WO2014030700A1 - 芳香族化合物の製造方法 - Google Patents
芳香族化合物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014030700A1 WO2014030700A1 PCT/JP2013/072417 JP2013072417W WO2014030700A1 WO 2014030700 A1 WO2014030700 A1 WO 2014030700A1 JP 2013072417 W JP2013072417 W JP 2013072417W WO 2014030700 A1 WO2014030700 A1 WO 2014030700A1
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- 0 *c1ccc(C=Cc2ccc(*)cc2*)c(*)c1 Chemical compound *c1ccc(C=Cc2ccc(*)cc2*)c(*)c1 0.000 description 7
- LJIRMLLJBFXJOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)cc(cc2)c1c1c2[s]c2c1[s]c1c2c2ccccc2cc1 Chemical compound c(cc1)cc(cc2)c1c1c2[s]c2c1[s]c1c2c2ccccc2cc1 LJIRMLLJBFXJOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRMWOBDGQVIPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)cc(cc2)c1c1c2[s]c2c1[s]c1c2ccc2c1cccc2 Chemical compound c(cc1)cc(cc2)c1c1c2[s]c2c1[s]c1c2ccc2c1cccc2 JRMWOBDGQVIPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYEHAFIVOFTTOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)cc2c1[s]c1c2[s]c2cc3cc4ccccc4cc3cc12 Chemical compound c(cc1)cc2c1[s]c1c2[s]c2cc3cc4ccccc4cc3cc12 ZYEHAFIVOFTTOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJESAXCMJLPGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(ccc1c2)cc1cc1c2[s]c2c1[s]c1cc3cc4ccccc4cc3cc21 Chemical compound c(ccc1c2)cc1cc1c2[s]c2c1[s]c1cc3cc4ccccc4cc3cc21 YJESAXCMJLPGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNGRSVWAENAWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(ccc1cc2c3)cc1cc2cc1c3[s]c2c1[s]c1cc3cc4ccccc4cc3cc21 Chemical compound c(ccc1cc2c3)cc1cc2cc1c3[s]c2c1[s]c1cc3cc4ccccc4cc3cc21 DNGRSVWAENAWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJPAOOAKVLKSTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc(c2c(cc3)c([s]c4c5ccc6c4cccn6)c5[s]2)c3nc1 Chemical compound c1cc(c2c(cc3)c([s]c4c5ccc6c4cccn6)c5[s]2)c3nc1 NJPAOOAKVLKSTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPZVOPLKXLKBKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc2c(c([s]c3c4c5ccccc5c5c3cccc5)c4[s]3)c3c(cccc3)c3c2cc1 Chemical compound c1cc2c(c([s]c3c4c5ccccc5c5c3cccc5)c4[s]3)c3c(cccc3)c3c2cc1 QPZVOPLKXLKBKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDEOYQITEFGCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc2c3c([s]c(cc4)c5c6c4nccc6)c5[s]c3ccc2nc1 Chemical compound c1cc2c3c([s]c(cc4)c5c6c4nccc6)c5[s]c3ccc2nc1 JDEOYQITEFGCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWRJSPVZBYCRFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc2ccc(c([s]c3c4ccc5c3cccc5)c4[s]3)c3c2cc1 Chemical compound c1cc2ccc(c([s]c3c4ccc5c3cccc5)c4[s]3)c3c2cc1 TWRJSPVZBYCRFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/52—Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes
- C07D333/62—Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/74—Naphthothiophenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D517/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having selenium, tellurium, or halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms
- C07D517/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having selenium, tellurium, or halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D517/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/655—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only sulfur as heteroatom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a novel aromatic compound, particularly a heterocyclic compound, and an organic semiconductor material containing the compound.
- organic electronic devices include organic EL elements, organic solar cell elements, organic photoelectric conversion elements, organic transistor elements, and the like.
- Organic EL elements are expected to be used for flat panel displays, applied from mobile phone displays to TVs, etc., and developments aiming at higher functionality are being continued.
- Organic solar cell elements and the like are used as flexible and inexpensive energy sources, and organic transistor elements and the like are used for flexible displays and inexpensive ICs, and research and development are actively conducted. For the development of these organic electronic devices, it is very important to develop organic semiconductor materials constituting the devices.
- Acene-based organic semiconductors such as pentacene are actively studied as organic transistor materials.
- Heterocyclic heteroacene compounds have been studied mainly on materials containing sulfur and selenium atoms.
- benzothienobenzothiophene (DPh-BTBT, AlkylBTBT) and dinaphthothienothiophene (DNTT) materials have been developed as air-stable and high-performance materials, and have semiconductor characteristics and stability compared to pentacene.
- Patent Documents 1-3 and Non-Patent Documents 1-3 There have been many reports as a method for producing these useful compounds, but they are not necessarily satisfactory, and it is difficult to obtain a compound having an asymmetric structure in good yield. It is hard to say that it is a bad situation. The present situation is that further improvement of the manufacturing method is desired.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a method for synthesizing BTBT from a reaction between ⁇ , ⁇ -dichlorotoluene and sulfur. Generally, a compound having a dichloromethyl group is available or stored. There are many problems in sex. Patent Documents 4 and 5 disclose a method of synthesizing BTBT from ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -trichlorotoluene, but the yield is as low as about 12% and is not practical. Thereafter, a reaction of the following reaction formula 1 is known as a developed synthesis method, but there is a problem that the reaction route is long and the production cost becomes very high (Patent Document 6).
- BTBT may be further condensed with a benzene ring.
- a benzene ring For example, dinaphtho [2,3-b: 2 ′, 3′-f] thieno [3,2-b] thiophene (Dinaphtho [2,3-b : 2 ′, 3′-f] thieno [3,2-b] thiophene (hereinafter abbreviated as DNTT).
- This compound is reported to have excellent properties as an organic semiconductor, and establishment of an industrial production method for these DNTT derivatives is expected.
- Patent Document 9 a method for synthesizing DNTT by the following route is described.
- Step 1 uses dimethyl disulfide which is a malodorous substance
- Step 2 Uses n-butyllithium which is a water-inhibiting substance
- Step 3 uses a large amount.
- problems such as extremely low reaction efficiency such as the use of iodine and (4) environmental problems such as the production of deleterious methyl iodide as a by-product.
- BTBT derivative for example, including a DNTT derivative
- Patent Document 10 discloses a method for synthesizing BTBT using an aromatic aldehyde as a starting material, and Patent Document 11 using a halogeno aromatic aldehyde as a starting material.
- This method is characterized in that a BTBT derivative (for example, including a DNTT derivative) can be synthesized from an aromatic aldehyde in one step (see Reaction Formula 3 below).
- Patent Document 12 discloses a method for synthesizing BTBT from a stilbene derivative.
- a stilbene derivative having various substituents can be used as a starting material, and a sulfur atom can be selectively introduced at the position of the leaving group X of the stilbene derivative to determine a condensed ring position.
- a BTBT derivative (for example, including a DNTT derivative) can be synthesized in a yield (see the following reaction formula 4).
- Patent Document 13 and Non-Patent Document 6 can obtain a BTBT derivative by intramolecular ring closure using an acid using a precursor obtained by Stille coupling and the like, and dealkylation of the resulting alkyl intermediate. (Refer to the following reaction formula 5). However, there is a problem that the cost for producing the intermediate is high and the resulting compound is limited.
- BTBT derivatives for example, including DNTT derivatives
- DNTT derivatives can be easily estimated to be a group of compounds having excellent characteristics, and industrial production methods are still being studied.
- An object of the present invention relates to a method for producing a heterocyclic compound. More specifically, the present invention provides a production method capable of obtaining a heterocyclic compound represented by the following formula (2), which is a useful compound that can be used in an organic electronic device, more simply and with high purity. is there.
- X1 represents a halogen atom
- Y1 and Y2 each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a selenium atom
- R1 and R2 each independently represent a substituent
- m and n represent substituents R1 and R2 respectively.
- R1 and R2 may be the same or different from each other, and are connected to each other to have a substituent.
- a ring that may be present may be formed.
- [2] The method according to [1] above, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (1) is obtained from a compound represented by the following general formula (3).
- Z1 represents a leaving group or a hydrogen atom
- Y1 and Y2 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a selenium atom
- R1 and R2 each independently represent a substituent.
- Each represents the number of substituents R1 and R2, and each represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- R1 and R2 may be the same or different, and are connected to each other. May form a ring which may have a substituent.
- [3] The method according to [2] above, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (3) is obtained by reacting a compound represented by the following general formula (4) and a compound represented by the following general formula (5). .
- Y1 and Y2 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a selenium atom
- R1 and R2 each independently represent a substituent
- R3 represents a lower alkyl group
- Z2 represents a leaving group.
- X2 represents a halogen atom
- m and n represent the number of substituents R1 and R2, respectively, and each represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- R1 and R2 are the same. Or may be different from each other and may be linked to each other to form a ring which may have a substituent.
- R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxyl group which may have a substituent, a halogen atom, The method according to any one of [1] to [4], which is selected from the group consisting of a nitro group and a cyano group. [6] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R1 and R2 are connected to each other to form a ring which may have a substituent.
- the ring that may have a substituent formed by connecting R1 and R2 to each other is a benzene ring that may have a substituent or a naphthalene ring that may have a substituent.
- [8] A heterocyclic compound obtained by the method according to any one of [1] to [7] above.
- the production method of the present invention is industrially applicable, can produce the heterocyclic compound (2) simply and with high yield, and can provide an asymmetric heterocyclic compound with high purity and high purity. .
- the manufacturing method of this invention manufactures the compound represented by Formula (2) from the compound represented by Formula (1).
- X1 represents a halogen atom
- Y1 and Y2 each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a selenium atom
- R1 and R2 each independently represent a substituent.
- m and n each represent the number of substituents R1 and R2, and each represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- R1 and R2 may be the same or different, and may be linked to each other to form a ring that may have a substituent.
- X1 halogen atom includes fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom.
- a bromine atom and an iodine atom are mentioned, More preferably, an iodine atom is mentioned.
- Y1 and Y2 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a selenium atom, preferably a sulfur atom or a selenium atom.
- R1 and R2 represent a substituent of the compound represented by the formula (2).
- Preferred examples of R1 and R2 include a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted alkoxyl group, a halogen atom, and a nitro group. And a cyano group.
- an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a halogen atom, and a nitro group may be mentioned.
- Examples of the alkyl group include saturated or unsaturated linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups, and the number of carbon atoms is preferably 1-20.
- saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl groups include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, allyl, t-butyl, n- Examples include pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-octyl group, n-decyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-stearyl group, n-butenyl group and the like.
- cyclic alkyl group examples include cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms such as a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentyl group, an adamantyl group, and a norbornyl group.
- a saturated linear alkyl group is preferred.
- the alkyl part of the alkoxyl group may be the same as the above alkyl group.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, phenanthryl group, pyrenyl group, benzopyrenyl group; pyridyl group, pyrazyl group, pyrimidyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group, pyrrolyl group, indolenyl group Heterocyclic groups such as imidazolyl group, carbazolyl group, thienyl group, furyl group, pyranyl group and pyridonyl group; and condensed heterocyclic groups such as benzoquinolyl group, anthraquinolyl group, benzothienyl group and benzofuryl group.
- a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridyl group, and a thienyl group are preferable, and a phenyl group is more preferable.
- the “substituent” of the alkyl group that may be included in the alkyl group that may have a substituent the aryl group that may have a substituent, and the alkoxyl group that may have a substituent.
- an alkyl group, an aryl group, and a halogen atom can be mentioned, and these may be the same as the alkyl group, aryl group, and halogen atom already described.
- substitution position of R1 and R2 is not particularly limited. Further, the number of R1 and R2, that is, m and n is not particularly limited, but can be 0 to 4, respectively. In the case of two or more, two or more kinds of substituents can be mixed. It is.
- R1 and R2 may be linked to each other between R1 and R2 to form a ring that may have a substituent.
- the ring formed is preferably a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and each may have a substituent.
- the substituent at this time may be the same as the substituents listed for R1 and R2, and is preferably an alkyl group that may have a substituent, an aryl group that may have a substituent, a halogen atom, or a nitro group. is there.
- the compound of the general formula (1) is preferably obtained from the general formula (3) as in the following scheme.
- Z1 represents a leaving group or a hydrogen atom.
- the leaving group include a trialkylsilyl group, an alkyl group, and an ester group, and a trialkylsilyl group is preferable.
- the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the trialkylsilyl group include a trimethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group, a triisopropylsilyl group, a tritertbutylsilyl group, and a triphenylsilyl group, and a trimethylsilyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the ester group include mesylate, tosylate, and fluorosulfonic acid ester, and tosylate is preferable.
- Y1 and Y2, R1, R2, m, and n may be the same as described above.
- X2 represents a halogen atom, and specific examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A chlorine atom and a bromine atom are preferable, and a chlorine atom is more preferable.
- Z2 represents a leaving group. The leaving group for Z2 may be the same as that mentioned for Z1.
- R3 represents a lower alkyl group.
- the lower alkyl group is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, specifically, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, allyl group, t-butyl group.
- Group, n-pentyl group and the like, methyl group, ethyl group and propyl group are preferable, and methyl group is most preferable.
- the method for producing a heterocyclic compound represented by the general formula (2) of the present invention can be obtained by the intramolecular ring closure reaction applying the Mizorogi-Heck reaction to the compound of the general formula (1).
- two or more ring-closing reactions can be performed simultaneously.
- the reaction of the compound of the general formula (1) is performed in a solvent or in the absence of a solvent, using a catalyst, if necessary, in the presence of a base.
- a palladium-based catalyst such as PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd (OAc) 2 , or PdCl 2 as the catalyst to be used.
- the amount of the catalyst used is not particularly limited, but is 0.001 to 1 mol, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 mol, and more preferably 0.001 mol per 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (1). It is 05 mol to 0.2 mol. At this time, when there are two reaction points, the amount of the catalyst used may be doubled. Further, for example, a phosphine-based ligand such as triphenylphosphine can be used.
- the base include inorganic bases such as sodium acetate, potassium acetate and potassium carbonate, and organic bases such as trierythylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, quinoline and ammonia.
- Inorganic bases such as potassium acetate and sodium acetate are preferred.
- the amount of the base used is not particularly limited, but may be an amount necessary for the reaction, and is usually 0.1 to 100 mol, preferably 0, per 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (1). .5 to 50 mol, more preferably 1 to 10 mol.
- the base can also be used as a reaction solvent.
- the reaction solvent include ethers such as diethyl ether, anisole and tetrahydrofuran; amides such as dimethylacetamide and dimethylformamide; nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile and benzonitrile; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol.
- the reaction can be carried out at a temperature of ⁇ 50 ° C. to 300 ° C. In this range, the reaction temperature may be changed as necessary, and is preferably 0 ° C. to 250 ° C., more preferably 10 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- the reaction time at that time is usually 10 minutes to 1000 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 100 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the reaction temperature, catalyst, base, and solvent usage can be adjusted so that the reaction is completed in a short time.
- the target product can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by known isolation and purification methods.
- isolation and purification methods When used as an organic semiconductor, a compound with high purity is often required, and known methods such as recrystallization, column chromatography, and vacuum sublimation purification can be employed. Moreover, you may refine
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) can be obtained by halogenating the compound of the above general formula (3). If there are two or more reactive sites in the molecule, two or more halogenation reactions can be carried out simultaneously.
- the method of halogenation is not particularly limited, but preferably, for example, as described in Non-Patent Document 7, a compound of the general formula (3) having a leaving group Z1 may be used as needed in a solvent.
- a halogenating agent is allowed to act in the presence to obtain a compound of the general formula (1).
- a compound containing at least one of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom as a halogenating agent can be mentioned. Of these, a bromine atom or an iodine atom is preferable.
- halogenating agent examples include, but are not limited to, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus tribromide, carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrabromide, N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide, N-iodosuccinimide, N, N-dichlorourea, sodium bromate, periodic acid, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 1,3-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, sulfuryl chloride, quaternary ammonium perhalides (consisting of chlorine, bromine, or iodine), cupric chloride or cupric bromide, N-chloro-phthalimide Pyridine perchloride, pyridine or pyrrolidone perbromide,
- quaternary ammonium perhalides composed of chlorine, bromine or iodine (benzyltrimethylammonium tribromide, benzyltrimethylammonium triiodide, etc.) and pyridine perhalides composed of chlorine, bromine or iodine (pyridinium bromide perbromide, etc.) More preferably, it is benzyltrimethylammonium tribromide.
- Iodine monochloride is also preferred.
- a method of halogenation via an intermediate such as lithiation can also be used.
- the amount of the halogenating agent to be used is not particularly limited, but is 1 to 100 mol, preferably 1 to 10 mol, more preferably 1 mol to 1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (3). 5 moles. At this time, when there are two reaction points, the moles may be used twice.
- a solvent may or may not be used.
- Common solvents used for the synthesis of organic compounds can be used.
- aromatic compounds having no methyl group such as chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, bromobenzene, nitrobenzene; saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, n-heptane, n-pentane; cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclopentane
- Alicyclic hydrocarbons such as n-propyl bromide, n-butyl chloride, n-butyl bromide, dichloromethane, dibromomethane, dichloropropane, dibromopropane, dichloroethane, dibromoethane, dichloropropane, dibromopropane, dichlorobutane, chloroform, Saturated aliphatic hal
- solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a solvent having a melting point of room temperature or lower that is liquid during a low temperature reaction is preferred.
- the amount of the solvent to be used is not particularly limited, but is about 0 to 10000 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (3).
- the reaction can be carried out at a temperature of ⁇ 100 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- the reaction temperature may be changed as necessary, and is preferably -78 ° C to 50 ° C, more preferably -50 ° C to 30 ° C.
- the reaction time at that time is usually 10 minutes to 1000 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 100 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 10 hours. It is preferable to adjust the reaction temperature, the halogenating agent, and the amount of the solvent used so that the reaction is completed in a short time.
- the target product can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by known isolation and purification methods. When used as an organic semiconductor, a compound with high purity is often required, and known methods such as recrystallization, column chromatography, and vacuum sublimation purification can be employed. Moreover, you may refine
- the compound of the general formula (1) can be obtained by directly halogenating or lithiating the compound of the general formula (3).
- the elimination reaction of the leaving group Z1 is not limited, but examples include those described in Non-Patent Document 7.
- Desorbing agents include various acids such as hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, paratoluenesulfonic acid, and fluoride ions such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, and cesium fluoride. Is mentioned. Preferred are fluoride ions such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, and cesium fluoride.
- the amount of fluoride ion used at this time is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (3) having the silylalkyl group. ⁇ 5 mol, more preferably 1 mol ⁇ 2 mol. At this time, when there are two reaction points, the molar amount may be doubled.
- a solvent may or may not be used in the elimination reaction.
- combination of an organic compound can be used.
- Ethers such as diethyl ether, anisole and tetrahydrofuran; Amides such as dimethylacetamide and dimethylformamide; Nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile and benzonitrile; Alkanes such as hexane, cyclohexane and octane; Methanol, ethanol,
- the reaction can be carried out using alcohols such as butanol.
- Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran are preferred.
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is about 0 to 10000 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (3).
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 80 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- the reaction temperature may be changed as necessary, and is preferably ⁇ 50 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time at that time may be 1 minute to 10 hours, and the reaction is preferably completed in a short time, but is usually 5 minutes to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 10 hours.
- the reaction temperature, the desorbing agent, and the amount of the solvent used can be adjusted so that the reaction is completed in a short time.
- a compound of the general formula (1) can be obtained through halogenation or lithiation of the compound of the general formula (3) in which Z1 is a hydrogen atom.
- the halogenation method at this time may be the same as the halogenation method of the compound of the general formula (3) having a trialkylsilyl group as Z of the leaving group described above. More preferred is a method in which halogenation is carried out via an intermediate such as lithiation in a solvent.
- Solvents used are ethers such as diethyl ether, anisole and tetrahydrofuran; amides such as dimethylacetamide and dimethylformamide; nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile and benzonitrile; alkanes such as hexane, cyclohexane and octane
- the reaction can be carried out using alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol. Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran are preferred.
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is about 0 to 10000 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (3).
- the reaction can be carried out at a temperature of ⁇ 80 ° C.
- the reaction temperature may be changed as necessary, and is preferably ⁇ 50 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time at that time is usually 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 20 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 10 hours. It is preferable to adjust the reaction temperature, the lithiating agent, the halogenating agent, and the amount of the solvent used so that the reaction is completed in a short time.
- the target product can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by known isolation and purification methods as necessary. Known methods such as recrystallization, column chromatography and vacuum sublimation purification can be employed. Moreover, you may refine
- the compound represented by the general formula (3) is preferably obtained by condensation ring closure of the compound represented by the general formula (4) and the compound represented by the above general formula (5).
- This reaction can be carried out based on the descriptions in Non-Patent Documents 8 and 9.
- two or more condensed cyclization reactions can be performed simultaneously. Specifically, it can be obtained by mixing and reacting the compound represented by the general formula (4) and the compound represented by the general formula (5) in an organic solvent.
- the ratio of the compound represented by the general formula (4) and the compound represented by the above general formula (5) is not particularly limited, but with respect to 1 mol of the compound of the above general formula (4),
- the compound of the general formula (5) is 0.5 to 5 mol, preferably 0.9 to 3 mol, more preferably 1 to 2 mol. At this time, when there are two reaction points, the molar amount may be doubled.
- any general solvent used for organic synthesis can be used.
- aromatic compounds having no methyl group such as chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, bromobenzene, nitrobenzene; saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, n-heptane, n-pentane; cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclopentane
- Alicyclic hydrocarbons such as n-propyl bromide, n-butyl chloride, n-butyl bromide, dichloromethane, dibromomethane, dichloropropane, dibromopropane, dichloroethane, dibromoethane, dichloropropane, dibromopropane, dichlorobutane, chloroform, Saturated aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as bromoform, carbon tetrach
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is about 0 to 10000 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound of the general formula (4).
- the reaction can be carried out at a temperature of ⁇ 80 ° C. to 200 ° C. In this range, the reaction temperature may be changed as necessary, and is preferably ⁇ 50 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time at that time is usually 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 20 hours, more preferably 10 minutes to 10 hours.
- the reaction temperature and the amount of solvent used can be adjusted so that the reaction is completed in a short time.
- the desired product can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by a known isolation and purification method, if necessary.
- Known methods such as recrystallization, column chromatography and vacuum sublimation purification can be employed.
- General formulas (1), (3), (4), (5) can be used as intermediates and raw materials for obtaining these compounds of general formula (2), but some examples of these combinations are also possible.
- the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the reaction pathway when the compounds (2-1), (2-19), (2-58), (2-73), and (2-112) are prepared by the production method of the present invention is described below.
- Example 5 Production of 3-((p-nitrophenyl) sulfenyl) -2-iodobenzo [b] thiophene (Compound 1-3) 3- (Phenylsulfenyl) -2-trimethylsilylbenzo [b] thiophene was changed to 3-((p-nitrophenyl) sulfenyl) -2-trimethylsilylbenzo [b] thiophene, and the same procedure as in Example 2 was performed. Reaction was performed. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, CHCl 3 , Rf: 0.9) gave a yellow solid (yield 94%).
- Example 10 [1] Production of benzothieno [2,3-d] naphtho [2,3-b] thiophene (Compound 2-73) The reaction was conducted in the same procedure as in Example 3, except that 3- (phenylsulfenyl) -2-iodobenzo [b] thiophene was changed to 3- (phenylsulfenyl) -2-iodonaphtho [2,3-b] thiophene. went. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, CHCl 3 , Rf: 0.9) gave a yellow solid (yield 91%).
- Example 11 Production of 3- (phenylselenenyl) -2-trimethylsilylbenzo [b] thiophene (compound 3-6) The reaction was carried out in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that phenylsulfenyl chloride was changed to phenylselenenyl chloride. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, hexane, Rf: 0.50) gave quantitatively 3- (phenylselenenyl) -2-trimethylsilylbenzo [b] thiophene.
- Example 12 Production of 3- (phenylselenenyl) benzo [b] thiophene (compound 3-7) The reaction was conducted in the same procedure as in Example 8 except that 3- (phenylsulfenyl) -2-trimethylsilylnaphtho [2,3-b] thiophene was changed to 3- (phenylselenenyl) -2-trimethylsilylbenzo [b] thiophene. went. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, CHCl 3 , Rf: 0.9) gave a white solid quantitatively.
- Example 13 Production of 3- (phenylselenenyl) -2-iodobenzo [b] thiophene (Compound 1-5) The reaction was performed in the same procedure as in Example 9 except that 3- (phenylsulfenyl) naphtho [2,3-b] thiophene was changed to 3- (phenylselenenyl) benzo [b] thiophene. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, CHCl 3 Rf: 0.9) gave 3- (phenylselenenyl) -2-iodobenzo [b] thiophene as a yellow solid (yield 70%).
- Example 14 [1] Preparation of benzoselenopheno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (compound 2-112) The reaction was performed in the same procedure as in Example 3 except that 3- (phenylsulfenyl) -2-iodobenzo [b] thiophene was changed to 3- (phenylselenenyl) -2-iodobenzo [b] thiophene. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, CHCl 3 , Rf: 0.9) gave a yellow solid (yield 85%).
- Example 16 Production of 3,7-bis (phenylsulfenyl) naphtho [2,3-b: 6,7-b ′] dithiophene (compound 3-9)
- Example 8 was changed from 3- (phenylsulfenyl) -2-trimethylsilylnaphtho [2,3-b] thiophene to 3,7-bis (1-trimethylsilylethylnyl) -2,6-bis (methylthio) naphthalene.
- the reaction was carried out in the same procedure as described above. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, CHCl 3 , Rf: 0.9) gave a yellow solid quantitatively.
- 1 H NMR 400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 7.12-7.24 (m, 10H), 7.78 (s, 2H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H)
- BTBT and DNTT derivatives which are a group of compounds having excellent organic semiconductor characteristics, can be easily and efficiently produced. Furthermore, an asymmetric derivative can be produced efficiently. Therefore, it can be said that this production method is extremely useful. In addition, since the compound is obtained with high purity and high yield, the compound obtained by the production method of the present invention is suitable for use as an organic semiconductor.
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Abstract
Description
これら有機エレクトロニクスデバイスの開発には、そのデバイスを構成する有機半導体材料の開発が非常に重要である。アセン系有機半導体のペンタセンなどは有機トランジスタ材料として盛んに検討がなされている。複素環系のヘテロアセン系化合物においても、硫黄やセレン原子を含んだ材料を中心に検討がなされている。その中でもベンゾチエノベンゾチオフェン系(DPh-BTBT、AlkylBTBT)やジナフトチエノチオフェン(DNTT)系の材料などは大気安定で高性能の材料として開発されており、ペンタセンと比較して半導体特性や安定性など優れた化合物として提案されている(特許文献1-3、非特許文献1-3)。これらの有用な化合物の製造方法としての報告は幾つもなされているが、必ずしも満足のいく収率とはいえない事や、非対称の構造の化合物を収率良く得ることが困難であることなど満足な状況とは言い難い。更なる製造方法の改良が望まれている現状にある。
BTBTを合成する方法として、特許文献4はα,α-ジクロロトルエンと硫黄との反応から、BTBTを合成する方法を開示しているが、一般的にジクロロメチル基を有する化合物は入手性や保存性において問題が多い。また、特許文献4、特許文献5には、α,α,α-トリクロロトルエンからBTBTを合成する方法が開示されているが、収率は12%程度と非常に低く実用的ではない。その後、開発された合成法として、下記反応式1の反応が知られているが、反応経路が長く生産コストが非常に高くなってしまう問題がある(特許文献6)。
即ち、本発明は、下記の通りである。
[1]一般式(1)で表わされる複素環化合物から、下記一般式(2)で表される複素環化合物を製造する方法。
(式中、X1はハロゲン原子、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立に酸素原子、硫黄原子、又はセレン原子を表わし、R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に置換基を表わす。m及びnはそれぞれ置換基R1及びR2の数を表わし、それぞれ0~4の整数を表わす。m及びnが2以上の場合は、R1及びR2はそれぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよく、また互いに連結して置換基を有してもよい環を形成してもよい。)
[2]一般式(1)で表わされる化合物は、下記一般式(3)で表わされる化合物から得られる、上記[1]に記載の方法。
(式中、Z1は脱離基又は水素原子を表わし、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立に酸素原子、硫黄原子、又はセレン原子を表わし、R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に置換基を表わす。m及びnはそれぞれ置換基R1及びR2の数を表わし、それぞれ0~4の整数を表わす。m及びnが2以上の場合は、R1及びR2はそれぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよく、また互いに連結して置換基を有してもよい環を形成してもよい。)
[3]一般式(3)で表わされる化合物は、下記一般式(4)で表わされる化合物及び下記一般式(5)で表わされる化合物を反応させて得られる、上記[2]に記載の方法。
(式中、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立に酸素原子、硫黄原子、又はセレン原子を表わし、R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に置換基を表わし、R3は低級アルキル基を表わし、Z2は脱離基を表わし、X2はハロゲン原子を表わす。m及びnはそれぞれ置換基R1及びR2の数を表わし、それぞれ0~4の整数を表わす。m及びnが2以上の場合は、R1及びR2はそれぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよく、また互いに連結して置換基を有してもよい環を形成してもよい。)
[4]Y1及びY2がそれぞれ独立に硫黄原子またはセレン原子である、上記[1]乃至[3]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[5]R1及びR2が、それぞれ独立に水素原子、置換基を有してもよいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアリール基、置換基を有してもよいアルコキシル基、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、及びシアノ基からなる群から選択される[1]乃至[4]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[6]R1及びR2が互いに連結して置換基を有してもよい環を形成している、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
[7]前記、R1及びR2が互いに連結して形成した置換基を有してもよい環が、置換基を有してもよいベンゼン環又は置換基を有してもよいナフタレン環である、[6]に記載の方法。
[8]上記[1]乃至[7]のいずれかに記載の方法により得られる複素環化合物。
[9][8]に記載の複素環化合物を含む有機半導体材料。
に関する。
この時、用いる触媒としてはPdCl2(PPh3)2、Pd(PPh3)4、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2などのパラジウム系の触媒を用いることが好ましい。この触媒の使用量としては、特に限定されないが、上記一般式(1)の化合物1モルに対して、0.001~1モル、好ましくは0.01~0.5モル、より好ましくは0.05モル~0.2モルである。この時反応点が2箇所ある場合は、触媒の使用量を2倍モルとすればよい。また例えばトリフェニルホスフィン等のホスフィン系配位子等を用いることも出来る。
塩基としては、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、炭酸カリウム等の無機塩基、トリエリチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、トリブチルアミン、ピリジン、キノリン、アンモニア等の有機塩基などが挙げられる。酢酸カリウムや酢酸ナトリウムなどの無機塩基が好ましい。塩基の使用量としては、特に限定するものではないが、反応に必要な量があればよく、上記一般式(1)の化合物1モルに対して、通常0.1~100モル、好ましくは0.5~50モル、より好ましくは1~10モルである。塩基が液体である場合、塩基を反応溶媒として用いることも出来る。
反応溶媒として、ジエチルエーテル、アニソール、テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル類;ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミドなどのアミド類等;アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ベンゾニトリルなどのニトリル類;メタノール、エタノール、ブタノールなどのアルコール類が挙げられ、これらを用いて、反応を行うことが出来る。テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル類、ジメチルアセトアミドなどのアミド類が好ましい。この溶媒の使用量としては、特に限定するものではないが、上記一般式(1)の化合物1モルに対して、0~10000モル程度である。
反応は-50℃~300℃の温度で行うことができる。この範囲で必要に応じて反応温度を変化させてもよく、好ましくは0℃~250℃、より好ましくは10℃~200℃である。その時の反応時間は通常10分~1000時間であり、30分~100時間が好ましく、30分~24時間がより好ましい。短時間で反応が終了するように、反応温度、触媒、塩基、溶媒の使用量を調整することができる。
必要に応じて公知の単離、精製方法によって、反応混合物から目的物を単離、精製することが出来る。有機半導体として用いる場合は、純度が高い化合物が求められることも多く、再結晶、カラムクロマトグラフィー及び真空昇華精製などの公知な方法が採用できる。また必要に応じて、これらの手法を組み合わせて精製してもよい。
ハロゲン化の方法は特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは、例えば非特許文献7に記載されているように、脱離基Z1を有する一般式(3)の化合物を必要に応じて溶媒の存在下、ハロゲン化剤を作用させて一般式(1)の化合物を得る方法がある。この時はハロゲン化剤としてフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、またはヨウ素原子の少なくとも一種を含有している化合物が挙げられる。中でも臭素原子またはヨウ素原子が好ましい。
リチオ化などの中間体を経てハロゲン化を行う方法も使用することが出来る。このハロゲン化剤の使用量としては、特に限定するものではないが、上記一般式(3)の化合物1モルに対して、1~100モル、好ましくは1~10モル、より好ましくは1モル~5モルである。この時反応点が2箇所ある場合は2倍モル使用すればよい。
溶媒の使用量としては、特に限定するものではないが、上記一般式(3)の化合物1モルに対して、0~10000モル程度である。
必要に応じて公知の単離、精製方法によって、反応混合物から目的物を単離、精製することが出来る。有機半導体として用いる場合は、純度が高い化合物が求められることも多く、再結晶、カラムクロマトグラフィー及び真空昇華精製などの公知な方法が採用できる。また必要に応じて、これらの手法を組み合わせて精製してもよい。
この時用いられるフッ化物イオンの使用量としては、特に限定するものではないが、上記シリルアルキル基を持つ一般式(3)の化合物1モルに対して、0.1~10モル、好ましくは1~5モル、より好ましくは1モル~2モルである。この時反応点が2箇所ある場合は2倍モルとすればよい。
脱離反応の際に溶媒は使用しても使用しなくてもよい。有機化合物の合成に用いられる一般的な溶媒を用いることができる。特にジエチルエーテル、アニソール、テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル類;ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミドなどのアミド類等;アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ベンゾニトリルなどのニトリル類;ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、オクタンなどのアルカン類;メタノール、エタノール、ブタノールなどのアルコール類など用いて、反応を行うことが出来る。テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル類が好ましい。この溶媒の使用量としては、特に限定されるものではないが、上記一般式(3)の化合物1モルに対して、0~10000モル程度である。反応温度としては、-80℃~200℃で行うのがよい。この範囲で必要に応じて反応温度を変化させても良く、好ましくは-50℃~100℃、より好ましくは-40℃~80℃である。その時の反応時間は1分~10時間で良く、短時間で反応が終了するのが好ましいが、通常は5分~20時間、好ましくは10分~10時間である。短時間で反応が終了するように、反応温度、脱離剤、溶媒の使用量を調整することができる。
この時のハロゲン化の方法としては先述した脱離基のZとしてトリアルキルシリル基を有する一般式(3)の化合物のハロゲン化方法と同様でよい。さらに好ましくは溶媒中リチオ化などの中間体を経てハロゲン化を行う方法が挙げられる。
使用する溶媒としては特にジエチルエーテル、アニソール、テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル類;ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミドなどのアミド類等;アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ベンゾニトリルなどのニトリル類;ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、オクタンなどのアルカン類;メタノール、エタノール、ブタノールなどのアルコール類など用いて、反応を行うことが出来る。テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル類が好ましい。この溶媒の使用量としては、特に限定するものではないが、上記一般式(3)の化合物1モルに対して、0~10000モル程度である。反応は、-80℃~200℃の温度で行うことができる。この範囲で必要に応じて反応温度を変化させてもよく、好ましくは-50℃~100℃、より好ましくは-40℃~80℃である。その時の反応時間は通常1分~10時間、好ましくは30分~20時間、より好ましくは1時間~10時間である。短時間で反応が終了するように、反応温度、リチオ化剤、ハロゲン化剤、溶媒の使用量を調整することが好ましい。
それぞれの反応において、必要に応じて公知の単離、精製方法によって、反応混合物から目的物を単離、精製することが出来る。再結晶、カラムクロマトグラフィー及び真空昇華精製などの公知な方法が採用できる。また必要に応じて、これらの手法を組み合わせて精製してもよい。
具体的には有機溶媒中、一般式(4)で表される化合物と一般式(5)で表される化合物を混合反応することによって得ることが出来る。
この反応において、必要に応じて公知の単離、精製方法によって、反応混合物から目的物を単離、精製することが出来る。再結晶、カラムクロマトグラフィー及び真空昇華精製などの公知な方法が採用できる。また必要に応じて、これらの手法を組み合わせて精製してもよい。
化合物(2-1)、(2-19)、(2-58)、(2-73)、(2-112)を本発明の製造方法で調製した場合の反応経路を下記する。
目的化合物の構造は、必要に応じて1H NMR(1H核磁気共鳴スペクトル)、MS(質量分析スペクトル)、融点測定及び元素分析により決定した。使用した機器は以下の通りである。
1H NMR: JEOL Lambda 400 spectrometer
MS: Shimadzu QP-5050A
融点測定: 柳本微量融点測定装置 MP-S3
元素分析: Parkin Elmer2400 CHN型元素分析計
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物3-1)の製造
窒素雰囲気下、CH2Cl2(50ml)溶媒中の塩化フェニルスルフェニル (1.5 eq,0.7ml,7.5mmol)溶液を2-(1-トリメチルシリルエチニル)チオアニソール (1.1g,5mmol) のCH2Cl2 (70ml)溶液中に0℃で滴下し、室温で4時間攪拌した。反応液をCH2Cl2(10ml)で抽出し、H2O(50ml×3)及び 塩水(50ml)で洗浄した。抽出液を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,AcOEt:hexane=1:10, Rf: 0.80)にて精製し、3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェンを得た(1.4g,4.5mmol,収率93%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.41(s, 9H), 6.97(t-d, 2H, J=1.42, 7.19 Hz), 7.05(t-t, 1H, J=1.42, 7.19 Hz), 7.15(d-t, 2H, 1.42, 7.19 Hz), 7.30(d-t, 1H, J=1.32, 7.68 Hz), 7.35(d-t 1H, J=1.32, 7.68 Hz), 7.73(d-d, 1H, J=1.32, 7.68Hz), 7.89(d-d, 1H, J=1.32, 7.68 Hz)
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 134(M+)
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物1-1)の製造
窒素雰囲気中、-40℃で1MのIClのCH2Cl2溶液(0.6ml, 0.6mmol)を3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェン (157mg,0.5mmol)のCH2Cl2 (5ml)溶液中に添加した。3時間、40℃で攪拌し、その後Na2S2O5水溶液を添加、CH2Cl2(10ml)で抽出、塩水(15ml×3)で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3, Rf:0.9)にて精製し、3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンを得た(167 mg,0.5mmol,収率90%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.08-7.14(m, 3H), 7.20(t, 2H, J= 7.83 Hz), 7.28-7.35(m, 2H), 7.79(d-d, 2H, J=2.25, 6.94 Hz)
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 368 (M+)
[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(化合物2-1)の製造
窒素雰囲気中、脱気した3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェン(150mg,0.4mmol)及びNaOAc (67mg,0.8mmol)のDMAc(8ml)溶液中にPdCl2(PPh3)2 (14mg,0.02mmol)を添加した。140℃で12時間攪拌し、反応液中に1NのHClを添加した。EtOAc/hexane (50ml)で抽出し、塩水 (50ml×3)で洗浄した。硫化マグネシウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,hexane, Rf: 0.3)で精製し、[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェンを得た (72 mg,0.3 mmol、収率73%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41(d-t, 2H, J=1.42, 7.63 Hz), 7.47(d-t, 2H, J=1.42, 7.63 Hz), 7.90(d-d, 2H, J=1.42, 7.63 Hz), 7.93(d-d, 2H, J=1.42, 7.63 Hz)
3-((p-ニトロフェニル)スルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物3-3)の製造
塩化フェニルスルフェニルを塩化p-ニトロフェニルスルフェニルに変更し、実施例1と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、AcOEt:hexane=1:5,Rf:0.83)にて精製し、3-((p-ニトロフェニル)スルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェンを得た(収率97%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.40(s, 9H), 7.02(d-d, 2H, J= 2.15, 9.05 Hz), 7.35(d-t, 1H, J=1.27, 7.48 Hz), 7.41(d-t, 1H, J=1.27, 7.48 Hz), 7.68(d-d, 1H, J=1.27, 7.48 Hz), 7.94(d-d, 1H, J=1.27, 7.48 Hz), 8.01(d-d, 2H, J= 2.15, 9.05 Hz)
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 359 (M+)
3-((p-ニトロフェニル)スルフェニル)―2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物1-3)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェンを3-((p-ニトロフェニル)スルフェニル)―2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェンに変更し、実施例2と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3,Rf:0.9)にて精製し、黄色の固体を得た(収率94%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.08(t-d, 2H, J=2.01, 9.00 Hz), 7.34(d-d, 1H, J=1.03, 7.29 Hz), 7.38(d-d, 1H, J=1.03, 7.29 Hz), 7.71(d-d, 1H, J=1.22, 7.14 Hz), 7.84(d-d, 1H, J=1.22, 7.14 Hz), 8.05(t-d, 2H, J=2.01, 9.00 Hz)
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 418 (M+)
3-ニトロ[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(化合物2-58)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンを3-((p-ニトロフェニル)スルフェニル)―2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンに変更し、実施例3と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、CHCl3 Rf:0.9)にて精製し、黄色の固体を得た(収率81%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48(d-t, 1H, J=1.61, 7.19 Hz), 7.51(d-t, 1H, J=1.61, 7.19 Hz), 7.95(m, 2H), 8.01(d, 1H, J=8.85 Hz), 8.26(d-d, J=2.2, 8.85 Hz), 8.77(d, 1H, J=2.2 Hz)
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルナフト[2,3―b]チオフェン(化合物3-4)の製造
2-(1-トリメチルシリルエチニル)チオアニソールを3-(1-トリメチルシリルエチニル)-2-メチルチオナフタレンに変更し、実施例1と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3:hexane=1:5,Rf:0.65)にて精製し、白色固体を定量的に得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.44(s, 9H), 7.00-7.07(m, 3H), 7.15(t-t, 2H, J= 1.32, 7.58 Hz), 7.41(d-t, 1H, J=1.22, 7.34 Hz), 7.47(d-t, 1H, J=1.22, 7.34 Hz), 7.78(d, 1H, J=8.22 Hz), 7.91(d, 1H, J=8.22 Hz), 8.25(s, 1H), 8.38(s, 1H)
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 364 (M+)
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン(化合物3-5)の製造
-40℃にて、1Mのフッ化テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウムのTHF(5 ml,5 mmol)溶液を3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルナフト[2,3―b]チオフェン(550mg,1.5mmol)のTHF (50 ml) 及び水(0.3 ml)に添加した。室温にて4時間攪拌した後、反応液を水(50ml)にあけ、析出した固体をろ別し、エタノールとヘキサンにて洗浄した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3,Rf:0.9)にて精製し、白色固体を定量的に得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.11-7.16(m, 1H), 7.21(d, 4H, J=4.35), 7.45(d-t, 1H, J=1.37, 6.70 Hz), 7.50(d-t, 1H, J=1.37, 6.70 Hz), 7.78(s, 1H), 7.93(d, 2H, 8.02), 8.31(s, 1H), 8.39(s, 1H)
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン(化合物1-4)の製造
窒素雰囲気中、0℃にて3-(フェニルスルフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン(146mg,0.5mmol)の THF(5ml)溶液にn-ブチルリチウム(1.63M(溶媒:ヘキサン)、0.46ml、0.75mmol)を滴下した。室温として1時間攪拌した後、0℃でヨード (190mg,0.75mmol)を添加し、さらに6時間室温にて攪拌した。その後Na2S2O5水溶液を添加、Ch2Cl2(50ml×3)で抽出、塩水(15ml×3)で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、CHCl3Rf:0.9)にて精製し、3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードナフト[2,3-b]チオフェンをオレンジ色の固体として得た ( 138mg,0.3mmol,収率66%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.10-7.22(m, 5H), 7.46(t, 1H, J=7.29Hz), 7.51(t, 1H, J=7.29Hz), 7.91(t, 2H, J=7.29Hz), 8.28(s, 1H), 8.30(s, 1H)
[1]ベンゾチエノ[2,3-d]ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン(化合物2-73)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンを3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードナフト[2,3-b]チオフェンに変更して、実施例3と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3,Rf:0.9)にて精製し、黄色の固体を得た(収率91%)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.44 (d-t, 1H, J=1.42, 7.39Hz), 7.47 (d-t, 1H, J=1.42, 7.39Hz), 7.51(t, 1H, J=3.18Hz), 7.53(t, 1H, J=3.18Hz), 7.89-7.97(m, 2H), 8.01(d, 1H, J=3.18Hz), 8.04 (d, 1H, J=3.18Hz), 8.37(s, 1H), 8.40(s, 1H)
3-(フェニルセレネニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物3-6)の製造
塩化フェニルスルフェニルを塩化フェニルセレネニルに変更して、実施例1と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,ヘキサン,Rf:0.50)にて精製し、3-(フェニルセレネニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェンを定量的に得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.43(s, 9H), 7.05-7.14(m, 5H), 7.31(d-t, 1H, J=1.27, 7.04 Hz), 7.35(d-t, 1H, J=1.27, 7.04 Hz), 7.82(d-d, 1H, J= 1.47, 7.24 Hz), 7.90(d-d, 1H, J= 1.47, 7.24 Hz)
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 362 (M+)
3-(フェニルセレネニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物3-7)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルナフト[2,3―b]チオフェンを3-(フェニルセレネニル)-2-トリメチルシリルベンゾ[b]チオフェンに変更し実施例8と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、CHCl3,Rf:0.9)にて精製し、白色固体を定量的に得た。
3-(フェニルセレネニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェン(化合物1-5)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェンを3-(フェニルセレネニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェンに変更し、実施例9と同様の手順で反応を行った。
カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、CHCl3 Rf:0.9)にて精製し、3-(フェニルセレネニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンを黄色の固体として得た (収率70%)。
[1]ベンゾセレノフェノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(化合物2-112)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンを3-(フェニルセレネニル)-2-ヨードベンゾ[b]チオフェンに変更し、実施例3と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3,Rf:0.9)にて精製し、黄色の固体を得た(収率85%)。
3,7-ビス(フェニルスルフェニル)-2,6-ビス(トリメチルシリル)ナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(化合物3-8)の製造
2-(1-トリメチルシリルエチルニル)チオアニソールを3,7-ビス(1-トリメチルシリルエチルニル)-2,6-ビス(メチルチオ)ナフタレンに変更し、実施例1と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3:hexane= 1:5,Rf:0.65)にて精製し、黄色固体を得た。(収率81%)
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.43(s, 9H), 7.02-7.08(m, 3H), 7.15(t, 2H, J=7.73 Hz), 8.31(s, 1H), 8.41(s, 1H)
3,7-ビス(フェニルスルフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(化合物3-9)の製造
3-(フェニルスルフェニル)-2-トリメチルシリルナフト[2,3-b]チオフェンを3,7-ビス(1-トリメチルシリルエチルニル)-2,6-ビス(メチルチオ)ナフタレンに変更し、実施例8と同様の手順で反応を行った。カラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル,CHCl3,Rf:0.9)にて精製し、黄色固体を定量的に得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.12-7.24(m, 10H), 7.78(s, 2H), 8.37(s, 1H), 8.47(s, 1H)
3,7-ビス(フェニルスルフェニル)-2,6-ジヨードナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(化合物1-6)の製造
窒素雰囲気中、0℃にて3,7-ビス(フェニルスルフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(1.0g,2.2mmol)のTHF(100ml)溶液にn-ブチルリチウム(1.63Mヘキサン溶液,5.4ml,8.8mmol)を滴下した。2時間還流した後、0℃でヨウ素 (2.23g,8.8mmol)を添加し、さらに6時間還流した。その後温度を室温にし、Na2S2O5水溶液を添加し、水で希釈した。析出した固体をろ別し、エタノールとクロロホルムにて洗浄し3,7-ビス(フェニルスルフェニル)-2,6-ジヨードナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェンを得た(570mg,0.8mmol,収率37%) 。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.10-7.21(m, 10H), 8.33(s, 2H), 8.34(s, 2H)
ビス[1]ベンゾチエノ[2,3-d;2’,3’-d’]ナフト[2,3-b;6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(化合物2-105)の製造
窒素雰囲気中、脱気した3,7-ビス(フェニルスルフェニル)-2,6-ジヨードナフト[2,3-b;6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(600mg,0.85mmol)及びNaOAc (279mg,3.4mmol)のDMAc(60ml)溶液中にPdCl2(PPh3)2 (63mg,0.09mmol)を添加した。140℃で12時間攪拌し、反応液中に1NのHClを添加し、水で希釈した。析出した固体をろ別し、エタノールとクロロホルムにて洗浄し、更にアセトンとクロロホルムを用いたソックスレー抽出にて洗浄し、昇華精製にて精製し、黄色固体を得た。(130mg,0.29mmol,収率34%)
Claims (9)
- Y1及びY2がそれぞれ独立に硫黄原子またはセレン原子である、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- R1及びR2が、それぞれ独立に水素原子、置換基を有してもよいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアリール基、置換基を有してもよいアルコキシル基、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、及びシアノ基からなる群から選択される請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- R1及びR2が互いに連結して置換基を有してもよい環を形成している、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記、R1及びR2が互いに連結して形成した置換基を有してもよい環が、置換基を有してもよいベンゼン環又は置換基を有してもよいナフタレン環である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の方法により得られる複素環化合物。
- 請求項8に記載の複素環化合物を含む有機半導体材料。
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JP2019050398A (ja) * | 2014-04-25 | 2019-03-28 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 撮像素子用光電変換素子 |
KR20160093550A (ko) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 축합다환 헤테로방향족 화합물, 이를 포함하는 유기 박막 및 상기 유기 박막을 포함하는 전자 소자 |
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JP2021100042A (ja) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-01 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 有機光電変換素子用材料、有機光電変換素子及びこれらを用いた有機撮像素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN104903329A (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
EP2889300A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
CN104903329B (zh) | 2017-07-04 |
TW201420581A (zh) | 2014-06-01 |
TWI620745B (zh) | 2018-04-11 |
JP6161168B2 (ja) | 2017-07-12 |
EP2889300A4 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
KR20150045507A (ko) | 2015-04-28 |
JPWO2014030700A1 (ja) | 2016-07-28 |
KR102058770B1 (ko) | 2019-12-23 |
US20150239901A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
US9260451B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 |
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