WO2020220844A1 - 一种分拣*** - Google Patents
一种分拣*** Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020220844A1 WO2020220844A1 PCT/CN2020/079122 CN2020079122W WO2020220844A1 WO 2020220844 A1 WO2020220844 A1 WO 2020220844A1 CN 2020079122 W CN2020079122 W CN 2020079122W WO 2020220844 A1 WO2020220844 A1 WO 2020220844A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tension
- horizontal direction
- trolley
- rail
- sorting
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
- B07C3/02—Apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C3/08—Apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution using arrangements of conveyors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
- B07C3/10—Apparatus characterised by the means used for detection ofthe destination
- B07C3/14—Apparatus characterised by the means used for detection ofthe destination using light-responsive detecting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
- B65G17/30—Details; Auxiliary devices
- B65G17/32—Individual load-carriers
- B65G17/34—Individual load-carriers having flat surfaces, e.g. platforms, grids, forks
- B65G17/345—Individual load-carriers having flat surfaces, e.g. platforms, grids, forks the surfaces being equipped with a conveyor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
- B65G47/94—Devices for flexing or tilting travelling structures; Throw-off carriages
- B65G47/96—Devices for tilting links or platform
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G21/00—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors
- B65G21/20—Means incorporated in, or attached to, framework or housings for guiding load-carriers, traction elements or loads supported on moving surfaces
- B65G21/22—Rails or the like engaging sliding elements or rollers attached to load-carriers or traction elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
- B65G2207/18—Crossing conveyors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G23/00—Driving gear for endless conveyors; Belt- or chain-tensioning arrangements
- B65G23/44—Belt or chain tensioning arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/22—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/22—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
- B65G47/24—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles
- B65G47/244—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles by turning them about an axis substantially perpendicular to the conveying plane
- B65G47/2445—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles by turning them about an axis substantially perpendicular to the conveying plane by means of at least two co-operating endless conveying elements
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the technical field of logistics devices, and in particular to a sorting system.
- cross-belt sorters In the logistics industry, when sorting packages, cross-belt sorters are usually used. Currently, the most commonly used sorters are circular cross-belt sorters and vertical cross-belt sorters.
- the cross belt sorter is a closed conveying and sorting system composed of a group of trolleys, generally in a ring shape. The trolley moves along the track. The surface belt of the trolley can rotate in the horizontal and vertical direction of the movement of the trolley to put the parcels into the corresponding grid. In the mouth.
- the current circular cross-belt sorter and vertical cross-belt sorter have a long turning radius and a long trolley pitch (the trolley pitch refers to the distance between the central axes of two adjacent trolleys), usually 600mm .
- the trolley pitch refers to the distance between the central axes of two adjacent trolleys
- 600mm the trolley pitch refers to the distance between the central axes of two adjacent trolleys
- a small package also needs to occupy a trolley, resulting in a waste of transportation resources.
- parcels when transported on a trolley, they may be skewed, causing throwing obstacles. If the pitch of the trolley is large, a trolley only carries one package, which is difficult to achieve automatic parcel correction, and the correction is not accurate.
- One of the main purposes of the present disclosure is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the related technology and provide a sorting system that can reduce the pitch of trolleys, save transportation resources, and can also transport one package with multiple trolleys, using the control system , Realize the automatic correction of the parcel placement position, save manpower, and make the sorting more accurate.
- the sorting system includes a transmission mechanism and a control system.
- Transmission mechanism including: frame, two rollers, chain and multiple carts. Two rollers are arranged on the frame at intervals along the first horizontal direction.
- the chain is wound around the two rollers.
- a plurality of trolleys are respectively connected to the chain and arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction.
- Each of the trolleys includes a car body and a sorting and conveying mechanism provided on the car body. The bottom of the car body is connected to the According to the chain, the sorting and conveying mechanism is configured to carry and convey the package in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction.
- the control system includes a controller connected to the transport mechanism, the controller is configured to control the transport mechanism to transport the package in the first horizontal direction, and is configured to independently control all the trolleys.
- the sorting and conveying mechanism conveys the package along the second horizontal direction.
- the sorting and conveying mechanism includes a driving roller, a tension roller and a conveyor belt.
- the driving roller is provided on the vehicle body.
- the tension roller is arranged on the vehicle body and is spaced apart from the driving roller.
- the conveyor belt is wound around the driving roller and the tension roller.
- the controller is configured to control the driving roller to control the forward or reverse movement of the conveyor belt in the second horizontal direction to adjust the position of the package.
- the trolley further includes wheels arranged on both sides of the vehicle body, the frame includes an upper rail, arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the frame, and the wheels are connected to the upper part of the frame.
- the trolley further includes wheels arranged on both sides of the vehicle body, the frame includes a lower rail, and the lower rail is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the frame, so The wheel is in sliding fit with the lower rail.
- the wheel includes: a wheel body and a wheel axle.
- the wheel shaft is inserted through the wheel body, and the gap between the end of the wheel shaft close to the frame and the inner side of the frame is 1 to 5 mm.
- the end surface of the wheel axle close to the end of the frame is a curved surface.
- the frame further includes an upper cover and an anti-wear strip.
- One side of the upper cover is arranged on the frame, and the other side extends above the upper rail to cover the wheels on the upper rail.
- the wear-resistant strip is made of wear-resistant material.
- the wear-resistant strip is arranged inside the frame along the first horizontal direction and is located between the upper cover and the upper rail.
- the wear-resistant strip is It is configured to prevent wear of the wheel axle and the inner side of the frame.
- the wear-resistant material is ultra-high molecular polyethylene.
- the rack further includes: shock-absorbing feet, which are arranged on both sides of the rack to support the rack.
- the transmission mechanism further includes a connecting member, and the chain is connected to the bottom of the trolley through the connecting member.
- one of the two rollers is an active roller, and the other is a passive roller.
- the active roller includes a drive sprocket, a bearing seat, a drive axle, and a drive motor.
- the drive sprocket meshes with the chain.
- the bearing seat is arranged on the frame.
- the driving wheel shaft is penetrated in the center of the driving sprocket, and both ends are penetrated in the bearing seat.
- the drive motor is in transmission connection with the drive wheel shaft and is configured to drive the drive wheel shaft to rotate and drive the drive sprocket to rotate.
- one of the two rollers is an active roller, and the other is a passive roller.
- the passive roller includes a tension sprocket, a tension wheel shaft, and a tension assembly.
- the tension sprocket meshes with the chain.
- the tension wheel shaft passes through the center of the tension sprocket.
- the tension assembly is connected to the end of the tension wheel shaft and is configured to adjust the tension of the chain by adjusting the displacement of the tension wheel shaft in the first horizontal direction.
- the tensioning assembly includes a sliding rail, a tensioning spring, a tensioning rod, and an elasticity adjusting assembly.
- the sliding rail is arranged on the rack along the first horizontal direction, and the sliding rail is provided with a sliding groove.
- the tension spring is connected to one end of the sliding rail along the first horizontal direction.
- the tension rod is arranged through the sliding rail and the tension spring in sequence along the first horizontal direction.
- An elastic force adjusting component is arranged at one end of the tension spring away from the slide rail, connects the tension rod and the tension spring, and compresses or stretches the tension spring. Wherein, one end of the tension rod is connected with the tension wheel shaft, and the end of the tension wheel shaft is slidably arranged in the sliding groove.
- the transmission mechanism further includes: a first shock-absorbing rail, which is arranged inside the rack and extends along the end of the lower rail, and the upper surface of the first shock-absorbing rail extends from The upper surface of the lower rail is gradually reduced to a wedge-shaped surface, so that the wheels of the trolley transition to the lower rail to slide.
- the transmission mechanism further includes: a second damping rail, which is arranged inside the rack and extends along the end of the upper rail, and the upper surface of the second damping rail extends from The upper surface of the upper rail is gradually reduced to a wedge-shaped surface, so that the wheels of the trolley transition to the upper rail to slide.
- control system further includes a data collection module, the data collection module includes a code scanner, and is electrically connected to the controller, and the data collection module is configured to collect the package
- the sorting information is transmitted to the controller.
- the controller is configured to control the sorting and conveying mechanism of the roller and the trolley according to the sorting information, so that the package is thrown to a designated throwing grid.
- the data collection module further includes a position sensor electrically connected to the controller and configured to detect the first position information of the package at the initial position.
- the controller is configured to respectively control the sorting and conveying mechanism of each trolley according to the first position information to adjust the position of the package.
- the data collection module further includes: a detection sensor electrically connected to the controller and configured to detect the second position information of the package in the adjusted position.
- the controller is configured to control the sorting and conveying mechanism of each trolley according to the second position information of the package to assist in adjusting the position of the package.
- one of the two rollers is an active roller, and the other is a passive roller.
- the passive roller includes a tensioning axle and a tensioning assembly. The ends of the tensioning wheel shaft are connected and configured to adjust the tension of the chain by adjusting the displacement of the tensioning wheel shaft along the first horizontal direction.
- the data collection module further includes: a tension sensor, connected to the controller, arranged on the frame, opposite to the tension assembly in the first horizontal direction, and configured to detect its contact with the Describe the distance between the tensioning components.
- the tensioning assembly includes: a tensioning rod arranged along the first horizontal direction, the two ends of which are respectively a first end and a second end, the first end and the The ends of the tension wheel shaft are connected so that the ends of the tension wheel shaft slide along the first horizontal direction.
- the data collection module further includes: a sensing piece arranged at the second end of the tension rod; wherein the tension sensor is opposite to the sensing piece in the first horizontal direction and is configured to Detect the distance between it and the sensing sheet.
- the sorting system further includes a package supply mechanism.
- the bag supply mechanism includes: a bag supply rack and a bag supply belt.
- the bag supply belt is arranged on the bag supply rack and is configured to transport the package to the trolley.
- the trolleys are transported in the first horizontal direction, which can reduce the pitch of the trolleys, and save transportation resources for the transportation of packages with smaller dimensions. At the same time, it improves the utilization rate of occupied space.
- the control system controls the transport mechanism of the trolley to transport the package in the first horizontal direction, and can independently control the sorting and transport mechanism of each trolley to transport the package in the second horizontal direction, which realizes the automated transportation of the sorting system, saves labor, and can be automated Control the transportation of each trolley in the second horizontal direction to realize more accurate throwing and correction of packages.
- Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a sorting system in an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the frame and the trolley in an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 3 is a partial structural diagram of the frame and the trolley in Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a trolley in an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the trolley in Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the bottom structure of the trolley in Figure 4.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an active roller of a sorting system in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the other side of the active roller in Figure 7;
- Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive drum of a sorting system in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the passive roller in Fig. 9 from another angle;
- Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the passive drum in Figure 9;
- Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the tension assembly of the passive roller in Figure 9;
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the shock-absorbing guide rail and the passive drum in an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a package supply mechanism in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical pickup set on the trolley in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the signal transceiver installed on the trolley in an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the actuator installed on the trolley in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 18 is a structural diagram of a control system in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the position adjustment of the package by the trolley in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Transmission mechanism 11. Frame; 111, upper rail; 112, lower rail; 113, shock-absorbing feet; 114, upper cover; 115, anti-wear strip; 12, chain; 13, trolley; 131, car body; 132.
- Sorting and conveying mechanism 1321, drive roller; 1322, tension roller; 1323, conveyor belt; 133, wheel; 1331, wheel body; 1332, wheel shaft; 14, guide table; 15, 16, roller; 151, Active roller; 1511, drive sprocket; 1512, drive axle; 1513, bearing seat; 1514, drive motor; 161, passive roller; 1611, tension sprocket; 1612, tension wheel shaft; 1613, tension assembly; 16131, Slide rail; 16132, chute; 16133, opening; 16134, tension spring; 16135, cavity; 16136, tension rod; 16137, elasticity adjustment component; 16138, baffle; 17, connector; 18, first reduction Vibration rail; 19.
- the second damping rail ;
- Control system 21. Controller; 22. Data acquisition module; 221. Code scanner; 222. Position sensor; 224. Tension sensor; 225. Sensing sheet; 226. Sliding contact line; 227. Electrical appliance; 228. External antenna; 229. Signal transceiver; 230. Actuator; 231. First car sensor; 232. First car detection sensor; 233. Drive encoder;
- Figure 1 representatively shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sorting system of the present disclosure
- Figures 2 to 3 show schematic diagrams of the structure of the trolley and rack
- Figures 4 to 6 show The specific structure diagram of the trolley is shown
- Figures 7-8 show the structure diagrams of the active roller
- Figures 9-13 show the structure diagrams of the passive roller
- Figure 14 shows the structure diagram of the package supply mechanism
- Figure 15 - Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the control system.
- the sorting system proposed in the present disclosure can be used to transport packages 4.
- the sorting system proposed by the present disclosure includes: a transmission mechanism 1 and a control system 2.
- the transmission mechanism 1 includes a frame 11, two rollers 15 and 16, a chain 12 and a plurality of trolleys 13. Among them, two rollers 15 and 16 are arranged on the frame 11 at intervals along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the chain 12 is wound between the two rollers 15 and 16.
- a plurality of trolleys 13 are respectively connected to the chain 12 and arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction F1.
- Each trolley 13 includes a car body 131 and a sub-car body 131.
- the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 is connected to the chain 12 at the bottom of the vehicle body 131, and the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 is configured to carry and convey packages along a second horizontal direction F2 perpendicular to the first horizontal direction F1.
- the control system 2 includes a controller 21 connected to the transport mechanism 1.
- the controller 21 is configured to control the transport mechanism 1 to transport the package 4 along the first horizontal direction F1, and is configured to independently control each trolley 13
- the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 conveys the package 4 along the second horizontal direction F2.
- the trolley 13 is transported in the first horizontal direction F1, transported above the rack 11, and the package 4 is sorted and returned below the rack 11, which can reduce the trolley 13 For the transportation of smaller-sized packages 4, it saves transportation resources and at the same time improves the utilization rate of occupied space.
- the control system 2 controls the transport mechanism 1 of the trolley 13 and can independently control the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 of each trolley 13, which realizes the automated transportation of the sorting system, saves labor, and can automatically control each trolley 13 in the second horizontal direction F2
- the conveying of the package realizes more accurate throwing and correction of the package.
- the frame 11 extends along the first horizontal direction F1 to provide support for the entire transmission mechanism.
- the transmission mechanism 1 is a symmetrical structure.
- the following content in the present disclosure describes the structure on one side, and the structure on the other side is symmetrical to it.
- the first horizontal direction F1 is the transportation direction of the trolley 13, and the second horizontal direction F2 is the throwing direction of the package. Therefore, the second horizontal direction F2 is perpendicular to the first horizontal direction F1.
- the controller 21 in the present disclosure is electrically connected to the transmission mechanism 1. It can be a wired connection, such as through a USB interface, or a wireless connection, such as through Bluetooth, NFC (near field communication), infrared, etc., as long as the control can be achieved
- the signal transmission between the device 21 and the transmission mechanism 1 is sufficient, which is not limited here.
- the frame 11 includes a guide rail for the trolley 13 to slide.
- the trolley 13 also includes wheels 133, which are arranged on both sides of the vehicle body 131 thereof. In an embodiment, two wheels 133 are provided on one side and one wheel 133 is provided on the other side, or two wheels 133 are provided on both sides, which is not limited here.
- the guide rail may only have an upper guide rail 111, which is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the frame 11 and extends along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the wheels 133 of the trolley 13 are slidingly engaged with the upper guide rail 111, and the upper guide rail 111 serves as a support and guide Cited role.
- the guide rail may also only have a lower rail 112, which is arranged along the inner side of the lower part of the frame 11. , Extending along the first horizontal direction F1, the wheels 133 slidably fit with the lower rail 112, and slide along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the guide rail can also have the above-mentioned upper guide rail 111 and the lower guide rail 112 at the same time, so as to provide support and guidance for the wheels 133 of the trolley 13.
- the “inside” of the frame 11 refers to the side of the frame 11 close to its center line along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the trolley 13 is arranged inside the frame 11.
- the rack 11 further includes an upper cover 114, one side of which is arranged on the rack 11, and the other side extends above the upper rail 111 to cover the upper
- the wheels 133 on the guide rail 111 prevent foreign objects from falling in.
- one side of the upper cover 114 may be arranged at the top of the frame 11 or inside the frame 11, and the other side may extend along the second horizontal direction F2 to cover the wheels 133.
- the wheel 133 further includes a wheel body 1331 and a wheel axle 1332.
- the wheel shaft 1332 penetrates the wheel body 1331, and there is a gap between the end of the wheel shaft 1332 close to the frame 11 and the inner side of the frame 11, and the gap is set to 1 to 5 mm. This gap value is small, so that the frame 11 limits the position of the trolley 13.
- the end face of the axle can contact the inner side of the frame 11 to prevent the trolley 13 from shaking significantly along the second horizontal direction F2.
- the end surface of the wheel axle 1332 at one end close to the frame 11 is a curved surface, so as to reduce the wear when the wheel axle 1332 contacts the inner side of the frame 11.
- the frame 11 further includes a wear-resistant strip 115.
- the wear-resistant strip 115 is made of wear-resistant material.
- the wear-resistant strip 115 is arranged on the inner side of the frame 11 along the first horizontal direction F1, and is located between the upper cover 114 and the upper rail 111 to prevent the inner side of the frame 11 from contacting the wheel shaft 1332. Wearing due to long-term contact.
- the wear-resistant material of the wear-resistant strip 115 is ultra-high molecular polyethylene, of course, it can also be other wear-resistant materials, which is not limited here.
- the frame 11 in this embodiment further includes shock-absorbing feet 113, which are arranged on both sides of the frame 11 to support the frame 11. It can be seen from the figure that there are multiple shock-absorbing feet 113, which are arranged on both sides of the rack 11 and arranged at intervals, which can reduce the vibration of each section of the rack 11 and prevent the ground and the equipment platform from being caused by vibration.
- the roller 15 of one of the two rollers 15, 16 of the transmission mechanism 1 is the active roller 151, and the other roller is Passive roller 161.
- the driving roller 151 includes: a driving sprocket 1511, a driving axle 1512, a bearing seat 1513, and a driving motor 1514.
- the drive sprocket 1511 meshes with the chain 12.
- the bearing seat 1513 is arranged on the frame 11.
- the driving wheel shaft 1512 passes through the center of the driving sprocket 1511, and its two ends pass through the bearing seat 1513.
- the driving motor 1514 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel shaft 1512 and is configured to drive the driving wheel shaft 1512 to rotate and drive the driving sprocket 1511 to rotate. That is, the active roller 151 is used to provide power for the entire transmission mechanism 1 and to rotate the chain 12.
- a connecting plate is provided on one side of the frame 11 corresponding to the drive axle 1512, and the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of elongated holes, and the bearing seat 1513 is fixed to the shaft by bolts.
- the board is connected, and the bolt passes through the elongated hole.
- the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate have flanges protruding in the second horizontal direction F2.
- a threaded hole is opened at the position where the lower flange faces the bearing seat 1513, and at least one height adjusting bolt is pressed against the threaded hole.
- the height adjustment bolt provides support for the bearing housing 1513.
- the height of the bearing housing 1513 can be adjusted along the elongated hole and then tightened.
- the height adjustment bolt realizes fine adjustment of the height of the driving wheel shaft 1512, so that the sprocket achieves a good running effect.
- the transmission mechanism 1 further includes a connecting piece 17 through which the chain 12 is connected to the bottom of the trolley 13.
- the connecting member 17 may be a right-angle connecting plate, and the chain 12 is connected to the bottom of the trolley 13 by bolts.
- the chain 12 is connected to the bottom of the trolley 13 through the connecting member 17.
- the “bottom” in the present disclosure refers to the one near the chain 12 when the trolley 13 runs along the first horizontal direction F1 on the upper rail 111 The side is the bottom.
- the “bottom” of the trolley 13 is still the side close to the chain 12, not the side close to the bottom surface.
- one of the two rollers 15 and 16 of the transmission mechanism 1 is an active roller 151, and the other is a passive roller 161.
- the passive roller 161 includes a tension sprocket 1611, a tension wheel shaft 1612 and a tension assembly 1613.
- the tension sprocket 1611 meshes with the chain 12.
- the tensioning wheel shaft 1612 passes through the center of the tensioning sprocket 1611.
- the tensioning assembly 1613 is connected to the end of the tensioning wheel shaft 1612 and is configured to adjust the tension of the chain 12 by adjusting the displacement of the tensioning wheel shaft 1612 along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the tension assembly 1613 includes: a sliding rail 16131, a tension spring 16134, a tension rod 16136, and an elastic force adjustment assembly 16137.
- the sliding rail 16131 is fixedly arranged on the rack 11 along the first horizontal direction F1. As shown in FIG. 12, in one embodiment, the sliding rail 16131 is connected to the rack 11 by bolts.
- the sliding rail 16131 is provided with a sliding groove 16132 penetrating along the second horizontal direction F2, and the end of the tensioning wheel shaft 1612 penetrates the sliding groove 16132 along the second horizontal direction F2.
- the sliding rail 16131 has an opening 16133 at one end away from the active roller 151, and the opening 16133 is connected to the sliding groove 16132.
- the tensioning assembly 1613 further includes a baffle 16138 connected to the end surface of the tensioning wheel shaft 1612, the baffle 16138 is provided on the side of the sliding rail 16131 away from the tensioning sprocket 1611, and The size of the baffle 16138 in the vertical direction is larger than the width of the sliding groove 16132.
- the purpose of setting the baffle 16138 here is to prevent the tensioning axle 1612 from sliding out of the side of the sliding groove 16132, and the baffle 16138 plays a guiding role. Specifically, as shown in FIGS.
- the cross-sectional shape of the baffle 16138 is C-shaped, and two guide grooves are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the sliding groove 16132 of the slide rail 16131, which are used to communicate with the two sides of the baffle 16138. End fit.
- the vertical direction refers to a direction that is vertical and away from the ground.
- the tension spring 16134 is connected to one end of the sliding rail 16131 with the opening 16133 along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the tension spring 16134 has a cavity 16135 penetrating along the first horizontal direction F1, and the cavity 16135 is in communication with the opening 16133.
- the tension rod 16136 passes through the cavity 16135 of the tension spring 16134 and the sliding groove 16132 of the sliding rail 16131 in sequence along the first horizontal direction F1, defining the end of the tension rod 16136 in the sliding groove 16132 of the sliding rail 16131 as the first One end and the other end of the sliding groove 16132 are the second end.
- the first end of the tensioning rod 16136 is connected to the end of the tensioning wheel shaft 1612.
- the tensioning rod 16136 moves along the first horizontal direction F1
- the end of the tensioning wheel shaft 1612 can be driven to move along the first level in the sliding groove 16132.
- the second end of the tension rod 16136 extends out of the tension spring 16134. Please refer to FIG.
- the cross section of the sliding groove 16132 is T-shaped, specifically, the T-shaped shape is rotated 90° clockwise.
- the sliding groove 16132 can be divided into a first through groove and a second through groove.
- the first through groove is a rectangle extending in the first horizontal direction F1
- the second through groove is a rectangle extending in the vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the ground).
- the width of the rectangle of the first through groove matches the size of the tension wheel shaft 1612, so that the tension wheel shaft 1612 can slide along the upper and lower sides of the rectangle of the first through groove, thereby limiting the tension wheel shaft 1612 and avoiding tensioning.
- the axle 1612 sways up and down in the vertical direction.
- the second through groove extends in the vertical direction, and the purpose is to facilitate the assembly of the tension rod 16136 and the tensioning wheel shaft in the second through groove, complete the connection, and then move to the first through groove.
- the surface of the tension rod 16136 has threads.
- the tension rod 16136 is a screw, and one end of the screw is fixedly connected to the tension wheel shaft 1612.
- the tension rod 16136 may also be a threaded rod.
- the tension rod 16136 may be a rod without threads, as long as one end of the tension rod can be fixedly connected to the axle 9, which is not limited here.
- the elastic force adjusting component 16137 is arranged at an end of the tension spring 16134 away from the slide rail 15231, connects the tension rod 16136 and the tension spring 16134, and compresses or stretches the tension spring 16134.
- the elastic force adjusting component 16137 may be a nut. As shown in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, the tension spring 16134 is initially in a compressed state to provide pretensioning force for the tension rod 16136.
- the elastic force adjusting component 16137 can adjust the compression length of the spring, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the pretension force.
- the tension spring 16134 will elongate, driving the tension rod 16136 to move away from the driving roller 151, and then driving the tension wheel shaft 1612 to slide along the sliding groove 15232 to tension the chain 12.
- the tension assembly 1613 when the tension assembly 1613 is installed in the opposite direction in the first horizontal direction F1 in FIGS. 11 and 12, it can be set to stretch the tension spring 16134 to provide pretension in the same direction. force. Therefore, the tensioning assembly 1613 of the present disclosure can automatically perform tension compensation after the chain 12 is stretched due to long-term operation, so as to prevent the chain 12 from being slack and causing undesirable phenomena such as tooth skipping.
- the transmission mechanism 1 further includes a first damping guide rail 18 and/or a second damping guide rail 19.
- the first damping rail 18 is arranged inside the frame 11 and extends along the end of the lower rail 112.
- the upper surface of the first damping rail 18 is gradually reduced from the upper surface of the lower rail 112 to a wedge-shaped surface, so that the wheels of the trolley 13 133 transitions to the lower rail 112 to slide.
- the second damping rail 19 is arranged inside the frame 11 and extends along the end of the upper rail 111.
- the upper surface of the second damping rail 19 is gradually lowered from the upper surface of the upper rail 111 to a wedge-shaped surface, so that the wheels of the trolley 13 transition to the upper The guide rail 111 slides.
- the trolley 13 rotates from the drive sprocket 1511 or the tension sprocket 1611, and the line connecting the wheels 133 of the trolley 13 and the axis of the drive sprocket 1511 or the tension sprocket 1611 is perpendicular to the ground ,
- the wheel 133 of the trolley 13 is at the lowest position, and the distance below the lowest position of the wheel 133 in the horizontal section is c.
- the height of the connection between the first damping rail 18 and the second damping rail 19 and the upper rail 111 or the lower rail 112 is a, and the height of the ends thereof is b, a>b.
- the wheels 133 of the trolley 13 are transferred to the upper rail 111 or the lower rail 112 through the first damping rail 18 and the second damping rail 19, so as to prevent the wheels 133 from directly colliding with the upper rail 111 or the lower rail 112, reducing noise and protecting Up the trolley 13.
- the first anti-vibration guide rail is arranged on the lower guide rail 112 corresponding to the active roller 151
- the second anti-vibration guide rail is arranged on the passive roller 161 corresponds to the upper rail 111.
- the first anti-vibration guide rail and the second anti-vibration guide rail can also be arranged at the lower guide rail 112 and the upper guide rail 111 corresponding to the active roller 151 and the lower guide rail 112 and the upper guide rail 111 corresponding to the passive roller 161, when the transport direction of the trolley 13 When adjusting, it can achieve shock absorption.
- only the first damping guide rail 18 may be provided, or only the second damping guide rail 19 may be provided, which is not limited here according to actual needs.
- the materials of the first damping rail 18 and the second damping rail 19 are both ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with high wear resistance.
- the sorting system further includes a bag supply mechanism 3, and the bag supply mechanism 3 includes: a bag supply rack 31 and a bag supply belt 32.
- the bag supply belt 32 is set on the bag supply rack 31 and is configured to transport the parcel 4 to the trolley 13.
- the transport mechanism 1 of the sorting system further includes a guide table 14 corresponding to each throwing grid and arranged on both sides of the rack 11, and the package has been led out of the transport mechanism through the throwing opening.
- the control system 2 further includes a data collection module 22.
- the data collection module 22 includes a code scanner 221.
- the code scanner 221 is configured to collect the sorting information of the package 4.
- the controller 21 is connected to the code scanner 221. According to the sorting information collected by the code scanner 221, it can determine the throwing grid of the package 4 to be delivered, and control the movement of the transmission mechanism 1 in the first horizontal direction F1 and each The sorting and conveying mechanism 132 of the trolley 13 moves along the second horizontal direction F2, so that the package 4 is thrown to the designated throwing grid.
- FIG. 2 there is also a guide table 14 for exporting the package 4 to the transmission mechanism.
- the throwing grid designated in the present disclosure refers to the grid opening corresponding to the guide table, which is used to transfer the package 4 from the cart Transport to the guide table 14.
- the code scanner 221 can be installed on the package rack 31 or on the rack 11 of the transmission mechanism, as long as the sorting information of the package 4 can be read before the transportation. , There is no limitation here.
- the code scanner 221 reads the label on the package and sends the sorting information on the label to the controller 21.
- the controller 21 obtains the destination grid of the package 4 from its internal database according to the sorting information, and then After controlling the transmission mechanism 1 to transport the package 4 to the destination compartment, the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 on the trolley 13 carrying the package is separately controlled to move along the second horizontal direction F2 to throw the package.
- the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 on the trolley 13 includes two rollers and a conveyor belt 1323 wound on the two rollers.
- One of the two rollers is a driving roller 1321 and the other is a tension roller 1322.
- the driving roller 1321 and the tension roller 1322 are both arranged on the vehicle body 131 and they are arranged at intervals.
- the controller 21 is electrically connected to the driving roller 1321, and controls the starting, stopping, and adjusting the speed and direction of rotation of the driving roller 1321 to control the forward or reverse movement of the conveyor belt 1323 in the second horizontal direction F2, To adjust the position of the parcel 4, make the parcel 4 straight (as shown in Figure 19).
- controller 21 is electrically connected to the driving drum 1321 and how to realize the control of the driving drum 1321
- those skilled in the art can realize according to related technologies.
- an encoder can be provided on each driving drum 1321 and the controller 21 sends The control signal, or through other means, will not be repeated here. Therefore, the controller 21 can control the start, speed and rotation direction of the driving roller 1321 on the trolley 13 according to the sorting information collected by the code scanner 221, and throw the package 4 to the correct grid.
- the data collection module 22 further includes: a position sensor 222, which is configured to detect the first position information of the package 4 in the initial position.
- the controller 21 is connected to the position sensor 222 and independently controls the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 of each trolley 13 according to the first position information of the package 4 to adjust the position of the package 4.
- the position sensor 222 can be provided on the package rack 31 or on the rack 11 of the transmission mechanism, as long as the first position information of the package 4 can be read, and it is not here. Make a limit.
- the first position information may include the size of the package 4, the size offset from the center line of the trolley 13 along the first horizontal direction F1 (that is, the package is in a skewed state), and the like.
- the position sensor 222 sends the position parameter to the controller 21, and the controller 21 independently controls the movement of the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 of the trolley 13 carrying the package 4 in the second horizontal direction F2 according to the first position information. As shown in Fig.
- the controller 21 controls the activation of the drive rollers of the corresponding trolleys 13 according to the first position information, and adjusts the rotation speed and direction of rotation of the drive rollers of each trolley 13 and the displacement of the conveyor belt along the second horizontal direction F2. To move the package 4 to the middle position of the trolley 13, that is, the center line of the package 4 and the center line of the trolley 13 coincide in the first horizontal direction F1.
- the data collection module 22 further includes a detection sensor (not shown in the figure), which is configured to detect the second position information of the package 4 at the adjusted position. It may be that the package 4 is transported to the adjusted position after the initial position is adjusted, and the position adjustment is performed again.
- the controller 21 is electrically connected to the detection sensor, and independently controls the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 of each trolley 13 according to the second position information of the package 4 to assist in adjusting the position of the package 4.
- the function of the detection sensor is to collect the position parameters of the package that has been adjusted again, and send the position parameter information to the controller 21. If the controller 21 determines that the package 4 is still in a skewed state, it will further adjust the corresponding position.
- the trolley 13 drives the roller to adjust the package 4 to the middle position of the trolley 13. If the package 4 is still in a skewed state after re-adjustment, it can be manually rectified or dropped in advance or later.
- the initial position refers to a position where the package 4 is placed on the sorting trolley and has not yet been transported, or placed on another mechanism capable of transporting the package to the sorting trolley 13, such as the package supply rack 31.
- the adjusted position refers to the position where the package 4 is located after being conveyed for a certain period of time from the initial position. The certain time is not a specific value, and it can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
- the position sensor 222 can be arranged on the bag supply rack 31 of the sorter, and the package 4 is first placed on the bag supply belt 32 (initial position), and the position sensor 222 collects the package. 4 position parameters (first position information) are sent to the controller 21.
- the multiple sorting carts 13 located on the sorter frame can be divided into an adjustment area and a transportation area along the first horizontal direction F1.
- the package 4 is transported to the adjustment area (adjustment position) via the bag supply belt 32, and the controller 21 controls the electric roller of the corresponding sorting trolley 13 to adjust the position of the package 4 in the adjustment area.
- the detection sensor detects the adjusted position parameter (second position information) of the package, and if the adjusted position parameter meets the requirements for parcel straightening, the controller 21 controls the transmission mechanism 1 to transport the package 4 to the transportation area. If the adjusted position parameter does not meet the package alignment requirements, the controller 21 will re-control the electric drum to adjust the position of the package 4 according to the adjusted position parameter (second position information).
- the detection sensor may be a detection camera, which is arranged directly above the adjustment area, takes a picture of the package, and sends the image information to the controller 21.
- the detection sensor may also be an encoder, which is arranged on each sorting trolley 13 to detect the position parameter of the package on the sorting trolley 13 and send the position parameter to the controller 21. Therefore, the sorting trolley 13 in the present disclosure can realize automatic adjustment of the placement position of the parcels, making the throwing and dropping more accurate, and at the same time saving manual labor.
- the data collection module 22 further includes a tension sensor 224.
- the tension sensor 224 is installed on the frame 11, is electrically connected to the controller 21, is opposite to the tension assembly 1613 in the first horizontal direction F1, is configured to detect the distance between it and the tension assembly 1613, and then The distance is sent to the controller 21 in the form of an electric signal.
- the tension sensor 224 can also detect the distance X moved by the tension sprocket 1611 due to the loosening of the chain 12. If it is detected that the difference between the distance X on both sides of the tensioning sprocket 1611 is large, it means that the chains 12 on both sides are inconsistent in stretching, and the chain 12 needs to be adjusted by the equipment to prevent further damage to the equipment.
- the data acquisition module 22 further includes a sensing piece 225.
- the sensing piece 225 is disposed at the second end of the tension rod 16136; wherein the tension sensor 224 is opposite to the sensing piece 225 in the first horizontal direction F1, and is configured to detect the distance between it and the sensing piece 225 .
- the controller 21 judges the amount of deformation of the tension spring 16134 according to the distance, and when the tension spring 16134 extends too long and the elastic force decreases, it will issue a prompt and notify the staff to make corresponding adjustments.
- the data collection module 22 further includes a first-car sensor 231 and a first-car detection sensor 232.
- the first vehicle sensing sheet 231 and the first vehicle detection sensor 232 are installed on any trolley 13, and the first vehicle detection sensor 232 is connected to the controller 21.
- the transmission mechanism 1 starts to operate, the first-vehicle sensing sheet 231 will periodically trigger the first-vehicle detection sensor 232.
- the controller 21 can calculate the accurate position of any other car 13 at the trigger time.
- the tension sensor 224 needs to sense the distance X moved by the tension sprocket 1611 and send it to the controller 21. Assuming that the number of trolleys 13 is N1, the pitch P1 of two adjacent trolleys 13 is 2X/N1+P0, and the distance between N trolleys 13 is N*P1.
- a drive encoder 233 is also provided on the drive motor 1514, and the drive encoder 233 is connected to the controller 21 for detecting and controlling the rotation speed of the drive sprocket 1511.
- FIG. 18 two sides of the rack 11 are respectively provided with a sliding contact line 226 and an external antenna 228, the sliding contact line 226 is connected to a power source, and provides power for the sorting system.
- the external antenna 228 is connected to the controller 21 and used for transmitting the command signal of the controller 21.
- at the bottom of at least one of all the trolleys 13 is provided an electrical pickup 227, which is in contact with the trolley wire 226 to obtain electricity from the trolley wire 226 to supply other trolleys 13.
- a power line can be set between the trolleys 13, and one trolley 13 can supply power to multiple trolleys 13. Please refer to FIG.
- a signal transceiver 229 is provided at the bottom of at least one of the trolleys 13.
- the signal transceiver 229 may be an encoder, and the signal transceiver 229 may cooperate with the external antenna 228 for the transceiver controller 21
- the instruction signal realizes that the trolley 13 can communicate with the controller 21.
- an actuator 230 is provided at the bottom of at least one of the trolleys 13, which can receive an instruction signal from the controller 21 to control the start and stop of the driving rollers of the plurality of trolleys 13.
- One actuator 230 can be connected to the driving rollers of multiple carts 13.
- the above-mentioned signal transceiver 229 and actuator 230 may not be provided separately, and the controller 21 may have modules with the functions of the two devices, so that the controller 21 can directly control.
- the controller 21 can be a microprocessor, and its functions can be realized according to its internal program. This will not be repeated here.
- the trolley 13 is transported in the first horizontal direction F1, the packages are sorted above the rack 11, and returned below the rack 11, which can reduce the pitch of the trolley 13, and is suitable for smaller packages.
- Transportation saves transportation resources and at the same time improves the utilization rate of occupied space.
- the control system 2 controls the transport mechanism 1 of the trolley 13 to transport the packages in the first horizontal direction F1, and can independently control the sorting and conveying mechanism 132 of each trolley 13 to transport the packages in the second horizontal direction F2, realizing the automated transportation of the sorting system. It saves labor, and can automatically control the transportation of each trolley 13 in the second horizontal direction F2, so as to realize more accurate throwing and correction of the package.
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Abstract
一种分拣***,包括:传输机构(1)和控制***(2)。传输机构包括:机架(11);两个滚筒(15、16),沿第一水平方向相间隔地设于机架;链条(12),绕设于两个滚筒;及多个小车(13),分别连接于链条并沿第一水平方向贯序排列,每个小车包括车体(131)及设于车体的分拣输送机构(132),车体底部连接于链条,分拣输送机构被配置为承载并沿垂直于第一水平方向的第二水平方向输送包裹(4)。控制***包括控制器(21),连接于传输机构,控制器被配置为控制传输机构沿第一水平方向输送包裹,并被配置为分别独立控制各小车的分拣输送机构沿第二水平方向输送包裹。
Description
交叉引用
本公开要求于2019年4月29日提交的申请号为201910352473.0、名称为“一种分拣***”的中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
本公开涉及物流装置技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种分拣***。
在物流行业中,对包裹进行分拣时,通常采用交叉带分拣机,目前最常用的分拣机为环形交叉带分拣机和垂直交叉带分拣机。交叉带分拣机是由一组小车组成的封闭输送分拣***,一般呈环形,小车沿轨道运动,小车表面皮带可在与小车运动的水平垂直的方向上转动,将包裹投入到相应的格口中。但是,目前的环形交叉带分拣机和垂直交叉带分拣机由于具有回转半径,小车的节距长(小车节距是指两个相邻小车的中心轴线之间的距离),通常为600mm,尺寸很小的包裹也需要占用一辆小车,造成输送资源的浪费。另外,包裹在小车上输送时,可能会产生歪斜,造成抛投障碍,如果小车节距较大,一辆小车仅仅承载一个包裹,对于自动矫正包裹很难实现,而且矫正也并不精确。
公开内容
本公开的一个主要目的在于克服上述相关技术的至少一种缺陷,提供一种分拣***,能够实现小车的节距减小,节省运输资源,并且还可以多辆小车运输一个包裹,利用控制***,实现对包裹摆放位置的自动矫正,节省人力,使得分拣更加精确。
为实现上述目的,本公开采用如下技术方案:
根据本公开的一个方面,提供一种分拣***,用于输送包裹,所述分拣***包括:传输机构和控制***。传输机构,包括:机架、两个滚筒、链条和多个小车。两个滚筒沿第一水平方向相间隔地设于所述机架。链条绕设于两个所述滚筒。多个小车分别连接于所述链条并沿所述第一水平方向贯序排列,每个所述小车包括车体及设于所述车体的分拣输送机构,所述车体底部连接于所述链条,所述分拣输送机构被配置为承载并沿垂直于所述第一水平方向的第二水平方向输送所述包裹。控制***包括控制器,连接于所 述传输机构,所述控制器被配置为控制所述传输机构沿所述第一水平方向输送所述包裹,并被配置为分别独立控制各所述小车的所述分拣输送机构沿所述第二水平方向输送所述包裹。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述分拣输送机构包括:驱动滚筒、张紧滚筒和传送带。驱动滚筒设于所述车体。张紧滚筒设于所述车体,并与所述驱动滚筒相间隔设置。传送带绕设于所述驱动滚筒和所述张紧滚筒。其中,所述控制器被配置为控制所述驱动滚筒,以控制所述传送带在所述第二水平方向上的正向或反向运动,以调整所述包裹的位置。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述小车还包括车轮,设于所述车体的两侧,所述机架包括上导轨,设置于所述机架的上部的内侧,所述车轮与所述上导轨滑动配合。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述小车还包括车轮,设于所述车体的两侧,所述机架包括下导轨,所述下导轨设于所述机架的下部的内侧,所述车轮与所述下导轨滑动配合。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述车轮包括:轮体和车轮轴。车轮轴穿设于所述轮体,所述车轮轴靠近所述机架的一端与所述机架内侧之间的间隙为1~5mm。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述车轮轴靠近所述机架的一端的端面为弧面。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述机架还包括上盖和防磨条。上盖的一侧设置于所述机架上,另一侧延伸至所述上导轨上方,以遮蔽所述上导轨上的所述车轮。防磨条由耐磨材质制成,所述防磨条沿所述第一水平方向设置于所述机架内侧,且位于所述上盖与所述上导轨之间,所述防磨条被配置为防止所述车轮轴与所述机架内侧的磨损。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述耐磨材质为超高分子聚乙烯。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述机架还包括:减震支脚,设置于所述机架的两侧,支撑所述机架。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述传输机构还包括连接件,所述链条通过所述连接件与所述小车的底部连接。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,两个所述滚筒的其中之一为主动滚筒,其中另一为被动滚筒,所述主动滚筒包括:驱动链轮、轴承座、驱动轮轴和驱动电机。驱动链轮与所述链条相啮合。轴承座设于所述机架。驱动轮轴穿设于所述驱动链轮的中心,并且两端穿设于所述轴承座中。驱动电机,与所述驱动轮轴传动连接,并被配置为驱动所述驱动轮轴转动,并带动所述驱动链轮转动。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,两个所述滚筒的其中之一为主动滚筒,其中另一为被动滚筒,所述被动滚筒包括:张紧链轮、张紧轮轴和张紧组件。张紧链轮与所述链条相啮合。张紧轮轴穿设于所述张紧链轮的中心。张紧组件与所述张紧轮轴的端部连接,并被配置为通过调节所述张紧轮轴沿所述第一水平方向的位移而调节所述链条的张紧程度。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述张紧组件包括:滑轨、张紧弹簧、张紧杆和弹力调节组件。滑轨沿所述第一水平方向设于所述机架,所述滑轨开设有滑槽。张紧弹簧沿所述第一水平方向与所述滑轨的一端连接。张紧杆沿所述第一水平方向依序穿设于所述滑轨与所述张紧弹簧。弹力调节组件,设置在所述张紧弹簧远离所述滑轨的一端,将所述张紧杆与所述张紧弹簧连接,并压缩或拉伸所述张紧弹簧。其中,所述张紧杆的一端与所述张紧轮轴连接,所述张紧轮轴的端部可滑动地设于所述滑槽中。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述传输机构还包括:第一减震导轨,设于所述机架内侧,沿所述下导轨的末端延伸,所述第一减震导轨的上表面从所述下导轨的上表面逐渐降低为一楔形面,使得所述小车的车轮过渡至所述下导轨滑动。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述传输机构还包括:第二减震导轨,设于所述机架内侧,沿所述上导轨的末端延伸,所述第二减震导轨的上表面从所述上导轨的上表面逐渐降低为一楔形面,使得所述小车的车轮过渡至所述上导轨滑动。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述控制***还包括:数据采集模块,所述数据采集模块包括扫码器,电连接于所述控制器,所述数据采集模块被配置为采集所述包裹的分拣信息并传递至所述控制器。其中,所述控制器被配置为根据所述分拣信息,控制所述滚筒及所述小车的所述分拣输送机构,使所述包裹被抛投到指定的抛投格口。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述数据采集模块还包括:位置传感器,电连接于所述控制器,并被配置为检测所述包裹的在初始位置的第一位置信息。其中,所述控制器被配置为根据所述第一位置信息,分别控制每个所述小车的所述分拣输送机构,以调整所述包裹的位置。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述数据采集模块还包括:检测传感器,电连接于所述控制器,并被配置为检测所述包裹在调整位置的第二位置信息。其中,所述控制器被配置为根据所述包裹的第二位置信息,控制每个所述小车的所述分拣输送机构,以辅助调整所述包裹的位置。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,两个所述滚筒的其中之一为主动滚筒,其中另一 为被动滚筒,所述被动滚筒包括:张紧轮轴和张紧组件,所述张紧组件与所述张紧轮轴的端部连接,并被配置为通过调节所述张紧轮轴沿所述第一水平方向的位移而调节所述链条的张紧程度。所述数据采集模块还包括:张紧传感器,与所述控制器连接,设置于所述机架上,在所述第一水平方向上与所述张紧组件相对,被配置为检测其与所述张紧组件之间的距离。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,所述张紧组件包括:张紧杆,沿所述第一水平方向设置,其两端分别为第一端和第二端,所述第一端与所述张紧轮轴的端部连接,使得所述张紧轮轴的端部沿所述第一水平方向滑动。所述数据采集模块还包括:感测片,设置于所述张紧杆的第二端;其中,所述张紧传感器在所述第一水平方向上与所述感测片相对,被配置为检测其与所述感测片之间的距离。
根据本公开的其中一个实施方式,分拣***还包括供包机构。所述供包机构包括:供包机架和供***带。供***带设置在所述供包机架上,被配置为将所述包裹输送至所述小车。
由上述技术方案可知,本公开提出的分拣***的优点和积极效果在于:小车在第一水平方向上运输,能够减小小车的节距,对于尺寸较小的包裹的运输,节省了运输资源,同时,提高了对占用场地的利用率。控制***控制小车的传输机构沿第一水平方向输送包裹,并能够独立控制各个小车的分拣输送机构沿第二水平方向输送包裹,实现了分拣***的自动化运输,节省了人工,并且能够自动化控制各个小车在第二水平方向的输送,实现了对包裹更加精确地抛投及矫正。
本公开中通过以下参照附图对优选实施例的说明,本公开的上述以及其它目的、特征和优点将更加明显。
通过结合附图考虑以下对本公开的优选实施方式的详细说明,本公开的各种目标、特征和优点将变得更加显而易见。附图仅为本公开的示范性图解,并非一定是按比例绘制。在附图中,同样的附图标记始终表示相同或类似的部件。其中:
图1是本公开一实施方式中的分拣***的立体示意图;
图2是本公开一实施方式中机架与小车的一侧面结构示意图;
图3是图2中机架与小车的局部结构示意图;
图4是本公开一实施方式中小车的立体结构示意图;
图5是图4中小车的***结构示意图;
图6是显示图4中小车底部结构的示意图;
图7是本公开一实施方式中的分拣***的主动滚筒的结构示意图;
图8是图7中的主动滚筒的另一侧面的结构示意图;
图9是本公开一实施方式中的分拣***的被动滚筒的结构示意图;
图10是图9中的被动滚筒的另一个角度的结构示意图;
图11是图9中的被动滚筒的***结构示意图;
图12是图9中的被动滚筒的张紧组件的剖视图;
图13是本公开一实施方式中减震导轨与被动滚筒连接结构的示意图;
图14是本公开一实施方式中供包机构的结构示意图;
图15是本公开一实施方式中取电器设置于小车上的结构示意图;
图16是本公开一实施方式中信号收发器设置于小车上的结构示意图;
图17是本公开一实施方式中执行器设置于小车上的结构示意图;
图18是本公开一实施方式中控制***的架构图。
图19是本公开一实施方式中小车对包裹进行位置调整的示意图。
其中,附图标记说明如下:
1、传输机构;11、机架;111、上导轨;112、下导轨;113、减震支脚;114、上盖;115、防磨条;12、链条;13、小车;131、车体;132、分拣输送机构;1321、驱动滚筒;1322、张紧滚筒;1323、传送带;133、车轮;1331、轮体;1332、车轮轴;14、导物台;15,16、滚筒;151、主动滚筒;1511、驱动链轮;1512、驱动轮轴;1513、轴承座;1514、驱动电机;161、被动滚筒;1611、张紧链轮;1612、张紧轮轴;1613、张紧组件;16131、滑轨;16132、滑槽;16133、开口;16134、张紧弹簧;16135、空腔;16136、张紧杆;16137、弹力调节组件;16138、挡板;17、连接件;18、第一减震导轨;19、第二减震导轨;
2、控制***;21、控制器;22、数据采集模块;221、扫码器;222、位置传感器;224、张紧传感器;225、感测片;226、滑触线;227、取电器;228、外部天线;229、信号收发器;230、执行器;231、首车感应片;232、首车检测传感器;233、驱动编码器;
3、供包机构;31、供包机架;32、供***带;
4、包裹;
F1、第一水平方向;
F2、第二水平方向。
体现本公开特征与优点的典型实施例将在以下的说明中详细叙述。应理解的是本公开能够在不同的实施例上具有各种的变化,其皆不脱离本公开的范围,且其中的说明及附图在本质上是作说明之用,而非用以限制本公开。
在对本公开的不同示例性实施方式的下面描述中,参照附图进行,所述附图形成本公开的一部分,并且其中以示例方式显示了可实现本公开的多个方面的不同示例性结构、***和步骤。应理解,可以使用部件、结构、示例性装置、***和步骤的其他特定方案,并且可在不偏离本公开范围的情况下进行结构和功能性修改。而且,虽然本说明书中可使用术语“上端部”、“下端部”、“之间”、“侧”等来描述本公开的不同示例性特征和元件,但是这些术语用于本文中仅出于方便,例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。本说明书中的任何内容都不应理解为需要结构的特定三维方向才落入本公开的范围内。
请参考说明书附图1至图19,图1代表性地示出了本公开中分拣***的立体示意图;图2至图3示出了小车与机架的结构示意图;图4-图6示出了小车的具体结构示意图;图7-图8示出了主动滚筒的结构示意图;图9至图13示出了被动滚筒的结构示意图;图14示出了供包机构的结构示意图;图15-图18示出了控制***的结构示意图。本领域技术人员容易理解的是,为将本公开的相关设计应用于其他应用场景中,而对下述的具体实施方式做出多种改型、添加、替代、删除或其他变化,这些变化仍在本公开提出的分拣***的原理的范围内。
分拣***的实施方式
如图1和图19所示,在本实施方式中,本公开提出的分拣***可以用于输送包裹4。如图1所示,本公开提出的分拣***包括:传输机构1和控制***2。该传输机构1包括:机架11、两个滚筒15、16、链条12和多个小车13。其中,两个滚筒15、16沿第一水平方向F1相间隔地设置于机架11。链条12绕设于两个滚筒15、16之间。如图1和图5至图6所示,多个小车13分别连接于链条12并沿所述第一水平方向F1贯序排列,每个小车13包括车体131及设于车体131的分拣输送机构132,车体131底部连接 于链条12,分拣输送机构132被配置为承载并沿垂直于第一水平方向F1的第二水平方向F2输送包裹。控制***2包括控制器21,该控制器21连接于传输机构1,控制器21被配置为控制传输机构1沿所述第一水平方向F1输送包裹4,并被配置为分别独立控制各小车13的分拣输送机构132沿第二水平方向F2输送包裹4。
通过上述设计,本公开提出的分拣***中,通过小车13在第一水平方向F1上运输,在机架11上方运输,并分拣包裹4,在机架11下方返回,能够减小小车13的节距,对于尺寸较小的包裹4的运输,节省了运输资源,同时,提高了对占用场地的利用率。控制***2控制小车13的传输机构1并能够独立控制各个小车13的分拣输送机构132,实现了分拣***的自动化运输,节省了人工,并且能够自动化控制各个小车13在第二水平方向F2的输送,实现了对包裹更加精确地抛投及矫正。
其中,机架11沿第一水平方向F1延伸,用于为整个传输机构提供支撑的作用。传输机构1为一个对称的结构,本公开中以下内容为其一侧的结构描述,另一侧的结构与其对称。
第一水平方向F1即为小车13的运输方向,第二水平方向F2为包裹的抛投方向,因此,第二水平方向F2与第一水平方F1向垂直。另外,本公开中的控制器21电连接于传输机构1,可以是有线连接,如通过USB接口,也可以是无线连接,如通过蓝牙或NFC(近场通信)、红外等,只要能够实现控制器21与传输机构1之间的信号传输即可,在此不做限定。
进一步地,如图2至图4所示,在本实施方式中,机架11包括供小车13滑行的导轨。小车13还包括车轮133,设于其车体131的两侧。在一实施例中,其一侧设置有两个车轮133,另一侧设置有一个车轮133,或者两侧均设置两个车轮133,在此不做限定。该导轨可以只具有上导轨111,设置于机架11的上部的内侧,沿第一水平方向F1延伸,小车13的车轮133与该上导轨111上滑动配合,该上导轨111起到支撑与导引的作用。由于该小车13的底部固定连接于链条12上,小车13能够随着链条12沿第一水平方向F1运动,因此,该导轨也可以只具有下导轨112,沿设置于机架11的下部的内侧,沿第一水平方向F1延伸,车轮133与下导轨112滑动配合,并沿第一水平方向F1滑动。当然,该导轨也可以同时具有上述的上导轨111和下导轨112,以对小车13车轮133提供支撑和导引的作用。需要说明的是,机架11的“内侧”是指机架11靠近其沿第一水平方向F1的中心线的一侧,在本公开中,小车13就设置在机架11内侧。
进一步地,如图2至图3所示,在本实施方式中,机架11还包括上盖114,其一侧 设置于机架11上,另一侧延伸至上导轨111上方,以遮蔽在上导轨111上的车轮133,防止异物落入。具体地,该上盖114的一侧可以设置在机架11的顶端,也可以设置在机架11的内侧,另一侧沿第二水平方向F2延伸,以遮蔽车轮133。
进一步地,如图4至图6所示,在本实施方式中,该车轮133还包括轮体1331和车轮轴1332。车轮轴1332穿设于轮体1331,车轮轴1332靠近机架11的一端与机架11内侧之间具有间隙,该间隙设置为1~5mm。此间隙值较小,使得机架11对小车13限位,当小车13投抛包裹时,车轴端面能够和机架11内侧接触,防止小车13沿第二水平方向F2明显地晃动。
进一步地,如图3所示,在本实施方式中,车轮轴1332靠近机架11的一端的端面为弧面,以减小车轮轴1332与机架11内侧接触时的磨损。
进一步地,如图2至图3所示,在本实施方式中,机架11还包括防磨条115。该防磨条115由耐磨材质制成,防磨条115沿第一水平方向F1设置于机架11内侧,且位于上盖114与上导轨111之间,防止机架11内侧与车轮轴1332长期接触而磨损。
进一步地,在本实施方式中,该防磨条115的耐磨材质为超高分子聚乙烯,当然也可以是其他耐磨材质,在此不做限定。
进一步地,如图1和图7所示,本实施方式中的机架11还包括减震支脚113,设置于机架11的两侧,支撑该机架11。从图中可以得出,减震支脚113包括多个,设置在机架11的两侧,且间隔设置,能够减小机架11各段的震动,并且防止震动穿导致地面和设备平台。
进一步地,如图1、图7至图8所示,在本实施方式中,传输机构1的两个所述滚筒15、16的其中之一的滚筒15为主动滚筒151,其中另一滚筒为被动滚筒161。该主动滚筒151包括:驱动链轮1511、驱动轮轴1512、轴承座1513和驱动电机1514。驱动链轮1511与链条12相啮合。轴承座1513设置于机架11上。驱动轮轴1512穿设于驱动链轮1511的中心,并且其两端穿设于所述轴承座1513中。驱动电机1514与驱动轮轴1512传动连接,并被配置为驱动该驱动轮轴1512转动,并带动驱动链轮1511转动。即该主动滚筒151用于为整个传输机构1提供动力,并且使链条12转动。
具体地,如图8所示,在本实施方式中,机架11的一侧对应驱动轮轴1512处设置有连接板,连接板上开设有多个长条孔,轴承座1513通过螺栓固定在该连接板上,且螺栓穿过该长条孔。另外,该连接板的上下两端具有沿第二水平方向F2凸出的凸缘,在下方的凸缘正对轴承座1513的位置开设有螺纹孔,至少一个高度调整螺栓通过该螺纹孔 顶抵在轴承座1513的底部。一方面,该高度调整螺栓为该轴承座1513提供支撑力,另一方面,根据实际需求,在安装驱动轮轴1512与轴承座1513时,可以沿长条孔调节轴承座1513的高度后,再拧紧该高度调整螺栓,实现对驱动轮轴1512的高度的微调,使链轮达到良好的运转效果。
进一步地,如图6所示,传输机构1还包括连接件17,链条12通过该连接件17与小车13的底部连接。具体地,该连接件17可以为一直角连接板,通过螺栓将链条12与小车13底部连接。
需要说明的是,链条12通过该连接件17与小车13的底部连接,本公开中的“底部”是指当小车13在上导轨111上沿第一水平方向F1运行时,靠近链条12的一侧为底部。当小车13在下导轨112上沿第一水平方向F1运行时,小车13的“底部”仍为靠近链条12的一侧,而并非靠近底面的一侧。
进一步地,如图9至图12所示,在本实施方式中,传输机构1的两个滚筒15、16的其中之一为主动滚筒151,其中另一为被动滚筒161。被动滚筒161包括:张紧链轮1611、张紧轮轴1612和张紧组件1613。张紧链轮1611与链条12相啮合。张紧轮轴1612穿设于张紧链轮1611的中心。张紧组件1613与张紧轮轴1612的端部连接,并被配置为通过调节张紧轮轴1612沿第一水平方向F1的位移而调节链条12的张紧程度。
进一步地,如图9至图12所示,在本实施方式中,张紧组件1613包括:滑轨16131、张紧弹簧16134、张紧杆16136和弹力调节组件16137。
其中,滑轨16131沿第一水平方向F1固定设置于机架11上,如图12所示,在一实施方式中,滑轨16131通过螺栓连接与机架11上。该滑轨16131开设有沿第二水平方向F2贯通的滑槽16132,张紧轮轴1612的端部沿第二水平方向F2穿设于该滑槽16132中。该滑轨16131远离主动滚筒151的一端还开设有开口16133,该开口16133与该滑槽16132连通。
进一步地,如图10和图11所示,张紧组件1613还包括挡板16138,与张紧轮轴1612的端面连接,挡板16138设于滑轨16131远离张紧链轮1611的一侧,且挡板16138在竖直方向上的尺寸大于滑槽16132的宽度。此处设置挡板16138的目的是防止张紧轮轴1612从滑槽16132的侧面滑出,并且挡板16138起到导向作用。具体地,如图10和图11所示,该挡板16138的截面形状为C形,在滑轨16131的滑槽16132上下两侧均设置有两个导向槽,用于与挡板16138的两端配合。需说明的是,在本实施方式中,竖直方向是指垂直并远离地面的方向。
张紧弹簧16134沿第一水平方向F1与滑轨16131的具有开口16133的一端连接,张紧弹簧16134具有一沿第一水平方向F1贯通的空腔16135,该空腔16135与开口16133连通。
张紧杆16136,沿第一水平方向F1依次穿设于张紧弹簧16134的空腔16135和滑轨16131的滑槽16132,定义张紧杆16136位于滑轨16131的滑槽16132中的一端为第一端,位于滑槽16132的另一端为第二端。张紧杆16136的第一端与张紧轮轴1612的端部连接,当张紧杆16136沿第一水平方向F1运动时,可以带动张紧轮轴1612的端部在滑槽16132中沿第一水平方向F1滑动,张紧杆16136的第二端伸出张紧弹簧16134。请参考图12,在本实施方式中,滑槽16132的横截面为T形,具体的,为T形顺时针旋转90°后的形状。该滑槽16132可分为第一通槽和第二通槽,第一通槽为沿第一水平方向F1延伸的矩形,第二通槽沿竖直方向(垂直于地面的方向)延伸的矩形,且第一通槽和第二通槽连通。第一通槽矩形的宽度与张紧轮轴1612的尺寸相匹配,使得张紧轮轴1612能够沿着第一通槽的矩形的上下两边滑动,起到对张紧轮轴1612的限位,避免张紧轮轴1612沿竖直方向上下晃动。而第二通槽沿竖直方向延伸,目的是方便张紧杆16136与张紧轮轴在第二通槽中装配,完成连接,进而移动至第一通槽中。
其中,张紧杆16136的表面具有螺纹。例如,该张紧杆16136为丝杠,该丝杠的一端与张紧轮轴1612固定连接。该张紧杆16136也可以是螺纹杆。当然,在一实施方式中,张紧杆16136可以是不带螺纹的杆件,只要其一端能够与轮轴9固定连接即可,在此不做限定。
弹力调节组件16137,设置在张紧弹簧16134远离滑轨15231的一端,将张紧杆16136与张紧弹簧16134连接,并压缩或拉伸该张紧弹簧16134。该弹力调节组件16137可以是螺母。如图12所示,在本实施方式中,该张紧弹簧16134最初处于压缩状态,为张紧杆16136提供预紧力。该弹力调节组件16137能够调节弹簧的压缩长度,进而调节该预紧力的大小。当链条12产生松动的时候,张紧弹簧16134会拉长,带动张紧杆16136朝远离主动滚筒151的方向移动,进而带动张紧轮轴1612沿着滑槽15232滑动,以拉紧链条12。在另一种实施方式中,当张紧组件1613与图11和图12中在第一水平方向F1安装的方向相反时,可以设置为拉伸该张紧弹簧16134,以提供同样方向的预紧力。因此,本公开的张紧组件1613可以在链条12因长时间运行拉长后,能够自动进行张紧补偿,避免链条12因松弛导致脱齿跳齿等不良现象产生。
进一步地,如图11和图13所示,在本实施方式中,传输机构1还包括第一减震导 轨18和/或第二减震导轨19。其中,第一减震导轨18设置于机架11内侧,沿下导轨112的末端延伸,第一减震导轨18的上表面从下导轨112的上表面逐渐降低为一楔形面,使得小车13车轮133过渡至下导轨112滑动。第二减震导轨19设置于机架11内侧,沿上导轨111的末端延伸,第二减震导轨19的上表面从上导轨111的上表面逐渐降低为一楔形面,使得小车13车轮过渡至上导轨111滑动。如图13所示,当小车13从驱动链轮1511或张紧链轮1611回转时,且小车13的车轮133与驱动链轮1511或张紧链轮1611的轴心的连线与地面垂直时,小车13的车轮133处于最低位置,且低于水平段的车轮133的最低位置的距离为c。第一减震导轨18和第二减震导轨19与上导轨111或下导轨112连接处的高度为a,其末端的高度为b,a>b。小车13车轮133通过第一减震导轨18和第二减震导轨19过渡至上导轨111或下导轨112上,避免车轮133直接与上导轨111或下导轨112产生剧烈撞击,减小噪音,并且保护了小车13。参考图1,当小车13的运输方向为从被动滚筒161至主动滚筒151时,在一实施例中,第一防震导轨设置在主动滚筒151对应的下导轨112,第二防震导轨设置在被动滚筒161对应的上导轨111。当然,第一防震导轨和第二防震导轨也可以均设置在主动滚筒151对应的下导轨112与上导轨111处和被动滚筒161对应的下导轨112和上导轨111处,当小车13的运输方向进行调节时,均能实现减震作用。在一实施方式中,可以只设置第一减震导轨18,也可以只是设置第二减震导轨19,根据实际需要,在此不做限定。
进一步地,在本实施方式中,第一减震导轨18、第二减震导轨19的材质均为具有高耐磨性的超高分子聚乙烯。
进一步地,如图14所示,在本实施方式中,该分拣***还包括供包机构3,该供包机构3包括:供包机架31和供***带32。供***带32设置在供包机架31上,被配置为将包裹4输送至小车13。
进一步地,如图2所示,分拣***的传输机构1还包括导物台14,对应各个抛投格口,设置在机架11的两侧,已将包裹通过抛投口引出传输机构。
进一步地,如图15至图19所示,在本实施方式中,控制***2还包括数据采集模块22。其中,数据采集模块22包括扫码器221。该扫码器221被配置为采集包裹4的分拣信息。控制器21连接于该扫码器221,根据扫码器221采集的分拣信息能够确定包裹4需要投递的抛投格口,并控制该传输机构1沿第一水平方向F1的运动及每个小车13的分拣输送机构132沿第二水平方向F2的运动,使包裹4被抛投至指定的抛投格口。请参考图2,还设置有导物台14,用于将包裹4导出传输机构,本公开中指定的抛投格 口是指与导物台相对应的格口,用于将包裹4从小车运输至导物台14。
具体地,在本实施方式中,扫码器221可以设置在供包机架31上,也可以设置在传输机构的机架11上,只要能够在输送之前读取到包裹4的分拣信息即可,在此不做限定。扫码器221读取包裹上的标签,并将该标签上的分拣信息发送至控制器21,控制器21根据该分拣信息从其内部数据库中查询得到此包裹4的目的格口,进而控制该传输机构1运输该包裹4至该目的格口后,再单独控制承载该包裹的小车13上的分拣输送机构132沿第二水平方向F2运动,将该包裹抛投。
请参考图5,在本实施方式中,小车13上的分拣输送机构132包括两个滚筒以及绕设于该两个滚筒上的传送带1323。两个滚筒中的一个为驱动滚筒1321,另一个为张紧滚筒1322,驱动滚筒1321和张紧滚筒1322均设于车体131,并且两者相间隔设置。控制器21电连接于该驱动滚筒1321,并控制该驱动滚筒1321的启动、停止和调节转速及转动方向等,以控制传送带1323在所述第二水平方向F2上的正向或反向运动,以调整包裹4的位置,使得包裹4摆正(如图19所示)。关于控制器21如何与驱动滚筒1321电连接并且如何实现控制该驱动滚筒1321,是本领域技术人员根据相关技术能够实现的,例如可以在每个驱动滚筒1321上设置编码器,接收控制器21发出的控制信号,或者通过其他手段,在此不再赘述。因此,控制器21可以根据扫码器221采集的分拣信息,控制小车13上驱动滚筒1321的启动、转速及转动方向,将包裹4抛投至正确的格口。
进一步地,如图15至图19所示,在本实施方式中,数据采集模块22还包括:位置传感器222,其被配置为检测包裹4在初始位置的第一位置信息。其中,控制器21连接于该位置传感器222,根据包裹4的第一位置信息对每个小车13的分拣输送机构132进行独立控制,以调整包裹4的位置。
具体地,在本实施方式中,位置传感器222可以设置在供包机架31上,也可以设置在传输机构的机架11上,只要能够读取包裹4的第一位置信息即可,在此不做限定。第一位置信息可以包括包裹4的尺寸、相对于小车13沿第一水平方向F1的中心线偏移的尺寸(即包裹处于歪斜的状态)等。该位置传感器222将该位置参数发送至控制器21,控制器21根据该第一位置信息独立控制承载包裹4的小车13的分拣输送机构132在第二水平方向F2上的运动。如图19所示,控制器21根据第一位置信息控制相应小车13的驱动滚筒的启动,并调节各个小车13的驱动滚筒的转速、转动方向及传送带沿第二水平方向F2的运动的位移,以将包裹4移动至小车13的中间位置,即包裹4的中心线与小车13的中心线在第一水平方向F1上重合。
进一步地,在本实施方式中,数据采集模块22还包括检测传感器(图中未示出),被配置为检测包裹4的在调整位置处的第二位置信息。可以是包裹4在初始位置经过调整后,被运输至调整位置,再次进行位置调整。控制器21电连接于检测传感器,根据包裹4的第二位置信息对每个小车13的分拣输送机构132进行独立控制,以辅助调整包裹4的位置。检测传感器的作用是对上述已经进行调整的包裹再次采集其位置参数,并将该位置参数信息发送至控制器21中,若控制器21判断该包裹4仍然处于歪斜的状态,则会进一步调整对应小车13的驱动滚筒,以将包裹4调整至小车13的中间位置。如果再次调整后包裹4仍然处于歪斜状态,则可以人工摆正或者提前或延后投抛。
其中,初始位置是指包裹4被放置在分拣小车上且尚未进行输送的位置,或者放置在其他能够将包裹输送至分拣小车13的机构上,如供包机架31。调整位置是指包裹4从初始位置开始被输送一定时间后所处的位置。该一定时间并不是特定值,其可以根据实际情况进行调整。
举例来说,在一实施方式中,该位置传感器222可以设置在分拣机的供包机架31上,包裹4首先被放置在供***带32(初始位置)上,由位置传感器222采集该包裹4的位置参数(第一位置信息)并发送至控制器21中。位于分拣机机架上的多个分拣小车13可以沿第一水平方向F1分为调整区和运输区。包裹4经供***带32被输送至调整区(调整位置),控制器21控制相应的分拣小车13的电动滚筒对调整区的包裹4的位置进行调整。之后,检测传感器检测调整后的包裹的位置参数(第二位置信息),如果调整后的位置参数符合包裹摆正的要求,则控制器21控制传输机构1将包裹4运输至运输区。如果调整后位置参数不符合包裹摆正要求,则控制器21会根据调整后的位置参数(第二位置信息)重新控制电动滚筒对包裹4的位置进行调整。在本实施方式中,检测传感器可以是检测相机,设置在调整区的正上方,对该包裹拍照,并将图像信息发送至控制器21中。或者,该检测传感器也可以是编码器,设置在每个分拣小车13上,用于检测分拣小车13上包裹的位置参数,并将该位置参数发送至控制器21中。因此,本公开中的分拣小车13能够实现自动调整包裹的摆放位置,使得抛投更加精确,同时节省了人工劳动量。
进一步地,如图10所示,在本实施方式中,数据采集模块22还包括:张紧传感器224。该张紧传感器224设于机架11,与控制器21电连接,在第一水平方向F1上与张紧组件1613相对,被配置为检测其与张紧组件1613之间的距离,并将该距离以电信号的形式发送至控制器21。同时,张紧传感器224还能够检测到张紧链轮1611由于链条 12的松动而移动的距离X。若检测到张紧链轮1611两侧的距离X的差值较大,则说明两侧的链条12拉伸不一致,需要对设备对链条12进行调节,以防止设备进一步被损坏。
进一步地,继续参考图10,在本实施方式中,数据采集模块22还包括感测片225。该感测片225设置于张紧杆16136的第二端;其中,张紧传感器224在第一水平方向F1上与感测片225相对,被配置为检测其与感测片225之间的距离。控制器21根据该距离判断张紧弹簧16134的形变量,当张紧弹簧16134伸长过长而导致弹力下降时,会发出提示,通知工作人员进行相应的调节。
进一步地,如图3所示,数据采集模块22还包括首车感应片231和首车检测传感器232。其中,首车感应片231和首车检测传感器232安装在任意一台小车13上,首车检测传感器232与控制器21连接。当传输机构1开始运行时,首车感应片231会定时触发首车检测传感器232。通过设置首车检测传感器232,能够知晓首车在触发时刻的位置,并能够由控制器21计算得出其他任意小车13在触发时刻的准确位置。计算方式如下:设链条12节距为P,每N节链条12通过连接件17连接在小车13的底部,因此可得小车13的初始节距为P0=N*P,N为正整数,且1≤N≤20。在本实施方式中,P=50.8,N=6。此外,需要张紧传感器224感测张紧链轮1611移动的距离X,并发送至控制器21中。假设小车13的数量为N1,则相邻两辆小车13的节距P1为2X/N1+P0,间隔N辆小车13的距离为N*P1。
进一步地,请参考图7,本实施方式中,在驱动电机1514上还设置有驱动编码器233,该驱动编码器233与控制器21连接,用于检测并控制驱动链轮1511的转速。
下面将详细介绍在一实施方式中控制***2与传输机构1之间的具体结构及连接关系。请参考图18,机架11的两侧分别设置有滑触线226及外部天线228,滑触线226与电源连接,为分拣***提供电源。外部天线228与控制器21连接,用于传输控制器21的指令信号。请参考图15,在所有小车13中的至少一个小车13的底部设置有取电器227,其与滑触线226接触,以从滑触线226上取电供给其他的小车13。可以在小车13之间设置电力线,通过一辆小车13实现给多辆小车13供电。请参考图16,在所有小车13中的至少一个小车13的底部设置有信号收发器229,该信号收发器229可以是编码器,该信号收发器229可以与外部天线228配合收发控制器21的指令信号,实现小车13能够与控制器21实现通讯。请参考图17,在所有小车13中的至少一个小车13的底部设置有执行器230,其可以接收控制器21的指令信号控制多个小车13的驱动滚筒的启停。一个执行器230可以与多个小车13的驱动滚筒连接。
当然,上述的信号收发器229、执行器230可以不单独设置,控制器21中可以具备该两种器件功能的模块,实现控制器21直接进行控制。关于控制器21、执行器230、信号收发器229之间的信号如何实现传递均是本领域技术人员能够实现的,如控制器21可以是微处理器,其功能可以根据其内部程序实现,在此不再赘述。
本公开的分拣***,小车13在第一水平方向F1上运输,在机架11上方分拣包裹,在机架11下方返回,能够减小小车13的节距,对于尺寸较小的包裹的运输,节省了运输资源,同时,提高了对占用场地的利用率。控制***2控制小车13的传输机构1沿第一水平方向F1输送包裹,并能够独立控制各个小车13的分拣输送机构132沿第二水平方向F2输送包裹,实现了分拣***的自动化运输,节省了人工,并且能够自动化控制各个小车13在第二水平方向F2的输送,实现了对包裹更加精确地抛投及矫正。
以上详细地描述和/或图示了本公开提出的分拣***的示例性实施方式。但本公开的实施方式不限于这里所描述的特定实施方式,相反,每个实施方式的组成部分和/或步骤可与这里所描述的其它组成部分和/或步骤独立和分开使用。一个实施方式的每个组成部分和/或每个步骤也可与其它实施方式的其它组成部分和/或步骤结合使用。在介绍这里所描述和/或图示的要素/组成部分/等时,用语“一个”、“一”和“上述”等用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等。术语“包含”、“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等。此外,权利要求书及说明书中的术语“第一”和“第二”等仅作为标记使用,不是对其对象的数字限制。
虽然已根据不同的特定实施例对本公开提出的分拣***进行了描述,但本领域技术人员将会认识到可在权利要求的精神和范围内对本公开的实施进行改动。
Claims (21)
- 一种分拣***,用于输送包裹(4),所述分拣***包括:传输机构(1),包括:机架(11);两个滚筒(15,16),沿第一水平方向(F1)相间隔地设于所述机架(11);链条(12),绕设于两个所述滚筒(15,16);及多个小车(13),分别连接于所述链条(12)并沿所述第一水平方向(F1)贯序排列,每个所述小车(13)包括车体(131)及设于所述车体(131)的分拣输送机构(132),所述车体(131)底部连接于所述链条(12),所述分拣输送机构(132)被配置为承载并沿垂直于所述第一水平方向(F1)的第二水平方向(F2)输送所述包裹(4);以及控制***(2),包括控制器(21),连接于所述传输机构(1),所述控制器(21)被配置为控制所述传输机构(1)沿所述第一水平方向(F1)输送所述包裹(4),并被配置为分别独立控制各所述小车(13)的所述分拣输送机构(132)沿所述第二水平方向(F2)输送所述包裹(4)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,所述分拣输送机构(132)包括:驱动滚筒(1321),设于所述车体(131);张紧滚筒(1322),设于所述车体(131),并与所述驱动滚筒(1321)相间隔设置;传送带(1323),绕设于所述驱动滚筒(1321)和所述张紧滚筒(1322);其中,所述控制器(21)被配置为控制所述驱动滚筒(1321),以控制所述传送带(1323)在所述第二水平方向(F2)上的正向或反向运动,以调整所述包裹(4)的位置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,所述小车(13)还包括车轮(133),设于所述车体(131)的两侧,所述机架(11)包括上导轨(111),设置于所述机架(11)的上部的内侧,所述车轮(133)与所述上导轨(111)滑动配合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,所述小车(13)还包括车轮(133),设于所述车体(131)的两侧,所述机架(11)包括下导轨(112),所述下导轨(112)设于所述机架(11)的下部的内侧,所述车轮(133)与所述下导轨(112)滑动配合。
- 根据权利要求3所述的分拣***,其中,所述车轮(133)包括:轮体(1331);车轮轴(1332),穿设于所述轮体(1331),所述车轮轴(1332)靠近所述机架(11) 的一端与所述机架(11)内侧之间的间隙为1~5mm。
- 根据权利要求5所述的分拣***,其中,所述车轮轴(1332)靠近所述机架(11)的一端的端面为弧面。
- 根据权利要求3所述的分拣***,其中,所述机架(11)还包括:上盖(114),其一侧设置于所述机架(11),另一侧延伸至所述上导轨(111)上方,以遮蔽所述上导轨(111)上的所述车轮(133);以及防磨条(115),由耐磨材质制成,所述防磨条(115)沿所述第一水平方向(F1)设置于所述机架(11)内侧,且位于所述上盖(114)与所述上导轨(111)之间,所述防磨条(115)被配置为防止所述车轮轴(1332)与所述机架(11)内侧的磨损。
- 根据权利要求7所述的分拣***,其中,所述耐磨材质为超高分子聚乙烯。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,所述机架(11)还包括:减震支脚(113),设置于所述机架(11)的两侧,支撑所述机架(11)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,所述传输机构(1)还包括连接件(17),所述链条(12)通过所述连接件(17)与所述小车(13)的底部连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,两个所述滚筒(15,16)的其中之一为主动滚筒(151),其中另一为被动滚筒(161),所述主动滚筒(151)包括:驱动链轮(1511),与所述链条(12)相啮合;轴承座(1513),设于所述机架(11);驱动轮轴(1512),穿设于所述驱动链轮(1511)的中心,并且两端穿设于所述轴承座(1513)中;驱动电机(1514),与所述驱动轮轴(1512)传动连接,并被配置为驱动所述驱动轮轴(1512)转动,并带动所述驱动链轮(1511)转动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,两个所述滚筒(15,16)的其中之一为主动滚筒(151),其中另一为被动滚筒(161),所述被动滚筒(161)包括:张紧链轮(1611),与所述链条(12)相啮合;张紧轮轴(1612),穿设于所述张紧链轮(1611)的中心;张紧组件(1613),与所述张紧轮轴(1612)的端部连接,并被配置为通过调节所述张紧轮轴(1612)沿所述第一水平方向(F1)的位移而调节所述链条(12)的张紧程度。
- 根据权利要求12所述的分拣***,其中,所述张紧组件(1613)包括:滑轨(16131),沿所述第一水平方向(F1)设于所述机架(11),所述滑轨(16131) 开设有滑槽(16132);张紧弹簧(16134),沿所述第一水平方向(F1)与所述滑轨(16131)的一端连接;张紧杆(16136),沿所述第一水平方向(F1)依序穿设于所述滑轨(16131)与所述张紧弹簧(16134);弹力调节组件(16137),设置在所述张紧弹簧(16134)远离所述滑轨(16131)的一端,将所述张紧杆(16136)与所述张紧弹簧(16134)连接,并压缩或拉伸所述张紧弹簧(16134);其中,所述张紧杆(16136)的一端与所述张紧轮轴(1612)连接,所述张紧轮轴(1612)的端部可滑动地设于所述滑槽(16132)中。
- 根据权利要求4所述的分拣***,其中,所述传输机构(1)还包括:第一减震导轨(18),设于所述机架(11)内侧,沿所述下导轨(112)的末端延伸,所述第一减震导轨(18)的上表面从所述下导轨(112)的上表面逐渐降低为一楔形面,使得所述小车(13)的车轮(133)过渡至所述下导轨(112)滑动。
- 根据权利要求3所述的分拣***,其中,所述传输机构(1)还包括:第二减震导轨(19),设于所述机架(11)内侧,沿所述上导轨(111)的末端延伸,所述第二减震导轨(19)的上表面从所述上导轨(111)的上表面逐渐降低为一楔形面,使得所述小车(13)的车轮(133)过渡至所述上导轨(111)滑动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,其中,所述控制***(2)还包括:数据采集模块(22),所述数据采集模块(22)包括扫码器(221),电连接于所述控制器(21),所述数据采集模块(22)被配置为采集所述包裹(4)的分拣信息并传递至所述控制器(21);其中,所述控制器(21)被配置为根据所述分拣信息,控制所述滚筒(15,16)及所述小车(13)的所述分拣输送机构(132),使所述包裹(4)被抛投到指定的抛投格口。
- 根据权利要求16所述的分拣***,其中,所述数据采集模块(22)还包括:位置传感器(222),电连接于所述控制器(21),并被配置为检测所述包裹(4)的在初始位置的第一位置信息;其中,所述控制器(21)被配置为根据所述第一位置信息,分别控制每个所述小车(13)的所述分拣输送机构(132),以调整所述包裹(4)的位置。
- 根据权利要求16所述的分拣***,其中,所述数据采集模块(22)还包括:检测传感器,电连接于所述控制器(21),并被配置为检测所述包裹(4)在调整位 置的第二位置信息;其中,所述控制器(21)被配置为根据所述包裹(4)的第二位置信息,控制每个所述小车(13)的所述分拣输送机构(132),以辅助调整所述包裹(4)的位置。
- 根据权利要求18所述的分拣***,其中,两个所述滚筒(15,16)的其中之一为主动滚筒(151),其中另一为被动滚筒(161),所述被动滚筒(161)包括:张紧轮轴(1612)和张紧组件(1613),所述张紧组件(1613)与所述张紧轮轴(1612)的端部连接,并被配置为通过调节所述张紧轮轴(1612)沿所述第一水平方向(F1)的位移而调节所述链条(12)的张紧程度;所述数据采集模块(22)还包括:张紧传感器(224),与所述控制器(21)连接,设置于所述机架(11),在所述第一水平方向(F1)上与所述张紧组件(1613)相对,被配置为检测其与所述张紧组件(1613)之间的距离。
- 根据权利要求19所述的分拣***,其中,所述张紧组件(1613)包括:张紧杆(16136),沿所述第一水平方向(F1)设置,其两端分别为第一端和第二端,所述第一端与所述张紧轮轴(1612)的端部连接,使得所述张紧轮轴(1612)的端部沿所述第一水平方向(F1)滑动;所述数据采集模块(22)还包括:感测片(225),设置于所述张紧杆(16136)的第二端;其中,所述张紧传感器(224)在所述第一水平方向(F1)上与所述感测片(225)相对,被配置为检测其与所述感测片(225)之间的距离。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分拣***,还包括:供包机构(3),包括:供包机架(31);供***带(32),设置在所述供包机架(31)上,被配置为将所述包裹(4)输送至所述小车(13)。
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JP2022531209A (ja) | 2022-07-06 |
EP3964303A4 (en) | 2023-01-11 |
CN111842174A (zh) | 2020-10-30 |
JP7267459B2 (ja) | 2023-05-01 |
EP3964303A1 (en) | 2022-03-09 |
US20220219200A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 |
US11779960B2 (en) | 2023-10-10 |
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