WO2004089829A1 - 複合化酸化インジウム粒子およびその製造方法ならびに導電性塗料、導電性塗膜および導電性シート - Google Patents
複合化酸化インジウム粒子およびその製造方法ならびに導電性塗料、導電性塗膜および導電性シート Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004089829A1 WO2004089829A1 PCT/JP2004/004655 JP2004004655W WO2004089829A1 WO 2004089829 A1 WO2004089829 A1 WO 2004089829A1 JP 2004004655 W JP2004004655 W JP 2004004655W WO 2004089829 A1 WO2004089829 A1 WO 2004089829A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- zinc
- particles
- composite
- indium oxide
- Prior art date
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 287
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002471 indium Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 216
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- -1 aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002259 gallium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- KBEVZHAXWGOKCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxygen(2-) tin(4+) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Zn++].[Sn+4] KBEVZHAXWGOKCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- UKCIUOYPDVLQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(3+);trichloride;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.Cl[In](Cl)Cl UKCIUOYPDVLQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- IJJPOUUNTYKRHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum hexanitrate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IJJPOUUNTYKRHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007607 die coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSSCl PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSUTUEIGSOWBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2] WSUTUEIGSOWBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021513 gallium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNUARHPNFXVKEI-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ga+3] DNUARHPNFXVKEI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001449 indium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000337 indium(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGUXCTSQIGAGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[In+3] IGUXCTSQIGAGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XGCKLPDYTQRDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-H indium(iii) sulfate Chemical compound [In+3].[In+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XGCKLPDYTQRDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N stannane Chemical compound [SnH4] KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000083 tin tetrahydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- KHMOASUYFVRATF-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);tetrachloride;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl KHMOASUYFVRATF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- CVNKFOIOZXAFBO-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Sn+4] CVNKFOIOZXAFBO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinitrooxystannyl nitrate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZULTYUIALNTCSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc hydride Chemical compound [ZnH2] ZULTYUIALNTCSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000051 zinc hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/08—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G15/00—Compounds of gallium, indium or thallium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
- C01G19/006—Compounds containing, besides tin, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite oxidized film particle, a method for producing the same, a conductive paint, a conductive coating film, and a conductive sheet.
- the present invention relates to composite zinc oxide particles comprising zinc oxide and tin-containing zinc oxide, a method for producing the same, and a conductive paint, a conductive coating film, and a conductive sheet using the particles.
- tin oxide particles As materials for the transparent conductive paint, tin oxide particles, antimony-containing tin oxide particles, tin-containing zinc oxide particles, aluminum-substituted zinc oxide particles, and the like are known. Above all, tin-containing indium oxide particles have high transparency to visible light and high conductivity, and require CRT (cathode-ray tube) screens, LCD (liquid crystal) display) It is applied to screens and used. Furthermore, due to its translucency and conductivity, the sheet coated with these particles is expected to be used in a wide range of applications, not only for displays but also for touch panels.
- CTR cathode-ray tube
- LCD liquid crystal
- tin-containing oxidized indium particles have inferior properties to tin-containing oxidized indium films prepared by vapor deposition or the spa method, and are relatively simple and cost-effective to apply.
- the advantages of being able to be produced by the above means have not been fully utilized, and have been applied only to limited uses.
- tin-containing indium oxide has a problem that raw material costs are high because indium, which is a main raw material thereof, is expensive.
- zinc oxide particles, titanium oxide particles, cerium oxide particles, iron oxide particles, and the like are known as materials for ultraviolet shielding or high refractive index paints.
- zinc oxide particles exhibit excellent shielding properties against ultraviolet rays in the UV-A region, and particularly have high transparency to visible light, so that they are applied as cosmetics for shielding ultraviolet rays, and have a high refractive index. Because of its (refractive index 2.1), it is also applied as a high refractive index material.
- Disperse transparent particles such as tin-containing zinc oxide and zinc oxide in the binder When used after application, the particle size must be usually less than 1/2 of the wavelength of light in order to obtain high visible light transparency. Therefore, for example, in order to make it transparent to visible light, it is necessary to use fine particles having a particle diameter of 200 nm or less.
- a method for producing such fine particles is described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Sho 62-72627. In this method, an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide or an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate is added to a mixed aqueous solution of indium chloride and tin chloride to form a coprecipitated hydroxide, and the hydroxide is subjected to heat treatment.
- tin-containing zinc oxide After forming tin-containing zinc oxide, it is mechanically pulverized to obtain fine particles.
- tin-containing indium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 0.1 m are obtained by heat treatment and further mechanical pulverization.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-210382 discloses that zinc oxide particles contain a small amount of silicon or aluminum oxide or hydroxide inside. I have. As a result, zinc oxide particles having a good dispersibility of 0.33 ⁇ m or less are obtained.
- Examples of applications of the transparent conductive particles and the ultraviolet-shielding / high-refractive-index particles as described above include an antireflection film having an excellent antistatic effect.
- this type of antireflection coating multiple films with individual functions can be stacked, but in recent years, as various devices have become thinner, a film having multiple functions in a single-layer structure is desired. It is rare.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-1675767 relates to such a single-layer structure film.
- conductive fine particles mainly composed of indium oxide or tin oxide and high refractive index particles using titanium oxide or zinc oxide are mixed and dispersed in a binder to form a high-dispersion material.
- a refractive index conductive material is obtained. In doing so, the transparency of the film and the It is said that in order to maintain the dispersibility, it is necessary to keep the particle size to 0.2 ⁇ m or less and the coating film thickness to 20 / m or less.
- tin-containing indium oxide particles and cerium oxide particles were mixed and dispersed to prepare a paint, which was applied to obtain a refractive index of 1.68 and a surface resistance of 2.5 ⁇ . to obtain a coating film of 1 0 9 ⁇ / mouth.
- the non-conductive particles enter between the conductive particles and the conductive particles due to the mixing and dispersion, thereby reducing the contact between the conductive particles.
- the electrical conductivity of the coating film tends to decrease. This is an essential feature of this type of mixed dispersion.
- the coating film surface resistivity of about 1 0 9 ⁇ port has a sufficient conductivity, i.e. having an antistatic function, and can be said, as a further feature, an electromagnetic shielding property, or It is expected to have excellent electrical conductivity that can be applied to panels and the like.
- the white conductive powder used in such a case include a white inorganic pigment coated with tin-containing indium oxide using muscovite as a nucleus (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-2531112); White inorganic pigment particles such as zinc or titanium oxide are coated on the surface with tin dioxide, and the white conductive powder is further coated with tin-containing zinc oxide (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-33882). No. 13).
- a white pigment having ultraviolet shielding properties such as titanium oxide or zinc oxide
- a conductive oxide such as tin oxide / tin oxide.
- Some of them are intended to be white in themselves, but are not used as UV shielding agents. Furthermore, it is difficult to reduce the volume resistivity to the extent necessary for use in conductive paints and the like due to the effect of the white inorganic pigment serving as the substrate. Disclosure of the invention
- particles of this type are dispersed in a solvent in which an inorganic or organic binder is dissolved, and the obtained paint is applied to various bases. Apply on the material.
- the particles need to be fine particles, and at the same time, the particles need to be uniformly dispersed in the coating film.
- the particles tend to form secondary aggregates in the paint, and it is difficult to obtain a uniform dispersion.
- the presence of such agglomerates not only reduces the conductivity of the coating film, but also reduces the transparency.
- the present invention has been developed as a novel fine particle for a coating film having both a transparent conductivity and an ultraviolet shielding property, and a coating type material capable of realizing cost reduction by reducing the amount of indium used. It is an object of the present invention to provide composite indium oxide particles having excellent dispersibility as fine particles for a transparent conductive film and a method for producing the same. Another object of the present invention is to use such composite indium oxide particles to realize a conductive sheet or the like having both excellent transparent conductivity and ultraviolet shielding properties.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, they have zinc oxide as a nucleus and coat it with tin-containing indium oxide to substantially consist of zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide.
- it is derived from the tin-containing indium oxide particles by making the composite indium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 100 nm.
- Particles having an average particle size of less than 5 nm are not only difficult to disperse when preparing a coating using the same, but are also difficult to manufacture. If the average particle size exceeds 100 nm, visible light On the other hand, it is difficult to ensure transparency.
- zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide are in the form of zinc oxide-tin tin'-containing indium oxide composite particles while maintaining their respective crystal structures, It is preferable that the volume resistivity of the green compact under a pressure of 14.7 MPa (150 kgf / cm 2 ) is 10 ⁇ 3 to 10 ⁇ cm.
- the present inventors use the specific means uniquely found to obtain the tin-containing acid
- the present inventors have developed a novel manufacturing method completely different from the conventional manufacturing method to obtain zinc oxide and tin-containing zinc oxide having an average particle diameter in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm as described above. It has succeeded in obtaining composite indium oxide particles, which are composite particles.
- a zinc compound (or a zinc-containing compound which is elementally substituted with aluminum, gallium, or the like) is added to an aqueous alkaline solution in which a tin salt is dissolved, and further, a tin-containing indium oxide phase is added.
- the suspension is diluted with water.
- Heat treatment in the temperature range of 110 to 300 ° C in the presence, filtration, drying, and then in air at 300 to 100 ° C; heat treatment in the temperature range of 100 ° C, then reducing atmosphere Medium 150 to 400 ° C temperature reduction By performing the treatment, the composite particles of the above-mentioned zinc oxide and tin-containing silicon oxide particles are produced.
- the composite zinc oxide particles obtained by the method of the present invention have a great feature that they have both transparency, conductivity and ultraviolet shielding properties. This is because by coating the zinc oxide with the tin-containing indium oxide, the electrons flow through the tin-containing indium oxide formed on the particle surface, so that the excellent conductivity of the tin-containing indium oxide is exhibited. In addition, it is considered that because the light passes through the whole particles, the excellent ultraviolet shielding property of zinc oxide is exhibited. As a result, a single type of particle can simultaneously achieve transparency, conductivity, and ultraviolet shielding.
- the particles of the present invention can be manufactured at low cost because the amount of indium used is small. It also has the advantage of being able to.
- tin-containing zinc oxide particles which are conventional transparent conductive materials, were one of the factors that hindered widespread use due to their high cost.
- the conductivity is kept equal to or higher and the amount of indium used is reduced by 20 to 80%, so that cost reduction is realized.
- the zinc oxide and the tin-containing indium oxide are combined (more preferably, the zinc oxide is covered with the tin-containing indium oxide), and thereby the transparent conductivity of the tin-containing indium oxide is improved. Further, it is possible to realize fine particles having both the ultraviolet shielding property and the transparency of zinc oxide. In this case, by further replacing the metal element of zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide with an element such as aluminum or gallium, transparency and ultraviolet shielding properties can be maintained, and higher conductivity can be obtained. This can only be realized by using the particles of the present invention, which cannot be obtained with conventional particles obtained by mixing transparent conductive particles and ultraviolet shielding particles.
- the composite zinc oxide particles obtained by the present invention are most suitable as conductive particles for a transparent conductive coating film having an ultraviolet shielding effect, and their industrial utility value is extremely large.
- the zinc oxide and the tin-containing indium oxide are composited (more preferably, the zinc oxide and the tin-containing zinc oxide are coated with the tin-containing oxidized zinc oxide). Composited).
- the composite zinc oxide particles of the present invention also have excellent ultraviolet shielding properties, which is a characteristic of zinc oxide, while maintaining excellent conductivity. Therefore, the paint of the present invention using the particles, the coating film of the present invention formed using the particles, and the conductive film of the present invention formed on the surface of a sheet-shaped transparent base material.
- the conductive sheet has excellent transparency, conductivity, and ultraviolet shielding properties.
- the composite indium oxide particles having the average particle diameter of the particles in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm and coated with zinc oxide with tin-containing indium oxide can be obtained.
- Such composite oxidized indium particles are novel functional particles developed for the first time according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the oxidized zinc-tin-containing oxidized zinc composite particles having a zinc oxide concentration of 50 mol% obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph (magnification: 300,000 times) of the indium oxide composite particles containing zinc oxide tin and tin oxide having a zinc oxide concentration of 50 mol% obtained in Example 1.
- Figure 3 is a transmission electron micrograph (magnification 300,000) of zinc oxide-tin-containing indium oxide composite particles having a zinc oxide concentration of 18 mol% and an aluminum concentration of 5.2 mol% obtained in Example 6. It is.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the light transmittance spectrum of the particles of the compound of the present invention having a zinc oxide concentration of 45 mol% and an aluminum concentration of 7 mol%, which were obtained in Example 5, and containing the silicon oxide. 200 to 2500 nm).
- a zinc compound or a zinc-containing compound substituted with an element such as aluminum or gallium is added to and mixed with an aqueous solution of an aluminum salt in which a tin salt is dissolved in advance, and this zinc is added.
- An aqueous solution of an indium salt is added to the aqueous solution of a tin salt containing the compound.
- an aluminum compound, a gallium compound or the like is further mixed, and an alkaline aqueous solution is added.
- the zinc oxide conjugate coated with the tin hydrate and the zinc hydrate is hydrated at 110 to 300 ° C. by using an autoclave or the like in the presence of water. Heat treatment within the above temperature range adjusts to the desired shape and particle size.
- the zinc compound coated with the hydroxide or hydrate of tin and indium is subjected to a heat treatment in air and a hydrogen reduction treatment, so that the particle size distribution is uniform, and sintering and agglomeration are performed.
- composite indium oxide particles with a small amount.
- the process of adjusting the shape and the particle diameter and the material used are originally For the first time, we have developed composite oxidized particles with an average particle size in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm, based on the idea of separating the process from the goal of maximizing the physical properties possessed. It is.
- a coating film using the composite indium oxide particles of the present invention produced by such a process has high transparency and conductivity, and further has an ultraviolet shielding property, which cannot be obtained with a coating film using conventional conductive particles. Demonstrate excellent performance that combines.
- Indium salts such as indium chloride, indium nitrate, and indium sulfate are dissolved in water to prepare an aqueous solution containing indium ions.
- chloride is the most preferable for obtaining fine composite indium oxide particles.
- a solution is prepared by mixing a zinc compound or an element-substituted zinc salt mixture with a tin ion-containing alkali solution. That is, after melting an aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and aqueous ammonia into water, a tin salt such as tin chloride, tin nitrate, or tin sulfate is dissolved.
- a zinc compound such as zinc hydroxide or zinc oxide, or an element-substituted zinc compound such as zinc hydroxide or zinc oxide substituted with a trivalent element such as aluminum or gallium is mixed to form an alkaline solution.
- chlorides are most preferred for obtaining finely divided composite oxide particles.
- an aluminum compound such as aluminum hydroxide or hydroxide
- a gallium compound such as gallium hydroxide or gallium oxide
- the composite oxide particles a part of the tin or zinc atoms in the tin-containing zinc oxide phase is replaced by a trivalent element such as aluminum or gallium.
- the conductivity of the particles can be further improved.
- the concentration of the zinc compound to be mixed is preferably adjusted so that the zinc oxide concentration in the composite indium oxide particles is 5 to 7 Omol%, more preferably 10 to 5 Omol%,
- the tin concentration in the tin-containing zinc oxide phase is preferably 3 to 3 Omol%, more preferably 5 to 15 mol%.
- the zinc oxide phase contains aluminum, gallium, etc.
- the concentration of the contained trivalent element is preferably 3 Omol% or less in the composite indium oxide particles.
- the concentration of the trivalent element contained in the zinc oxide phase is 0 to 3 Omol%, more preferably 2 to 15 mol%, based on zinc oxide, and is contained in the tin-containing indium oxide phase.
- the trivalent element concentration is 0 to 1 Omol%, more preferably 2 to 5 mol%, based on the tin-containing indium oxide.
- the term “0 to X mol%” does not include the lower limit “0 mol%” and includes the upper limit X mol% unless otherwise specified.
- the conductivity is not affected, but the ultraviolet shielding property is reduced. If the zinc oxide concentration (1 ⁇ X) is higher than this range, the ultraviolet shielding property is not affected. However, conversely, the conductivity is significantly reduced. Further, when the total content of the trivalent element added to improve the conductivity is higher than the above range, the conductivity is conversely reduced or separated without being completely replaced, and the final product is, for example, aluminum oxide. Etc. are formed and become a mixture. On the other hand, if the tin concentration in the tin-containing indium oxide is lower than the above range, sufficient conductivity cannot be obtained, and if the tin concentration is higher than this range, the conductivity is impaired.
- the trivalent element When the trivalent element is contained, at least one of the zinc oxide inside and the tin-containing indium oxide formed on the surface can be substituted and contained, but the conductivity is further improved. Both Sani ⁇ to lay preferable be contained substituted, and as the trivalent element, may be added Okishiaru force Riamin and more preferably c wherein Al force Li solution be contained aluminum in order .
- Alkoxyalkaliamine is a pH buffer in the alkaline region and also acts as a crystal growth regulator.
- examples of the oxamine are monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, isobutanolamine, propanolamine, etc. Among them, monoethanolamine which is a crystal growth inhibitor in obtaining fine particles is preferred. Min is best.
- the aqueous zinc salt solution is dropped into the alkaline solution to form a zinc oxide conjugate (precipitate) coated with a tin hydrate or hydrate hydroxide.
- the pH of the suspension containing the precipitate is adjusted to a range of 4 to 12, and the suspension is preferably aged for 10 to 100 hours in a temperature range of 10 to 50 ° C. .
- This pH adjustment and ripening are effective in obtaining a composite indium oxide particle at a relatively low treatment temperature in the subsequent hydrothermal treatment step. If the ripening time is shorter than 10 hours, the effect of ripening is small, while if it is long, there is no particularly bad effect, but the ripening effect is saturated, so it has little meaning.
- the suspension containing the zinc compound coated with the tin or zinc hydroxide or hydrate is subjected to hydrothermal treatment using an autoclave or the like.
- hydrothermal treatment the suspension containing the precipitate is washed with water to remove products and residues other than the precipitate, and then the pH may be adjusted again with NaOH or the like. .
- the value of pH at this time is preferably 4 to 12. If the pH is lower than this, tin hydroxide is redissolved during the hydrothermal treatment, and if it is too high, the particle size distribution is widened, and tin, zinc, indium, and aluminum are compounded by redissolution. It may be a compound without it.
- the hydrothermal treatment temperature is preferably in the range of 110 ° C to 300 ° C. If the temperature is lower than this, sufficient crystal growth cannot be performed. Therefore, the equipment becomes expensive and there is no advantage.
- the hydrothermal treatment time is preferably in the range of 1 hour to 4 hours. If the hydrothermal treatment time is too short, the crystal growth of the particles will be insufficient, and if the hydrothermal time is too long, there will be no particular problem, but the production cost is high, and it is meaningless.
- the zinc compound coated with tin and indium hydroxide which is coated with hydrate, is subjected to heat treatment after filtration and drying, but before filtration, the pH is washed with water. It is preferable to adjust the neutral region around 6 to 9. This is because water-soluble Na ions or amine-containing substances are removed when oxyalkaliamine is added. If filtration, drying, and heat treatment are performed in a state where the Na ion-containing amine-containing substance remains, the conductivity of the obtained particles tends to decrease. It is preferable to keep it.
- a silica compound such as sodium silicate may be added to the above zinc oxide conjugate coated with tin or zinc hydroxide or hydrate to perform a silica treatment.
- This silica treatment is effective in retaining the composite indium oxide particles as the final product in the fine particles.
- This treatment ultimately forms a film with a sily force on the surfaces of the composite oxide particles, so that the sily force is effective in maintaining the fine particle state.
- the amount of the silicon compound to be added is preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight with respect to the indium oxide particles.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably in the range of 300 ° C. to 1000 ° C. When the temperature is lower than this temperature, tin is hardly replaced in the tin-containing indium oxide to be coated, and a structure such as tin oxide, a mixture of indium oxide and zinc oxide is formed, or a hydroxide is formed into an oxide in a state of hydroxide.
- the composite oxide oxide particles after the heat treatment are subjected to a reduction treatment in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 150 ° C. to 400 ° C., whereby a yellow-gray or bluish-white composite oxide having conductivity is obtained. As a result, an aluminum particle is obtained.
- the composite indium oxide particles thus obtained have a particle diameter in the range of 5 nm to 10 O nm, and have a particle diameter that is particularly preferable for a transparent conductive film. If the particle diameter is smaller than this, the cohesive force between the particles becomes extremely strong, and it becomes difficult to disperse the particles. On the other hand, if it is larger than this, the transparency of the coating will decrease when dispersed.
- the average particle diameter of the composite indium oxide particles is preferably 5 to 10 nm, more preferably 10 to 60 nm.
- the conductive sheet according to the present invention is obtained by adding the composite oxide particles prepared as described above to a solution containing a binder and a solvent, and mixing and dispersing these to form a conductive paint. It is produced by preparing a sheet and applying it on a sheet. Next, the production of this conductive sheet will be described.
- a resin film or sheet can be used as the substrate.
- the resin film or sheet is, for example, a saturated polyester resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyacrylate resin, an alicyclic polyolefin resin, a polystyrene resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, or the like.
- the resin can be produced by a known method such as a method of melt molding by extrusion molding, calendar molding, compression molding, or injection molding, or a method of dissolving in a solvent and casting.
- the thickness of the base material is preferably about 10 m to 5 employment.
- additives such as an antioxidant, a flame retardant, a heat resistance inhibitor, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, and an antistatic agent may be added to these base materials.
- an easy-adhesion layer may be provided on the surface of the base material, or a known surface treatment such as corona treatment or plasma treatment may be performed.
- the disperser for producing the dispersion containing the composite oxide particles and the binder is not particularly limited, and may be a three-roll mill, a ball mill, a paint shaker.
- a known disperser such as an ultrasonic disperser can be used.
- the weight ratio of the composite indium oxide particles to the binder is preferably 50 to 99%, more preferably 70 to 92% (i.e., 100 parts by weight of the binder).
- the content of the composite indium oxide particles is preferably 100 to 900 parts by weight, and more preferably 230 to 115 parts by weight. If the weight content is less than 50%, the probability of contact between the particles is reduced, and it is difficult to form a conductive path, so that the conductivity is reduced and the particles cannot occupy a sufficient physical volume in the film. As a result, the ultraviolet shielding property also decreases.
- the weight content is more than 99%, the binding property between the binder and the particles will be reduced, causing powder dropping, cracking of the film, and reduced adhesion between the coating film and the substrate. As a result, the conductivity of the coating film decreases.
- other conductive substances for example, metals such as Au and Ag, metal colloids, carbon nanotubes, etc.
- the weight content of the conductive substance is preferably in the above range.
- any binder can be used, whether aqueous or non-aqueous, as long as it does not hinder dispersion.
- acrylic resin, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, polyester, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polybutyral, and the like, and resins obtained by copolymerizing these resins can be used.
- a binder having a functional group a polythiophene derivative (PEDOT), N, N-di (naphthalene-111) -N, N-diphenyl-pentidene derivative (NPB)
- PEDOT polythiophene derivative
- NPB N-diphenyl-pentidene derivative
- MEH-PPV a conductive polymer material
- a known dispersant, surfactant, leveling agent and the like may be added to such an extent that the optical properties and conductivity are not affected.
- Examples of the solvent used for the conductive paint include ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, isophorone, and tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethanol, and the like.
- ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, isophorone, and tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethanol, and the like.
- a transparent conductive coating film having ultraviolet shielding properties is provided on the surface.
- a conductive sheet (a transparent conductive sheet when a transparent substrate is used) is obtained.
- a coating method there are known coating methods (roll coating, die coating, air knife coating, blade coating, spin coating, reverse coating, gravure coating, microgravure coating) and printing methods (gravure printing, screen printing, Offset printing, inkjet printing) and the like can be used.
- the dry film thickness of the coating film is preferably from 50 nm to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably from 500 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
- the dry film thickness is less than 5 Onm, sufficient conductivity and ultraviolet shielding properties will not be obtained, and if it exceeds 15 m, the visible light transmittance of the coating film will deteriorate and the transparency will decrease, and the coating film will crack. It is not preferable because it may occur.
- the calendering conditions are as follows: treatment speed: lm / min to 30 m / min; heat treatment temperature: Tg ⁇ 50 ° C with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin (the resin used as the binder).
- the pressurizing conditions are in the range of 9.8 ⁇ 10 4 to 9.8 ⁇ 10 6 Pa (1-100 kg / cm 2 ).
- the resulting hydrothermally treated product is filtered and washed to pH 7.8, dried in air at 90 ° C, crushed lightly in a mortar, and heated in air at 600 ° C for 2 hours. After the treatment, a reduction treatment was performed in a hydrogen atmosphere at 250 ° C. to obtain composite indium oxide particles which are composite particles of zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide.
- the composition of the particles is represented by (ZnO) 0.5 (ITO) 0.5 from the charged amount.
- the contents of zinc and tin in the particles examined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 50 mol% and 5 mol%, respectively, and the tin concentration in T 2 O was 1 Omol%.
- FIG. 1 shows an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the composite indium oxide particles
- FIG. 2 shows a transmission electron micrograph of the particles taken at a magnification of 300,000.
- the X-ray diffraction spectrum is composed of two phases, indium oxide and zinc oxide, while the particle shape by transmission electron microscopy is uniform, indicating that tin-containing zinc oxide was used. Can be seen to be coated with zinc oxide.
- This coating solution is applied to a transparent sheet-like substrate made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using a barco all-over-one so that the thickness after drying is 3 m, and then dried. Then, a conductive sheet having an ultraviolet shielding conductive coating on the surface was prepared.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the aluminum-substituted zinc oxide substituted with l Omol% of aluminum with respect to the zinc was used without mixing the zinc oxide with the aqueous solution. Except for mixing and preparing the aqueous alkali solution, a precipitate containing aluminum-substituted zinc oxide coated with tin hydride or hydrate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, After washing with water, filtration, and drying, heat treatment and reduction treatment were performed to produce composite indium oxide particles.
- the contents of zinc, aluminum and tin in the particles examined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 45 mol%, 5 mol% and 5 mol%, respectively, and the tin concentration in ITO was 1 Omol%.
- Example 2 When the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the composite indium oxide particles was measured, it was found that the composite indium oxide particles had two phases of tin-containing oxide and aluminum-substituted zinc oxide. Further, when observed by transmission electron microscopy, as in Example 1, the particles were uniform particles having a particle size of 20 to 3 O nm. Thus, as in Example 1, the tin-containing oxide was made of aluminum. It was found that the substrate was coated with the substituted zinc oxide. Next, a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m after drying on the surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the composite particles.
- a precipitate containing aluminum-substituted zinc oxide coated with hydroxide or hydrate of tin and indium is generated, washed with water, filtered, dried, and then subjected to a heat treatment and a reduction treatment to form composite indium oxide particles.
- the composition of the particles is expressed from the charged amount ⁇ (Z n 0 .9 A l oi) 0 ⁇ 0.2 (ITO) 0.8.
- the contents of zinc, aluminum and tin in the particles examined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 18 mol%, 2 mol% and 8 mol%, respectively, and the tin concentration in IT ⁇ was 1 Omol%. .
- Example 1 When the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the composite indium oxide particles was measured, it was found that the composite indium oxide particles had two phases of tin-containing indium oxide and aluminum-substituted zinc oxide. Further, when observed by transmission electron microscopy, as in Example 1, the particles were uniform particles having a particle size of 20 to 3 O nm. Therefore, as in Example 1, the tin-containing zinc oxide was replaced with aluminum. It was found to be coated with zinc oxide. Next, using this composite indium oxide particle, a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a thickness of 3 m after drying on the surface was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.32 g of hydroxyl hydroxide was mixed and an aqueous solution of aluminum hydroxide was prepared, a hydroxide or hydrate comprising tin, indium and aluminum was prepared. After preparing a precipitate of zinc oxide coated on the material, aging and hydrothermal treatment were performed, followed by filtration, washing, drying, heat treatment, and reduction treatment, thereby producing composite indium oxide particles. The composition of the particles is expressed from the charged amount (Z n O) 0.5 ⁇ ( ITO) 0. 96 A l o.oJ 0.5. The contents of zinc, aluminum and tin in the particles determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 5 Omol%, 2 mol% and 4.8 mol%, respectively, and the tin concentration in ITO was 1 Omol%. Was.
- Example 2 A transmission electron microscope observation was performed on the composite oxidized particles. After all, it was a uniform particle having a particle diameter of 20 to 3 O nm. Further, when the X-ray diffraction spectrum was measured, the same spectrum as in Example 1 was obtained. Since the peak relating to aluminum was not independently observed, the tin-containing indium oxide particles were converted to aluminum. It was found that zinc oxide was coated with an aluminum-substituted tin-containing indium oxide.
- a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a thickness of 3 m after drying on the surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the composite indium oxide particles.
- the zinc oxide was not mixed with the aqueous aluminum oxide solution, but aluminum-substituted zinc oxide substituted with 1 mol% of aluminum was mixed.
- g of hydroxide consisting of tin, indium and aluminum was coated with a hydrate in the same manner as in Example 1 except that g of sodium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide were mixed to prepare an alkali aqueous solution.
- aging and hydrothermal treatment were performed, followed by filtration, washing, drying, heat treatment, and reduction treatment, to produce composite indium oxide particles.
- a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a thickness of 3 m after drying on the surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by using the composite oxide particles.
- Example 6 In the method for synthesizing the complexed oxide particles of Example 1, 24.7 g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved in 800 ml of water, and 4.8 g of tin chloride (IV) was added to the alkaline solution. ) The pentahydrate was dissolved to prepare an aqueous solution. Instead of mixing 13 g of zinc oxide powder with this aqueous solution, 5 g of aluminum-substituted zinc oxide substituted with 1 Oinol% of aluminum with respect to zinc was further mixed with 0.5 g. lg of aluminum hydroxide oxide powder was mixed.
- indium (III) chloride tetrahydrate was dissolved in 400 ml of water to prepare an aqueous solution of indium chloride.
- a precipitate containing aluminum-substituted zinc oxide coated with a hydroxide or hydrate of tin and indium is formed, washed with water, filtered, dried, and then subjected to a heat treatment and a reduction treatment to form a composite oxide.
- Indium particles were produced. The composition of the particles, the charged amount ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ . ⁇ 9 A l oi) 0 ⁇ 0. 2 ⁇ (ITO). g6 A l 0.04 ⁇ 0.8.
- the contents of zinc, aluminum and tin in the particles examined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 18 mol% and 5.2 mol%, respectively, and the tin content was 7.7 mol%.
- the tin concentration in ITO was 1 Omol%.
- the composite indium particles had two phases of aluminum-substituted tin-containing indium oxide and aluminum-substituted zinc oxide. Further, when observed by transmission electron microscopy, as in Example 1, the particles were uniform particles having a particle size of 20 to 3 O nm, so that aluminum coated with aluminum-substituted tin-containing indium oxide was used. It was found that substituted zinc oxide particles were obtained.
- Fig. 3 shows a transmission electron micrograph of the composite indium oxide particles.
- a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m after drying on the surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- an indium chloride solution was dropped into an aqueous solution containing tin ions and zinc oxide, and coated with a hydroxide or hydrate of tin and zinc.
- a zinc oxide precipitate was produced and aged at 90 ° C. for about 20 hours instead of being aged at room temperature for about 20 hours.
- an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added to the suspension of this precipitate, and instead of adjusting 11 to 10.0, it was adjusted to 13.0, and charged in an autoclave, and water was added at 180 ° C for 4 hours.
- Example 1 Except for the heat treatment, a precipitate containing aluminum-substituted zinc oxide coated with a hydroxide or hydrate of tin and indium was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, and washed with water, filtered, and dried. Then, heat treatment and reduction treatment were performed to produce composite indium oxide particles.
- the composition of the particles and the contents of zinc, aluminum and tin in the particles investigated by X-ray fluorescence analysis were the same as in Example 1. When the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the composite indium oxide particles was measured, it was found that, as in Example 1, the composite indium oxide particles had two phases of tin-containing indium oxide and aluminum-substituted indium oxide. . In addition, transmission electron microscopy revealed that the particles were uniform with a particle size of 50 to 60 nm, indicating that the tin-containing zinc oxide covered the aluminum-substituted zinc oxide. .
- a conductive sheet having a conductive coating having a thickness of 3 / m after drying on the surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the composite indium oxide particles.
- the aluminum oxide aqueous solution was mixed with zinc oxide substituted with 1 Omol% of aluminum without mixing zinc oxide, and 0.32 g of water was further added.
- Aluminum oxide was mixed to prepare an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the hydroxide containing tin, indium and aluminum was a hydroxide of aluminum-substituted zinc oxide coated with hydrate. After preparing the precipitate, adjust the pH of the suspension to 5.0, ripen it at room temperature for 20 hours, perform hydrothermal treatment under the condition of pH 5.0, and perform filtration, washing, drying, heating, and reduction. Thus, composite indium oxide particles were prepared.
- the composition of the particles is ⁇ (Zn 0 .g Al 0. !) ⁇ From the charged amount. ⁇ 5 ⁇ (I TO). . 96 A1 0. M ⁇ 0 . Represented by 5.
- the contents of zinc, aluminum and tin in the particles determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 45 mol% s 7 mol% and 4.8 mol%, respectively, and the tin concentration in ITO was 1 Omol%. .
- the aluminum coated with the hydroxide or hydrate of tin and aluminum was used while maintaining the temperature of the alkaline solution at 60 ° C. After forming a precipitate containing substituted zinc oxide, the suspension was adjusted to pH 5.0, aged at room temperature, and washed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that it was subjected to hydrothermal treatment. After filtration and drying, heat treatment and reduction treatment were performed to produce composite indium oxide particles.
- the contents of zinc, aluminum, and tin in the particles examined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 18 mol% and 5.2 mol%, respectively, and the tin content was 7.7 mol%, The tin concentration was 1 Omol%.
- the composite indium particles had two phases of aluminum-substituted tin-containing indium oxide and aluminum-substituted zinc oxide. Further, when observed by transmission electron microscopy, the particles were found to be uniform with a particle diameter of 40 to 6 O nm. Therefore, aluminum-substituted acid coated with aluminum-substituted tin-containing indium oxide was used. It was found that dani zinc particles were obtained.
- Example 1 In the method for synthesizing the complexed oxide particles of Example 1, the indium solution was added dropwise to an alkali solution in which tin chloride was previously dissolved to ripen the hydrate or hydroxide containing tin and indium. After that, a hydrothermal treatment was performed and the same as in Example 1, After filtration, washing, and drying, heat treatment and reduction treatment were performed to produce tin-containing indium oxide particles.
- the tin-containing indium oxide particles were found to be tin-containing oxide oxides by X-ray diffraction.When observed by transmission electron microscopy, the tin-containing indium oxide particles had a particle diameter of 40 to 70 nm. The particles were square plate-shaped particles. The tin content determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis was 1 Omol%.
- Example 2 the zinc oxide particles obtained above and the tin-containing indium oxide particles obtained in Comparative Example 1 were mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a mixture of zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide. A mixed powder was prepared. The amounts of the constituent elements measured by the X-ray fluorescence analysis were the same as the results of Example 1.
- Example 2 Next, using a mixed powder of the zinc oxide particles and the tin-containing indium oxide particles, a conductive film having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m after drying on the surface was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. A sheet was made.
- Example 1 In the method for synthesizing the complexed oxide particles of Example 1, the procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that the alkaline aqueous solution was prepared without dissolving the salt in the alkaline aqueous solution. After preparing a precipitate of zinc oxide coated with hydroxide or hydrate composed of zinc, aging and hydrothermal treatment are performed, followed by filtration, washing, drying, heat treatment, and reduction treatment to obtain a composite indium oxide. Particles were prepared. The composition of the particles, the charged amount (Z n O) 0.5 (I n 0 3/2) 0. Believed to be represented by 5. Further, the content of zinc in the particles examined by the X-ray fluorescence analysis was 50 mol%.
- the transmission electron microscopic observation of the composite indium oxide particles revealed that the particles were uniform with a particle size of 20 to 30 nm. Furthermore, when the X-ray diffraction spectrum was measured, it was composed of two phases of zinc oxide and indium oxide. Next, using the composite indium oxide particles, a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a dried thickness of 3 ⁇ m on the surface was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 In the method for synthesizing complex oxide particles of Example 1, instead of zinc oxide, aluminum-substituted zinc oxide substituted with 40 mol% of aluminum was mixed, and 3.2 g of aluminum hydroxide oxide was further added. A precipitate containing an aluminum-substituted zinc oxide coated with a hydroxide or hydrate of tin and indium was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aqueous solution was mixed to prepare an aqueous solution. After washing with water, filtration and drying, heat treatment and reduction treatment were performed to produce particles. The composition of the particles, the charged amount ⁇ (Z n 0. 6 A l o.4) 0 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ (ITO). . Represented by 6 A l o.4 ⁇ D. 5. The contents of zinc, aluminum, and tin in the particles examined by X-ray fluorescence analysis were 3 Omol%, 4 Omol%, and 3 mol%, respectively, and the tin content in ITO was 1 Omol%. Met.
- a conductive sheet having a conductive film having a dried thickness of 3 ⁇ m on the surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Table 1 summarizes the configurations of the particles obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
- A1-IT0 Aluminum oxide containing tin oxide.
- the volume resistivity of the particles obtained in each of the examples and comparative examples was examined.
- the volume resistivity was determined by a four-terminal method using a mouthless PA system (MCP-PD41) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation. It was measured.
- the measurement conditions were as follows: powder density 2.7 gZcm 3 -container inner diameter 2 cm ⁇ distance between terminals 3 feet.
- the surface resistivity (based on JIS K7194-1994) of the conductive coating film on the conductive sheet obtained in each of the examples and comparative examples was examined.
- the surface resistivity was measured by a four terminal method using a mouthless AP system (MCP-PD41) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
- MCP-PD41 mouthless AP system
- FIG. 4 shows the light transmittance spectrum.
- Table 2 summarizes the above measurement results. Table 2 shows that the smaller the value of the volume resistivity is, the higher the conductivity is, which indicates that the conductive film is excellent. Also, the smaller the value of the UV transmittance (described as “350 nm transmittance” in Table 2), the more excellent the UV shielding property. Therefore, those having small values of both volume resistivity and ultraviolet transmittance have excellent characteristics.
- the composite indium oxide particles obtained in each of the examples include the tin-containing indium oxide particles obtained in Comparative Example 2 and particles obtained by simply mixing zinc oxide and the tin-containing oxide particles obtained in Comparative Example 3.
- the conductivity was not improved. Indicates a dramatically higher value. This is because, in Comparative Example 2, since the indium oxide and the zinc oxide were present independently without being compounded, the zinc oxide as the insulator hindered the electric conduction in the powder. However, it is considered that the conductivity was lower than in the case of the composite oxide particles in each example.
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US10/551,188 US7449235B2 (en) | 2003-04-01 | 2004-03-31 | Composite indium oxide particle which contains tin (Sn) and zinc (Zn), method for producing same, conductive coating material, conductive coating film, and conductive sheet |
JP2005505224A JPWO2004089829A1 (ja) | 2003-04-01 | 2004-03-31 | 複合化酸化インジウム粒子およびその製造方法ならびに導電性塗料、導電性塗膜および導電性シート |
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- 2004-03-31 GB GB0520075A patent/GB2415191B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-31 US US10/551,188 patent/US7449235B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-31 WO PCT/JP2004/004655 patent/WO2004089829A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP1746126A1 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-01-24 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation | UV blocking material, UV blocking visible selectively transmitting filter, visible selectively transmitted resin material, light source and lighting fixture |
JP2009114013A (ja) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-28 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化インジウムを主成分とする粉末およびその製造方法 |
JP2011251911A (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2011-12-15 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化インジウムを主成分とする粉末 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2004089829A1 (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
US20060266980A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
GB0520075D0 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
US7449235B2 (en) | 2008-11-11 |
GB2415191B (en) | 2007-08-08 |
GB2415191A (en) | 2005-12-21 |
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