CN103430732A - Konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method - Google Patents
Konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103430732A CN103430732A CN2013103274155A CN201310327415A CN103430732A CN 103430732 A CN103430732 A CN 103430732A CN 2013103274155 A CN2013103274155 A CN 2013103274155A CN 201310327415 A CN201310327415 A CN 201310327415A CN 103430732 A CN103430732 A CN 103430732A
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Abstract
The invention provides a konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method, which comprises the steps that ridges and belts are made in a selected land plot according to width of 4.5-5 chi (chi is a unit of length and one chi is equal to 1/3 meter) to form a reserved line; konjak is planted on one side of the reserved line, high-stalk crops such as sunflowers, corns and sesame are planted in the other side of the reserved line and then wheat, rape or leguminous crops are planted in belts in which the konjak is planted; and when the konjak is harvested, konjak with big bulbs with weight above 450g and damaged konjak are sold as commodities, konjak with small bulbs with weight below 350g and konjak tubers are used as seed konjak and are locally and nearby planted in belts in which other crops (which have been harvested) are planted on the other side of the reserved lines. By adopting a local and nearby crop-rotation interplanting cultivation technique, the disease incidence rate of konjak can be decreased, the labor intensity is reduced and the good harvest of both konjak and other crops is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the proportion of crop planting field, relate in particular to a kind of konjaku interplanting change of crops cultivation method.
Background technology
Konjaku is a kind of efficient crops, and peasant programme is had to apparent induced effect, and its characteristic that has become the first-selection in territory, normal region increases income project.The exploitation of current konjaku has been extended to medicine, chemical industry, weaving, printing and dyeing and oil field from single food applications, and its purposes is wide, potentiality to be exploited is large, market prospects are good, is referred to as the rising industry of new century.
But the popularization along with artificial cultivation technique and large-scale planting; variation has occurred in original growing environment; konjaku kind sexual involution, disease resistance ability weaken, yield reducation; the even total crop failure had; taro agriculture loss is larger; and the disease underproduction is the trend increased year by year, directly affected peasant's plantation enthusiasm.For this reason, prevent and treat, capture konjak soft rot, become when a previous global difficult problem.The research of the current cropping pattern about konjaku and agronomic technique aspect is more, also accumulated certain experience in practice, try hard to recommend the preventive measure such as Healthy culture, comprehensive agronomy, forbid the konjaku continuous cropping, mostly adopt crop rotation, spacing sleeve cropping technology, with this, reduce the harmful bacteria radix, promote konjaku self resistance, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, realize high yield.As mentioned a kind of elephant-foot yam high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology in disclosed CN102986399A patent of invention on March 27th, 2013, its main technical schemes is: the furrow of ditching on plot, plantation 3 row konjakus on 180 centimeters banding patterns, utilize emerge two batches of seedling dishes of space plantation of mid-March～early June of konjaku, and interplant two row corns on the furrow both sides, a line sponge gourd is that konjaku shelters from heat or light, strengthen the extermination of disease and insect pest, with this, realize unit are konjaku plantation high-yield and high-efficiency.
Production practices are known, general same plot is continuously after 3 years konjakus of plantation, plant again in the plot that the peasant will more renew, add that konjaku is again the significant crop of a kind of provincial characteristics, soil property is required to comparatively harshness, cause selectively piece " limited ", in addition, change crops and in a disguised form increase and suffered labour intensity and cost again with changing, and easily cause kind of a taro damage in handling process, increased the risk of damage by disease and insect.
Summary of the invention
For the incidence of disease that reduces konjaku, alleviate the labour intensity in change of crops process, realize the purpose of its volume increase good harvest, the present invention is special proposes a kind of konjaku interplanting change of crops cultivation method.
For this reason, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of konjaku interplanting change of crops cultivation method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) play the ridge culture band: the specification by 4.5～5 chi width on the plot of choosing plays the ridge culture band, forms one " reserved row ";
2) compound interplanting: one side of something kind konjaku of described " reserved row ", other half of other crops of plantation, then (the sowing while gathering in the crops October due to konjaku of wheat or rape or legume will be sowed again on the konjaku band of having planted, early June emerges, and during sowing, the degree of depth is 15～20 centimetres, after planting, konjaku band top grow wheat or rape or leguminous plant, because it is planted in top layer, can not hurt konjaku, season, just in time, when wheat or rape results, konjaku was just emerged, crops for rotation are reasonable, and both sides are independent of each other);
3) the wheel band is changed crops: receive while digging konjaku, large bulb more than 450 grams and have damaged konjaku to sell as the commodity taro, below 350 grams, sprout is fresh and complete without damaged, epidermis is smooth, profile is proper, without scab, without rotten bottom set and konjaku whip as kind of a taro, be seeded into other crops that " reserved row " other one side of something gathered in the crops locally and be with.
In step 1), described plot is the sand that quality is light, content of organics is high.
Step 2) in, described other crops are the high-stem plants such as sunflower, corn, sesame, during plantation, to exchange year by year, kind changes crops, cover is in 4 months period, the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period to May, specification is to plant 1 row sunflower or 2 row corns or 3 row sesames in every half " reserved row "; Described legume is precocious, anti-fall kind, and as pea, cowpea, kidney bean etc., and the crops of planting on the konjaku band also will accomplish to change crops year by year, make annual kind difference.
In step 3), described konjaku seedtime will carry out in conjunction with its receipts time of digging, and was generally before and after the Frost's Descent in 10 months, between the last ten-days period to early November.
Beneficial effect:
The invention has the advantages that: one is carried out " reserved row " cropping pattern, take full advantage of the difference of solid space and crops crops for rotation time and illumination demand, increase the multiple index of replaying and planting, reduced the incidence of disease of konjaku, realize the bumper harvests of konjaku and other crops; It two adopts locally and changes crops, and can reduce labor intensity, and accomplishes that land used increases soil fertility simultaneously, realizes planting the purpose of konjaku on same plot every year.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
1) with: play railway carriage or compartment by the specification of one of 4.5 chi " reserved row " and be with;
2) sterilization: to railway carriage or compartment face disinfecting soil, embroider peaceful 0.5 kilogram, the ratio of agricultural streptomycin 2 bags (12 every bag of gram) in 25 kilograms of every mu of quicklimes, 0.75 kilogram of fenaminosulf, powder and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields;
3) seed selection: select without damaged, without scab, without rotting, eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance just, epidermis is smooth, the konjak corm that weighs 150～250 grams is done kind of a taro;
4) cover is broadcast: the late October sowing, first at the one side of something of " reserved row ", open 2 seed furrows, and 35 centimeters of line-spacings, will plant taro and put into seed furrow, 30 centimeters of spacing in the rows, 3000 strains of every mu of sowing taro; Plant taro after planting at 2～3 cun thick fine earths of its surface cover one deck, then fertilising, accomplish seed manure isolated (every mu applies 750 kilograms of fertilizer special for konjak); Finally, uniform broadcasting wheat on the konjaku band of having planted, lid layer fine earth then, wheat is lost no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil and is spread fertilizer over the fields composite fertilizer after emerging;
5) weeding: before and after early Febuary next year, select the spraying of wheat herbicides special;
6) intercropping: in 4 months next years, the last ten-days period, at the another one side of something (by wheat) of " reserved row ", sow 2 row corns, 40 centimeters of line-spacings, 30 centimeters of spacing in the rows;
7) toothing: results when at the beginning of late May to 6 next year month, wheat is ripe, now there is fragmentary konjaku to start to emerge on the ground, during the wheat harvesting, prevention is damaged to taro seedling, 20 centimeters left and right of wheat toothing; Before and after late August in the same year, after the ripe results of corn, corn straw wouldn't be cut receipts, is the konjaku sunshade, remains into mid or late September to cut and cut again;
8) change crops: before and after late October, konjaku starts receipts and digs, now select the above large bulb of 500 grams and have damaged bottom set to do the commodity taro to sell, by below 350 grams, sprout fresh, complete without damaged, external form is rectified, epidermis is smooth, without rotten bottom set and konjaku whip, do to plant a taro, be seeded into smoothly on the plot of planting corn, reach " left and right " wheel band, locally change crops; Konjaku after planting, moves sowing one deck rape in the above.
The foregoing is only one embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
The present invention can reduce labor intensity, and reduces the konjaku incidence of disease, realizes konjaku and other crop bumper harvests, reaches konjaku and realize the purpose of changing crops nearby in same high-quality plot.Its characteristic and advantage have: the one, carry out " reserved row " plantation, and take full advantage of the difference of solid space and crops for rotation time and illumination demand, increase multiple huge profit index, realize that how ripe a season is.Sow again wheat or rape or legume on " reserved row " plantation konjaku band, reach long other crop in top layer, the effect of long konjaku at the middle and upper levels.Simultaneously, legume has the fixed nitrogen effect of improving the soil, and wheat, rape leaf cover earth's surface, can rain and snow, heat antifreeze, over wintering.The 2nd, the height Stereoscopic intercropping and interplanting, build the sunshade environment.Konjaku is short bar, ombrophyte, and the crop of a cover is mostly the high-stem plants such as sunflower, corn, can take full advantage of space, reaches between height and overlaps, and has reduced the konjaku pest and disease risk, can realize magic grain bumper harvests.The 3rd, realize locally changing crops, can reduce labor intensity, can plant konjaku in same plot simultaneously every year.Crop rotation is a kind of biology measure of combining the use of land with the nurturing of land, and very high ecological benefits and economic benefit are arranged.Receive and dig period in conjunction with konjaku, by bottom set and konjaku whip, being seeded into smoothly other half of in addition crop of " reserved row " is with, make konjaku band and the exchange on the spot of crops band of " reserved row ", " left and right " wheel band, realize locally changing crops, and prevents that the remote carrying of taro kind is injured, reduce disease and occur, realize the target of konjaku high yield.
Claims (4)
1. a konjaku is interplanted change of crops cultivation method, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) play the ridge culture band: the specification by 4.5～5 chi width on the plot of choosing plays the ridge culture band, forms one " reserved row ";
2) compound interplanting: one side of something kind konjaku of described " reserved row ", other half of other crops of plantation, then will sow again wheat or rape or legume on the konjaku band of having planted;
3) the wheel band is changed crops: receive while digging konjaku, large bulb more than 450 grams and have damaged konjaku to sell as the commodity taro, below 350 grams, sprout is fresh and complete without damaged, epidermis is smooth, profile is proper, without scab, without rotten bottom set and konjaku whip as kind of a taro, be seeded into other crops that " reserved row " other one side of something gathered in the crops locally and be with.
2. konjaku interplanting change of crops cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), and described plot is the sand that quality is light, content of organics is high.
3. konjaku according to claim 1 is interplanted change of crops cultivation method, it is characterized in that step 2) in, described other crops are the high-stem plants such as sunflower, corn, sesame, during plantation, to exchange year by year, kind changes crops, between cover be period in 4 months, the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period to May, specification is to plant 1 row sunflower or 2 row corns or 3 row sesames in every half " reserved row "; Described legume is precocious, anti-fall kind, and as pea, cowpea, kidney bean etc., and the crops of planting on the konjaku band also will change crops year by year, annual kind difference.
4. konjaku according to claim 1 interplanting change of crops cultivation method, is characterized in that in step 3), and described konjaku seedtime will carry out in conjunction with its receipts time of digging, and is generally before and after the Frost's Descent in 10 months, between the last ten-days period to early November.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104094751A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-15 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | Method for cultivating amorphophallus konjac by using wormwood |
| CN104094754A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-15 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | '121-mode' planting method of konjak ridge compartments |
| CN104285644A (en) * | 2014-10-05 | 2015-01-21 | 竹溪县泉溪益群魔芋专业合作社 | Bionic e cultivation method of lacquer tree interplant leopard palm |
| CN105075612A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 邱文娟 | Konjak and ricinus communis intercropping cultivating method |
| CN106234003A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 陈星瑞 | The stable high yield implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris |
| CN106305084A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 陈星瑞 | Disease and insect pest resisting planting method of kidney beans |
| CN108901532A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 威宁县金种魔芋专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of konjaku and pear tree interplanting |
| CN110476759A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 贵州吉丰种业有限责任公司 | A kind of interplanting method of konjaku and sunflower |
| CN110495360A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-26 | 长江大学 | A kind of wheat planting method |
| CN111201978A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-05-29 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Intercropping cultivation method for alleviating continuous cropping obstacle of konjak |
| CN111771649A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-16 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | One-year-made low-medium-altitude konjak simplified cultivation method |
| CN112021095A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-04 | 贵州威宁鼎诚魔芋科技有限公司 | Interplanting planting method for konjak and sunflower |
| CN115250847A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-01 | 巴中市巴州区农业技术推广中心 | Method for planting soybeans between konjak sleeved with corn |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104094751B (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2017-02-22 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | Method for cultivating amorphophallus konjac by using wormwood |
| CN104094754A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-15 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | '121-mode' planting method of konjak ridge compartments |
| CN104094751A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-15 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | Method for cultivating amorphophallus konjac by using wormwood |
| CN104285644A (en) * | 2014-10-05 | 2015-01-21 | 竹溪县泉溪益群魔芋专业合作社 | Bionic e cultivation method of lacquer tree interplant leopard palm |
| CN105075612A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 邱文娟 | Konjak and ricinus communis intercropping cultivating method |
| CN106305084A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 陈星瑞 | Disease and insect pest resisting planting method of kidney beans |
| CN106234003A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 陈星瑞 | The stable high yield implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris |
| CN108901532A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 威宁县金种魔芋专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of konjaku and pear tree interplanting |
| CN110476759A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 贵州吉丰种业有限责任公司 | A kind of interplanting method of konjaku and sunflower |
| CN110495360A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-26 | 长江大学 | A kind of wheat planting method |
| CN111201978A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-05-29 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Intercropping cultivation method for alleviating continuous cropping obstacle of konjak |
| CN111771649A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-16 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | One-year-made low-medium-altitude konjak simplified cultivation method |
| CN112021095A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-04 | 贵州威宁鼎诚魔芋科技有限公司 | Interplanting planting method for konjak and sunflower |
| CN115250847A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-01 | 巴中市巴州区农业技术推广中心 | Method for planting soybeans between konjak sleeved with corn |
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Application publication date: 20131211 |