WO2015143866A1 - 双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐的制备方法 - Google Patents

双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015143866A1
WO2015143866A1 PCT/CN2014/088902 CN2014088902W WO2015143866A1 WO 2015143866 A1 WO2015143866 A1 WO 2015143866A1 CN 2014088902 W CN2014088902 W CN 2014088902W WO 2015143866 A1 WO2015143866 A1 WO 2015143866A1
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bisfluorosulfonimide
alkali metal
reaction
hydrogen fluoride
metal salt
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French (fr)
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陈群
石桥
郑仲天
覃九三
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深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/082Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
    • C01B21/087Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more hydrogen atoms
    • C01B21/093Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more hydrogen atoms containing also one or more sulfur atoms
    • C01B21/0935Imidodisulfonic acid; Nitrilotrisulfonic acid; Salts thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0568Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/62Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Bisfluorosulfonimide and bisfluorosulfonimide alkali metal salts, especially lithium salts, are important fluorine-containing compounds, and they are key high-performance electrolyte materials in new energy devices such as lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. High industrial application value.
  • Huazhong University of Science and Technology patent CN101747242A firstly reacts sulfonamide with thionyl chloride and chlorosulfonic acid to obtain dichlorosulfonimide, which is then reacted with lanthanum trifluoride to obtain bisfluorosulfonimide, followed by potassium carbonate. ( ⁇ or ⁇ ) reaction to obtain potassium bisfluorosulfonimide ( ⁇ or ⁇ ) salt, and finally metathesis exchange with lithium perchlorate (or sodium) or lithium tetrafluoroborate (or sodium) in an aprotic polar solvent The reaction is carried out to obtain a lithium (or sodium) salt of bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the method reported in this patent has the following problems: involves four-step chemical reaction and related purification steps, and the process flow is too long; barium fluoride, lithium perchlorate or lithium tetrafluoroborate are relatively expensive, raw material cost is too high; And generate a large amount of waste, including antimony trichloride, carbon dioxide, potassium perchlorate and organic solvents; product impurities, difficult to purify to meet practical application standards.
  • the method reported in this patent has the following problems: involves a three-step chemical reaction and related purification steps, and the process flow is too long; the antimony trifluoride is expensive, and even if it is recycled by chemical means, the manufacturing cost is still too high; bisfluorosulfonimide There are too many by-products of reaction with lithium carbonate in aqueous solution, and the yield of lithium difluorosulfonimide extracted from ethyl acetate is too low and contains a large amount of impurities.
  • Japan Catalyst Patent CN102917979A firstly by sulfonamide and thionyl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid
  • the reaction or chlorosulfonyl isocyanate is reacted with chlorosulfonic acid to obtain dichlorosulfonylimide, followed by fluorination with zinc fluoride in a solution of butyl acetate, followed by addition of aqueous ammonia to obtain acetic acid of bisfluorosulfonimido ammonium.
  • the butyl ester solution is finally reacted with an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution to obtain a butyl acetate solution of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the precipitate was concentrated by adding a poor solvent toluene, and dried by filtration to obtain lithium bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the method reported in this patent has problems such as too long reaction and purification process, too low product purity and yield, too much raw material consumption and waste generation, and high manufacturing cost.
  • Japanese Soda Co., Ltd. patent CN103391896A firstly reacting chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with chlorosulfonic acid to obtain dichlorosulfonimide, then reacting with ammonium fluoride in acetonitrile, filtering and removing the solvent to obtain bisfluorosulfonimide ammonium salt. After the solution is prepared into a butyl acetate solution and reacted with an aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide (sodium or potassium), the organic layer is taken out to obtain a lithium bis(sulfonate) salt (sodium or potassium).
  • the method reported in this patent also has problems such as too long reaction and purification process, too low product purity and yield, too much raw material consumption and waste generation, and high manufacturing cost.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing a bisfluorosulfonimide and an alkali metal salt thereof which have low raw material cost, high utilization rate, and easy purification of the product.
  • the method for producing a bisfluorosulfonimide comprises the step of reacting a bischlorosulfonimide represented by the formula (A) with hydrogen fluoride to obtain a bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • hydrogen fluoride as a fluorinating reagent, hydrogen fluoride is relatively easy to obtain and the raw material cost is low, thereby greatly reducing the production cost of the product;
  • reaction products are difluorosulfonimide and hydrogen chloride, and there are no other complicated reaction by-products, thereby reducing material consumption and waste generation, and improving raw material utilization rate, product yield and purity;
  • the reaction product hydrogen chloride will be naturally discharged in the form of gas, thereby further improving the purity of the product; and a small amount of excess hydrogen fluoride which may be mixed in the product may also be removed or recovered by conventional techniques such as distillation. Therefore, the product is easy to be purified, and the high-purity practical application standard can be achieved without complicated purification process, which simplifies the preparation process of the product and lays a good technical foundation for large-scale industrial production.
  • the method for producing a bisfluorosulfonimide alkali metal salt comprises the bischlorosulfonimide represented by the formula (A) and the alkali metal halide represented by the formula (B).
  • the step of reacting with hydrogen fluoride to obtain an alkali metal salt of bisfluorosulfonimide comprises the bischlorosulfonimide represented by the formula (A) and the alkali metal halide represented by the formula (B).
  • the reaction product is a difluorosulfonylimide alkali metal salt and a hydrogen halide, and there are no other complicated reaction pairs.
  • the product thereby reducing material consumption and waste generation, improving raw material utilization, product yield and purity;
  • the hydrogen halide of the reaction product will be naturally discharged in the form of gas, thereby further improving the purity of the product; and a small amount of excess hydrogen fluoride which may be contained in the product may also be removed by conventional techniques such as filtration or distillation. Or recycling, so that the product is easy to purify, can achieve high purity practical application standards without complicated purification process, simplify the preparation process of the product, and lay a good technical foundation for large-scale industrial production.
  • Example 1 is a liquid chromatogram of a bisfluorosulfonimide obtained in Example 1 of the present invention
  • Example 2 is an ion chromatogram of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide prepared in Example 2 of the present invention
  • Example 4 is an infrared spectrum of sodium difluorosulfonimide prepared in Example 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an infrared spectrum of potassium bisfluorosulfonimide prepared in Example 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an infrared spectrum of bisfluorosulfonimide oxime prepared in Example 6 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an infrared spectrum of bisfluorosulfonimide oxime prepared in Example 7 of the present invention.
  • the main difference between the present invention and the prior art is that hydrogen fluoride is used as a fluorinating reagent to react with dichlorosulfonimide to prepare a bisfluorosulfonimide, and hydrogen fluoride is used as a fluorinating reagent and a reaction solvent and dichlorosulfonamide.
  • the reaction of an amine and an alkali metal halide produces a bisfluorosulfonimide alkali metal salt, thereby reducing the cost of raw materials, reducing material consumption and waste generation, improving raw material utilization rate, product yield and purity, and purifying the product.
  • Easy, the preparation process is more concise and efficient, and lays a good technical foundation for large-scale industrial preparation of bisfluorosulfonimide and its alkali metal salt.
  • the method for preparing a bisfluorosulfonimide provided by the present invention comprises the step of reacting a bischlorosulfonimide represented by the formula (A) with hydrogen fluoride to obtain a bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the bischlorosulfonimide is prepared by a mixed reaction of a sulfonamide, a thionyl chloride and a chlorosulfonic acid, and the reaction equation is as follows:
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 120 to 140 ° C, and the reaction time is 20 to 30 hours.
  • the acid gas (SO 2 , HCl) generated during the reaction can be absorbed into the alkali solution, and the dichlorosulfonimide obtained after the reaction can be further purified by vacuum distillation.
  • the dichlorosulfonimide fraction temperature is 110. ⁇ 114 ° C / 2 mmHg.
  • the hydrogen fluoride is present in a liquid form, and the bischlorosulfonimide is added dropwise to an excess amount of hydrogen fluoride (hydrogen fluoride can be contained in a dry reaction vessel), and the reaction temperature is controlled below 20 ° C. It is preferably 5 to 10 °C.
  • the acid gas generated by the reaction can be absorbed into the alkali solution.
  • the preparation method further comprises the step of first distilling off the hydrogen fluoride by difluorosulfonimide obtained by the reaction, and purifying the mixture by distillation under reduced pressure.
  • the distilled hydrogen fluoride can be recovered, and the remaining liquid is bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the difluorosulfonimide can be further purified by vacuum distillation to obtain a higher purity bisfluorosulfonimide, difluorosulfonate.
  • the fraction temperature of the imide was 98 to 102 ° C / 15 mmHg.
  • the purity of the bisfluorosulfonimide obtained by the above method is above 99%, which is significantly higher than the purity of the bisfluorosulfonimide obtained by the prior art method, and the above method is more advanced than the prior art process. Simple, lower raw material costs, fewer by-products, and easier product purification.
  • the method for preparing a bisfluorosulfonimide alkali metal salt provided by the present invention comprises reacting a bischlorosulfonimide represented by the formula (A), an alkali metal halide represented by the formula (B), and hydrogen fluoride.
  • a step of preparing an alkali metal salt of bisfluorosulfonimide comprises reacting a bischlorosulfonimide represented by the formula (A), an alkali metal halide represented by the formula (B), and hydrogen fluoride.
  • the bischlorosulfonimide is prepared by a mixed reaction of a sulfonamide, a thionyl chloride and a chlorosulfonic acid, and the reaction equation is as follows:
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 120 to 140 ° C, and the reaction time is 20 to 30 hours.
  • the acid gas (SO 2 , HCl) generated during the reaction can be absorbed into the alkali solution, and the dichlorosulfonimide obtained after the reaction can be further purified by vacuum distillation.
  • the dichlorosulfonimide fraction temperature is 110. ⁇ 114 ° C / 2 mmHg.
  • the hydrogen fluoride is present in a liquid form, and the bischlorosulfonimide is added dropwise to an excess amount of hydrogen fluoride (hydrogen fluoride can be contained in a dry reaction vessel), and the reaction temperature is controlled below 20 ° C. It is preferably 5 to 10 °C.
  • the dichlorosulfonimide can be first reacted with hydrogen fluoride, and then added with lithium fluoride.
  • the hydrogen fluoride and the lithium fluoride can be mixed first and then the chlorosulfonimide is added to carry out the reaction, and the acid gas formed by the reaction can be passed to the alkali. Absorbed in the liquid.
  • the preparation method further comprises the steps of first filtering or distilling off the hydrogen fluoride of the bisfluorosulfonimide alkali metal salt obtained by the reaction, and drying the obtained solid in a vacuum.
  • the filtration method adopted, excess hydrogen fluoride is left in the filtrate, and the white precipitate obtained by filtration is an alkali metal salt of difluorosulfonylimide, which can be dried by vacuum; when the distillation method is used, the distilled hydrogen fluoride can be carried out.
  • the remaining solid is a difluorosulfonylimide alkali metal salt, which can be dried under vacuum.
  • the purity of the bisfluorosulfonylimide alkali metal salt prepared by the above method is above 99%, which is significantly higher than the purity of the bisfluorosulfonimide alkali metal salt obtained by the prior art method, and the above method is more than
  • the technical method is simpler, the raw material cost is lower, the by-products are less, and the product purification is easier.
  • the colorless liquid can be further distilled under reduced pressure, and a fraction of 98-102 ° C / 15 mmHg is collected to obtain 346 g (yield 95%) of high-purity bisfluorosulfonimide, and the purity is 99.28% by liquid chromatography (see FIG. 1).

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Abstract

提供一种双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐的制备方法。双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法包括:将双氯磺酰亚胺与氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺的步骤,其中氟化氢为液态,将双氯磺酰亚胺滴加到过量的氟化氢中,反应温度为20℃以下。双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法包括:将双氯磺酰亚胺、碱金属卤化物和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的步骤。上述方法可降低原料成本,减少物料消耗和废弃物生成,提高原料利用率、产品回收率和纯度,使产品纯化更容易,制备方法简洁高效。

Description

双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种含氟化合物的制备方法,具体涉及双氟磺酰亚胺(HN[SO2F]2)和双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐(MN[SO2F]2;M=Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs)的制备方法。
背景技术
双氟磺酰亚胺和双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐,特别是锂盐,是重要的含氟化合物,它们作为锂离子电池、超级电容器等新能源器件中关键的高性能电解质材料,具有很高的产业化应用价值。
双氟磺酰亚胺和双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的化学结构式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000001
华中科技大学的专利CN101747242A,首先由磺酰胺与二氯亚砜、氯磺酸反应得到双氯磺酰亚胺,然后将其与三氟化锑反应得到双氟磺酰亚胺,接着与碳酸钾(铷或铯)反应得到双氟磺酰亚胺钾(铷或铯)盐,最后与高氯酸锂(或钠)或四氟硼酸锂(或钠)在非质子极性溶剂中发生复分解交换反应,得到双氟磺酰亚胺锂(或钠)盐。该专利报道的方法存在以下问题:涉及四步化学反应及相关提纯步骤,工艺流程太长;氟化锑、高氯酸锂或四氟硼酸锂等价格相对昂贵,原料成本太高;原料消耗大并生成大量废弃物,包括三氯化锑、二氧化碳、高氯酸钾和有机溶剂等;产物杂质多,难以纯化满足实际应用标准。
美国Boulder Ionics Corporation的专利US8377406B1,先由磺酰胺与二氯亚砜、氯磺酸反应得到双氯磺酰亚胺,然后将其与三氟化铋反应得到双氟磺酰亚胺,接着与碳酸锂(钠或钾)反应得到双氟磺酰亚胺锂(钠或钾)盐。该专利报道的方法存在以下问题:涉及三步化学反应及相关提纯步骤,工艺流程过长;三氟化铋价格昂贵,即使采用化学方法回收使用,制造成本仍然太高;双氟磺酰亚胺与碳酸锂在水溶液中反应副产物太多,由乙酸乙酯提取双氟磺酰亚胺锂收率太低,且含有大量杂质。
株式会社日本触媒专利CN102917979A,首先由磺酰胺与二氯亚砜、氯磺酸 反应(或氯磺酰异氰酸酯与氯磺酸反应)得到双氯磺酰亚胺,接着在乙酸丁酯溶液中用氟化锌进行氟化,然后加入氨水溶液得到双氟磺酰亚胺铵的乙酸丁酯溶液,最后与氢氧化锂水溶液反应得到双氟磺酰亚胺锂的乙酸丁酯溶液。通过浓缩,加入不良溶剂甲苯产生沉淀,过滤干燥后得到双氟磺酰亚胺锂。该专利报道的方法存在反应和纯化工艺流程太长,产品纯度和收率太低,原料消耗和废弃物产生太多,制造成本太高等问题。
日本曹达株式会社专利CN103391896A,首先由氯磺酰异氰酸酯与氯磺酸反应得到双氯磺酰亚胺,然后在乙腈中与氟化铵反应后过滤除去溶剂得到双氟磺酰亚胺铵盐,配成乙酸丁酯溶液后与氢氧化锂(钠或钾)水溶液反应后有机层出去溶剂得到双氟磺酰亚胺锂(钠或钾)盐。该专利报道的方法同样存在反应和纯化工艺流程太长,产品纯度和收率太低,原料消耗和废弃物产生太多,制造成本太高等问题。
综上所述,目前的专利大多采用公开的方法合成双氯磺酰亚胺(R.Appel et al,Chem.Ber.1962,95,625;M.Goehring et al,Inorg.Synth.1966,8,105;J.Ruff,Inorg.Chem.1967,6,2108;M.Berran et al,Z.Anorg.Allg.Chem.2005,631,55),然后经过氟化、阳离子交换等工艺制备双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐。但是,这些专利报道的方法生产工艺流程太长、原料消耗太大、废弃物生成太多、产品收率太低、制造成本太高。以上问题若未解决,将阻碍双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐的大规模应用,尤其是阻碍其成为锂离子电池、超级电容器等新能源器件中的主流电解质材料。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种原料成本低且利用率高、产品易纯化的双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐的制备方法。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明提供的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,包括将结构式(A)所示的双氯磺酰亚胺和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺的步骤。
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000002
其中,双氟磺酰亚胺的制备过程发生的化学反应方程式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000003
从上述技术方案可知,本发明的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,具有以下优点:
1、以氟化氢作为氟化试剂,氟化氢相对易获得且原料成本较低,从而大大降低了产品的生产成本;
2、反应产物为双氟磺酰亚胺和氯化氢,不存在其他复杂的反应副产物,从而减少了物料消耗和废弃物生成,提高了原料的利用率、产品收率和纯度;
3、反应过程中,反应产物氯化氢会以气体的形式自然排出,从而进一步提高了产品的纯度;而产品中可能夹杂的少量多余的氟化氢,也可以通过蒸馏等常规的技术手段予以去除或回收,从而使产品易于纯化,无需通过复杂的提纯工艺即能达到高纯度的实际应用标准,简化了产品的制备工艺流程,为大规模工业化生产打下了良好的技术基础。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明提供的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,包括将结构式(A)所示的双氯磺酰亚胺、结构式(B)所示的碱金属卤化物和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的步骤。
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000004
其中,双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备过程发生的化学反应方程式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000005
从上述技术方案可知,本发明的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,具有以下优点:
1、以氟化氢作为氟化试剂和反应溶剂,氟化氢相对易获得且原料成本较低,从而大大降低了产品的生产成本;
2、由双氯磺酰亚胺、氟化氢和碱金属卤化物直接制备得到双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐,显著简化了产品的制备工艺流程,提高生产效率;
3、反应产物为双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐和卤化氢,不存在其他复杂的反应副 产物,从而减少了物料消耗和废弃物生成,提高了原料的利用率、产品收率和纯度;
4、反应过程中,反应产物卤化氢会以气体的形式自然排出,从而进一步提高了产品的纯度;而产品中可能夹杂的少量多余的氟化氢,也可以通过过滤或蒸馏等常规的技术手段予以去除或回收,从而使产品易于纯化,无需通过复杂的提纯工艺即能达到高纯度的实际应用标准,简化了产品的制备工艺流程,为大规模工业化生产打下了良好的技术基础。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制得的双氟磺酰亚胺的液相色谱图;
图2为本发明实施例2制得的双氟磺酰亚胺锂的离子色谱图;
图3为本发明实施例2制得的双氟磺酰亚胺锂的红外谱图;
图4为本发明实施例4制得的双氟磺酰亚胺钠的红外谱图;
图5为本发明实施例5制得的双氟磺酰亚胺钾的红外谱图;
图6为本发明实施例6制得的双氟磺酰亚胺铷的红外谱图;
图7为本发明实施例7制得的双氟磺酰亚胺铯的红外谱图。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果,以下结合实施方式详予说明。
本发明与现有技术的主要区别点在于:采用氟化氢作为氟化试剂与双氯磺酰亚胺反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺,采用氟化氢作为氟化试剂和反应溶剂与双氯磺酰亚胺、碱金属卤化物反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐,从而达到降低原料成本,减少物料消耗和废弃物生成,提高原料利用率、产品收率和纯度,并使产品的纯化更容易,制备工艺流程更简洁高效,为大规模产业化制备双氟磺酰亚胺及其碱金属盐打下良好的技术基础。
具体的,本发明提供的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,包括将结构式(A)所示的双氯磺酰亚胺和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺的步骤。
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000006
其中,双氟磺酰亚胺的制备过程发生的化学反应方程式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000007
优选的,所述双氯磺酰亚胺由磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸混合反应制得,反应方程式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000008
其中,反应温度控制在120~140℃,反应时间为20~30小时。反应过程中产生的酸性气体(SO2、HCl)可通到碱液中吸收,反应后得到的双氯磺酰亚胺可通过减压蒸馏进一步提纯,双氯磺酰亚胺的馏分温度为110~114℃/2mmHg。
优选的,所述磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸的摩尔比为磺酰胺∶二氯亚砜∶氯磺酸=1∶2∶1~1∶4∶1。
优选的,所述氟化氢以液态形式存在,所述双氯磺酰亚胺以滴加的方式加入到过量的氟化氢中(氟化氢可盛放于干燥的反应容器中),反应温度控制在20℃以下,优选的为5~10℃。反应生成的酸性气体可通到碱液中吸收。
优选的,所述制备方法还包括将反应制得的双氟磺酰亚胺先蒸馏去除氟化氢,再减压蒸馏提纯的步骤。蒸馏出的氟化氢可进行回收处理,所剩液体即为双氟磺酰亚胺,双氟磺酰亚胺进一步减压蒸馏提纯即可收集得到纯度更高的双氟磺酰亚胺,双氟磺酰亚胺的馏分温度为98~102℃/15mmHg。
采用上述方法制得的双氟磺酰亚胺的纯度在99%以上,明显高于现有技术的方法制得的双氟磺酰亚胺的纯度,而且上述方法比现有技术的方法工艺更简单、原料成本更低、副产品更少、产品纯化更容易。
具体的,本发明提供的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,包括将结构式(A)所示的双氯磺酰亚胺、结构式(B)所示的碱金属卤化物和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的步骤。
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000009
其中,双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备过程发生的化学反应方程式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000010
优选的,所述双氯磺酰亚胺由磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸混合反应制得,反应方程式如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-000011
其中,反应温度控制在120~140℃,反应时间为20~30小时。反应过程中产生的酸性气体(SO2、HCl)可通到碱液中吸收,反应后得到的双氯磺酰亚胺可通过减压蒸馏进一步提纯,双氯磺酰亚胺的馏分温度为110~114℃/2mmHg。
优选的,所述磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸的摩尔比为磺酰胺∶二氯亚砜∶氯磺酸=1∶2∶1~1∶4∶1。
优选的,所述氟化氢以液态形式存在,所述双氯磺酰亚胺以滴加的方式加入到过量的氟化氢中(氟化氢可盛放于干燥的反应容器中),反应温度控制在20℃以下,优选的为5~10℃。双氯磺酰亚胺可先与氟化氢反应,再加入氟化锂反应,也可以将氟化氢和氟化锂先混合后再加入双氯磺酰亚胺进行反应,反应生成的酸性气体可通到碱液中吸收。
优选的,所述制备方法还包括将反应制得的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐先过滤或蒸馏去除氟化氢,再真空干燥所得固体的步骤。当采用过滤方法时,多余的氟化氢留在滤液中,过滤得到的白色沉淀即为双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐,经真空干燥后即可;当采用蒸馏方法时,蒸馏出的氟化氢可进行回收处理,所剩固体即为双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐,经真空干燥后即可。
采用上述方法制得的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的纯度在99%以上,明显高于现有技术的方法制得的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的纯度,而且上述方法比现有技术的方法工艺更简单、原料成本更低、副产品更少、产品纯化更容易。
以下列举实施例作进一步说明。
实施例1:双氟磺酰亚胺的制备
搅拌下,在干燥的2L反应容器中依次加入291克磺酰胺(3mol),1071克 二氯亚砜(9mol),和349.5克氯磺酸(3mol)得到混合液。加热混合液至120℃进行反应,产生的二氧化硫和氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。反应30小时后得到的棕黄色液体粗产物进行减压真空蒸馏,收集110~114℃/2mmHg的馏分,得到610克(收率95%)双氯磺酰亚胺无色液体。
10℃恒温搅拌下,在1L干燥反应容器中加入400克氟化氢(20mol),缓慢加入428克双氯磺酰亚胺(2mol)进行氟化反应,产生的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持10℃恒温继续反应3小时,然后加热反应容器至40℃蒸馏回收氟化氢315克,剩余358克无色液体即为双氟磺酰亚胺,收率99%。可进一步减压蒸馏该无色液体,并收集98~102℃/15mmHg馏分,得346克(收率95%)高纯度双氟磺酰亚胺,经液相色谱测定纯度为99.28%(见图1)。
实施例2:双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备
搅拌下,在干燥的5L反应容器中依次加入679克磺酰胺(7mol),1785克二氯亚砜(15mol),和815.5克氯磺酸(7mol)得到混合液。加热混合液至140℃进行反应,产生的二氧化硫和氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。反应20小时后得到的棕黄色液体粗产物进行减压真空蒸馏,收集110~114℃/2mmHg的馏分,得到1438克(收率96%)双氯磺酰亚胺无色液体。
5℃恒温搅拌下,在3L干燥反应容器中加入1600克氟化氢(80mol),和156克氟化锂(6mol),缓慢加入1284克双氯磺酰亚胺(6mol)进行化学反应,产生的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持5℃恒温继续反应6小时,然后过滤回收1300克氟化氢,滤出的固体真空加热干燥得到1032克(收率92%)双氟磺酰亚胺锂,经离子色谱测定双氟磺酰亚胺阴离子的纯度为99.51%(见图2),其红外谱图如图3所示。
实施例3:双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备
5℃恒温搅拌下,在3L干燥反应容器中加入1600克氟化氢(80mol),缓慢加入1284克双氯磺酰亚胺(6mol)进行化学反应,产生的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持5℃恒温继续反应3小时,得到双氟磺酰亚胺的氟化氢溶液。向该溶液中加入156克氟化锂(6mol),5℃恒温搅拌2小时,发生离子交换反应,析出白色双氟磺酰亚胺锂固体。过滤回收1260克氟化氢, 滤出的固体真空加热干燥得到1018克(收率91%)双氟磺酰亚胺锂,经离子色谱测定双氟磺酰亚胺阴离子的纯度为99.45%。
实施例4:双氟磺酰亚胺钠的制备
搅拌下,在干燥的2L反应容器中依次加入291克磺酰胺(3mol),952克二氯亚砜(8mol),和349.5克氯磺酸(3mol)得到混合液。加热混合液至125℃进行反应,产生的二氧化硫和氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。反应25小时后得到的棕黄色液体粗产物进行减压真空蒸馏,收集110~114℃/2mmHg的馏分,得到604克(收率94%)双氯磺酰亚胺无色液体。
8℃恒温搅拌下,在1L干燥反应容器中加入500克氟化氢(25mol),和58.5克氯化钠(1mol),缓慢加入214克双氯磺酰亚胺(1mol)进行化学反应,产生的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持8℃恒温继续反应5小时,然后加热到40℃蒸馏回收450克氟化氢,析出的固体真空加热干燥得到189克(收率93%)双氟磺酰亚胺钠,经离子色谱测定双氟磺酰亚胺阴离子的纯度为99.21%,其红外谱图如图4所示。
实施例5:双氟磺酰亚胺钾的制备
搅拌下,在干燥的2L反应容器中依次加入291克磺酰胺(3mol),833克二氯亚砜(7mol),和349.5克氯磺酸(3mol)得到混合液。加热混合液至130℃进行反应,产生的二氧化硫和氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。反应24小时后得到的棕黄色液体粗产物进行减压真空蒸馏,收集110~114℃/2mmHg的馏分,得到609克(收率95%)双氯磺酰亚胺无色液体。
8℃恒温搅拌下,在1L干燥反应容器中加入500克氟化氢(25mol),和58克氟化钾(1mol),缓慢加入214克双氯磺酰亚胺(1mol)进行化学反应,产生的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持8℃恒温继续反应5小时,然后加热到40℃蒸馏回收452克氟化氢,析出的固体真空加热干燥得到205克(收率94%)双氟磺酰亚胺钾,经离子色谱测定双氟磺酰亚胺阴离子的纯度为99.37%,其红外谱图如图5所示。
实施例6:双氟磺酰亚胺铷的制备
8℃恒温搅拌下,在1L干燥反应容器中加入500克氟化氢(25mol),和104克氟化铷(1mol),缓慢加入214克双氯磺酰亚胺(1mol)进行化学反应,产生 的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持8℃恒温继续反应5小时,然后加热到40℃蒸馏回收455克氟化氢,析出的固体真空加热干燥得到234克(收率93%)双氟磺酰亚胺铷,经离子色谱测定双氟磺酰亚胺阴离子的纯度为99.18%,其红外谱图如图6所示。
实施例7:双氟磺酰亚胺铯的制备
8℃恒温搅拌下,在1L干燥反应容器中加入500克氟化氢(25mol),和152克氟化铯(1mol),缓慢加入214克双氯磺酰亚胺(1mol)进行化学反应,产生的氯化氢酸性气体由碱液吸收。滴加完双氯磺酰亚胺后保持8℃恒温继续反应5小时,然后加热到40℃蒸馏回收452克氟化氢,析出的固体真空加热干燥得到282克(收率93%)双氟磺酰亚胺铯,经离子色谱测定双氟磺酰亚胺阴离子的纯度为99.09%,其红外谱图如图7所示。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征在于:包括将结构式(A)所示的双氯磺酰亚胺和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺的步骤。
    Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征在于:所述氟化氢以液态形式存在,所述双氯磺酰亚胺以滴加的方式加入到过量的氟化氢中,反应温度控制在20℃以下。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征在于:还包括将反应制得的双氟磺酰亚胺先蒸馏去除氟化氢,再减压蒸馏提纯的步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征在于:所述双氯磺酰亚胺由磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸混合反应制得,反应温度为120~140℃,反应时间为20~30小时。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征在于:所述磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸的摩尔比为磺酰胺∶二氯亚砜∶氯磺酸=1∶2∶1~1∶4∶1。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的双氟磺酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征在于:制得的双氟磺酰亚胺的纯度在99%以上。
  7. 一种双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,其特征在于:包括将结构式(A)所示的双氯磺酰亚胺、结构式(B)所示的碱金属卤化物和氟化氢反应制得双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的步骤。
    Figure PCTCN2014088902-appb-100002
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,其特征在于:所述氟化氢以液态形式存在,所述双氯磺酰亚胺以滴加的方式加入到过量的氟化氢中,反应温度控制在20℃以下。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,其特征在于:还包括将反应制得的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐先过滤或蒸馏去除氟化氢,再真空干燥所得固体的步骤。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,其特征在于:所述双氯磺酰亚胺由磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸混合反应制得,反应温度为120~140℃,反应时间为20~30小时。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,其特征在于:所述磺酰胺、二氯亚砜和氯磺酸的摩尔比为磺酰胺∶二氯亚砜∶氯磺酸=1∶2∶1~1∶4∶1。
  12. 根据权利要求7-11任一项所述的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的制备方法,其特征在于:制得的双氟磺酰亚胺碱金属盐的纯度在99%以上。
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CN107651654A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-02 江苏理文化工有限公司 一种以氟盐作为氟化剂的双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备方法
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CN107651654A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-02 江苏理文化工有限公司 一种以氟盐作为氟化剂的双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备方法
CN109592655A (zh) * 2019-01-17 2019-04-09 上海如鲲新材料有限公司 一种催化氟化高效制备双氟磺酰亚胺的方法
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CN110980668A (zh) * 2019-12-28 2020-04-10 中船重工(邯郸)派瑞特种气体有限公司 一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备方法
CN111620315A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-09-04 上海华谊(集团)公司 双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备方法
CN112830887A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-25 中船重工(邯郸)派瑞特种气体有限公司 一种n-苯基双(三氟甲磺酰)亚胺的制备方法
CN113880057A (zh) * 2021-09-14 2022-01-04 山东凯盛新材料股份有限公司 双氟磺酰亚胺的清洁生产工艺
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EP4151592A1 (en) * 2021-09-15 2023-03-22 Rhodia Operations Solvent-free process for preparing a salt of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
WO2023041519A1 (en) 2021-09-15 2023-03-23 Rhodia Operations Solvent-free process for preparing a salt of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
WO2023046720A1 (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-03-30 Rhodia Operations Method for producing ultra-pure bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide
CN114436226A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-06 石家庄康坦福化工科技有限公司 双氟磺酰亚胺钾盐的制备及其应用
CN115583635A (zh) * 2022-10-11 2023-01-10 宜都兴发化工有限公司 一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂的制备方法
CN115594157A (zh) * 2022-11-09 2023-01-13 荣成青木高新材料有限公司(Cn) 一种双氯磺酰亚胺的制备方法
CN115818593A (zh) * 2022-12-21 2023-03-21 浙江研一新能源科技有限公司 一种双氟磺酰亚胺钠的制备方法及钠离子电池
CN116573619A (zh) * 2023-07-07 2023-08-11 山东海科新源材料科技股份有限公司 一种双氟磺酰亚胺钠的制备装置及方法
CN116573619B (zh) * 2023-07-07 2023-09-22 山东海科新源材料科技股份有限公司 一种双氟磺酰亚胺钠的制备装置及方法

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