CN102816020A - Special fertilizer for watermelon base fertilizer as well as preparation method of special fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a special fertilizer for a watermelon base fertilizer. The special fertilizer is prepared by the following raw materials by weight: 10-20 parts of oil tea cakes, 5-6 parts of coated urea, 20-25 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 18-22 parts of coated potassium chloride, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 0.2-0.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 10-12 parts of attapulgite, 5-7 parts of plant ashes, 3-4 parts of neem bark powders, 3-4 parts of bone powders, 10-15 parts of bagasse, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-22 parts of municipal sludge, 3-4 parts of carboxymethylcellulose, 15-20 parts of 30% of sulfuric acid, 5-10 parts of limes, 10-15 parts of animal hairs and 4-6 parts of liquid paraffin. A preparation method for the special fertilizer comprises the steps as follows: carrying out acidolysis on the hairs to obtain amino acid; generating an amino acid chelated micro or medium fertilizer solution; sintering the potassium feldspar to prepare a fertilizer carrier; fermenting by an organic fertilizer; mixing a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer and the carrier with the organic fertilizer and a plant insecticide; spraying the amino acid chelated micro or medium fertilizer solution; granulating; and coating with the liquid paraffin at last. According to the special fertilizer, the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency can be remarkably increased, the slow release effect is achieved, the fertilizing amount is reduced, and the pesticide residues are reduced, so that the yield of watermelon is increased and the quality of watermelon is increased.

Description

Special-purpose fertilizer of a kind of watermelon base manure and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the agricultural fertilizer field, be specifically related to special-purpose fertilizer of watermelon base manure and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

China is a large agricultural country, and chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals are being brought into play crucial effect in agriculture prodn, the raising of Along with people's standard of living and health perception, and people pay much attention to the security of agricultural-food, and demand nuisanceless, green food is increased year by year.

The used fertilizer type of current growth of watermelon is a lot, and wherein fertilizer special for watermelon adopts the NPK composite fertilizer that can buy on the market mostly, and it mainly is made up of N, P, K three big inorganic elementss, can satisfy the growth needs of watermelon at short notice.But life-time service can make soil aggregate destroyed, and is prone to cause soil compaction, soil property hardening, thereby influences watermelon growing, and is not obvious to the watermelon growing promoter action.Though simple fertilizer is rich in organic matter simultaneously, nutrient discharges slowly, and watermelon absorbs slowly, fertilizer efficiency is low, does not reach active balance between the various available nutrients.

Watermelon prevention and elimination of disease and pests at present mainly is formulated with chemical synthetic pesticide and poisonous chemical principle medicine; Be manured into soil or agricultural watermelon on, life-time service year in year out, a large amount of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer; Cause insect to produce resistance; Water source soil and agricultural watermelon are polluted, and agricultural product quality descends, the pesticide residue physical and mental health that seriously has a strong impact on people and China's watermelon competitive power in the world market that exceeds standard.

Therefore, developing a kind of brand-new watermelon base manure dedicated fertilizer is the task of top priority, and fertilizer of the present invention can supply nutrients for watermelon; The effect that has desinsection, sterilization, promotion growth again; And do not have resistance, various pests is all had repelling and killing efficacy, and people and animals and surrounding environment are not had any pollution.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, the invention provides special-purpose fertilizer of a kind of watermelon base manure and preparation method thereof.Fertilizer of the present invention combines fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, middle trace element and plant insecticide composition, and prescription is reasonable, and nutrition is more comprehensive, balanced, and result of use is good, thereby has improved the yield and quality of watermelon.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:

Oil tea cake 10-20, coated carbamide 5-6, primary ammonium phosphate 20-25, coating Repone K 18-22, wilkinite 20-30, ferrous sulfate 0.2-0.5, zinc sulfate 1-2, manganous sulfate 0.1-0.3, attapulgite 10-12, plant ash 5-7, seal neem bark powder 3-4, bone meal 3-4, bagasse 10-15; Potassium felspar sand 10-15, municipal sludge 18-22; CMC 99.5 3-4,30% sulfuric acid 15-20, lime 5-10, animal hair 10-15, whiteruss 1-2.

The special-purpose fertile preparation method of described watermelon base manure is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

(1) earlier animal hair is added in 30% sulfuric acid; 100-110 ℃ following hydrolysis 1-2 hour, generate amino acid, add lime then and be neutralized to Ph value 6.0-6.8; Add CMC 99.5 again; Add ferrous sulfate 0, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate dissolving at last,, generate little, the middle fertilizer liquid of chelating amino acids 90-105 ℃ of reaction 5-6 hour;

(2) with potassium felspar sand after 400-500 ℃ of sintering 6-8 hour, the whiteruss that adds about 1-2% grinds to form nanometer powder, mixes with wilkinite again;

(3) adopt During High-Temperature Composting fermentation fertilizer; Get oil tea cake, bagasse, municipal sludge and add an amount of subtilis, mix the back heap fermentation, turning in 5-10 days once; Leavening temperature 60-65 ℃; Fermentation time is 30-40 days, in heap, is covered with the fertilizer that a large amount of white hyphas promptly obtain fermentation finished thoroughly1, and is for use;

(4) coated carbamide, primary ammonium phosphate, coating Repone K are mixed pulverizing, mix with the fertilizer that attapulgite, plant ash, step (3) ferment again, and pulverize, cross the 100-200 mesh sieve;

(5) biotic pesticide are printed neem bark powder and bone meal and mix after, again with the material thorough mixing of step (2), (4);

(6) little, the middle fertilizer liquid of chelating amino acids that step (1) is made sprays in the mixture of step (5), fully mixes the back thoroughly and drops into the tablets press granulation, and last spraying liquid paraffin carries out coating, and it is special-purpose fertile promptly to get watermelon base manure.

Fertilizer of the present invention is exclusively used in the base manure of watermelon, every mu of fertilising 80-100kg.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

(1) the present invention adopts acid hydrolysis hair etc. to generate amino acid, and centering, trace element carry out chelating then, and CMC 99.5 has increased its chelate structure, in helping, trace element effectively utilizes, in having reduced, the invalid release of trace element;

(2) the potassium felspar sand composition adds whiteruss and grinds through after the scaling loss, has increased adsorption structure, and anti-simultaneously caking increases its dispersiveness;

(3) increased inorganic slowly-releasing composition such as attapulgite and soil improvement composition such as bagasse, plant ash in the prescription, effectively slowly release, the watermelon that help fertilizer efficiency fully absorb;

(4) adding of plant insecticide composition can effectively reduce the soil disease and pest, and does not produce agricultural residual phenomenon, does not develop immunity to drugs.

In a word, fertilizer of the present invention can obviously improve the fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio.Can single-dose application, slowly effectively discharge, can reduce Effects of Fertilization Frequency, reduce dose, reduce production costs, it is residual to reduce farming.Improve the yield and quality of watermelon.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Take by weighing oil tea cake 10 kg, coated carbamide kg, primary ammonium phosphate 20kg, coating Repone K 6kg, wilkinite 20kg, ferrous sulfate 0.2kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, manganous sulfate 0.1kg, attapulgite 12kg, plant ash 5kg, seal neem bark powder 3kg, bone meal 4kg, bagasse 10kg; Potassium felspar sand 15kg, municipal sludge 22kg; CMC 99.5 3kg, 30% sulfuric acid 15kg, lime 10kg, animal hair 15kg; Whiteruss 1kg

The preparation method:

(1) earlier animal hair is added in 30% sulfuric acid; 100-110 ℃ following hydrolysis 1-2 hour, generate amino acid, add lime then and be neutralized to Ph value 6.0-6.8; Add CMC 99.5 again; Add ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate dissolving at last,, generate little, the middle fertilizer liquid of chelating amino acids 90-105 ℃ of reaction 5-6 hour;

(2) with potassium felspar sand at 450 ℃ of sintering after 7 hours, add about 1.5% whiteruss and grind to form nanometer powder, mix with wilkinite again;

(3) adopt During High-Temperature Composting fermentation fertilizer; Get oil tea cake, bagasse, municipal sludge and add an amount of subtilis, mix the back heap fermentation, all turnings once; 65 ℃ of leavening temperatures; Fermentation time is 35 days, in heap, is covered with the fertilizer that a large amount of white hyphas promptly obtain fermentation finished thoroughly1, and is for use;

(4) coated carbamide, primary ammonium phosphate, coating Repone K are mixed pulverizing, mix with the fertilizer that attapulgite, plant ash, step (3) ferment again, and pulverize, cross 150 mesh sieves;

(5) biotic pesticide are printed neem bark powder and bone meal and mix after, again with the material thorough mixing of step (2), (4);

(6) little, the middle fertilizer liquid of chelating amino acids that step (1) is made sprays in the mixture of step (5), fully mixes the back thoroughly and drops into the tablets press granulation, and last spraying liquid paraffin carries out coating, and it is special-purpose fertile promptly to get watermelon base manure.

Embodiment 2

Take by weighing oil tea cake 20kg, coated carbamide 5kg, primary ammonium phosphate 19kg, coating Repone K 5kg, wilkinite 30kg, ferrous sulfate 0.3kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, manganous sulfate 0.2kg, attapulgite 12kg, plant ash 7kg, seal neem bark powder 4kg, bone meal 3kg, bagasse 12kg; Potassium felspar sand 15kg, municipal sludge 19kg; CMC 99.5 3kg, 30% sulfuric acid 18kg, lime 6kg, animal hair 15kg; Whiteruss 1kg

The preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

Take by weighing oil tea cake 16kg, coated carbamide 4 kg, primary ammonium phosphate 20kg, coating Repone K 7kg, wilkinite 28kg, ferrous sulfate 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 2kg, manganous sulfate 0.1kg, attapulgite 10kg, plant ash 8kg, seal neem bark powder 4kg, bone meal 4kg, bagasse 13kg; Potassium felspar sand 10 kg, municipal sludge 22kg; CMC 99.5 3 kg, 30% sulfuric acid, 15 kg, lime 8kg, animal hair 14kg; Whiteruss 1kg

The preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Experimental data

Choose the watermelon farmland of two same area sizes, wherein a farmland uses watermelon base manure of the present invention special-purpose fertile, and common NPK fertilizers is used in another piece farmland, finds through contrast after a while:

Use watermelon in the special-purpose fertile farmland of watermelon base manure of the present invention germinate fast, plant is healthy, the melon seedling is glossy, fast growth; Watermelon melon after the maturation is big, and melon pulp is red, and sugariness is high; Output increases; Compare with the farmland of not using product of the present invention, every mu is increased production about 820 kilograms, and the disease and pest in the farmland of use product of the present invention also significantly reduces.

From above-mentioned the special-purpose fertilizer of watermelon base manure of the present invention preventing disease and pest effectively can be described, and this fertilizer is balanced in nutrition, can promote agricultural watermelon better to grow, and improves edatope, improves The yield of watermelon and quality.

Claims (2)

1. a watermelon base manure is special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that, is processed by the raw material of following weight part:

Oil tea cake 10-20, coated carbamide 5-6, primary ammonium phosphate 20-25, coating Repone K 18-22, wilkinite 20-30, ferrous sulfate 0.2-0.5, zinc sulfate 1-2, manganous sulfate 0.1-0.3, attapulgite 10-12, plant ash 5-7, seal neem bark powder 3-4, bone meal 3-4, bagasse 10-15; Potassium felspar sand 10-15, municipal sludge 18-22; CMC 99.5 3-4,30% sulfuric acid 15-20, lime 5-10, animal hair 10-15, whiteruss 1-2.

2. the special-purpose fertile preparation method of watermelon base manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

(1) earlier animal hair is added in 30% sulfuric acid; 100-110 ℃ following hydrolysis 1-2 hour, generate amino acid, add lime then and be neutralized to Ph value 6.0-6.8; Add CMC 99.5 again; Add ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate dissolving at last,, generate little, the middle fertilizer liquid of chelating amino acids 90-105 ℃ of reaction 5-6 hour;

(2) with potassium felspar sand after 400-500 ℃ of sintering 6-8 hour, the whiteruss that adds about 1-2% grinds to form nanometer powder, mixes with wilkinite again;

(3) adopt During High-Temperature Composting fermentation fertilizer; Get oil tea cake, bagasse, municipal sludge and add an amount of subtilis, mix the back heap fermentation, turning in 5-10 days once; Leavening temperature 60-65 ℃; Fermentation time is 30-40 days, in heap, is covered with the fertilizer that a large amount of white hyphas promptly obtain fermentation finished thoroughly1, and is for use;

(4) coated carbamide, primary ammonium phosphate, coating Repone K are mixed pulverizing, mix with the fertilizer that attapulgite, plant ash, step (3) ferment again, and pulverize, cross the 100-200 mesh sieve;

(5) biotic pesticide are printed neem bark powder and bone meal and mix after, again with the material thorough mixing of step (2), (4);

(6) little, the middle fertilizer liquid of chelating amino acids that step (1) is made sprays in the mixture of step (5), fully mixes the back thoroughly and drops into the tablets press granulation, and last spraying liquid paraffin carries out coating, and it is special-purpose fertile promptly to get watermelon base manure.