US20070166436A1 - Food packaging - Google Patents
Food packaging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070166436A1 US20070166436A1 US10/558,139 US55813904A US2007166436A1 US 20070166436 A1 US20070166436 A1 US 20070166436A1 US 55813904 A US55813904 A US 55813904A US 2007166436 A1 US2007166436 A1 US 2007166436A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sealing
- film
- lldpe
- packaging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001526 metallocene linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006228 ethylene acrylate copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920011250 Polypropylene Block Copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006653 Ziegler-Natta catalysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 94
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- IQVNEKKDSLOHHK-FNCQTZNRSA-N (E,E)-hydramethylnon Chemical compound N1CC(C)(C)CNC1=NN=C(/C=C/C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C(F)(F)F)\C=C\C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 IQVNEKKDSLOHHK-FNCQTZNRSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 6
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 229920003314 Elvaloy® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011297 Brassica napobrassica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000276438 Gadus morhua Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001125831 Istiophoridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001417534 Lutjanidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276495 Melanogrammus aeglefinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269907 Pleuronectes platessa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000157468 Reinhardtius hippoglossoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000612182 Rexea solandri Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000235659 Rubus idaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251778 Squalus acanthias Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269959 Xiphias gladius Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010096 film blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012028 green salad Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005638 polyethylene monopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021013 raspberries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021335 sword fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
- B32B2323/043—HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/70—Food packaging
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new polyolefin film for packaging food, in particular to a single or multilayer film comprising polyethylene and polypropylene components, especially a multilayer film comprising polyethylene and polypropylene layers capable of packaging fresh foods such as vegetables, fruit, meat and seafood.
- the packaging of fresh food products is a special challenge for the food packager.
- Many fresh foods are moist (or can become wet under pressure) and may also contain other natural liquids such as oils and sugary fluids.
- Fresh animal products will also contain blood and fats and fish will usually be wet and hence covered with sea or freshwater, blood, fish oils, ice etc.
- the presence of all these liquid contaminants makes fresh produce more problematic to package than dry food materials such as pasta or rice.
- the packaging process and materials for use therein must therefore be designed to ensure not only that the food retains its quality but also that none of the substances mentioned above can leak from the packaging or prevent successful packaging, e.g. prevent sealing being achieved. It is also essential that the polymer is not degraded or dissolved at all by the liquids present in the product being packaged (i.e. there is no migration from the polymer film to the fresh produce).
- packaging material for fresh produce should be capable of being boiled or microwaved.
- a variety of different packaging alternatives are currently used for the packaging of fresh produce.
- fish to be frozen is packaged in plastic or corrugated board containers, e.g. expanded polystyrene containers, or on a coated cardboard or plastic support.
- the support or container is most often supplied with a thin polyolefin film liner and the entire assembly then frozen rapidly to ⁇ 40° C.
- Lettuce is often packaged in non-sealed plastic wrappers thus limiting its shelf life.
- a film comprising a polyethylene layer and a polyester (PET), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or polyamide (PA) layer.
- PET polyester
- EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol
- PA polyamide
- Such films can be made by lamination and exhibit good thermal resistance and also act as barrier films. Barrier films prevent the diffusion of liquids or gases (such as water vapour, oxygen or carbon dioxide) from or into the product. Water vapour has low permeability through both polyethylene while gasses such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen penetrate polyethylene readily.
- PET, EVOH and PA films have low permeability to these gasses but both polyamide and EVOH are hygroscopic. It is typical therefore that films used for packaging of fresh food products will be packed in a multilayer film comprising PE+PA or EVOH in order to minimise ingress of gasses, in particular oxygen. Meat and vegetables such as potatoes and salads are packed in these films today.
- the inventors have surprisingly found a particular polyolefin film suitable for the packaging of fresh produce, e.g. fruit, vegetables, dairy products, seafood and meat which is capable of replacing entirely currently employed packaging materials.
- the film is capable of replacing either film lined containers or PA/PET/EVOH films giving rise to a flexible sealed pack which is easy to transport and store.
- the film of the invention is suitable for freezing, microwaving and boiling.
- the film of the invention is preferably a multilayer film comprising polyethylene and polypropylene layers.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,460,631 describes a sealable biaxially stretched film having high scratch resistance formed from, for example, an isotactic polypropylene and a polyethylene homo or copolymer with propylene. Such a film is useful for packaging dry foodstuffs such as pasta and rice.
- the films of the invention been proposed for use in the packaging of fresh produce, in particular produce which contains moisture or other contaminating liquids, e.g. products such as vegetables, meat or seafood.
- the invention provides the use of a polyolefin film, e.g. a multilayer film, comprising a polypropylene polymer and a polyethylene polymer, for the packaging of fresh produce, e.g. meat or seafood.
- a polyolefin film e.g. a multilayer film, comprising a polypropylene polymer and a polyethylene polymer, for the packaging of fresh produce, e.g. meat or seafood.
- the invention provides the use of a polyolefin multilayer film, e.g. bilayer or trilayer film, having at least a first layer and a sealing layer, said first layer comprising a polypropylene polymer, preferably a copolymer with a C 2-10 -alpha olef in and said sealing layer comprising a polyethylene polymer, for the packaging of fresh produce, e.g. meat or seafood.
- a polyolefin multilayer film e.g. bilayer or trilayer film, having at least a first layer and a sealing layer, said first layer comprising a polypropylene polymer, preferably a copolymer with a C 2-10 -alpha olef in and said sealing layer comprising a polyethylene polymer, for the packaging of fresh produce, e.g. meat or seafood.
- fresh produce is intended to cover essentially solid fresh foods that have relatively high levels of liquid content, e.g. water content, blood content or oil/fat content and are wet to the touch or will yield liquid under small amounts of pressure or when cut or pierced.
- fresh produce covers fruit and vegetables as well as meat, seafood and certain dairy products, e.g. cheese.
- Fruit and vegetables may be moist to the touch, e.g. raspberries, or yield moisture when squashed.
- Cheese may yield oils and fats when pressurised.
- Meat and seafood are inherently wet to the touch due to blood, fat and water content.
- Preferred vegetables for packaging with the films of the invention are potatoes, lettuce (including green salads in general), carrots, swede etc.
- the vegetable is one which is boiled prior to eating and the packaging forms a boil-in-bag product. If necessary, the vegetable may be peeled prior to packaging and precooked.
- meat used herein refers-to chicken, duck, pork, beef, rabbit, lamb/mutton, venison etc and other edible animals.
- sacfood as used herein covers all edible marine produce such as fish, shellfish (prawns, crayfish, shrimp etc), crab, lobster, squid, scallops etc.
- the films of the invention are used to package seafood.
- the invention concerns the packaging of sea or freshwater fish such as cod, haddock, whiting, salmon, trout, plaice, turbot, bass, tuna, swordfish, mackerel, hake, eel, snapper, skate, herring, catfish, dogfish, marlin, etc.
- the films may also be used to package fish cakes or other prepared seafood products.
- fresh produce is not intended to cover foods which are dry to the touch or have, in general low moisture contents, such as pasta, rice and bread. Such foods will not emit liquids under small amounts of pressure, e.g. those which the product may be exposed to in a shopping basket or during a conventional packaging operation.
- the fresh produce should preferably be regarded as solid, i.e. the films of the invention are not intended for use with liquid produce such as cream. Moreover, the fresh produce should preferably not melt readily, i.e. the films are not intended for the packaging of butter or chocolate.
- the film of the invention may comprise a single layer film formed from a simple blend of polyethylene and polypropylene polymers.
- polyethylene and polypropylene polymers for use in a single layer film are those preferred for use in each layer of the multilayer film, e.g. a polypropylene copolymer as described below or an LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene) etc.
- a multilayer film is used to pack the fresh produce which may comprise at least a first layer and a sealing layer.
- the sealing layer must be present on an outer surface of the multilayer film so that it can be subjected to heat to form a seal around the product being packaged.
- the films of the invention exhibit particularly beneficial sealing properties since any aqueous contaminants present where the seal is being formed can be evaporated as the sealing process is carried out. When a product such as a fish is transferred onto the film prior to sealing it is inevitable that the sealing area will become contaminated with water, blood, oils etc from the fish which could detrimentally affect the sealing procedure. Since the films of the invention can be sealed at relatively high temperatures, e.g. greater than 130° C., water and the like is evaporated during the sealing process giving rise to a much more effective seal.
- the sealing layer comprises a polyethylene polymer.
- polyethylene polymer is meant a polymer in which at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, especially at least 90% by weight of the polymer is made up from ethylene monomer units.
- the polyethylene polymer may be a homopolymer, i.e. where substantially all, e.g. at least 99.5% wt of the monomer units are derived from ethylene e.g. a low density polyethylene (LDPE).
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- Suitable LDPE's have the following properties: Density: 910-930 kg/m 3 (ISO 1183) MFR 2 : 0.1 to 10 g/10 min (ISO 1133) Melting Temperature: 100 to 130° C. (ISO 11357/03)
- the sealing layer comprises a polyethylene copolymer or terpolymer with a C 3-10 -alpha-olefin.
- Suitable comonomers are propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene and 1-octene of which butene, hexene and octene are preferred.
- the copolymer is an LLDPE.
- Suitable LLDPE's can be produced using Ziegler-Natta or metallocene catalysis with MWD (Mw/Mn) between 2-20 and MFR 2 of 0.1 to 10 g/10 min.
- LLDPE polymers which have a bimodal molecular weight distribution are ideally suited when packaging operations involve deep drawing and low temperatures.
- the amount of comonomer present in the polyethylene copolymer may vary from 0.1% to 15% by weight, preferably 5% to 10% by weight.
- LLDPE's of use in the sealing layer are preferably manufactured employing normal Ziegler-Natta catalysts or single site catalysts as is known in the art and have the following properties: Density: 910-930 kg/m 3 (ISO 1183) MFR 2 : 0.1 to 10 g/10 min (ISO 1133) Melting Temperature: 100 to 130° C. (ISO 11357/03)
- LDPE or LLDPE Various commercially available polymers may be used as the LDPE or LLDPE in the sealing layer of the invention.
- Potential polymers include Borstar FB2230, FB2310, FA5224, FG5190 (Borealis), ELITE 5400G (Dow) and Dowlex 2045E (Dow).
- the sealing layer may be a mixture of polyethylene polymers, e.g. a mixture of two polymers or three polymers.
- the sealing layer could be formed from a mixture of LDPE's, LLDPE's or from the combination of an LLDPE and an LDPE.
- a particularly suitable sealing layer is formed from a mixture of LLDPE polymers as described previously above, e.g. Borstar FB2230 and Elite 5400G. It is preferred if one LLDPE is a single site catalyst produced LLDPE (mLLDPE) due to its high seal strength and hot tack properties.
- mLLDPE single site catalyst produced LLDPE
- a second LLDPE may be a Ziegler Natta LLDPE which may help to minimise the cost of the film.
- Preferred mLLDPE's have 1-hexene or 1-octene as a comonomer whereas preferred Ziegler-Natta LLDPE's employ butene or hexene as a comonomer.
- each may form up to 99 wt % of the sealing layer.
- each LLDPE should form up to 80 wt % of the sealing layer.
- the ratio of Ziegler LLDPE to MLLDPE may therefore be from 2:1 to 5:1, e.g. the Ziegler-Natta LLDPE will form at least 75 wt % of the sealing layer.
- An alternative and still yet further preferred embodiment involves a two or three polymer sealing layer comprising one or two polyethylene polymers and a polyethylene copolymer with a polar comonomer (from hereon a polar copolymer) such as an acetate or an acrylate.
- a polar comonomer from hereon a polar copolymer
- Preferred are acrylate comonomers of which butyl acrylate and especially methyl acrylate are especially favoured.
- the polar copolymer aids adhesion between the various layers of the multilayer film.
- the polar copolymer should preferably comprise between 1% to 40% by weight comonomer, e.g. 5 to 35%, more preferably 10 to 25% by weight.
- the polar copolymer should form between 5 to 25% by weight of the sealing layer, preferably 10 to 20% by weight.
- the LLDPE polymer or polymers should therefore form 75 to 95% by weight of the sealing layer in this embodiment, e.g. 80 to 90%.
- the sealing layer may consist essentially of LLDPE and the polar copolymer (i.e. only additionally includes standard additives/preservatives etc).
- the first layer should comprise a polypropylene polymer, preferably a polypropylene copolymer with a C 2-10 -alpha-olefin comonomer such as ethylene, butene or hexene, especially ethylene.
- polypropylene polymer is meant a polymer in which at least 70%, preferably at least 80% by weight of the polymer comprises propylene monomer units.
- the polypropylene polymer may be a homopolymer, i.e. where substantially all, e.g. at least 99.5% wt of the monomer units are derived from propylene however copolymers of propylene are preferred due to their superior toughness at low temperatures.
- the amount of comonomer present may vary, however suitable ranges are from 1% to 30%, preferably 5 to 10% by weight.
- Preferred polypropylene polymers for use in the first layer are heterophasic block copolymers or random copolymers.
- Heterophasic block copolymers will give the best low temperature toughness and hence be best suited for frozen packs.
- Random copolymers give the film improved transparency.
- Suitable polymers have the properties below and can be made using Ziegler-Natta or single site catalysis often in a two stage polymerisation using conventional techniques: Density: 890-920 kg/m 3 (ISO 1183) MFR 2 : 0.05 to 2 g/10 min (ISO 1133) Melting Temperature: 140 to 180° C. (ISO 3146)
- copolymers include BHC5012 (Borealis), BA110CF, RB707CF and RB501BF (Borealis).
- the first layer may also comprise a mixture of polymers as long as one is a polypropylene polymer.
- Preferred additional polymers include LDPE or LLDPE polymers such as those described above in connection with the sealing layer. Preferred in this regard are mLLDPE's.
- the polypropylene copolymer forms 75 to 95% by weight of the first layer.
- the LLDPE or LDPE polymer may form between 5 to 25%, e.g. 8 to 18% by weight of the first layer.
- the polymer film used for the packing of fresh produce in this invention should comprise a sealing layer and a first layer (i.e. at least a bilayer film), the film may also comprise further layers.
- a preferred film comprises three layers, a sealing layer, first layer and further sealing layer, e.g. arranged such that the sealing layers sandwich the first layer.
- a second sealing layer may be different from or identical to the first sealing layer and have a structure as described above in connection with the main sealing layer. Conveniently however, both sealing layers will be identical.
- a three layer film in which the first layer is sandwiched between two sealing layers is believed to curl less than a two layer film having only a first and sealing layer.
- At least one sealing layer must always be outmost to allow sealing to be effected.
- the combination of the sealing layer and first layer of the invention gives rise to a film which exhibits high temperature heat resistance and hence integrity during heat sealing as well as an advantageous sealing temperature, i.e. sufficient to allow evaporation of water etc from the sealing areas of the film and an advantageous heat sealing range. Hence, due to the integrity of the film at higher temperatures, it is possible to heat seal the film safely at higher temperature.
- the films of the invention should preferably have a heat sealing range of at least 25° C., especially at least 30° C., most preferably at least 40° C. (measured as described in the examples).
- the films of the invention are preferably heat sealable at temperatures greater than 180° C.
- the films also exhibit high mechanical strength particularly at low temperature (e.g. ⁇ 40° C.).
- the films of the invention exhibit very high protrusion puncture probe test results (ASTM D5748) in particular over a broad temperature range.
- maximum force is preferably greater than 170N, more preferably greater than 200N.
- the films of the invention can be manufactured using conventional coextrusion and film blowing technology or via lamination. Hence the various layers can be coextruded through a suitable die as is known in the art. Alternatively, the layers could be laminated, e.g. using a polyurethane adhesive however, this is not preferred since coextrusion is a simpler technique.
- the polymers used in the multilayers films may be bought commercially from polymer suppliers or manufactured using conventional polymerisation techniques.
- polymers manufactured using single site catalysts employ procedures well known in the art.
- Published patent applications by Exxon, Hoechst, Phillips, Dow, Chisso, Mitsui, Fina, BASF, Mitsubishi, Mobil, BASF, Montell, DSM and Borealis e.g. WO96/23010, WO98/49208, WO99/12981, WO99/19335, WO97/28170, EP-A-423101, EP-A-537130 all have descriptions of the use of these catalysts.
- the polymers may be made using Ziegler-Natta catalysts e.g. in Borealis' Borstar® polymerisation technology or known high pressure radical polymerisation technologies.
- the multilayer film should be approximately 50 to 500 microns in thickness, e.g. 80 to 250 microns.
- the polypropylene layer is approximately twice as thick as the sealing layer(s).
- the films of the invention are particularly applicable for packaging lines where the product is frozen immediately after packaging.
- the invention is thus of most importance for packaging meat and fish which is frozen for both industrial and consumer consumption.
- the actual packaging process may be a form, fill and seal (FFS) process, deep draw process or tray lidding process.
- FFS and deep draw processes are preferred, especially deep draw.
- FFS involves packaging machines that use heat sealable flexible plastic packaging film to form a package, which is then filled, heat-sealed and cut off.
- a horizontal machine forms a package, fills with product and seals, and all in a sequence of operations while the film is being transported in a horizontal direction. They are widely used for packaging solid foodstuffs.
- a vertical machine forms a tube, fills and seals, all in a sequence of operations while the film is being transported vertically downwards. They are widely used for packaging foodstuffs in a liquid, powder, paste or granule state.
- the invention provides a process for packaging fresh produce comprising forming an open package using a film comprising a polypropylene polymer and a polyethylene polymer as hereinbefore defined, filling said package with said fresh produce, and heat-sealing the package.
- the film of the invention is deep drawn into a suitable container in which the fresh produce is placed. Sealing of the container may be effected by using further film of the invention and sealing as necessary. It is most surprising that the films of the invention are suitable for use in a deep draw process.
- the invention provides a process for packaging fresh produce comprising:
- a preformed tray made from conventional material, may be sealed using the film of the invention.
- a sealing layer formed entirely from MLLDPE can be employed.
- Certain films of use in the packaging of fresh produce according to the invention are themselves new and form a further aspect of the invention.
- the invention provides a multilayer film having a first layer and a sealing layer, said first layer comprising a heterophasic polypropylene copolymer with a C 2-10 -alpha olefin comonomer and said sealing layer comprising an LLDPE and an ethylene acrylate copolymer, e.g. EMA polymer.
- the invention provides a process for the manufacture of a multilayer film as hereinbefore described comprising coextruding a first layer and a sealing layer, said first layer comprising a heterophasic polypropylene copolymer with a C 2-10 -alpha olef in comonomer and said sealing layer comprising an LLDPE and an ethylene acrylate copolymer and blowing the extrudate into a film.
- the raw materials used to make the films may also contain standard additives such as antioxidants, anti-blocking agents, antic static agents, slip agents, pigments, dyes etc.
- standard additives such as antioxidants, anti-blocking agents, antic static agents, slip agents, pigments, dyes etc.
- a number of the commercially available polymer grades of use in this invention already comprise one or more of these additives.
- the films were prepared using the following equipment:
- Films 1 to 4 described in the examples below were tested on a commercially available packaging machine, Repak RE 3 model from year 2000/2001. A first film with 220 ⁇ m thickness was heated and deep drawn to form a tray, filled with fresh herring and a second film with 120 ⁇ m thickness was sealed on top making a lid.
- a coextruded film with three layers was prepared using the materials below:
- a coextruded film with three layers was prepared using the materials below:
- a coextruded film with three layers was prepared using the materials below:
- a coextruded film with two layers was prepared using the materials below:
- Example 3 The film of Example 3 was used for packaging of lettuce on a commercial packaging machine from SFK of Denmark in order to demonstrate the suitability of the film of the invention.
- a first film with 220 ⁇ m thickness was heated and deep drawn to form a 20 cm deep tray, filled with 1 piece of lettuce and a second film with 70 ⁇ m thickness was sealed (155° C.) on top making a lid.
- the seal integrity was afterwards tested by cutting a 25 mm strip of film and loaded with 100N in a conventional tensile testing equipment.
- the film could be deep drawn without thin spots or holes, the seal had no leakage and did not delaminate during tensile testing.
- the film below was used for packaging of pre-boiled potatoes in water on a commercial packaging machine, Tiromat Powerpack 620, 2001 model, in order to demonstrate the suitability of the film of the invention in the packaging operation and for reheating of the potatoes—still in the package—in boiling water as well as in a microwave oven.
- a first film with 170 ⁇ m thickness was heated and deep drawn to form a 5 cm deep tray, filled with 9 pre-boiled potatoes and a second film with 100 ⁇ m thickness was sealed (130° C.) on top making a lid while being under vacuum.
- the packs were heated and tested in the following ways:
- the pack with potatoes was put into boiling water and kept there for 10 minutes.
- the packs showed no deformation or change in its shape.
- the packs maintained the vacuum.
- the packs could not be torn open by hand.
- the potatoes were entirely warm and had a fully acceptable taste and texture.
- the pack with potatoes was heated in a conventional microwave oven at 350 watt for 10 minutes.
- the packs showed no deformation or change in its shape.
- the packs maintained the vacuum.
- the packs could not be torn open by hand.
- the potatoes were entirely warm and had a fully acceptable taste and texture.
- the film could be deep drawn without thin spots or holes, the seal had no leakage and did not delaminate during tensile testing. Heating in did not damage the packaging.
Landscapes
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0314189.2 | 2003-06-18 | ||
GBGB0314189.2A GB0314189D0 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2003-06-18 | Food packaging |
PCT/GB2004/002611 WO2004113072A1 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | Food packaging |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20070166436A1 true US20070166436A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
Family
ID=27636832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/558,139 Abandoned US20070166436A1 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | Food packaging |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070166436A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1736310A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100503235C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE324260T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004249491B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0411457A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2529295C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE602004000736T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1488924T3 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA009628B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2263113T3 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB0314189D0 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL171860A (zh) |
IS (1) | IS2332B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20042582L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ544375A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE20050025A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL1488924T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1488924E (zh) |
TW (1) | TW200514689A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004113072A1 (zh) |
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JP2013018547A (ja) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-01-31 | Japan Polypropylene Corp | 熱成形容器 |
WO2013112203A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-08-01 | Global Fresh Foods | Systems and methods for maintaining foods |
US20140255657A1 (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2014-09-11 | Borealis Ag | Film |
CN105150648A (zh) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-16 | 公主岭华美塑料制品有限公司 | 一种聚乙烯/聚丙烯/聚乙烯三层共挤上吹薄膜及其制备方法 |
WO2016200363A1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-15 | Bemis Company, Inc. | Multilayered sheet |
US20220106469A1 (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-07 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Thermoformable film |
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US7919738B2 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2011-04-05 | Pliant, Llc | Freezable/microwaveable packaging films |
US7812293B2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2010-10-12 | Pliant Corporation | Freezable/microwavable packaging films and venting packages |
ES2340868T5 (es) † | 2006-12-21 | 2014-03-24 | Borealis Technology Oy | Película |
ATE443611T1 (de) † | 2006-12-21 | 2009-10-15 | Borealis Tech Oy | Film |
ES2354383T5 (es) | 2007-08-10 | 2021-06-21 | Borealis Tech Oy | Artículo que comprende una composición de polipropileno |
EP2067799A1 (en) | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | Borealis Technology OY | Polymer |
AU2008200114B2 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2013-10-24 | Shun Shing Polyethylene Printing Co., Ltd. | A laminated packaging material and a method and apparatus for production |
KR101384607B1 (ko) * | 2008-03-31 | 2014-04-11 | 군제 가부시키가이샤 | 식품 포장용 폴리아미드계 다층 튜브 |
WO2010034456A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-04-01 | Borealis Ag | Polyolefin construction |
EP2354183B1 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2012-08-22 | Borealis AG | Moulding composition |
ES2394253T3 (es) | 2010-01-29 | 2013-01-30 | Borealis Ag | Composición de moldeo de polietileno con una relación de craqueo por tensión/rigidez y resistencia al impacto mejoradas |
CN102001207A (zh) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-04-06 | 天津精华石化有限公司 | 新型ffs重包装膜 |
US20120263924A1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-18 | Paul Thomas Weisman | Multi-Layer Films And Methods Of Forming Same |
EP2554374B1 (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2016-03-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | A multilayer film, packages comprising the multilayer film, and processes for making |
US9403347B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2016-08-02 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Peelable closure for container |
CN104760336A (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-07-08 | 台州市珠叶机械科技有限公司 | 一种包装容器 |
CN103043299B (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-05-20 | 台州市珠叶机械科技有限公司 | 一种包装容器 |
FR3007319B1 (fr) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-07-31 | Ceisa Packaging | Complexe multicouche etirable |
DE102013113120B4 (de) * | 2013-11-27 | 2023-06-29 | Loparex Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg | Folie für Etiketten und Abdeckbahnen |
CN104802485A (zh) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-29 | 金湖县恒祥塑料制品有限公司 | 绿色可回收共挤包装膜及其制备方法 |
CN106553417B (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2019-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 高强度耐穿刺自粘保护膜 |
CN111806014B (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-08-10 | 山东齐鲁乙烯化工股份有限公司 | 聚乙烯低温耐穿刺包装膜及其制备方法 |
CN111941974A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-17 | 天津盛天利材料科技有限公司 | 除乙烯二氧化碳高透性防霉抗菌保鲜膜 |
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Cited By (12)
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JP2013018547A (ja) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-01-31 | Japan Polypropylene Corp | 熱成形容器 |
US20140255657A1 (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2014-09-11 | Borealis Ag | Film |
WO2013112203A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-08-01 | Global Fresh Foods | Systems and methods for maintaining foods |
CN104203009A (zh) * | 2012-01-25 | 2014-12-10 | 环球新鲜食品公司 | 用于保存食品的***和方法 |
JP2015504687A (ja) * | 2012-01-25 | 2015-02-16 | グローバル フレッシュ フーズ | 食品を保つシステムおよび方法 |
TWI657982B (zh) * | 2012-01-25 | 2019-05-01 | 美商全球新鮮食物公司 | 用於保存食物的系統與方法 |
WO2016200363A1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-15 | Bemis Company, Inc. | Multilayered sheet |
CN107709011A (zh) * | 2015-06-08 | 2018-02-16 | 比密斯公司 | 多层片材 |
US10569516B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2020-02-25 | Bemis Company, Inc. | Multilayered sheet |
CN105150648A (zh) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-16 | 公主岭华美塑料制品有限公司 | 一种聚乙烯/聚丙烯/聚乙烯三层共挤上吹薄膜及其制备方法 |
US20220106469A1 (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-07 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Thermoformable film |
US11560468B2 (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2023-01-24 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Thermoformable film |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100503235C (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
WO2004113072A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
EP1488924B1 (en) | 2006-04-26 |
EA009628B1 (ru) | 2008-02-28 |
PE20050025A1 (es) | 2005-03-21 |
AU2004249491B2 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
BRPI0411457A (pt) | 2006-07-18 |
EP1488924A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
EA200501779A1 (ru) | 2006-08-25 |
IL171860A (en) | 2009-12-24 |
CN1805848A (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
PT1488924E (pt) | 2006-08-31 |
NZ544375A (en) | 2008-07-31 |
AU2004249491A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
GB0314189D0 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
IS7327A (is) | 2004-12-19 |
ES2263113T3 (es) | 2006-12-01 |
TW200514689A (en) | 2005-05-01 |
NO20042582L (no) | 2004-12-20 |
IS2332B (is) | 2008-02-15 |
DE602004000736T2 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
EP1736310A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
CA2529295C (en) | 2009-08-25 |
PL1488924T3 (pl) | 2006-09-29 |
DK1488924T3 (da) | 2006-07-24 |
ATE324260T1 (de) | 2006-05-15 |
CA2529295A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
DE602004000736D1 (de) | 2006-06-01 |
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