CN106305084A - Disease and insect pest resisting planting method of kidney beans - Google Patents
Disease and insect pest resisting planting method of kidney beans Download PDFInfo
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- CN106305084A CN106305084A CN201610704592.4A CN201610704592A CN106305084A CN 106305084 A CN106305084 A CN 106305084A CN 201610704592 A CN201610704592 A CN 201610704592A CN 106305084 A CN106305084 A CN 106305084A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/24—Lauraceae [Laurel family], e.g. laurel, avocado, sassafras, cinnamon or camphor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disease and insect pest resisting planting method of kidney beans. The disease and insect pest resisting planting method comprises the following steps: (1) treating seeds and culturing seedlings: A, selecting kidney bean seeds which are large and full, have no diseases and pests and have no damages, and blanching the seeds in hot water; immersing the seeds in a nutrient solution; sowing the seeds in a seedling culturing disc; controlling temperature in day time and temperature at night; waiting for field planting when two leaves are formed; (2) treating soil and carrying out the field planting: selecting the soil which has a deep and thick soil layer and is convenient for irrigation and drainage; preparing a land before carrying out the field planting; setting a plurality of cultivation holes in each ridge of a plurality of ridges by adopting a high-ridge intercropping planting manner, wherein the hole distance is 60cm to 80cm, the row spacing is 1.5m to 2m and 2 to 3 seedlings are planted in each hole; alternately planting konjac and the kidney beans on each ridge; (3) carrying out field management. By adopting the disease and insect pest resisting planting method of the kidney beans, the disease resistance, yield and quality of the kidney beans can be improved, and the disease and insect pest resisting planting method has very good promotion value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation.It is more particularly related to the preventing disease and pest plantation of a kind of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris
Method.
Background technology
Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, is also called Kidney bean, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, beautiful bean etc., originates in Mexico and Argentina, along with China's agricultural economy
Development, the plantation of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris is the most relatively broad, nowadays has become as one of requisite food of China common people.But
Being as the passage of time, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris is when plantation, and the problems such as yield constantly reduces, pest and disease damage is frequent are more serious, and these are all
Become the principal element of the Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris plantation of restriction China and development.In order to ensure the normal growth of China's Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, it should
Actively research and develop novel cultivation technique, it then follows the plantation rule of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, strengthen the prevention to pest and disease damage problem and improvement, strive for
Improve the yield of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris with the shortest time, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and the advantage that at least will be described later is provided.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of a kind of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, it can improve Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris
Disease resistance, yield and quality, the promotional value having had.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, it is provided that the preventing disease and pest plantation of a kind of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris
Method, comprises the following steps:
1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed, in the hot water of 75～80 DEG C, blanching is the most fast
Quickly cooling but, is placed in the nutritional solution of 25～30 DEG C immersion 4～6h, drains, the seed after separating treatment and the battalion after first use
Nutrient solution, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 10～20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 10～20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 25～30 weight portions
Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) and 25～30 weight portion Flos Loniceraes add soaks 2～3h in 100 weight parts waters, intense fire turns slow fire boiling extremely after boiling
Liquid level flushes with medical material surface, separates to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 30～40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 4～6 parts sulfuric acid
Magnesium, 20～25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1～2 part by weight of boric acid sodium, 1～2 weight portion zinc molybdate add in 100 weight parts waters, then
Add medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave point 2～3 kinds, cover seed with thin muck, cover with mulch film, control temperature in the daytime
Spend 25～30 DEG C, nocturnal temperature 15～20 DEG C, after half seed is unearthed, removes mulch film, control daytime temperature 20～25 DEG C, night
Between temperature 18～22 DEG C, Qi Miao 4～seedling exercising after 5 days, wait field planting when forming two panels leaf；
2) soil treatment and field planting:
B, select that soil layer is deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, before field planting 10～15 days wholely, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m,
The ditch of deep 0.4m, imbeds soil conditioner in ditch, earthing to ditch depth 0.3m, and executing weight ratio is 1000～1500:40:20 have
The base manure that machine fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 20～30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 10～20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg,
10～20 weight portion medicinal residues, 10～20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 10～20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 3～5 weight portion saws
End, 10～15 weight portion kieselguhr, 10～15 weight portion Maifanitum and 1～2 weight portion EM microbial inoculum mixing stackings, in piling up neatly
Being passed through air, in controlling buttress, temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stacking again after stirring in 7 days, keeps 28～35 days, to obtain final product；
C, the mode using high ridge catch cropping to plant arrange multiple ridge, and ridge high 20～30cm, begin to rehearse between ridge ditch, on each ridge
Multiple cultivation cave is set, cave away from 60～80cm, line-spacing 1.5～2m, every cave 2～3 strain, alternately plantation Rhizoma amorphophalli and the four seasons on every ridge
Bean, earth seals, by step 1) nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding in A；
3) field management:
D, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris final singling 14 days are the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root both sides 3～5cm trench digging weight ratio of topdressing for the first time,
Final singling 21 days main root radius be 5～10cm trench digging second time weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence is at main root
Radius be 10～15cm trench digging third time weight ratios of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, for the first time results, the 3rd
Secondary results fresh kidney beans main root radius be 10～15cm ditch the 4th time, the 5th weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:0.5:1, phosphorus
Fertile, potash fertilizer；
E, building multiple support group, a support group is arranged on the ridge at each Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris place and the Rhizoma amorphophalli place at its rear
Ridge between and two cultivation cave between, in support group coat insect protected liquid, daylight dries, when Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris plant grows to
18～30cm take out climing before, draw climing added, the wooden fork below the first Honoka erased, until main climing climb to frame top time pinching, later stage side shoot
Pinching after seat pod；
Described support group includes four L brackets and four prolongation framves, and described L bracket includes the first bar being vertically arranged
Body and horizontally disposed second body of rod, square four summits distributions, four second bodies of rod of four the first body of rod shapes are in just
Square four edges distribution, the free end of second body of rod and a prolongation frame, by Herba Houttuyniae bondage, extend frame and are tilted towards
Lower setting and free end contact to earth and point to the center, four summits of four first bodies of rod, and four free ends extending frame pass through fish
Raw meat grass bondage；
The preparation method of described insect protected liquid is: Herba Houttuyniae, Fructus Litseae, Radix Dipsaci, Cacumen Platycladi are pulverized, with alcohol steep,
Concentrating under reduced pressure obtains concentrate, stands 24h, dilutes 100 times with the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 20%, to obtain final product；
Ridging when F, Rhizoma amorphophalli will open up leaf, thickness is 5～8cm, sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2～3 times, press behind envelope ridge
Conventional method is topdressed and is gathered；
G, root rot their early stage use 50% carbendazim and 800 times of liquid of 80% fenaminosulf, and leaf spot their early stage sprays
The clear 1000 times of solution of tikka of 10%, rust and powdery mildew their early stage spray 2000 times of liquid of 15% triadimefon.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of described Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, step 3) in E, the height of described first body of rod
It is 1.5～2m.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of described Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, step 2) in B, molasses waste liquid is cane sugar manufacture
During produce waste liquid.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of described Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, step 2) in B, Maifanitum is for air-drying February more than
Broken after grain structure.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of described Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, step 2) in B, stacking procedure is passed through in buttress
The amount of air is 1L/min.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of described Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, step 3) in D, for the first time～topdress for the 5th time
After, ditch is laid one layer of Caulis Benincasae.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of described Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, step 1) in A, the seed after separating treatment is used
Aloe gel is coated with, and is placed in shady and cool environment and air-dries.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect: use nutritional solution soak Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed, beneficially germination and kill
Extremely being attached to the worm's ovum on seed coat, pathogenic bacteria, use high-temperature sterilization " swollen seed " sowing, effect is fine, it is not necessary to broadcast front accelerating germination；Use soil
Soil improver improves the trace element ratio of soil, changes Soil structure, fluffy soil, water conservation fertilizer conservation, it is provided that Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris grows
Necessary microorganism；Employing fixed quantity applies fertilizer, it is possible to be effectively improved utilization rate of fertilizer；Rhizoma amorphophalli and Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris catch cropping, utilize not
With the rich water of soil depth, without identical pest and disease damage, more effectively utilize sunlight and rich water, improve the disease resistance of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris；Main climing
Pinching promotes collateral generation, and side shoot pinching promotes fresh kidney beans growth, uses the double frame cultivation of support group one cave, shoot growth rule, side
Just management, space availability ratio height, Herba Houttuyniae bondage, the coating of insect protected liquid make support consolidate, minimizing pest and disease damage occurs, and improve fresh kidney beans
Yield and quality, have a good application prospect.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this
Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of support group of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to description
Word can be implemented according to this.
Should be appreciated that used herein such as " have ", " comprising " and " including " term do not allot one or many
Other element individual or the existence of a combination thereof or interpolation.
It should be noted that experimental technique described in following embodiment, if no special instructions, it is conventional method, institute
State reagent and material, if no special instructions, the most commercially obtain.
<embodiment 1>
The preventing disease and pest implantation methods of a kind of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed, in the hot water of 75～80 DEG C, blanching is the most fast
Quickly cooling but, is placed in the nutritional solution of 25～30 DEG C immersion 4～6h, drains, the seed after separating treatment and the battalion after first use
Nutrient solution, the Aloe gel of the seed after separating treatment is coated with, and is placed in shady and cool environment and air-dries, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 10～20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 10～20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 25～30 weight portions
Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) and 25～30 weight portion Flos Loniceraes add soaks 2～3h in 100 weight parts waters, intense fire turns slow fire boiling extremely after boiling
Liquid level flushes with medical material surface, separates to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 30～40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 4～6 parts sulfuric acid
Magnesium, 20～25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1～2 part by weight of boric acid sodium, 1～2 weight portion zinc molybdate add in 100 weight parts waters, then
Add medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave point 2～3 kinds, cover seed with thin muck, cover with mulch film, control temperature in the daytime
Spend 25～30 DEG C, nocturnal temperature 15～20 DEG C, after half seed is unearthed, removes mulch film, control daytime temperature 20～25 DEG C, night
Between temperature 18～22 DEG C, Qi Miao 4～seedling exercising after 5 days, wait field planting when forming two panels leaf；
(2) soil treatment and field planting:
B, select that soil layer is deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, before field planting 10～15 days wholely, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m,
The ditch of deep 0.4m, imbeds soil conditioner in ditch, earthing to ditch depth 0.3m, and executing weight ratio is 1000～1500:40:20 have
The base manure that machine fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 20～30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 10～20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg,
10～20 weight portion medicinal residues, 10～20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 10～20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 3～5 weight portion saws
End, 10～15 weight portion kieselguhr, 10～15 weight portion Maifanitum and 1～2 weight portion EM microbial inoculum mixing stackings, in piling up neatly
Being passed through air, the amount being passed through air is 1L/min, and in controlling buttress, temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stacking again after stirring in 7 days, protects
Holding 28～35 days, to obtain final product, wherein, molasses waste liquid is the waste liquid produced during cane sugar manufacture, and Maifanitum is to air-dry February more than
Grain structure after Po Sui.；
C, the mode using high ridge catch cropping to plant arrange multiple ridge, and ridge high 20～30cm, begin to rehearse between ridge ditch, on each ridge
Multiple cultivation cave is set, cave away from 60～80cm, line-spacing 1.5～2m, every cave 2～3 strain, alternately plantation Rhizoma amorphophalli and the four seasons on every ridge
Bean, earth seals, by step 1) nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding in A；
(3) field management:
D, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris final singling 14 days are the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root both sides 3～5cm trench digging weight ratio of topdressing for the first time,
Final singling 21 days main root radius be 5～10cm trench digging second time weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence is at main root
Radius be 10～15cm trench digging third time weight ratios of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, for the first time results, the 3rd
Secondary results fresh kidney beans main root radius be 10～15cm ditch the 4th time, the 5th weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:0.5:1, phosphorus
Fertile, potash fertilizer, for the first time～after topdressing for the 5th time, lays one layer of Caulis Benincasae on ditch；
E, build multiple support group, build multiple support group, support group be arranged on the ridge 4 at each Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris place with
Between the ridge 6 at the Rhizoma amorphophalli place at its rear and between two cultivation caves 5, coating insect protected liquid in support group, daylight shines
Dry, when Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris plant grow to 18～30cm take out climing before, draw climing added, the wooden fork below the first Honoka erased, treat main climing climb to
Pinching during frame top, pinching after later stage side shoot seat pod；
As it is shown in figure 1, described support group includes four L brackets and four prolongation framves 3, described L bracket includes vertically
First body of rod 1 arranged and horizontally disposed second body of rod 2, square four summits distributions of four the first body of rod 1 shapes, four
The four edges distribution that individual second body of rod 2 is square, the free end of second body of rod 2 and a prolongation frame 3 pass through Herba Houttuyniae
Bondage, prolongation frame 3 arranges diagonally downward and free end contacts to earth and points to the center, four summits of four first bodies of rod 1, and four are prolonged
The free end of long frame 3 passes through Herba Houttuyniae bondage, and the height of described first body of rod 1 is 1.8m；
The preparation method of described insect protected liquid is: Herba Houttuyniae, Fructus Litseae, Radix Dipsaci, Cacumen Platycladi are pulverized, with alcohol steep,
Concentrating under reduced pressure obtains concentrate, stands 24h, dilutes 100 times with the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 20%, to obtain final product；
Ridging when F, Rhizoma amorphophalli will open up leaf, thickness is 5～8cm, sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2～3 times, press behind envelope ridge
Conventional method is topdressed and is gathered；
G, root rot their early stage use 50% carbendazim and 800 times of liquid of 80% fenaminosulf, and leaf spot their early stage sprays
The clear 1000 times of solution of tikka of 10%, rust and powdery mildew their early stage spray 2000 times of liquid of 15% triadimefon.
<embodiment 2>
The preventing disease and pest implantation methods of a kind of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed, in the hot water of 80 DEG C, blanching is the coldest
But, being placed in the nutritional solution of 30 DEG C immersion 6h, drain, the seed after separating treatment and the nutritional solution after first use, at separation
Seed after reason Aloe gel is coated with, and is placed in shady and cool environment and air-dries, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, the 20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 30 weight portion Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi)s and 30
Weight portion Flos Lonicerae adds immersion 3h in 100 weight parts waters, and intense fire turns slow fire boiling and flushes with medical material surface to liquid level after boiling,
Separate to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 6 parts sulfuric acid magnesium, 25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 2 weight portion boron
Acid sodium, 2 weight portion zinc molybdates add in 100 weight parts waters, are subsequently adding medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 3 kinds of point, cover seed with thin muck, cover with mulch film, control daytime temperature 30
DEG C, nocturnal temperature 20 DEG C, after half seed be unearthed, remove mulch film, control daytime temperature 25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature 22 DEG C, Qi Miao 5
Seedling exercising after it, waits field planting when forming two panels leaf；
(2) soil treatment and field planting:
B, selecting that soil layer is deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, first 15 days of field planting wholely, makes railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, deep
The ditch of 0.4m, imbeds soil conditioner in ditch, earthing to ditch depth 0.3m, and executing weight ratio is the fertilizer of 1500:40:20, mistake
The base manure that calcium phosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 20 weight portions
Medicinal residues, 20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 5 weight portion sawdusts, 15 weight portion kieselguhr, 15 weight
Part Maifanitum and 2 weight portion EM microbial inoculum mixing stackings, be passed through air in buttress, and the amount being passed through air is 1L/min, controls buttress
Interior temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stacking again after stirring in 7 days, keeps 35 days, to obtain final product, and wherein, molasses waste liquid is cane sugar manufacture
During the waste liquid that produces, Maifanitum be air-dry more than February broken after grain structure.；
C, the mode using high ridge catch cropping to plant arrange multiple ridge, ridge height 30cm, and begin to rehearse between ridge ditch, and each ridge is arranged
Multiple cultivation caves, cave, away from 80cm, line-spacing 2m, every cave 3 strain, every ridge replaces plantation Rhizoma amorphophalli and Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, and earth seals, by step
1) in A, nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding；
(3) field management:
D, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris final singling 14 days are the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root both sides 5cm trench digging weight ratio of topdressing for the first time, fixed
Seedling 21 days main root radius be 10cm trench digging second time weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence at main root radius is
15cm trench digging third time weight ratio of topdressing is the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, for the first time results, third time results fresh kidney beans
Main root radius be 15cm ditch the 4th time, the 5th weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, for the first time
～after the 5th time is topdressed, ditch is laid one layer of Caulis Benincasae；
E, build multiple support group, build multiple support group, support group be arranged on the ridge 4 at each Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris place with
Between the ridge 6 at the Rhizoma amorphophalli place at its rear and between two cultivation caves 5, coating insect protected liquid in support group, daylight shines
Dry, when Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris plant grow to 30cm take out climing before, draw climing added, the wooden fork below the first Honoka erased, treat main climing to climb to frame top
Time pinching, pinching after later stage side shoot seat pod；
As it is shown in figure 1, described support group includes four L brackets and four prolongation framves 3, described L bracket includes vertically
First body of rod 1 arranged and horizontally disposed second body of rod 2, square four summits distributions of four the first body of rod 1 shapes, four
The four edges distribution that individual second body of rod 2 is square, the free end of second body of rod 2 and a prolongation frame 3 pass through Herba Houttuyniae
Bondage, prolongation frame 3 arranges diagonally downward and free end contacts to earth and points to the center, four summits of four first bodies of rod 1, and four are prolonged
The free end of long frame 3 passes through Herba Houttuyniae bondage, and the height of described first body of rod 1 is 1.8m；
The preparation method of described insect protected liquid is: Herba Houttuyniae, Fructus Litseae, Radix Dipsaci, Cacumen Platycladi are pulverized, with alcohol steep,
Concentrating under reduced pressure obtains concentrate, stands 24h, dilutes 100 times with the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 20%, to obtain final product；
Ridging when F, Rhizoma amorphophalli will open up leaf, thickness is 8cm, and envelope sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 times behind ridge, routinely side
Method is topdressed and is gathered；
G, root rot their early stage use 50% carbendazim and 800 times of liquid of 80% fenaminosulf, and leaf spot their early stage sprays
The clear 1000 times of solution of tikka of 10%, rust and powdery mildew their early stage spray 2000 times of liquid of 15% triadimefon.
<embodiment 3>
The preventing disease and pest implantation methods of a kind of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed, in the hot water of 78 DEG C, blanching is the coldest
But, being placed in the nutritional solution of 28 DEG C immersion 5h, drain, the seed after separating treatment and the nutritional solution after first use, at separation
Seed after reason Aloe gel is coated with, and is placed in shady and cool environment and air-dries, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 15 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, the 15 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 28 weight portion Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi)s and 28
Weight portion Flos Lonicerae adds immersion 2.5h in 100 weight parts waters, and intense fire turns slow fire boiling after boiling neat with medical material surface to liquid level
Flat, separate to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 35 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 5 parts sulfuric acid magnesium, 22 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1.5 weights
Amount part sodium borate, 1.5 weight portion zinc molybdates add in 100 weight parts waters, are subsequently adding medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 3 kinds of point, cover seed with thin muck, cover with mulch film, control daytime temperature 28
DEG C, nocturnal temperature 18 DEG C, after half seed be unearthed, remove mulch film, control daytime temperature 22 DEG C, nocturnal temperature 20 DEG C, Qi Miao 5
Seedling exercising after it, waits field planting when forming two panels leaf；
(2) soil treatment and field planting:
B, selecting that soil layer is deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, first 12 days of field planting wholely, makes railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, deep
The ditch of 0.4m, imbeds soil conditioner in ditch, earthing to ditch depth 0.3m, and executing weight ratio is the fertilizer of 1250:40:20, mistake
The base manure that calcium phosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 25 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 15 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 15 weight portions
Medicinal residues, 15 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 15 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 4 weight portion sawdusts, 12 weight portion kieselguhr, 12 weight
Part Maifanitum and 1.5 weight portion EM microbial inoculum mixing stackings, be passed through air in buttress, and the amount being passed through air is 1L/min, controls
In buttress, temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stacking again after stirring in 7 days, keeps 30 days, to obtain final product, and wherein, molasses waste liquid is Caulis Sacchari sinensis system
The waste liquid produced during sugar, Maifanitum be air-dry more than February broken after grain structure.；
C, the mode using high ridge catch cropping to plant arrange multiple ridge, and ridge high 20～30cm, begin to rehearse between ridge ditch, on each ridge
Arranging multiple cultivation cave, cave, away from 70cm, line-spacing 1.8m, every cave 3 strain, every ridge is alternately planted Rhizoma amorphophalli and Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, and earth seals,
By step 1) nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding in A；
(3) field management:
D, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris final singling 14 days are the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root both sides 4cm trench digging weight ratio of topdressing for the first time, fixed
Seedling 21 days main root radius be 8cm trench digging second time weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence at main root radius is
12cm trench digging third time weight ratio of topdressing is the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, for the first time results, third time results fresh kidney beans
Main root radius be 12cm ditch the 4th time, the 5th weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, for the first time
～after the 5th time is topdressed, ditch is laid one layer of Caulis Benincasae；
E, building multiple support group, a support group is arranged on the ridge 4 at each Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris place and the Rhizoma amorphophalli institute at its rear
Ridge 6 between and two cultivation cave 5 between, in support group coat insect protected liquid, daylight dries, when Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris plant
Grow to 25cm take out climing before, draw climing added, the wooden fork below the first Honoka erased, until main climing climb to frame top time pinching, later stage side shoot
Pinching after seat pod；
As it is shown in figure 1, described support group includes four L brackets and four prolongation framves 3, described L bracket includes vertically
First body of rod 1 arranged and horizontally disposed second body of rod 2, square four summits distributions of four the first body of rod 1 shapes, four
The four edges distribution that individual second body of rod 2 is square, the free end of second body of rod 2 and a prolongation frame 3 pass through Herba Houttuyniae
Bondage, prolongation frame 3 arranges diagonally downward and free end contacts to earth and points to the center, four summits of four first bodies of rod 1, and four are prolonged
The free end of long frame 3 passes through Herba Houttuyniae bondage, and the height of described first body of rod 1 is 1.8m；
The preparation method of described insect protected liquid is: Herba Houttuyniae, Fructus Litseae, Radix Dipsaci, Cacumen Platycladi are pulverized, with alcohol steep,
Concentrating under reduced pressure obtains concentrate, stands 24h, dilutes 100 times with the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 20%, to obtain final product；
Ridging when F, Rhizoma amorphophalli will open up leaf, thickness is 6cm, and envelope sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times behind ridge, routinely side
Method is topdressed and is gathered；
G, root rot their early stage use 50% carbendazim and 800 times of liquid of 80% fenaminosulf, and leaf spot their early stage sprays
The clear 1000 times of solution of tikka of 10%, rust and powdery mildew their early stage spray 2000 times of liquid of 15% triadimefon.
<comparative example 1>
A kind of preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed,
The unused nutritional solution of seed soaks, modifying agent of not placing into the soil in soil, uses conventional man-like shelf to draw climing added, and remaining step is with real
Execute example 3, make ratio 1.
<comparative example 2>
A kind of preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed,
The unused nutritional solution of seed soaks, modifying agent of not placing into the soil in soil, not with Rhizoma amorphophalli intercropping plant, uses conventional man-like shelf to draw climing
Added, remaining step, with embodiment 3, is made ratio 2.
<output statistics>
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Average product (kg) | 46 | 50 | 52 | 42 | 39 |
| Equivalent per mu yield (kg) | 1533.33 | 1666.67 | 1733.33 | 1400 | 1300 |
| Compare comparative example 2 amplification (%) | 17.95 | 28.21 | 33.33 | 7.69 |
<disease-resistant statistics>
Number of devices described herein and treatment scale are used to the explanation of the simplification present invention.To the application of the present invention,
Modifications and variations will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.
Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but it is not restricted in description and embodiment listed
Using, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, and can be easily
Realizing other amendment, therefore under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit
In specific details with shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
1. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of a Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select grain the fullest, without disease pest, unabroken Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris seed, in the hot water of 75～80 DEG C, blanching is the coldest
But, it is placed in the nutritional solution of 25～30 DEG C immersion 4～6h, drains, the seed after separating treatment and the nutritional solution after first use,
Stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 10～20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 10～20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 25～30 weight portion purple
Grass and 25～30 weight portion Flos Loniceraes add soaks 2～3h in 100 weight parts waters, intense fire turns slow fire boiling to liquid after boiling
Face flushes with medical material surface, separates to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 30～40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 4～6 parts sulfuric acid magnesium,
20～25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1～2 part by weight of boric acid sodium, 1～2 weight portion zinc molybdate add in 100 weight parts waters, then add
Enter medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave point 2～3 kinds, cover seed with thin muck, cover with mulch film, control daytime temperature 25
～30 DEG C, nocturnal temperature 15～20 DEG C, after half seed is unearthed, removes mulch film, controls daytime temperature 20～25 DEG C, temperature at night
Spend 18～22 DEG C, Qi Miao 4～seedling exercising after 5 days, wait field planting when forming two panels leaf；
2) soil treatment and field planting:
B, select that soil layer is deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, before field planting 10～15 days wholely, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, deep
The ditch of 0.4m, imbeds soil conditioner in ditch, earthing to ditch depth 0.3m, execute weight ratio be 1000～1500:40:20 organic
The base manure that fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 20～30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 10～20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 10～
20 weight portion medicinal residues, 10～20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 10～20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 3～5 weight portion sawdusts, 10
～15 weight portion kieselguhr, 10～15 weight portion Maifanitum and 1～2 weight portion EM microbial inoculum mixing stackings, in buttress, it is passed through sky
Gas, in controlling buttress, temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stacking again after stirring in 7 days, keeps 28～35 days, to obtain final product；
C, the mode using high ridge catch cropping to plant arrange multiple ridge, ridge high 20～30cm, and begin to rehearse between ridge ditch, and each ridge is arranged
Multiple cultivation caves, cave away from 60～80cm, line-spacing 1.5～2m, every cave 2～3 strain, alternately plantation Rhizoma amorphophalli and Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris, mud on every ridge
Grave mouth, by step 1) nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding in A；
3) field management:
D, Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris final singling 14 days are the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root both sides 3～5cm trench digging weight ratio of topdressing for the first time, final singling
21 days main root radius be 5～10cm trench digging second time weight ratios of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence is at main root radius
Be 10～15cm trench digging third time weight ratios of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, results, third time are received for the first time
Obtain fresh kidney beans main root radius be 10～15cm ditch the 4th time, the 5th weight ratio of topdressing be the nitrogenous fertilizer of 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer；
E, building multiple support group, a support group is arranged on the ridge on the ridge at each Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris place and the Rhizoma amorphophalli place at its rear
Between and two cultivation cave between, in support group coat insect protected liquid, daylight dries, when Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris plant grow to 18～
30cm take out climing before, draw climing added, the wooden fork below the first Honoka erased, until main climing climb to frame top time pinching, later stage side shoot seat pod
Rear pinching；
Described support group includes that four L brackets and four extend framves, described L bracket include first body of rod that is vertically arranged and
Horizontally disposed second body of rod, square four the summits distributions of four the first body of rod shapes, four second bodies of rod are square
Four edges distribution, the free end of second body of rod extends frame by Herba Houttuyniae bondage with one, and prolongation frame is tilted towards dividing into
Putting and free end contacts to earth and points to the center, four summits of four first bodies of rod, four free ends extending frame pass through Herba Houttuyniae
Bondage；
The preparation method of described insect protected liquid is: Herba Houttuyniae, Fructus Litseae, Radix Dipsaci, Cacumen Platycladi are pulverized, with alcohol steep, decompression
It is concentrated to give concentrate, stands 24h, dilute 100 times with the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 20%, to obtain final product；
Ridging when F, Rhizoma amorphophalli will open up leaf, thickness is 5～8cm, sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2～3 times, routinely behind envelope ridge
Method is topdressed and is gathered；
G, root rot their early stage use 50% carbendazim and 800 times of liquid of 80% fenaminosulf, and leaf spot their early stage sprays 10%
The clear 1000 times of solution of tikka, rust and powdery mildew their early stage spray 2000 times of liquid of 15% triadimefon.
2. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in E, described first
The height of the body of rod is 1.5～2m.
3. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in B, molasses waste liquid
For the waste liquid produced during cane sugar manufacture.
4. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in B, Maifanitum is
Air-dry more than February broken after grain structure.
5. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in B, stacking procedure
The amount being passed through air in buttress is 1L/min.
6. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in D, for the first time～
After 5th time is topdressed, ditch is laid one layer of Caulis Benincasae.
7. the preventing disease and pest implantation methods of Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) in A, separating treatment
After seed be coated with Aloe gel, be placed in shady and cool environment and air-dry.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107624586A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-26 | 紫云自治县恒泰农牧开发有限公司 | A kind of hotbed chives implantation methods |
| CN109104931A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-01-01 | 绩溪县桐坑源家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of long bean |
| CN113875527A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Planting method for reducing occurrence of diseases of preserved szechuan pickle |
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| CN103430732A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-11 | 湖北顺溪生物食品有限公司 | Konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method |
| CN103798017A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting cowpeas |
| CN104082005A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 四川农业大学 | Konjak and okra intercropping cultivation method |
| CN104488486A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 柳州市源晨农副产品有限公司 | Cowpea cultivation technology |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103430732A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-11 | 湖北顺溪生物食品有限公司 | Konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method |
| CN103798017A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting cowpeas |
| CN104082005A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 四川农业大学 | Konjak and okra intercropping cultivation method |
| CN104488486A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 柳州市源晨农副产品有限公司 | Cowpea cultivation technology |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107624586A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-26 | 紫云自治县恒泰农牧开发有限公司 | A kind of hotbed chives implantation methods |
| CN109104931A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-01-01 | 绩溪县桐坑源家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of long bean |
| CN113875527A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Planting method for reducing occurrence of diseases of preserved szechuan pickle |
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Application publication date: 20170111 |