CN102491821A - Compound fertilizer special for sugarcanes and production method thereof - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer special for sugarcanes and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound fertilizer special for sugarcanes and a production method thereof. Raw materials of the compound fertilizer special for the sugarcanes comprise inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers, compound amino acid, secondary elements and microelements. Weight percentage of each component in total weight of the compound fertilizer special for the sugarcanes is that the inorganic fertilizers occupy 16%-29%, the organic fertilizers occupy 15%-30%, the compound amino acid occupies 5%-15%, the secondary elements occupy 0.1%-0.5%, and the microelements occupy 0.03%-0.1%. The compound fertilizer special for the sugarcanes can promote nitrogen, phosphor, potassium and other nutrient elements to transfer and gather from mature portions of the sugarcanes to growing portions of the sugarcanes, and improves content of the nutrient elements in sugarcane stem growing portions and sugarcane leaves, thereby promoting growing of the sugarcanes and synthesizing and accumulating of cane sugar, and improving per unit yield, sugar content and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farm crop fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of composite fertilizer and working method thereof of using sugarcane.
Background technology
Sugarcane is important sugaring raw material, and in China, sucrose accounts for 80% of sugar total amount.Grow cane, the efficiency of light energy utilization and the land productivity of its unit surface are higher.Compare with the plantation food crop, sugarcane is the bigger crop of a kind of economic return.The area that per mu yield is about 5 tons, the nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements that one ton of raw material sugarcane of every product is absorbed from soil are converted and are 1.75 ~ 4.35 kilograms in urea, 1.95 ~ 8.35 kilograms of superphosphate of lime, 2.5 ~ 4.15 kilograms in Repone K.The quantity of above-mentioned said sugarcane per ton absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium from soil; And the fertilizer of executing down can not all be absorbed by sugarcane; There is partly gasification to lose; There is part to lose, has part to be fixed and lost fertilizer efficiency, so the required fertilizer quantity of one ton of sugarcane of every product is Duoed about 1 to 2 times than above-mentioned by some element in the soil with current.Sugarcane can be divided into seedling stage, tillering phase, elongating stage, technical maturity all one's life.The ratio of sugarcane absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 2:1:2.2.Seedling stage the absorbed dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is accounted for respectively and absorb 8%, 9%, 4% of total amount the time of infertility; Account for 16%, 18%, 14% respectively to tillering phase, account for 66%, 68%, 74% respectively, account for 10%, 6%, 8% respectively to the ripening stage to elongating stage; Be that sugarcane production will have sufficient nutrient supply early stage; To promote root system development, early tiller, tiller more, improve the sugarcane number of productive tiller.Sugarcane production mid-term (elongating stage) is significantly to inhale fertile peak.Expansion along with cultivated area; The existence of many factors such as production technique for fertilizer falls behind; Caused in actual production and to have selected using and having only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macroelement of single fertilizer in order to consider planting cost, do not had or not exclusively have middle trace element, special elements and organic fertilizer to use, thereby cause the sugarcane per unit area yield low; That have even the underproduction, sugar is not high.Present sugarcane fertilizer also can only play and improve nutrient and the effect that improves soil simultaneously, can not reach the double effects of control sugarcane insect.Therefore will arrive two kinds of effects must be through twice fertilising, and this had both increased the labor force, had increased production cost again.
Chinese patent number: ZL200810058374.3, denomination of invention is: disclose a kind of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer in a kind of patent of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer, contained the effective constituent of following mass percent in this special use fertilizer: N 10%, P
2O
510%, K
2O
521.7 parts in urea, 62.5 parts of superphosphate of lime, 8.9 parts in 9.6 parts of vitriolate of tartar or Repone K, 6.2 ~ 6.9 parts of stopping composition (being the mixed that filter mud and clay are pressed 7:3).Though should can improve per unit area yield and the sugar of sugarcane to a certain extent by special use fertilizer, the sugarcane proiprietary formula does not relate to and will add moderate-element, trace element, beneficial element can not well satisfy the fertile requirement of need of sugarcane.Therefore develop a kind of new special compound fertilizer for sugar cane,, increase the demand of sugar with the current cane planting raising the output of better adaptation.
Summary of the invention
The sugarcane composite fertilizer that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of special use; It has taken all factors into consideration nutrient supply characteristics and the cane planting characteristics and the growth regulation of fertilizer requirement of China's cane-growing region soil; With improve the ecological environment, eliminate spinoff, fertilizing soil that fertilizer brings, improve Soil structure, not harden, provide plant nutrition be purpose to loosing soil; Through combinations such as inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element, trace elements; Both satisfy the sugarcane production demand, improved output and sugar content.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
The present invention uses sugarcane composite fertilizer, and its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent of its each ingredients constitute sugarcane composite fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer 16% ~ 29%, fertilizer 15 ~ 30%, aminoacids complex 5% ~ 15%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.03% ~ 0.1%;
The strong sulfuric acid response that described aminoacids complex adds behind the Enamel jar more than 80 ~ 98% for the food slag that adopts difficult degradations such as animal skin, slaughter-house refuse, silk cocoon waste residue is put into 3 ~ 18 hours; After animal skin dissolves basically, regulate pH to 5-7 with unslaked lime again and form; The per kilogram waste material adds 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of the vitriol oil more than 80 ~ 98%; The described animal skin that comprises comprises human hair, pig hair, ox hair, waste wool, the rabbit hair, chicken feather, drake feather and leather waste.
The element that contains following mass percent in the said inorganic fertilizer, N 6%～20%, P2O5 4%～15%, K2O 4%～20%;
Said moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; The element that contains following mass percent in the moderate-element, Mg 0.5%～2.0%, Ca2.0%～10.00%, S 1.0%～5.00%;
Said trace element is boron, zinc, copper; The element that contains following mass percent in the trace element, B 0.010%～0.2%, Zn 0.010%～0.20%, Cu0.010%～0.20%;
N element in the said inorganic fertilizer element is by one or more provide in urea, ammonium chloride, the monoammonium phosphate; P
2O
5One or both provide in providing for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, superphosphate of lime, monoammonium phosphate; K
2O is that Repone K or vitriolate of tartar provide;
Mg element in the described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, the sal epsom that contains crystal water, magnesium chloride, magnesian one or more material mixes provides; The Ca element is mixed by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, superphosphate of lime, white lime, gypsum to be provided; The S element is mixed by one or more the material in the sal epsom that contains crystal water, superphosphate of lime, zinc sulfate, vitriolate of tartar, gypsum, the sulphur to be provided;
B element in the described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; The Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate that contains crystal water; The Cu element is provided by copper sulfate.
Said fertilizer comprises: comprise paulownia bran, tea bran, manioc waste, waste molasses, filter mud of sugar refinery, food factory's waste material, animal excrement, Chinese medicine slag, natural pond slag, edible fungi leftovers and husk, sugared mud, furfural dregs, crop stalk product by fermentation.
Used zymophyte is the biological organic fertilizer special use of Henan Hebi City hundred production of the thinking bio tech ltd bacterial classification microbial inoculum that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and every 10000kg fertilizer raw material adds the biological organic fertilizer special use bacterial classification 1kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.This biological organic fertilizer special use bacterial classification microbial inoculum that becomes thoroughly decomposed is rich in plant-growth bacteria beneficial, yeast, thread fungus and associated biomolecule enzyme; By multiple bacterial strains such as the fungi that can decompose feces of livestock and poultry strongly, bacterium, thread fungus, yeast and relevant enzymes is composite forms; Divide two types of pulvis and liquid; Be aerobic fermentation, decomposing protein is very competent, can reach simultaneously the effect of intensification, deodorizing, elimination disease and pest, weed seed and enrichment nutrient.
The fermentative prodn operating procedure of fertilizer of the present invention is following: 1, be tiled in the fermenter bottom to the fertilizer raw material of required fermentation, moisture content is smaller or equal to 8%; 2, it is even to add the biological organic fertilizer special use abundant fusion of bacterial classification 1kg of becoming thoroughly decomposed with every 10000kg fertilizer raw material.
3, the moisture content that regulates should be about 60%, holds agglomeratingly, and a finger resilience energy gently scatters, and does not drip in the middle of the webs for being prone to; 4, pile ridge 10-20 days, the temperature 60-75 degree of fertilizer is kept in turning every day 1 time.
The working method that the present invention uses sugarcane composite fertilizer is: aminoacids complex and the fertilizer that ferments are mixed earlier, inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, moderate-element and micro-and close the amino acid fertilizer remix, promptly get then.
Application process of the present invention: new plant cane is opened the plantation ditch earlier, then the present invention is applied the ditch both sides, puts earthing after the sugarcane kind.The combination intertill and clean tillage that topdresses, the fertilising ridging.Stubble cane is executed the back earthing in the disposable row replacement of sugarcane early tillering stage weeding ditching; Or spread fertilizer over the fields behind the rain.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, use special compound fertilizer for sugar cane of the present invention high in technological content: the biological organic fertilizer special use of thinking the production of bio tech ltd with Henan Hebi City hundred become thoroughly decomposed bacterial classification microbial inoculum and fertilizer fermenting raw materials; The amino acid that is equipped with the animal skin hydrolysis and gets; Refining the forming of utilization modern high technology biotechnology, nutrient is complete, content is high, fertilizer efficiency is long.
2, can effectively improve sugar content after sugarcane is used, also can be used for fruit trees and vegetables, use back flower and fruit protecting rate and improve more than 25%.The increasing both production and income high efficiency generally can be increased production more than 25%, and effect is obvious.
3, improve product quality: after the use, crop growth is more natural, and product special flavour is good, and sugarcane sugarcane stem is sturdy, and sugar degree is high, and the leaf look light green.
4, cost less investment: use this fertilizer can reduce the usage quantity of chemical fertilizer, reduce cost.
5, diseases and pests of agronomic crop is few: can make the farm crop well developed root system after the use, stem is slightly full of leaves, and is resistant to lodging.This fertilizer contains a large amount of useful microbe viable bacterias, can effectively suppress the growth of harmful bacterium, reduces the generation of disease and pest.
6, optimization is grown: after using, can shift to an earlier date 8-10 days results.The inorganic fertilizer that grows than uses of sugarcane and farm crop is good.
7, improve environmental nonpollution: this fertilizer can be eliminated the spinoff that chemical fertilizer brings, and improves environment, fertilizing soil.
8, widely applicable and excellent: as to be applicable to various farm crop, to improve Soil structure: life-time service, loosing soil does not harden, and is prone to farming.
9, fertilizer efficiency is excellent: allocated rational npk nutrient into according to the crop growth needs in process of production, peasants can be used as base manure or intertillage relieved, easily and topdress.
10, play temperature soon: when temperature was more than 0 ℃, temperature rose to more than 55 ℃ in 48 hours.The organic sulfide that produces stink, organic nitrogen compound etc. can be fully decomposed in the fowl poultry kind ight soil, stink can be eliminated in intensification 2-3 days.
11, compost cycle weak point became thoroughly decomposed in 10-15 days fully.
12, compost high temperature (55 ℃-70 ℃) is lasting, can kill germ, worm's ovum, weed seed in the fermented product.
13, the loss of compost total nutrient is few, and humus content is high, and the potassium cellulose content increases obviously.
14, adopt Henan Hebi City hundred to think that the biological organic fertilizer special use of the bio tech ltd production bacterial classification microbial inoculum that becomes thoroughly decomposed can use the refuse fermentation on plant, fruits and vegetables base, tobacco seedling and farms such as sugarcane filter mud, manioc waste, food factory, livestock and poultry or earthworm.It can promote nutritive elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium to shift and enrichment to growth part from the maturing part of sugarcane, improves the content effect of nutritive element in sugarcane stem growth part and sugarcane leaf.Thereby promoted the growth of sugarcane, the synthetic and accumulation of sucrose.Improve per unit area yield, improve sugar degree and increase economic efficiency.
Method of use
Sugarcane: execute 75-100 kilograms for every mu and make base manure, execute 150-200 kilograms of do elongation fertilizer, blinding after general trench digging imposes in the ditch for every mu when earthing up greatly.
Paddy rice: execute 50-60 kilograms for every mu and make base manure, be spread on the field face before the plow harrow field, sneak in the topsoil uniformly through the plow harrow field.
Cassava: execute 150-200 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed for every mu, generally when whole ground, execute down.
Peanut: execute 50-75 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed for every mu, generally when whole ground, execute down.Note sowing after fertilizer is executed down bonnet last layer thin soil, do not let seed directly contact with fertilizer.
Corn: execute 50-75 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed for every mu, generally when whole ground, execute down.
Huai Shan: execute 200-250 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed for every mu, generally when whole ground, execute down.
Melon and fruit class: execute 150-200 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed for every mu, generally when whole ground, execute down.
Leaf vegetables: execute 75-100 kilograms (Chinese cabbage can be executed 100-150 kilograms) to make base manure disposable employed for every mu, generally when whole ground, execute down.
Fruit tree: generally can when combine clear garden to expand the cave autumn and winter, every strain use 5-10 kilograms (looking fruit tree size, the adjustment flexibly of output height), can be mixed together with the weeds in clear garden and execute in the ditch that expands the cave, execute one deck fertilizer weeds lid layer soil.
Attention: should suitably adjust amount of application based on soil fertility level, crop varieties, yield level etc. during use.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 16% (6-5-5), organic matter 15% in the fertilizer, 1000 kilograms (6-5-5 refers to N, P respectively to the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer of aminoacids complex 15%
2O5, K
2The nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
The composition of raw materials ratio: 135 kilograms in urea (containing N by 46.0%), fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (contains P for 280 kilograms
2O
5By 18.0%, contain Mg by 9%, contain Ca by 28.4%, contain Si by 12.7%), vitriolate of tartar (contains K for 80 kilograms
2O is by 50.0%; Contain S by 17.0%), 1 kilogram of borax (containing B), 0.5 kilogram of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate (containing Zn) by 23% by 11%; 0.5 kilogram of anhydrous cupric sulfate (containing Cu) by 25%; 30 kilograms of aminoacids complexs (containing organic) by 50%, 1000 kilograms of fertilizer raw materials, become thoroughly decomposed 0.1 kilogram of bacterial classification of biological organic fertilizer special use.
Aminoacids complex is the strong sulfuric acid response that adopts animal skin to be put into to add behind the Enamel jar 80 ~ 98% or more 3 ~ 18 hours, after animal skin dissolves basically, forms with unslaked lime adjusting pH to 5-7 again; The per kilogram waste material adds 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of the vitriol oil more than 80 ~ 98%.
The preparation method: above-mentioned solid material is pulverized through gravity system, fully fusion evenly, press the granulation of drum granulating method, the particle sub-sieve, automatic gauge is packed, and promptly gets finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
Embodiment 2
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 25% (10-5-10), organic matter 20% in the fertilizer, 1000 kilograms of the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizers of aminoacids complex 15%.
The composition of raw materials ratio: 230 kilograms in urea (containing N by 46.0%), fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (contains P for 280 kilograms
2O
5By 18.0%, contain Mg by 9%, contain Ca by 28.4%, contain Si by 12.7%), vitriolate of tartar (contains K for 200 kilograms
2O is by 50.0%; Contain S by 17.0%), 1 kilogram of borax (containing B), 0.5 kilogram of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate (containing Zn) by 23% by 11%; 0.5 kilogram of anhydrous cupric sulfate (containing Cu) by 25%; 30 kilograms of aminoacids complexs (containing organic) by 50%, 500 kilograms of fertilizer raw materials, become thoroughly decomposed 0.05 kilogram of bacterial classification of biological organic fertilizer special use.
Aminoacids complex is the strong sulfuric acid response that adopts slaughter-house refuse and silk cocoon waste residue to be put into to add behind the Enamel jar more than 80 ~ 98% 3 ~ 18 hours, after animal skin dissolves basically, forms with unslaked lime adjusting pH to 5-7 again; The per kilogram waste material adds 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of the vitriol oil more than 80 ~ 98%.
The preparation method: above-mentioned solid material is pulverized through gravity system, fully fusion evenly, press the granulation of drum granulating method, the particle sub-sieve, automatic gauge is packed, and promptly gets finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
Embodiment 3
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 30% (13-6-12), organic matter 30% in the fertilizer, 1000 kilograms of the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizers of aminoacids complex 15%.
The composition of raw materials ratio: 290 kilograms in urea (containing N by 46.0%), fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (contains P for 320 kilograms
2O
5By 18.0%, contain Mg by 9%, contain Ca by 28.4%; Contain Si by 12.7%), 250 kilograms of vitriolate of tartar (contain K2O by 50.0%, contain S) by 17.0%; 1 kilogram of borax (containing B) by 11%, 0.5 kilogram of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate (containing Zn), 0.5 kilogram of anhydrous cupric sulfate (containing Cu) by 25% by 23%; 30 kilograms of aminoacids complexs (containing organic) by 50%, 1500 kilograms of fertilizer raw materials, become thoroughly decomposed 0.15 kilogram of bacterial classification of biological organic fertilizer special use.
Aminoacids complex is the strong sulfuric acid response that adopts animal skin and useless bean dregs to be put into to add behind the Enamel jar 80 ~ 98% or more 3 ~ 18 hours, after animal skin dissolves basically, forms with unslaked lime adjusting pH to 5-7 again; The per kilogram waste material adds 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of the vitriol oil more than 80 ~ 98%.
The preparation method: above-mentioned solid material is pulverized through gravity system, fully fusion evenly, press the granulation of drum granulating method, the particle sub-sieve, automatic gauge is packed, and promptly gets finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
Gui Nan farm, North Sea Nankang farm, sugarcane farm, Jingxi, Baise, Chong Zuo are carried product of the present invention and application process on the back the donkey town, the sugarcane on farm, guest Red River is tried out.Compare with a kind of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of like product, using product ratio of the present invention, to use like product sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer effect remarkable, and per unit area yield on average increases production more than 14.5%, increases the sugar amount more than 15%.
The fertilizer efficiency contrast table was used on the Gui Nan farm in 2010:
Explain: other sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer for buying in the market.
The fertilizer efficiency contrast table is used on sugarcane farm, Jingxi, Baise in 2010:
Explain: the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer that other provides for sugar refinery.
Chong Zuo in 2010 carries the donkey town on the back and uses the fertilizer efficiency contrast table:
Explain: the common fertilizer that other is bought for the market.
Claims (7)
1. special-purpose sugarcane composite fertilizer, it is characterized in that: its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent of its each ingredients constitute sugarcane composite fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer 16% ~ 29%, fertilizer 15 ~ 30%, aminoacids complex 5% ~ 15%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.03% ~ 0.1%;
The strong sulfuric acid response that described aminoacids complex adds behind the Enamel jar more than 80 ~ 98% for the food slag that adopts animal skin, slaughter-house refuse, silk cocoon waste residue and difficult degradation is put into 3 ~ 18 hours; After animal skin dissolves basically, regulate pH to 5-7 with unslaked lime again and form; The per kilogram waste material adds 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of the vitriol oil more than 80 ~ 98%.
2. special-purpose sugarcane according to claim 1 composite fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; The element M g 0.5%～2.0%, Ca2.0%～10.00%, the S 1.0%～5.00% that contain following mass percent in the said moderate-element.
3. special-purpose sugarcane according to claim 1 composite fertilizer; It is characterized in that: said trace element is boron, zinc, copper; The element B 0.010%～0.2%, the Zn 0.010%～0.20% that contain following mass percent in the said trace element, Cu0.010%～0.20%.
4. special-purpose sugarcane according to claim 1 composite fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said inorganic fertilizer element is element N 6%～20%, the P that contains following mass percent in nitrogen, phosphorus, the said inorganic fertilizer of potassium
2O
54%～15%, K
2O 4%～20%.
5. special-purpose sugarcane according to claim 1 composite fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the N element in the said inorganic fertilizer element is by one or more provide in urea, ammonium chloride, the monoammonium phosphate; P
2O
5One or both provide in providing for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, superphosphate of lime, monoammonium phosphate; K
2O is that Repone K or vitriolate of tartar provide; Mg element in the described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, the sal epsom that contains crystal water, magnesium chloride, magnesian one or more material mixes provides; The Ca element is mixed by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, superphosphate of lime, white lime, gypsum to be provided; The S element is mixed by one or more the material in the sal epsom that contains crystal water, superphosphate of lime, zinc sulfate, vitriolate of tartar, gypsum, the sulphur to be provided; B element in the described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; The Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate that contains crystal water; The Cu element is provided by copper sulfate.
6. special-purpose sugarcane composite fertilizer according to claim 1 and working method thereof; It is characterized in that: said fertilizer comprises: paulownia bran, tea bran, manioc waste, waste molasses, filter mud of sugar refinery, food factory's waste material and animal excrement add the product that zymophyte obtains by fermentation; Used zymophyte is the biological organic fertilizer special use of Henan Hebi City hundred production of the thinking bio tech ltd bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and every 10000kg fertilizer raw material adds the biological organic fertilizer special use bacterial classification 1kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
7. the working method of the described special-purpose sugarcane of claim 1 composite fertilizer; It is characterized in that: aminoacids complex is mixed earlier with the fertilizer that ferments; Inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element and aminoacids complex fertilizer remix, promptly get then.
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| CN106748454A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 广州市陶源农业有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection concentrated organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106957196A (en) * | 2017-04-08 | 2017-07-18 | 叶长东 | A kind of Organic-inorganic fertilizer for including sugar refinery discarded object |
| CN108821862A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-16 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of compound fertilizer preparation method improving sugarcane sugariness |
| CN112898088A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 广东省科学院生物工程研究所 | Fertilizer for promoting root growth of perennial root sugarcane and application thereof |
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