EP0393449B1 - Leuchtstofflampe - Google Patents

Leuchtstofflampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0393449B1
EP0393449B1 EP90106692A EP90106692A EP0393449B1 EP 0393449 B1 EP0393449 B1 EP 0393449B1 EP 90106692 A EP90106692 A EP 90106692A EP 90106692 A EP90106692 A EP 90106692A EP 0393449 B1 EP0393449 B1 EP 0393449B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner element
lamp
discharge
wall
fluorescent lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90106692A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0393449A1 (de
Inventor
Pavel Dr. Imris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT90106692T priority Critical patent/ATE77712T1/de
Publication of EP0393449A1 publication Critical patent/EP0393449A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0393449B1 publication Critical patent/EP0393449B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/56—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluorescent lamp according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such fluorescent lamps are known from DE-A-11 99 882. According to DE-A-27 25 412 and US-A-36 09 436, as well as according to US-A-20 01 501, GB-A-518 204 and DE-A 28 35 574, it is also known in the interior of fluorescent lamps to additionally arrange straight or U-shaped discharge tubes and to equip them with a plurality of discharge electrodes. According to DE-A-27 25 412 it is also known to provide the outer wall of the discharge tube with a phosphor layer over half of its circumference and its entire length.
  • the lamps according to these publications are small, have a threaded connection base, and the discharge takes place in the inner discharge tube and in the lamp bulb.
  • the electrical discharge in the discharge spaces initially generates UV radiation, which is converted into visible light in the phosphor layer.
  • the UV radiation that is generated in the inner discharge tube is only involved to a small extent in the generation of visible light, which is emitted into the surroundings by the surface of the lamp bulb.
  • the luminous efficacy or the efficiency of such lamps is relatively low.
  • the electrical energy that is required for the discharge in the inner discharge tube alone is approximately 50% of the total energy consumption, and in the end these 50% account for only approx. 10% of the total luminous efficiency of the lamp.
  • Another disadvantage of the previously known lamps is the homogeneity of the light distribution on the surface of the lamp, which is difficult to obtain.
  • the large number of discharge electrodes required for lamps of this type is a further economic disadvantage.
  • a complicated and therefore expensive electrical circuit is required to control the electrodes.
  • the prior art also includes lamps which are known in the literature under the name "compact lamps". From the technical-scientific treatise of the OSRAM Society, 1986, volume 12, pages 383 to 393, it is known that these "compact lamps” are equipped with built-in ballasts and with a threaded base and are operated at higher frequencies of the lamp current.
  • compact lamps compared to those in the above. Small lamps made of fonts are the even smaller dimensions, the improved lamp efficiency and the reduced flickering of light. Despite the advantages of these "compact lamps", they are expensive and their light output is still relatively low.
  • this is also a discharge lamp, an inner element serving as an electrically conductive component mainly as an auxiliary ignition electrode and at the same time the so-called recombination surface of the discharge space enlarged.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of further improving the efficiency of such fluorescent lamps, with the proviso that the manufacturing costs of such lamps can be further reduced.
  • the principle of operation of the lamp designed in this way is based on two electrical fields, and - and this is essential to the invention - the first field in a known manner between two Discharge electrodes in the discharge space, and wherein the second field extends from the interior of the inner element perpendicular to the first field.
  • the economic advantage of the fluorescent lamp according to the invention consists in the substantially greater luminous efficacy per unit of electrical energy supplied compared to the luminous efficacy of known fluorescent lamps.
  • the achievable efficiency of the fluorescent lamp according to the invention is approximately twice as high as the efficiency of known fluorescent lamps which are operated at 50 Hz.
  • the efficiency of the lamp is approximately 1.6 times greater than the efficiency of known so-called "compact lamps" which are operated at approximately 35 kHz.
  • ballasts required for the two electrical fields are easy to manufacture and cheaper than the ballasts of known fluorescent lamps with comparable luminous efficacy, apart from that, represent the total manufacturing costs of the invention Fluorescent lamp are significantly reduced compared to those of known lamps.
  • the discharge space 3 is filled with mercury vapor and with an inert gas or with an inert gas mixture.
  • discharge electrodes 7, 8 are arranged on the inner element, as shown, in the discharge space 3, between which the electrical discharge takes place in the discharge space 3.
  • the outer surface of the inner element 2 is also covered over the entire length with a phosphor layer 9 or covered with a UV radiation reflector.
  • the inner element 2 is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the lamp bulb 1 so that its mouth 10 is connected gas-tight to the inner ends of the bulb 1 and in this way together with the Lamp bulb 1 are integrated into the base 5, 6.
  • the inner element 2 consists of a glass tube like the lamp bulb 1.
  • the electrode 8 is integrated gas-tight at the mouth 10 and by means of lines 17 ′, 18 ′ leading to connections 17, 18 ′ with the network with the interposition of ballasts (see FIG. 9).
  • the electrode 7 at the other end is integrated in the same way in the other base 5.
  • one or more elements 12 acting as a capacitor are arranged, which are connected by lines 15 and 16 to a voltage source, which is arranged in the longer base 6, but is not shown.
  • the element (s) 12 (FIG. 3) are formed from a sheet, a sieve, a metal layer or the like. But they can also consist of fine metal chips or "aluminum wool" 13 or a grid 14 with which the interior of the inner element 2 is simply filled.
  • These elements 12, which act as a capacitor are part of a capacitor because they are in the charged state as electrically conductive plates when the lamp is in operation.
  • the electrically conductive plasma in the discharge space 3 forms the second electrical conductor of the capacitor, the wall of the inner element 2 forming the dielectric.
  • the lamp bases 5, 6 are designed so that they fit into the known versions.
  • the length of the lamp according to FIG. 1 can be, for example, 450 mm to 2370 mm and the diameter of the lamp bulb 1 can be, for example, 30 to 55 mm.
  • the distance D between the inner wall of the lamp bulb 1 and the outer wall of the inner element 2 can be, for example, 5 to 13 mm.
  • FIG. 4 shows a so-called compact lamp which is equipped with ballasts installed in the base 6 (high-frequency generator 20 filter choke 24) and is provided with a threaded base 19 and can thus be used in conventional incandescent lamp holders.
  • the capacitor element 12 extends according to FIG. 4 over the entire length of the interior 11 of the inner element 2 and is preferably formed from a metal grid that is simply inserted into the glass tube during the manufacture of the inner element 2.
  • a line 16 connects the element 12 to the voltage source, which is located in the base 6, but is not shown.
  • a discharge electrode 8 is provided on the inner element 2 at the mouth 10 and at the other end of the inner space a short capacitor element 12, from which a line 16 leads to the voltage source located in the base 6.
  • the second pole of the voltage source 21 is connected to the electrode 8 via a line 23.
  • the electrical circuit between the capacitor element 12 and the plasma in the discharge space 3 is closed by the wall of the inner element 2.
  • the length of this lamp can be, for example, 150 mm to 250 mm and the outer diameter of the lamp bulb 1 can be, for example, 30 mm to 60 mm.
  • the interior 11 of the inner element 2 is not sealed off from the atmosphere (see in particular FIG. 3.5).
  • a second parameter that improves the efficiency of the lamp is the frequency of the voltage applied to the capacitor elements 12.
  • a third important parameter for improving the efficiency of the lamp is the pulse duration of a so-called monopolar electrical pulse, which is fed to the capacitor elements mentioned. If the pulse duration is shorter, ie if the rise time of the pulse is shorter, the efficiency of the fluorescent lamp is greater.
  • the resistance of the plasma in the discharge space 3 is also dependent on the distance D.
  • the resistance of the plasma per centimeter of the discharge length can easily be calculated from the data in FIG. 6.
  • the voltage (V / cm) of the lamp length also called the potential gradient, is shown on the vertical axis in FIG. 6 and the current density (mA / mm2) of the lamp current on the horizontal axis. All data in Fig. 6 are measured without vertical tension. Each curve in FIG. 6 shows the dependence of the voltage on the current density at a different distance D.
  • a small high-frequency pulse generator according to DE-A-37 06 385 was arranged in base 6.
  • the frequency of the monopolar pulses generated by this method can be set in a wide range.
  • the polarity of the pulses is the same as that of the carrier half period of the mains voltage.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically the curve of an oscillograph, which has a monopolar pulse P in every half period of a mains voltage of 50 Hz.
  • the pulse voltage (V) is shown on the vertical axis and the time in milliseconds (ms) on the horizontal axis. These pulses P are applied to the capacitor elements 12.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically another graphical representation of the oscillation of the lamp voltage in the discharge space 3, which oscillates simultaneously with the pulse P under the effect of the pulse P between the voltage V1 and V2.
  • a higher frequency of the pulses P than the frequency shown in FIG. 7 naturally produces a higher oscillation of the lamp voltage in the discharge space 3.
  • the oscillating vertical voltage P on the capacitor plates produces an oscillation of the plasma in the discharge space 3, which is of the frequency of the discharge current which flows between the electrodes 7 and 8 is independent.
  • Each known high-frequency generator 20, which is connected to the capacitor elements 12, leads to an oscillation of the plasma in the discharge space 3 and thus significantly improves the luminous efficacy of such lamps.
  • the light output of the compact lamp according to FIG. 4 is approximately 1.6 times greater than the light output of the known compact lamp of this type.
  • a high-frequency generator 20, which has a frequency of approximately 35 kHz, can be used for the compact lamp according to FIG. Even greater economy can be achieved if the compact lamp according to FIG. 4 is operated with a small high-frequency pulse generator according to DE-A 37 06 385.
  • the manufacturing costs of the compact lamp according to FIG. 4 are considerably lower than the known compact lamps which emit a comparable amount of light.
  • the capacitor element 12 is connected via line 16 to the high-frequency generator 20, which in turn is connected via lines 16 ', 23 to the voltage source 21 and the discharge electrode 8 and thus to the plasma in the discharge space 3.
  • line 16 leads to high-frequency generator 20 according to FIG. 9, and if an additional capacitor element 12 is present according to FIG. 3, this is connected to high-frequency generator 20 via line 15.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
EP90106692A 1989-04-17 1990-04-06 Leuchtstofflampe Expired - Lifetime EP0393449B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90106692T ATE77712T1 (de) 1989-04-17 1990-04-06 Leuchtstofflampe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3912514 1989-04-17
DE3912514A DE3912514A1 (de) 1989-04-17 1989-04-17 Leuchtstofflampe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0393449A1 EP0393449A1 (de) 1990-10-24
EP0393449B1 true EP0393449B1 (de) 1992-06-24

Family

ID=6378811

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90106692A Expired - Lifetime EP0393449B1 (de) 1989-04-17 1990-04-06 Leuchtstofflampe

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5053933A (hu)
EP (1) EP0393449B1 (hu)
AT (1) ATE77712T1 (hu)
CZ (1) CZ278979B6 (hu)
DD (1) DD293687A5 (hu)
DE (2) DE3912514A1 (hu)
ES (1) ES2034792T3 (hu)
HU (1) HU202673B (hu)
SK (1) SK278345B6 (hu)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19520646A1 (de) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-12 Walter Holzer Gasentladungsgefäß für Leuchtstofflampen
US5909086A (en) * 1996-09-24 1999-06-01 Jump Technologies Limited Plasma generator for generating unipolar plasma
DE19900888C5 (de) * 1999-01-12 2007-09-06 Suresh Hiralal Shah Beidseitig gesockelte gerade Leuchtstoffröhre
DE19900870A1 (de) * 1999-01-12 2000-08-03 Walter Holzer Gerade Leuchtstofflampe mit Vorschaltgerät
EP1293111B1 (en) * 2000-05-11 2008-07-16 General Electric Company Starting aid for fluorescent lamps
US7053553B1 (en) 2000-05-11 2006-05-30 General Electric Company Starting aid for fluorescent lamp
US6650042B2 (en) 2001-04-26 2003-11-18 General Electric Company Low-wattage fluorescent lamp
RO119397B1 (ro) * 2001-09-07 2004-08-30 Doru Cornel Sava Tub fluorescent
US7530715B2 (en) * 2006-05-31 2009-05-12 Jenn-Wei Mii Luminescent assembly with shortwave and visible light source
US7661839B2 (en) * 2007-05-01 2010-02-16 Hua-Hsin Tsai Light structure

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE598325C (de) * 1933-03-08 1934-06-08 Patra Patent Treuhand Elektrische Quecksilberdampflampe oder -roehre mit aus Borosilikatglas bestehendem Roehrengefaess
US2001501A (en) * 1933-03-10 1935-05-14 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge device
GB518204A (en) * 1938-09-23 1940-02-20 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electric discharge lamps
NL278794A (hu) * 1961-05-23
US3609436A (en) * 1969-04-21 1971-09-28 Gen Electric Fluorescent light source with a plurality of sequentially energized electrodes
NL179771C (nl) * 1976-06-17 1986-11-03 Philips Nv Lagedrukgasontladingslamp.
NL179854C (nl) * 1977-08-23 1986-11-17 Philips Nv Lagedrukkwikdampontladingslamp.
NL7906202A (nl) * 1979-08-15 1981-02-17 Philips Nv Lagedrukontladingslamp.
NL8205026A (nl) * 1982-12-29 1984-07-16 Philips Nv Inrichting voorzien van een met tenminste twee inwendige elektroden uitgeruste metaaldampontladingsbuis.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUT53731A (en) 1990-11-28
DE3912514A1 (de) 1990-10-18
CZ278979B6 (en) 1994-11-16
HU202673B (en) 1991-03-28
ATE77712T1 (de) 1992-07-15
US5053933A (en) 1991-10-01
ES2034792T3 (es) 1993-04-01
DD293687A5 (de) 1991-09-05
CS9001819A2 (en) 1991-09-15
HU902439D0 (en) 1990-08-28
SK278345B6 (en) 1996-12-04
EP0393449A1 (de) 1990-10-24
DE59000175D1 (de) 1992-07-30

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