动或缩回以打开或致动第一电操作阀60。当第一电操作阀60处于打开位置中时,活塞80在磁性部分78内缩回且压缩弹簧机构275(图11)。由此,当第一电操作阀60正在操作时,活塞80与阀部件82间隔开,进而允许入口水路64'中的水的水压在阀腔76中产生压力差,且推动阀部件82远离阀座83且朝向活塞80和磁性部分78。在操作期间,第一电操作阀60可产生热且因此,散热器114可耦合到电路板56且定位于第一电操作阀60附近。盖部件54b'可包含邻近于散热器114的狭缝116以排放由第一电操作阀60产生的热。
如图13所示,处理腔84可通过壁106与阀腔76分离。更特定来说,水处理外壳54'的壁106定位于处理腔84和阀腔76的中间。壁106包含开口108,其调节且控制在阀腔76与处理腔84之间流动的水。任选地,具有至少一个开口或窗的间隔件(未图示)可定位于套管90与壁106之间,以便进一步调节且控制在阀腔76与处理腔84之间流动的水体积。由此,开口108控制且调节流经水处理装置58'的水的体积。
参见图9到11,处理腔84在其中以可移除方式支撑水处理装置58'。说明性水处理装置58可为过滤器装置、抗菌装置或经配置以处理龙头10'内的流体的任何其它装置。抗菌装置经配置以杀死或抑制例如食品中或无生命表面或手上的细菌生长(参见http://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/StudentsTeachers/ScienceandTheFoodSupply/ucm215830.htm)。说明性地,抗菌装置可使用化学处理(例如,氯)、添加剂、臭氧、UV和其它已知方法来杀死或抑制细菌生长。
说明性地,水处理装置58'是抗菌臭氧产生器,其经配置以将臭氧输出到水中。水处理装置58'定位于出口管30的上游,且容纳于套管90内。处理腔84的螺纹端96以螺旋方式耦合到帽98(例如,螺母)以将套管90和水处理装置58'固定在处理腔84内。更特定来说,帽98直接耦合到套管90或与套管一体形成,使得当帽98从水处理组合件50'移除时,套管90和水处理装置58'也从水处理组合件50'移除。举例来说,图14到16展示套管90包含弹性部件,说明性地为扳机状指91,以及用以将帽98固定在套管90上的台肩93。如图16所示,帽98的唇缘99定位于套管90的扳机状指91和台肩93的中间,且帽98在耦合到套管90时接触台肩93。帽98由扳机状指91和台肩93轴向地固定,但自由地旋转以便以螺旋方式与处理腔84耦合。可包含密封部件102(说明性地为o形环)以密封处理腔84。通过经由套管90将帽98和水处理装置58'耦合在一起,龙头10'的组装和可维护性增加。另外,在组装期间,帽98将水处理装置58'紧固于处理腔84内。更特定来说,水处理装置58'可定位于处理腔84内,且在帽98螺旋到处理腔84上时,帽98压抵扳机状指91且接触台肩93。当帽98的唇缘99接触台肩93时扳机状指91随后向外弹动或移动以便将帽98固定在套管90上。在帽98进一步螺旋到处理腔84上时,套管90和水处理装置58'紧固于处理腔84内且向内朝向第一电操作阀60移动。
水处理装置58'说明性地包含第一和第二通道118a和118b、丸体59'和电线92。说明性地,第一和第二通道118a、118b基本上彼此平行且丸体59'可在通道118a、118b的中间。如图15和16所示,丸体59'在套管90上在与肋或分隔器119平行的方向上延伸。肋119使从通道118a和118b流动的经处理水分离达较长持续时间,以便增加在从通道118a、118b流动的水中产生的臭氧浓度。举例来说,从通道118a流动的经臭氧化水与在方向150A上流动的水(图4A)混合,但通过肋119与从通道118b流动的水分离。由此,肋119可增加水中的臭氧浓度,因为在水混合且退出处理腔84之前臭氧有较多时间来吸收到水中,如本文进一步详细描述。
水处理装置58'是经配置以在压力下产生臭氧的电解臭氧产生器,然而,水处理装置58'可经配置以通过其它方法产生臭氧(例如,电晕放电或“热火花”、等离子、UV)。水处理装置58'的说明性实施例使用经由外部电源(图7)供应到电线92且传输到水处理装置58'的丸体59'的电流以便产生臭氧。示范性水处理装置58'可从EOI电解臭氧公司或Klaris公司购得。供应到电线92的电流保持恒定(例如,1.25安培),然而电压可为可变的(例如,14到24伏特)。更特定来说,通过维持恒定电流,水处理装置58'接收恒定电力输入,进而允许水处理装置58'连续运转。举例来说,当水处理装置58'产生臭氧时,固定电流维持臭氧的连续输出,其增加臭氧产生且因此增加水中的臭氧浓度。电压是可变的,且波动以取决于龙头10'的需求而对水处理装置58'供应必要的电压。
控制器136(图7)可经配置以确定供应到水处理装置58'的电流何时不维持在恒定预定水平(例如,1.25安培)。控制器136经配置以发信号通知用户水处理装置58'例如由于矿物积累而不在有效地操作或应当更换。举例来说,控制器136可经配置以基于用户输入134闪红光和白光,且当必须更换水处理装置58'时和/或当水处理装置58未有效地产生臭氧化或经臭氧处理的水时防止水处理装置58'操作。如果水处理装置58'不在有效操作,那么控制器136还可经配置以逆反或颠倒电流以便清洁水处理装置58'。另外,控制器136也可向用户指示水处理装置58'应更换。示范性水处理装置58'可经配置以在通常操作大约10分钟/日时具有至少大约两年的运行寿命。
因为水处理装置58'定位于水槽台5下方,所以准许足够时间使臭氧由出口管30的第二部分30b中的水吸收,之后从出口2传输经臭氧处理的水。举例来说,出口管30的长度可约为36英寸,以便允许臭氧充分溶解或吸收于水中,之后到达出口2。由此,在水在出口管30的第二部分30b中朝向出口2流动时,臭氧浓度可增加。另外,龙头10'可包含吸气器(未图示)以促进水的处理。
当水经配置以流经水处理装置58'时,如图13所示,水在包含阀腔76、处理腔84和通道118a、118b的水通路110'中流动。水通路110'在入口水路64'与出口水路66'之间以及阀腔76与处理腔84之间延伸。说明性水通路110'具有基本上蜿蜒形状以便缩短水通路110'。更特定来说,水通路110'基本上水平通过入口水路64',且在水在阀腔76与处理腔84之间在基本上垂直方向上流动时包含基本上直角弯曲。说明性地,水通路110'在阀腔76之间延伸,通过壁106中的开口108,且延伸到处理腔84中。水通路110'在处理腔84中包含另一基本上直角弯曲,且朝向水路管162延伸。水通路110'的配置还增加水通过水处理装置58'的流路径,其可增加吸收到水中的臭氧量。
在水在阀腔76与处理腔84之间的水通路110'中流动时,水经分离使得水的一部分流经水处理装置58'且水的一部分侧面流经通道118a、118b。侧面流动的水说明性地由箭头150A表示(图4A),且因此绕过水处理装置58'。侧面流动的水150A可最小化水处理外壳54'内的压降。流经水处理装置58'的水说明性地由箭头150B表示(图4A),且可例如用臭氧处理。如图4A所示,箭头150A和150B指示流经水处理装置58'的经处理水(图13)与在水处理装置58'周围流动的未经处理水基本上同轴。由此,当龙头10'处于处理模式中时,经处理和未经处理水在通过处理腔84的基本上同轴布置中同时流动。水处理装置58'经配置以从在箭头150B的方向上流动(即,流经水处理装置58')的水产生臭氧(O3)。通过分离通道118a和118b与丸体59'上的肋119,在处理腔84中氧可与氢分离达较长持续时间且可更好地能够形成臭氧。因此,丸体59'的配置和结构可增加由水处理装置58'产生的臭氧浓度。
参见图9、10和12,水处理装置58'通过水路管162流体耦合到水处理组合件50'的出口水路66'。出口水路66'还流体耦合到出口管30且更特定来说,出口管30的第一部分30a耦合到出口水路66'的第一端66a'以界定非处理流路径300(图17A和17B),其中用户可经由把手34控制水的温度、流动速率和其它特性且流动到出口2的水绕过水处理装置58'。出口水路66'进一步包含第二端66b',其流体耦合到出口管30的第二部分30b。第一端66a'和第二端66b'可包含密封部件174(说明性地为o形环),用于防止出口水路66'与出口管30之间的漏水。如图12和13所示,出口水路66'支撑温度传感器,说明性地为热敏电阻器188和热敏电阻器固定器190。热敏电阻器188容纳在出口水路66'的孔口192内。说明性地,热敏电阻器188在第二电操作阀156的下游且经配置以与控制器136电连通以便确定水的温度。
出口水路66'进一步包含第三端66c',其经配置以容纳水路管162。水路管162在第一电操作阀60与出口水路66'之间延伸。水路管162可包含密封部件164(说明性地为o形环),用于防止水路管162与出口水路66'的第三端66c'之间的漏水。水路管162由通道部件166支撑,其包含邻近于处理腔84的第一端168以及邻近于出口水路66'的第三端66c'的第二端170。通道部件166进一步包含突片172,用于组装或拆卸通道部件166与水路管162。
出口水路66'还支撑第二电操作阀156。类似于第一电操作阀60,第二电操作阀156包含磁性部分178、活塞180和阀部件182,所述阀部件具有由磁性材料构成的第一侧182a和由不导电密封材料构成的第二侧182b,如图12和13所示。第二电操作阀支撑于阀腔184内且通过扣件185固定在其中。第二电操作阀156经配置以在开放位置与闭合位置之间移动。可包含类似于弹簧机构275(图11)的弹簧机构(未图示)以朝向阀部件182偏置活塞180,使得活塞180接触阀部件182的第一侧182a。由此,第二电操作阀156在闭合位置中偏置。换句话说,如图13所示,第二电操作阀156在无电力供应到其时闭合,且活塞180可从磁性部分178延伸以便接触阀部件182的第一侧182a且朝向阀座196(图12和13)推动阀部件182。由此,阀部件182的第二侧182b与阀座196密封地接合以防止水流入出口管30的第二部分30b中。
如图12所示,为了打开第二电操作阀156,在龙头10'正操作时将电压施加到磁性部分178以沿着活塞180形成磁场。所述磁场致使活塞180在磁性部分178内滑动或缩回以便打开或致动第二电操作阀156。当第二电操作阀156处于打开位置中时,活塞180在磁性部分178内缩回且压缩弹簧机构275(图11)。由此,当第二电操作阀156正在操作时,活塞180与阀部件182间隔开,进而允许出口水路66'的第一端66a'中的水的水压在阀腔184中产生压力差,且推动阀部件182远离阀座196且朝向活塞180和磁性部分178。由此,来自阀组合件20的水流经第二电操作阀156且进入出口管30的第二部分30b。第二部分30b中的水从龙头10'在出口2处分配,且未由水处理装置58'处理。
然而,当用户希望从龙头10'分配经处理水(例如经臭氧化的水)时,第二电操作阀156闭合且水仅流经第一电操作阀60。当龙头10'经配置以使水流经水处理装置58'时,出口2处的经臭氧处理的水优选用作消毒剂以用于消毒或清洁应用或目的。另外,经臭氧处理的水可用以对饮用水进行消毒。更特定来说,在溶解于水中的臭氧被破坏或另外销毁之前,水中的臭氧主动地杀死或抑制水中的细菌的生长。或者,如果溶解于水中的臭氧被破坏,那么经臭氧处理的水保持经消毒或清洁,然而,水中的臭氧不再主动地杀死或抑制细菌的生长。
出口水路66'可进一步包含过滤器113(图17A和17B)。举例来说,过滤器113可支撑在第二端66b'处以及第二电操作阀156和水处理装置58'的下游。或者,过滤器113可支撑在出口管30的第二部分30b中。过滤器113可经配置以通过移除杂质或其它颗粒而进一步改善水的质量。另外,过滤器113可例如为炭黑过滤器,可经配置以破坏或销毁出口管30的第二部分30b中的水中的臭氧。由此,出口管30的第二部分30b中的水是用臭氧处理,且在从出口2传输时经消毒或清洁。然而,当水中的臭氧由过滤器113破坏时,从出口2传输的水不再主动地对与水接触的对象进行消毒。控制器136可以可操作方式耦合到过滤器113以控制过滤器113的操作和/或通过过滤器113的水的流动(即,通过旁路阀)。由此,用户可选择性地操作过滤器113以便产生用于特定清洁水应用的消毒水(例如,饮用)和用于其它水应用的消毒水(例如,清洁)。
龙头10'可包含质量传感器144(图7)以测量经臭氧化水的氧化还原势(“ORP”)和/或脱氧率,进而监视水处理装置58'的有效性。举例来说,在正常操作下,龙头10'经配置以当水以约0.75加仑/分钟流动且水的温度为约70°F或更低时分配具有至少约0.3ppm浓度的经臭氧化水。另外,龙头10'可经配置以当水的流动速率为约0.5到1.0加仑/分钟且水的温度为约70°F或更低时在硬表面上的约60秒暴露时间内针对某些细菌和病毒实现至少约3log CFU的脱氧率。
参见图7和8,控制器136可接收来自传感器的输入、用户输入134,或用以控制水处理装置58'的操作的其它输入。说明性地,用户输入134是支座36上的机械按钮。或者,用户输入134可为由电容式传感器、IR传感器、声传感器和其它传感器实施的触摸或接近传感器。控制器136电控制水处理装置58'的操作,且可包含定时器或时钟142以在预定长度的操作时间之后断开水处理装置58'和/或龙头10'。举例来说,控制器136可经配置以在四个连续分钟的操作之后断开龙头10'以便防止水槽盆1中的潜在溢流条件。另外,控制器136可经配置以在三个连续分钟的操作之后断开水处理装置58'以便防止不合意的脱气。而且,时钟142可记录水处理装置58'在预定周期内已操作的累计时间量。举例来说,当水处理装置58'在60分钟周期内累计地操作约15分钟时,时钟142可将信号发送到控制器136。响应于此,控制器136可防止水处理装置58'操作,直到水处理装置58'已经不活动达预定时间。
另外,时钟142可经配置为水处理保持定时器。更特定来说,控制器136可与时钟142协作以在用户意外地撞击或敲击喷口12从而意外地断开水时继续水处理装置58'的操作。举例来说,当水从出口2流动且用户输入134被激活时,控制器136激活水处理装置58'以从出口2传输经处理水。然而,如果在水处理装置58'正在操作时用户意外地撞击或敲击喷口12,进而断开水,且随后在预定时间周期内再次敲击喷口12,那么水将接通且经处理水将继续从出口2流动。由此,在喷口12接收到敲击而断开水之后,控制器136继续水处理装置58'的操作达预定时间(例如,30秒)。如果用户在预定时间周期内未敲击喷口12以再次接通水,进而指示用户并未意外地断开水,那么控制器136将停止水处理装置58'的操作。可了解到,控制器136可在用于控制龙头10的操作的喷口12上的敲击与用于调整喷口12的位置的喷口12上的抓握之间进行区分。特定来说,喷口12经配置以转动或旋转,且用户可调整喷口12的位置而无需接通/断开水。
龙头10'还可包含显示器或其它信号指示器(未图示),其可操作地耦合到用户输入134以向用户指示水处理装置58'是否正在操作。举例来说,龙头10'可包含支座36上的发光二极管(“LED”)显示器,其可使用特定颜色来指示水处理装置58'是否在作用中(即,接通)。在本发明的其它说明性实施例中,用户输入134可为背光且照射以指示水处理装置58'正在操作。举例来说,用户输入134可带背光以在水处理装置58'正在操作时照射白光。另外,用户输入134可包含温度指示器,例如用于冷水的蓝灯和用于热水的红灯。另外,用户输入134可经配置以从红色逐渐地改变到蓝色或从蓝色逐渐地改变到红色以指示由热敏电阻器122测量的水的温度的相应减小或增加。用户输入134还可经配置以产生闪光输出以发信号通知龙头10'的其它状态。
或者,替代用户输入134来选择性地激活水处理装置58',电容式传感器138和控制器136可用以通过触摸或接近感测技术来操作水处理装置58'和/或致动第一电操作阀60。由此,电容式传感器138与控制器136结合可经配置以监视和控制第一电操作阀60和水处理装置58'两者的操作。电容式传感器138可包括免触摸接近传感器,例如耦合到喷口12的红外传感器,或触摸传感器,以用类似于颁与Sawaski等人的第2011/0253220号美国专利申请公开案中揭示的方式控制第一电操作阀60和/或水处理装置58'的激活,所述公开案的揭示内容明确地以引用方式并入本文。更特定来说,电容式传感器138还可包括耦合到喷口主体12的电极(未图示)。喷口主体12的侧壁可由导电材料(例如,金属)形成且界定电极。在其它说明性实施例中,电极可由例如金属板等单独导电元件界定。可使用任何合适的电容式传感器138,例如可从赛普拉斯半导体公司购得的CapSense电容式传感器。
来自电容式传感器138的输出传送到控制器136。更特定来说,控制器136可确定在喷口主体12上是否检测到触摸(敲击或抓握)和/或用户的手或其它对象是否在接近喷口主体12的检测区域内。举例来说,如果电容式传感器138正在以触摸传感器操作,当在喷口主体12上检测到触摸时,控制器136在实施龙头10'的不同功能之前确定触摸方式(触摸数目)。控制器136可确定在喷口主体12上检测到单次敲击,进而指示例如应当断开第一电操作阀60。或者,控制器136可确定在预定时间周期内(例如,一秒)在喷口主体12上检测到两次敲击(双击),进而指示例如应当接通第一电操作阀60和水处理装置58'。
水中的臭氧的浓度且因此水处理装置58'的有效性可受到水的参数或特性影响,例如流动速率、温度、出口2处的流动模式,以及供应到水处理装置58'的电力量。用户输入134可经配置以在参数或特性中的任一者不足以或不合意用于水处理装置58'的操作时闪烁白光。由此,控制器136响应于由热敏电阻器122和流动速率传感器组合件124、电力传感器140、质量传感器144和模式传感器120发送的信号监视和控制水处理装置58'的操作。示范性龙头10'可针对至少约0.3ppm的臭氧浓度而配置。
电力传感器140监视可用于第一电操作阀60、第二电操作阀156和水处理装置58'的电力。举例来说,电力传感器140可经配置以确定水处理装置58'中的电流水平。更特定来说,如果电流低于预定量,那么水处理装置58'可不产生臭氧。如上文详细描述,低臭氧浓度降低水处理装置58'的有效性。因此,如果在供应到水处理装置58'的电流低于预定最小水平时接通水处理装置58',那么控制器136将防止水处理装置58'操作以便防止对水处理装置58'的损坏。用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58尚未激活。
控制器136还可与辅助或备用电源通信,说明性地为电池130,其在外部耦合到水处理外壳54'且电耦合到第一和第二电操作阀60和156。如果外部电源146失去电力,那么可防止龙头10'操作。然而,电池130或其它辅助电力***可在电力失去的情况下将电提供到龙头10'。电池130说明性地为具有至少约五年的运行寿命的qV电池。电池130经配置以在持续电力失去的情况下在非处理模式中对龙头10'供电多达六个月。用户输入134可经配置以间歇地闪烁红光以指示电池130应更换。可了解,可在不进入水处理外壳54'的情况下更换电池130,因为电池130耦合到水处理外壳54'的外部。
另外,如图11所示,热敏电阻器122在水处理装置58'的上游,使得从入口水路64'流动的水在流动到水处理装置58'之前流经热敏电阻器122。水的温度与水中的臭氧浓度成反比例相关,且特定来说,在水的温度增加时,水中的臭氧浓度可由于不合意的脱气而减小。当控制器136接收到来自热敏电阻器122的大于预定最大温度(例如,85°F)的温度测量值达预定时间长度,使得水的温度将相反地影响水中的臭氧浓度时,控制器136可防止水处理装置58'操作。另外,如果水的温度周期性地大于第二预定温度(例如,约120°F),那么不合意的脱气也可发生,且控制器136可防止水处理装置58'操作。如果当水温度等于或大于预定最大温度时激活水处理装置58',那么用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58'尚未接通。举例来说,用户输入134可以闪烁的白光照射以指示水的温度不在水处理装置58'的操作范围内。
类似地,且如图11中所示,水的流动速率可影响水中的臭氧浓度,且因此影响水处理装置58'的有效性。说明性地,流动速率的预定操作范围可约为0.01-2.5加仑/分钟。最大流动速率可由压力补偿流量限制器200(图17A)控制。或者,如图17B所示,水处理组合件50'中可包含第二流量限制器202。说明性地,第二流量限制器202在出口管30内且在热敏电阻器122与第二电操作阀156的中间。当水的流动速率较低时(即,小于约0.25加仑/分钟),不合意的脱气可能发生。另外,当水的流动速率较高时(例如,大于约1.0加仑/分钟),可不利地影响水中的臭氧浓度(即,浓度可过低),进而也降低水处理装置58'的有效性。用户输入134可以闪烁的白光照射以指示水的流动速率不在水处理装置58'的操作范围内。
在某些说明性实施例中,控制器136可以可操作地耦合到流动速率传感器组合件124和水处理装置58',以便相对于流动速率成比例地调整臭氧输出或臭氧浓度。举例来说,在用户或流量限制器200减小通过龙头10的水的流量时,可调整臭氧的浓度,因为臭氧浓度取决于流动速率。说明性龙头10'经配置以将由脱气引起的空中臭氧限于在八小时时间加权平均期间的约0.05ppm、在15分钟时间加权平均期间的0.2ppm,和在峰值暴露期间的0.5ppm。
出口2处的水的流动模式或其变体也可影响水中的臭氧浓度。更特定来说,水的湍流与水中的臭氧的浓度成反比例相关。在水的湍流增加时,水中的臭氧的浓度可减小。如上文详细描述,当与喷射模式相比时,流模式产生出口2处的水的较多层流且较少湍流的流动。另外,当充气器产生层流时水较少湍流。由此,模式传感器120可将信号发送到控制器136以当喷头15处于喷射模式时或当充气器处于充气模式时防止水处理装置58'操作。如果当喷头15处于例如喷射模式时接通水处理装置58',那么控制器136可防止水处理装置58'操作,且用户输入134可向用户指示水处理装置58'尚未激活。或者,控制器136可发送信号以改变喷头15的模式以产生层流。另外,龙头10'可以手动凌驾选项来配置,进而允许用户在出口2处的水为湍流时继续在处理模式中使用龙头10'。
在替代实施例中,控制器136和/或用户可控制水处理装置58'的操作以相对于流动速率、水的温度、到水处理装置58'的电流或电力供应和/或水的特性或组成成比例地增加或减小臭氧的产生(例如,如果水在进入水处理装置58'之前已经过滤或另外处理,那么可调整输出到水的臭氧的浓度)。特定来说,水处理装置58'的丸体59'可由控制器136操作以优化臭氧的产生,使得还基于检测到的水的流动速率和温度来优化吸收到水中的臭氧浓度。另外,可调整水中的臭氧的浓度以保存水处理装置58'(例如,减少水处理装置58'的输出以使得水可部分地臭氧化以便保存水处理装置58')。例如拨盘传感器、滑块传感器或其它类似输入等用户输入可用以允许用户将臭氧浓度正向调整到特定浓度。
如图18A和18B中所示,说明性实施例龙头10'可根据以下实例操作。当第一和第二电操作阀60和156闭合时,龙头10'断开且不操作(即,水不流经出口2),如框212中所示且界定为条件A(框210)。当龙头10'断开且在条件A中时,水处理装置58'也断开,如框212中所示。如框214中所示,如果当龙头10'断开时用户两次触摸龙头10',那么龙头10'保持断开且不操作。
如框220中所示,单次敲击可通过电容式传感器138激活第二电操作阀156,使得第二电操作阀156打开。然而,如框220中所示,第一电操作阀60保持闭合且水处理装置58'保持断开。因此,未经处理水流经非处理流路径300且从出口2流动。更特定来说,龙头10'可经配置以在图12所示的非处理模式中启动,其中来自热水和/或冷水供应6、8的水在从出口2流动之前流经第二电操作阀156和阀组合件20。通过触摸或敲击喷口12激活电容式传感器138、手动地移动把手34和/或另外激活用户输入134和/或龙头10'上的其它传感器可在非处理模式中接通龙头10'。通过移动把手34可调整水的温度和流动速率。如果用户调整把手34的位置以指示需要热水和冷水两者,那么从热水供应6流动的水朝向阀组合件20流经热水入口管26。类似地,来自冷水供应8的水流入冷水入口管28'的第一部分28a'中,通过T部件152,进入冷水入口管28'的第三部分28c',且朝向阀组合件20。冷水可流入冷水入口管28'的第二部分28b'中,然而,当龙头10'处于非操作模式中时第一电操作阀60闭合且因此,防止水流入第一电操作阀60。由此,当龙头10'处于非处理模式中时(图17A)来自冷水供应8的水绕过第一电操作阀60和水处理装置58'。当热水和冷水两者流入阀组合件20中时,水在阀体32中混合以便输出由用户通过移动把手34选择的所需温度下的水。混合水随后流经出口管30的第一部分30a、通过出口水路66'且通过出口管30的第二部分30b,以便流经喷口12且从出口2流动。可了解,当龙头10'处于非处理模式时,第一电操作阀60闭合且不激活水处理装置58'。由此且如图17A和17B所示,绕过了第一电操作阀60和水处理装置58'两者(即,水不流经其中)。可以蓝光照射用户输入134以指示龙头10'在非处理模式中操作。如图18A所示,如框228中所示的单次敲击随后可闭合第二电操作阀156且使龙头10'返回到条件A(框230)(即,断开龙头10')。
再次参见图18A和18B,如框232中所示的双击可激活第一电操作阀60和水处理装置58',使得以臭氧处理出口2处的水。更特定来说,如框234中所示,两次触摸起始条件C,其中第二电操作阀156闭合,第一电操作阀60打开,且接通水处理装置58'。如图13所示,当龙头10'处于条件C中所示的处理模式中时,第二电操作阀156闭合(即,阀部件182与阀座196接触),且因此热水不流动到喷口12。另外,因为第二电操作阀156闭合,所以冷水入口管28'的第三部分28c'中的任何冷水不流经第二电操作阀156或喷口12。可了解,当龙头10'处于处理模式时,龙头10'的操作与把手34无关。由此,当在处理模式中时用户可调整把手34而不影响龙头10'的操作。
参见图13,当在处理模式中时,来自冷水供应8的冷水流入冷水入口管28'的第一部分28a'中,通过T部件152的第二部分152b,且进入水处理组合件50'的入口水路64'。第一电操作阀60打开以使得阀部件82与阀座83间隔开以允许水流经水通路110'且进入阀腔84。可以白光照射用户输入134以指示龙头10'在处理模式中操作。
在水流经入口水路64'时,控制器136通过流动速率传感器组合件124确定流动速率是否在操作范围内,且同样通过热敏电阻器122确定水的温度是否低于预定最大温度。另外,控制器136确定出口2处的流动模式是否界定流,且电力是否可用于水处理装置58'。如果流量在操作范围内,水的温度低于预定最大温度,流动模式为流,且电力可用,那么控制器136将激活水处理装置58'。由此,且参见图13,将电力供应到水处理装置58',尤其是丸体59'。在水从阀腔76流动且进入处理腔84时,水的侧面流动的部分围绕水处理装置58'在方向150A上流动(图4A),且水的一部分在方向150B上(图4A)流经水处理装置58'。当水流经水处理装置58'时,产生臭氧。经臭氧化水从水处理装置58'流动且与未经臭氧化的侧面流动的水混合且流入水路管162,通过出口水路66'的第二端66b',通过出口管30的第二部分30b,通过喷口12,且从出口2流动。由此,当龙头10'处于处理模式中时,出口2处的水经处理且可用于消毒目的。
相反地,如果控制器136确定水的温度大于预定温度,流动速率高于或低于操作范围,出口2处的水处于喷射模式,或不足的电力可用于水处理装置58',那么当龙头10'处于处理模式时控制器136可防止水处理装置58'操作。由此,可不激活丸体59',且因此不会从流经通道118a、118b的水产生臭氧。而且可了解,如果第一电操作阀60不在操作,那么水处理装置58'将不操作。用户输入134可指示水处理装置58'不在操作。
如图18A所示,可能仅需要喷口主体12上的单次敲击(框240)来同时闭合第一电操作阀60和断开水处理装置58'。当龙头10'处于框242中指示的条件中时,可以两次触摸完全断开龙头10',如框244中所示,使得龙头10'返回到条件A(框246)。然而,控制器136可继续检测输入达预定时间量(例如,30秒)以便确定用户是否正向断开龙头10'或用户是否意外地敲击龙头10'而不希望断开龙头10'。如果用户在预定时间量之后未敲击龙头10',那么龙头10'返回到条件A,如框248中所示。然而,如果在预定时间量内用户输入单次触摸而不是两次触摸,如框250中所示,那么龙头10'返回到条件C(框252)。
当在条件C中时(框234),用户可两次触摸龙头10'以打开第二电操作阀156,闭合第一电操作阀60,且断开水处理装置58',界定为条件B(框260)。当在条件B中时(框260),如框266中所示的用户的另一两次触摸配置在条件C中的龙头10'(框268)。或者,如果用户输入134用以选择性地指示需要处理模式,那么在条件C中配置龙头10'(框272)。然而,如框262中所示的用户的单次触摸配置在条件A中的龙头10'(框264)。
当在条件C中时(框234),如框236中所示用户可激活用户输入134以使龙头10'返回到条件B(框238)。类似地,当在其中第二电操作阀156打开、第一电操作阀60闭合且水处理装置58'闭合(框222)的条件B中时,用户可如框224中所示激活用户输入134以在非处理模式与处理模式之间转换或切换且使龙头10'返回到条件C(框226)。而且,当在条件A中时,用户可激活用户输入134以在处理模式中起始龙头10'的操作。更特定来说,当如框216中所示使用用户输入134且龙头10'处于条件A时,龙头10'立即在条件C中操作以在出口2处提供经处理水。
虽然已参考某些优选实施例详细描述了本发明,但如所附权利要求书中描述和界定,变化和修改存在于本发明的精神和范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种龙头,其包括:
喷口;
流体供应通路,其与所述喷口流体连通;
第一阀,其流体连通到所述流体供应通路和所述喷口;以及
水处理组合件,包括:
第一水处理阀,其与所述喷口流体连通;
第二水处理阀,其与所述第一水处理阀间隔开且与所述喷口流体连通;
第一流路径,其流体耦合到所述第一水处理阀;
第二流路径,其流体耦合到所述第二水处理阀;以及
抗菌装置,其流体耦合到所述第二流路径,所述龙头经配置以选择性地使流体流经所述第一流路径和所述第二流路径中的一者,且当在所述第一流路径中时,所述流体与所述抗菌装置成间隔关系流经所述第一水处理阀,且当在所述第二流路径中时,所述流体流经所述第二水处理阀和所述抗菌装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的龙头,其中所述抗菌装置是电解臭氧产生器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的龙头,其中所述第二水处理阀是电操作阀。
4.根据权利要求3所述的龙头,其进一步包括与所述第一水处理阀流体连通的第三水处理阀,其中所述第一水处理阀和所述第三水处理阀中的一者是电操作阀且所述第一水处理阀和所述第三水处理阀中的另一者是手动阀。
5.根据权利要求1所述的龙头,其进一步包括以可移除方式耦合到所述喷口的拉出喷头。
6.根据权利要求1所述的龙头,其进一步包括可操作地耦合到所述抗菌装置的电容式传感器。
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BR112014013734A8 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
CA3085086C (en) | 2023-08-08 |
CA3202964A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
US10947138B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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CA2856196C (en) | 2020-09-01 |
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