CN104094751B - Method for cultivating amorphophallus konjac by using wormwood - Google Patents
Method for cultivating amorphophallus konjac by using wormwood Download PDFInfo
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- CN104094751B CN104094751B CN201410308122.7A CN201410308122A CN104094751B CN 104094751 B CN104094751 B CN 104094751B CN 201410308122 A CN201410308122 A CN 201410308122A CN 104094751 B CN104094751 B CN 104094751B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating amorphophallus konjac by using wormwood. The method comprises the steps: planting green manure in a mating manner, smudging seed amorphophallus konjac, forming ridge sides, sowing the seed amorphophallus konjac, covering the wormwood, juice spraying and the like. The wormwood is adopted to smudge the seed amorphophallus konjac, the seed amorphophallus konjac is sterilized and disinfected by smog, so the germination rate of the seed amorphophallus konjac is increased; the wormwood is padded on and under the seed amorphophallus konjac, the wormwood covers the seed amorphophallus konjac, spraying of wormwood juice is performed on leaf surfaces, the anti-reversibility of the seed amorphophallus konjac is enhanced, the disease incidence of the amorphophallus konjac is lowered effectively, and bacteriostatic, disease-prevention and yield-increasing effects are realized. The method can replace or reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the high and stable yield of the amorphophallus konjac is realized, and greenness, quality and safety of the product are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, belong to proportion of crop planting technical field.
Background technology
Rhizoma amorphophalli is Araeceae herbaceos perennial, rich in glucomannan, its unique physicochemical property, has extensively
Application and Development volue.
Rhizoma amorphophalli is as a kind of high-efficiency crop, the most direct, the most obvious to the induced effect of peasant programme, becomes normal region
A first-selected characteristic of domain increases income project, has been peasant programme, has revitalized one of effective way of local economy.With artificial
Cultivation and the expansion of implantation in large scale area, original environment and growth conditionss there occurs change, Rhizoma amorphophalli kind sexual involution, resistance
Decline, yield reduction, disease resistance reduced capability, disease incidence is higher, and have even has no harvest, and taro agriculture loss is big, and disease is sent out
Raw with harm in increasing trend year by year, finally result in cultivated area and fall sharply, the serious contusion enthusiasm of peasant planting Rhizoma amorphophalli, resistance
Hinder the development of local economy.For this reason, disease becomes a difficult problem for restricting current Rhizoma amorphophalli industry development.
Rhizoma amorphophalli disease, particularly bacillary " soft rot " is that a kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli is produced has the crushing worldwide plant endangering
Thing disease, counts according to investigations, its year comprehensive sickness rate up to more than 30%, and Amorphophallus Yield loss up to 23% is made for averagely every mu
Become more than 500 yuan of economic loss.For Rhizoma amorphophalli bacterial soft rot, domestic at present main with agricultural measures such as crop rotations and heavy dose of
The prophylactico-therapeutic measuress such as chemical pesticide.With the raising of scientific and technical development and living standards of the people, people ask to health and environment
Topic growing interest, therefore development high yield, high-quality, efficiently organic Rhizoma amorphophalli and nuisanceless green Rhizoma amorphophalli have become the master of Rhizoma amorphophalli industry
Lead direction.
Wormwood is annual herb, including water wormwood, Herba Artemisiae Annuae grass, Herba Artemisia ordosicae, HUANGSONG grass etc., belongs to Compositae class plant；Its point
Cloth is wider, and Chang Yesheng is by wilderness, hillside, roadside, riverbank, residence.In the vast rural area of China, peasant by extract substantial amounts of wormwood,
Mountain green grass or young crops, browse and leaveves, retting fertilizer carrys out Planting Crops, containing organic in a large number in the twig of these plants, spire, green grass or young crops
With nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, apply in soil, multiple effective nutriment in a fertilizer can be increased moreover it is possible to improve the soil texture, increase soil
Earth fertilizer conservation, water conservation, the ability of insulation.
Heap with wormwood as primary raw material is made compost, its draw materials extensively, quantity source big, simple to operate, and perishable one-tenth
Fertile, fertilizer efficiency is high, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, nutrition is abundant, containing organic matter about 15%～25%, nitrogenous 0.4%～0.57%, phosphorus
0.18%～0.27%, potassium 0.45%～0.67%, the organic fertilizer being well recognized as, it becomes " capable helping of improved soil fertility
Handss ".Analysis according to agricultural sector and mensure, the green manure of each very heavy fresh wormwood stem and leaf retting, can roll over to ten to ten four jin
Carbamide, nine to ten jin of calcium superphosphate, ten one to ten six jin of potassium sulfate, there is good fertilizer efficiency；Contain in wormwood simultaneously
Volatile oil and Flavonoid substances, have very strong pest, kill pathogenic bacteria and suppression virus effect.Therefore, using Artemisia
Careless cultivating konjak, for ensureing continuing, developing in a healthy way of Rhizoma amorphophalli industry, promotes peasant's volume increase, increases income, have important practical significance
With wide application prospect.
Content of the invention
For strengthening Rhizoma amorphophalli resistance, reduce disease sickness rate it is ensured that increasing production, increasing income, product safety, the present invention proposes a kind of
Method using wormwood cultivating konjak.
For this reason, the technical scheme is that：Using wormwood cultivating konjak method it is characterised in that by following steps group
Become：
1）Supporting green manuring：The September 15-25 day of the previous year planted by Rhizoma amorphophalli, plants green in the Rhizoma amorphophalli ground having harvested
Fertilizer, every mu of green manure sowing quantity is 7 15 jin；
2）Cigarette smokes ganoid konjaku taro：Rhizoma amorphophalli sowing before, ganoid konjaku taro bulb is graded by sized, selected after, put into interior layer frame on, close
Close door and window, set off wormwood below layer frame；
3）Make ridge railway carriage or compartment：In Rhizoma amorphophalli plantation April 15-25 day then, timely site preparation after the green manure harvesting of full-bloom stage is pressed
1.1 1.2 meters of wide specifications make ridge railway carriage or compartment, and ridge railway carriage or compartment is high 0.2 0.4 meters, and ridge railway carriage or compartment face is wide 0.9 1 meters；
4）Ganoid konjaku taro is sowed：In step 3）Two 20 25 centimetres of deep sowings are excavated along its length on described ridge railway carriage or compartment face
Ditch, two seed furrow spacing are 35 45 centimetres；Then it is encased inside wormwood in seed furrow, will be through step 2）Ganoid konjaku taro sowing after sootiness
On wormwood, spacing in the rows is 35 45 centimetres；The green manure of one layer of harvesting is covered on ganoid konjaku taro again, finally with fine earth, green manure is buried；
5）Wormwood covers:After ganoid konjaku taro is emerged, in the ranks cover tender wormwood in Rhizoma amorphophalli；
6）Juice is sprayed：In Rhizoma amorphophalli early growth period, the juice being boiled with wormwood is sprayed to Rhizoma amorphophalli blade face and petiole.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, step 1）The supporting plantation of middle green manure, described green manure refer to arrow tongue Bowl bean,
The leguminous plants such as Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Vicia dasycarpa, Semen Viciae fabae, mu calcium superphosphate 20 jin of plant ash mixing green manure kinds of 10 jin of additions during sowing
Son, sows after mixing thoroughly.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, step 2）Middle sootiness ganoid konjaku taro, dries the wormwood of harvesting after the beginning of autumn stubborn
Fasciculation is placed on below layer frame, adds sawdust, rice husk, Cosan and then lights, cigarette smokes 7 10 days, by smog in wormwood
To ganoid konjaku taro sterilizing, promote its germination.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, step 3）In make ridge railway carriage or compartment, 50 70 jin of quick lime of mu during site preparation, with
Adjust soil pH value, accelerate wormwood and green manure to rot.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, step 4）Middle ganoid konjaku taro sowing, sowing time is April 15 25, sowing
When the wormwood that is encased inside will be without root system and dry in the sun 12 days, thick is 1,500 2000 jin of 3 centimetre, mu use, and the green manure thickness of covering is
3 1,800 2000 jin of centimetre, mu use, the fine earth backfilling 15 20 cm thicks on green manure covers tightly.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, step 5）Middle wormwood covers, and June 7 25, waits Rhizoma amorphophalli to emerge
Afterwards, by the wormwood dry in the sun gathered in 12 days, it is then covered by Rhizoma amorphophalli in the ranks, thickness is more than 2 centimetres.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, step 6）Middle juice spraying, when boiling wormwood juice, amount of water is to flood
No wormwood, big fire after water is opened boils 10 15 minutes, by the juice after clarification filtration dry in the air cold after, by 1：1 ratio adds
After water dilution, Rhizoma amorphophalli is sprayed；In Rhizoma amorphophalli onset peak period（Early September late July）, sprayed one every 7 10 days
Secondary, continuously spray 35 times, to reach sterilizing disease-preventing effect.
The method of described utilization wormwood cultivating konjak, field must operate with caution, and wormwood covers, juice will be prevented stopping loss when spraying
Hinder Rhizoma amorphophalli plant.
Beneficial effect：
The present invention, by smoking ganoid konjaku taro using wormwood cigarette, carries out sterilizing using smog to ganoid konjaku taro, improves ganoid konjaku taro and germinates
Rate；Cover in the upper and lower pad grass of ganoid konjaku taro, wormwood, sprayed with wormwood juice in blade face, strengthen ganoid konjaku taro resistance, effectively reduce Rhizoma amorphophalli disease
Sickness rate, plays antibacterial, diseases prevention, production-increasing function.The method alternative or reduce fertilizer and pesticide use, realize Rhizoma amorphophalli high yield,
Stable yields is it is ensured that Product Green, quality safety.
Specific embodiment
With reference to an example, the present invention is described further.
A kind of method that utilization wormwood plants Rhizoma amorphophalli, comprises the steps of：
1）Supporting green manuring：On September 17th, 2012, plants arrow tongue Bowl bean as green having received in the Rhizoma amorphophalli ground digging
Fertile；During sowing, arrow tongue Bowl bean kind, calcium phosphate, plant ash are in mass ratio 7:10:20 ratio mixing is mixed thoroughly, then presses every
Common vetch kind is sowed while there is sufficient moisture in the soil sowing by the sowing quantity of 7 jin of mu；
2）Sootiness ganoid konjaku taro：On April 11st, 2013, select no breakage, disease-free spot, no rotten, eye is full, bud nest is shallow, outer
See just, epidermis smooth, weight is in 130 grams about of bulb as ganoid konjaku taro；By the ganoid konjaku taro chosen layered putting layer frame indoors
On, shut door and window, the Herba Artemisiae Annuae grass of harvesting after the beginning of autumn in the first year is twisted into pencil and is placed on below layer frame, sawdust, paddy are added on wormwood
Then shell, Cosan are lighted it is ensured that loseing naked light when burning, persistently having cigarette, and full of smoke uniform, and cigarette smokes 7 days, by smog
To ganoid konjaku taro sterilizing, promote its germination；
3）Make ridge railway carriage or compartment：On April 17th, 2013, it is deposited into side by after the common vetch harvesting in Rhizoma amorphophalli ground, then starts
Site preparation, makees ridge railway carriage or compartment by 1.2 meters of wide specifications, and native closing heap is assembled the growth belt in " watt back of the body " shape bar shaped, and ridge railway carriage or compartment is high 0.3 meter, ridge
Railway carriage or compartment face is wide 1 meter, 0.2 meter of ridge railway carriage or compartment spacing, to thicken active soil stratum, prevents accumulated water simultaneously；60 jin every mu are pressed on whole good ground
Consumption sprinkles quick lime, to adjust the pH value of soil, when follow-up ganoid konjaku taro is sowed, accelerates rotting of wormwood and common vetch；
4）Ganoid konjaku taro is sowed：On April 20th, 2013, two 20 centimetres of deep broadcasting are excavated along North and South direction in above-mentioned ridge railway carriage or compartment face
Plant ditch, about 40 centimetres of the spacing of two seed furrows；First it is encased inside the wormwood of one layer of 3 cm thick in seed furrow bottom, wormwood is without root
It is and it's 1 day pasts dry in the sun, mu is with 1700 jin；Then by step 2）Ganoid konjaku taro after middle sootiness is placed in wormwood by 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows
On, then in ganoid konjaku taro cover one layer before harvesting common vetch, thickness be 3 centimetres, mu with 1800 jin, finally in common vetch
The fine earth of upper backfill 15 cm thicks is it is ensured that ganoid konjaku taro burial is tight；Below ganoid konjaku taro pad wormwood, above cover common vetch, it is to avoid
Ganoid konjaku taro and soil directly contact, reduce pathogenic bacteria intrusion with effective；
5）Between cover sunshade：A line Semen Maydiss are covered, spacing in the rows 0.3 meter, mu plant 2000 between the furrow in ridge railway carriage or compartment face on the April 26th, 2013
Strain, thinks Rhizoma amorphophalli sunshade；
6）Wormwood covers:On June 17th 20,2013, after ganoid konjaku taro is emerged, by the Herba Artemisiae Annuae gathering in season grass dry in the sun 1 day
Afterwards, cover in Rhizoma amorphophalli in the ranks, about 3 centimetres of thickness, to play the effect that shielded from sunlight reduces soil water evaporation, utilize Artemisia simultaneously
The volatile oil that grass volatilizes and Flavonoid substances disperse insect, reduce disease and occur, and can weight gaining improve the soil after wormwood is rotted again,
Meet requirement of topdressing；
7）Juice is sprayed：From the beginning of 19 days July in 2013, boil juice with wormwood and Rhizoma amorphophalli is sprayed；Amount of water with
Flood wormwood, big fire after water is opened boils 15 minutes, by the juice after clarification filtration dry in the air cold after, by 1：1 ratio adds water
After dilution, Rhizoma amorphophalli is sprayed；Mu, with 80 jin, sprayed once every 10 days, continuously sprays 3 times, you can play bacteriostatic and disease prevention effect
Really, strengthen the resistance of Rhizoma amorphophalli.
8）Rhizoma amorphophalli is received and is dug：On October 27th, 2013, after Rhizoma amorphophalli upper blade, after cane deliquescing one week of lodging, rob eyeball good
Weather is received and is dug, by less than 350 grams, sprout is fresh, intact unbroken, external form are rectified, epidermis is smooth, no rotten bottom set and
Ganoid konjaku taro storage made by taro whip.This 3570 jin of fresh taro of ground per mu yield, 7200 yuan of income, 610 jin of Semen Maydiss, 650 yuan.
The present invention, is made compost with wormwood for main stockpile, draw materials extensively, quantity big, simple to operate, and perishable become fertile,
The content of organic matter is up to 15%-25%, and fertilizer efficiency is high, nutrition is enriched, and can play the effect of improved soil；Wormwood contains volatilization
Oil and Flavonoid substances, are smoked ganoid konjaku taro, are covered Rhizoma amorphophalli in the ranks with wormwood cigarette, have very strong pest, kill pathogenic bacteria and suppression
The effect of virus, strengthens Rhizoma amorphophalli resistance, mitigates disease and occurs it is ensured that Rhizoma amorphophalli increases production；Contain in wormwood organic in a large number and nitrogen,
The nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, supporting Green manuring, can increase multiple effective nutriment in a fertilizer, reduce or replacing fertilizer and pesticide usage amount,
Make its Product Green environmental protection, quality safety；Suitably postpone Rhizoma amorphophalli sowing time, and adopt the upper and lower pad grass of ganoid konjaku taro, can reduce and soil
Directly contact and pathogenic bacteria invade chance, effectively reduce the incidence rate of Rhizoma amorphophalli disease.
The method, for ensureing continuing, developing in a healthy way of Rhizoma amorphophalli industry, promotes peasant's volume increase, increases income, have important reality
Meaning and wide application prospect.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and be not used to limit to the scope of the claims of the present invention, therefore all utilizations
The equivalent transformation that present specification is made, is all included within the scope of the present invention in the same manner.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method using wormwood cultivating konjak is it is characterised in that comprise the steps of：
1）Supporting green manuring：The September 15-25 day of the previous year planted by Rhizoma amorphophalli, plants green manure, often in the Rhizoma amorphophalli ground having harvested
Mu green manure sowing quantity is 7 15 jin；
2）Cigarette smokes ganoid konjaku taro：Rhizoma amorphophalli sowing before, ganoid konjaku taro bulb is graded by sized, selected after, put into interior layer frame on, close door
Window, sets off wormwood below layer frame；
3）Make ridge railway carriage or compartment：In Rhizoma amorphophalli plantation April 15-25 day then, by timely site preparation after the green manure harvesting of full-bloom stage, by 1.1 1.2
The wide specification of rice makees ridge railway carriage or compartment, and ridge railway carriage or compartment is high 0.2 0.4 meters, and ridge railway carriage or compartment face is wide 0.9 1 meters；
4）Ganoid konjaku taro is sowed：In step 3）Two 20 25 centimetres of deep seed furrows are excavated along its length on described ridge railway carriage or compartment face,
Two seed furrow spacing are 35 45 centimetres；Then it is encased inside wormwood in seed furrow, will be through step 2）Ganoid konjaku taro sowing after sootiness exists
On wormwood, spacing in the rows is 35 45 centimetres；The green manure of one layer of harvesting is covered on ganoid konjaku taro again, finally with fine earth, green manure is buried；
5）Wormwood covers：After ganoid konjaku taro is emerged, in the ranks cover tender wormwood in Rhizoma amorphophalli；
6）Juice is sprayed：In Rhizoma amorphophalli early growth period, the juice being boiled with wormwood is sprayed to Rhizoma amorphophalli blade face and petiole.
2. a kind of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that：Step 1）In supporting kind
Plant green manure, described green manure refers to arrow tongue Bowl bean, Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Vicia dasycarpa, Semen Viciae fabae, during sowing, mu adds 20 jin of vegetations for 10 jin with calcium superphosphate
Ash mixing green manure seed, sows after mixing thoroughly.
3. a kind of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that：Step 2）Middle sootiness kind
Taro, dries the wormwood of harvesting after the beginning of autumn and twists into pencil and be placed on below layer frame, adds sawdust, rice husk, Cosan right in wormwood
After light, cigarette smokes 7 10 days, by smog to ganoid konjaku taro sterilizing, promote its germination.
4. a kind of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that：Step 3）In make ridge
Railway carriage or compartment, 50 70 jin of quick lime of mu during site preparation, to adjust soil pH value, accelerate wormwood and green manure to rot.
5. a kind of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that：Step 4）Middle ganoid konjaku taro is broadcast
Kind, sowing time is April 15 25, and the wormwood being encased inside during sowing will be without root system and dry in the sun 12 days, and thick is 3 centimetre, mu use
1500 2000 jin, the green manure of covering is thick to be 1,800 2000 jin of 3 centimetre, mu use, backfill 15 20 cm thicks on green manure
Fine earth covers tightly.
6. a kind of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that：Step 5）Middle wormwood is covered
Lid, June 7 25, the wormwood dry in the sun gathered in 12 days is then covered by Rhizoma amorphophalli in the ranks, thickness is more than 2 centimetres.
7. a kind of utilization wormwood cultivating konjak according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that：Step 6）Middle juice spray
Mist, when boiling wormwood juice, to flood wormwood, big fire after water is opened boils 10 15 minutes, after clarification filtration amount of water
Juice dry in the air cold after, by 1：After 1 ratio dilute, Rhizoma amorphophalli is sprayed；In Rhizoma amorphophalli onset peak period, every 7 10 days
Spray once, continuously spray 35 times, to reach sterilizing disease-preventing effect.
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| CN105453868A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-06 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | Method for cultivating konjak by means of river sand coverage |
| CN106069209A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 重庆市铜梁区亚飞家庭农场 | The engrafting method of Mvtus communis L． |
| CN107455128B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2020-06-16 | 兰州大学 | Sun-shading topping method for increasing yield of peas MZ-1 |
| CN108207531A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-06-29 | 普安县红星种养殖有限责任公司 | A kind of method using edible fungi residues cultivating konjak |
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| CN103329697A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-10-02 | 青川县食用菌科研开发中心 | Konjak planting method |
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| JPS63297304A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-12-05 | Nippon Sekiyu Seisei Kk | Method for culturing and cultivating araceous plant |
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| CN101011007A (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2007-08-08 | 湖南诺德生物科技有限公司 | Sweet wormwood cultivation method |
| CN103329697A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-10-02 | 青川县食用菌科研开发中心 | Konjak planting method |
| CN103430732A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-11 | 湖北顺溪生物食品有限公司 | Konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method |
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