EP1163484B1 - Tube collecteur pour echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Tube collecteur pour echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1163484B1
EP1163484B1 EP00920454A EP00920454A EP1163484B1 EP 1163484 B1 EP1163484 B1 EP 1163484B1 EP 00920454 A EP00920454 A EP 00920454A EP 00920454 A EP00920454 A EP 00920454A EP 1163484 B1 EP1163484 B1 EP 1163484B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
slots
header
slot
flat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00920454A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1163484A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Staffa
Hans-Joachim Krauss
Hagen Mittelstrass
Christoph Walter
Bernd Dienhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1163484A1 publication Critical patent/EP1163484A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1163484B1 publication Critical patent/EP1163484B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0214—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only longitudinal partitions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0243—Header boxes having a circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/025—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49389—Header or manifold making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a manifold for a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1 as well as on one A method for producing such a manifold according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • a manifold and such a method are known from EP-A-845 647.
  • One important field of application are heat exchangers in the form of Evaporators and condensers or gas coolers of automotive air conditioning systems.
  • the invention is a technical problem to provide a producible with relatively little effort collecting tube of the type mentioned, which is particularly suitable for applications with high pressure load, such as for CO 2 air conditioning systems of motor vehicles, and an advantageous manufacturing method for such a manifold based.
  • the invention solves this problem by providing a manifold with the features of claim 1 and a method for collecting pipe production with the features of claim 4.
  • the ratio of tube outer radius to tube wall thickness has a value less than five, ie based on its outer tube radius, the manifold has a comparatively high pipe wall thickness, which makes it suitable for high pressure applications, such as those in automotive air conditioning systems that work with the refrigerant CO 2 .
  • pipe wall thicknesses between 1.8mm and 2.5mm can be provided.
  • the manifold with this high pipe wall thickness can be provided with relatively little effort by innenmatrizenloses punching or hydroforming with elongated slots, plugged into the associated flat tube ends of a heat exchanger and sealed or can be determined in other ways gas-tight.
  • a material having a hardness between 35 H v and 80 H v is selected according to claim 2 for the manifold.
  • header pipe manufacturing method by internal die-free punching or hydroforming one or more slots introduced into the manifold, the parallel to the manifold longitudinal axis are oriented.
  • a collection tube produced in this way is particularly suitable for heat exchangers where flat tubes be used with twisted ends.
  • this production method is according to claim 6, a solder-plated sheet used, so that then there is a correspondingly solder-plated collecting tube, what a Dichtlöten the longitudinal gap and / or in the slots used flat tube ends easier.
  • this measure is carried out according to claim 7, the sealing soldering of the longitudinal gap in a common soldering, in which at the same time the other components of the heat exchanger be soldered, so that in total only one Komplettlötvorgang required for the production of the heat exchanger is.
  • collector tube manufacturing method is according to claim 8 in the places the manifold, where the slots are to be inserted, a punctual heat treatment what is the insertion without internal matrix slits made easier.
  • 1 is circumferential, i. on his pipe jacket, with a row from in the direction of the tube longitudinal axis 2 consecutive Slots 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f provided by a elongated, to the cross-sectional shape of flat tube ends to be inserted adapted shape. They go with theirs Longitudinal extension parallel to the pipe longitudinal axis or pipe jacket line 2 and follow to form corresponding web areas 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e with the same, slight distance from one another. It will be understood that as needed, i. depending on the succession of the flat tube ends to be inserted each heat exchanger flat tube block configuration used, any other sequence of slots is possible, e.g. a series of more spaced pairs of slots each from two closely adjacent slots.
  • the slots 3a to 3f can be introduced by a punching process, in which the collecting tube 1 is covered by a two-part outer die, the lower die half carries the collection tube 1 and the upper die half has a corresponding number of spaced slots, dive through the associated punch and thus the Slits 3a to 3f as "in-breaks" in the manifold 1 "tear".
  • the introduction of the slots can be carried out partially by suitable punch with only partial outer peripheral side guide of the manifold 1. As can be seen in more detail from FIG.
  • the collecting tube 1 has a pipe outside diameter D 1 , which is smaller than the pipe outside diameter D outside the slot areas, ie at the level of the webs 4 a , 4 b, due to the inwardly bent pass-through slots 3 a to 3 f in the respective slot area , 4c, is.
  • the term "outer diameter” is presently to be understood in a broad sense to the effect that it generally refers to the transverse extent, even in non-circular cross-sectional shapes. It can be seen that the "tearing" of the slots 3a to 3f should preferably be made such that the ratio of pipe outside diameter D outside the slot areas to the pipe outside diameter D 1 in the slot areas is between about 1.02 and about 1.5.
  • the introduction of the slots 3a to 3f can be influenced or facilitated by the fact that the collecting tube 1 is previously heat treated at the relevant points previously or at these points a mechanical weakening of the tube wall is provided.
  • the slots can also be introduced by internal high-pressure punching.
  • the manifold 1 has a relative to its diameter D relatively large wall thickness s, so that it is also suitable for applications with high pressure load.
  • the manifold 1 is therefore particularly suitable for heat exchangers, such as evaporator and gas cooler, of CO 2 air conditioners used, which are increasingly provided for use in motor vehicles.
  • the tube wall thickness s is typically greater than 1.0 mm and is preferably in the range between about 1.3 mm and 2.5 mm. Based on the tube outer diameter D or the tube radius D / 2, it is advantageous if the ratio D / 2s of tube radius D / 2 to tube wall thickness s is kept smaller than five, and preferably between about two and about five.
  • the choice of a material for the manifold with a material hardness between about 35H v and about 80H v proves to be favorable, in particular for use in a heat exchanger of a CO 2 air conditioning.
  • the slots 3a to 3f can in a conventional manner associated flat tube ends, in particular by 90 ° twisted Flat tube ends, plugged and connected gas-tight.
  • the slots 3a to 3f with matching pipe infeed slopes be provided what the achievement of a gas-tight Connection facilitated by a subsequent Dichtlötvorgang.
  • the collecting tube can be solder plated or suitable solder preforms are used.
  • the Previous Lotplattieren the manifold can after a common Plating method, or by a CD method or by galvanizing. Alternatively you can the slots introduced into the manifold even without inward passage area and without import bevel be introduced into the manifold.
  • the collection tube 1 can as a first unplated header pipe blank by pulling and then optional plating be made.
  • Another manufacturing method is in the Fig. 3 and 4 illustrated.
  • the flat tube 1 made of a flat material 5, which already may be solder plated if desired.
  • Fig. 4 next can be seen, lie in the round tube blank 6, the two former flat piece longitudinal sides 7a, 7b under formation a narrow longitudinal gap 8 opposite.
  • the longitudinal gap 8 is then in a subsequent manufacturing step by welding or soldering closed gas-tight.
  • the sealing soldering of the Longitudinal gap 8 takes place with flux in a separate soldering process or in a joint operation together with the Sealing of flat tube ends, which are in slots of the finished State inserted as a manifold acting blank 6 are.
  • a single Komplettlötvorgang be provided, in which the solder joints as well like all other solder joints of the construction of a corresponding Heat exchanger required components become.
  • the through-slots for the flat tube ends can depending on the application already in the flat piece. 5 or only in the round tube blank 6 before or after the gas-tight Close the longitudinal gap 8 are introduced.
  • the Slot row, as shown in Fig. 1, is located in this case preferably diametrically opposite the longitudinal gap 8.
  • Slots can be used to insert flat-tube ends required, elongated slots introduced differently be, e.g. as off-center slots, laterally offset to the longitudinal center plane or surface line of the manifold are introduced, or as inclined slots, the under an angle of more than 0 ° and less than 90 ° to the tube sheath line or longitudinal center plane of the manifold introduced inclined are.
  • elongated slots introduced differently e.g. as off-center slots, laterally offset to the longitudinal center plane or surface line of the manifold are introduced, or as inclined slots, the under an angle of more than 0 ° and less than 90 ° to the tube sheath line or longitudinal center plane of the manifold introduced inclined are.
  • FIG. 5 Another variant is shown in Fig. 5.
  • manifold 9 are two in the circumferential direction adjacent slots 11a, 11b are provided which are to unite to a corresponding double slot by touch each other along the tube generatrix 10 alongside.
  • This double slot can be two closely spaced Flat pipe ends are inserted gas-tight.
  • Slot design may be a slot row similar to that be provided by Fig. 1, wherein the slots, however are not spaced apart, but with their Collide with each other.
  • the collection tube according to the invention not only as a single chamber tube, i. with a single Distribution or collection space, but also as a multi-chamber tube realizable.
  • a two-chamber tube 12 the two separate longitudinal channels 13a, 13b.
  • the two-chamber tube 12 are two adjacent Rows of slots 14, 15 inserted, of which each row of slots according to those of Fig. 1 or one of the variants mentioned above is designed and in each case one of the two longitudinal channels 13a, 13b opens.
  • a manifold be provided, the tube interior by one or more Cross dividing walls in several, consecutive in the tube longitudinal direction Collection rooms is divided into each one or several flat tube ends open into the associated collection tube slots are tightly inserted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Tube collecteur pour échangeur de chaleur, comprenant :
    une ou plusieurs fentes (3a à 3d), introduites par poinçonnage sans matrice intérieure ou par formage sous haute pression intérieure, orientées dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal de tube, pour l'insertion d'un tube plat correspondant,
       caractérisé en ce
    que le rapport D/2s, du rayon extérieur D/2 de tube à l'épaisseur s de paroi de tube, est inférieur à cinq,
    que le rapport D/D1, du diamètre extérieur D de tube à l'extérieur des zones de fente, à l'étendue transversale D1 de tube dans les zones de fente, se situe entre 1,02 et 1,5, et
    qu'un affaiblissement mécanique est prévu aux endroits auxquels la fente ou les fentes (3a à 3d) doivent être introduites.
  2. Tube collecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre en ce que la dureté du matériau utilisé pour le tube collecteur se situe entre 35 Hv et 80 Hv.
  3. Echangeur de chaleur comprenant des tubes plats et des tubes collecteurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2.
  4. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube collecteur (1) pour échangeur de chaleur, dans lequel des fentes (3a - 3f) s'étendant dans la direction d'un axe longitudinal (2) de tube du tube collecteur (1), produites par poinçonnage sans matrice intérieure ou par formage sous haute pression intérieure, sont introduites dans le tube collecteur (1), lesquelles fentes servent à l'insertion d'extrémités de tubes plats, caractérisé en ce qu'il se produit tout d'abord un affaiblissement mécanique de la paroi de tube aux endroits du tube collecteur (1) auxquels les fentes (3a - 3f) sont introduites, et que lors de l'introduction des fentes (3a - 3f), des passages orientés vers l'intérieur sont formés, de manière que le tube collecteur obtienne une étendue transversale D1 de tube dans la zone des fentes qui est inférieure au diamètre extérieur D de tube à l'extérieur de la zone de fentes, le rapport D/D1 du diamètre extérieur D de tube à l'extérieur de la zone de fentes à l'étendue transversale D1 de tube dans la zone de fentes se situant entre 1,02 et 1,5 et le rapport D/2s du rayon extérieur D/2 de tube à l'épaisseur s de paroi de tube étant inférieur à cinq.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube collecteur selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'une pièce plate (5) est cintrée en une ébauche de tube collecteur ouvert le long d'une fente longitudinale (8) et que la fente longitudinale est ensuite brasée ou soudée de manière étanche et
    que la fente ou les fentes (3a à 3d) sont introduites dans l'ébauche de tube collecteur (6) après le brasage étanche ou le soudage étanche de la fente longitudinale (8).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en outre en ce que des plats plaqués d'un alliage d'apport sont utilisés en tant que pièces plates (5).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en outre en ce que le brasage étanche de la fente longitudinale (8) se produit dans un seul processus de brasage pour la fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur associé, dans lequel toutes les autres jonctions par brasage pour la construction de l'échangeur de chaleur sont également produites.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en outre en ce qu'un traitement thermique ponctuel est prévu aux endroits auxquels la fente ou les fentes (3a à 3d) doivent être introduites.
EP00920454A 1999-03-15 2000-02-29 Tube collecteur pour echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP1163484B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19911334 1999-03-15
DE19911334A DE19911334A1 (de) 1999-03-15 1999-03-15 Sammelrohr für einen Wärmeübertrager und Herstellungsverfahren hierfür
PCT/EP2000/001681 WO2000055561A1 (fr) 1999-03-15 2000-02-29 Tube collecteur pour echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1163484A1 EP1163484A1 (fr) 2001-12-19
EP1163484B1 true EP1163484B1 (fr) 2005-01-26

Family

ID=7900932

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00920454A Expired - Lifetime EP1163484B1 (fr) 1999-03-15 2000-02-29 Tube collecteur pour echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6993838B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1163484B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002539417A (fr)
AT (1) ATE288067T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4103000A (fr)
DE (2) DE19911334A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2237418T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000055561A1 (fr)

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DE19649129A1 (de) 1996-11-27 1998-05-28 Behr Gmbh & Co Flachrohr-Wärmeübertrager mit umgeformtem Flachrohrendabschnitt
EP0845648B1 (fr) * 1996-11-27 2002-01-30 Behr GmbH & Co. Echangeur de chaleur à tubes plats, en particulier condenseur de type à serpentin
JPH10197190A (ja) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-31 Zexel Corp 熱交換器のヘッダパイプ
DE19729497A1 (de) * 1997-07-10 1999-01-14 Behr Gmbh & Co Flachrohr-Wärmeübertrager
US5898996A (en) 1997-09-05 1999-05-04 General Motors Corporation Method of forming a cylindrical heat exchanger header tank
DE19740114A1 (de) * 1997-09-12 1999-03-18 Behr Gmbh & Co Wärmetauscher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000055561A1 (fr) 2000-09-21
JP2002539417A (ja) 2002-11-19
AU4103000A (en) 2000-10-04
ES2237418T3 (es) 2005-08-01
DE19911334A1 (de) 2000-09-21
ATE288067T1 (de) 2005-02-15
DE50009360D1 (de) 2005-03-03
EP1163484A1 (fr) 2001-12-19
US6993838B1 (en) 2006-02-07

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