EP0297266B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour alimenter des ébauches d'emballage à un dispositif de pliage - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour alimenter des ébauches d'emballage à un dispositif de pliage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0297266B1
EP0297266B1 EP88107919A EP88107919A EP0297266B1 EP 0297266 B1 EP0297266 B1 EP 0297266B1 EP 88107919 A EP88107919 A EP 88107919A EP 88107919 A EP88107919 A EP 88107919A EP 0297266 B1 EP0297266 B1 EP 0297266B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knife
roller
knives
articles
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88107919A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0297266A2 (fr
EP0297266A3 (en
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Jürgen Wach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0297266A2 publication Critical patent/EP0297266A2/fr
Publication of EP0297266A3 publication Critical patent/EP0297266A3/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/10—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B57/12—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged and operating to control, or stop, the feed of wrapping materials, containers, or packages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for feeding blanks of packaging material to a folding unit, in particular to a folding turret, for wrapping objects or groups of objects, the blanks being separated from a continuous material web by cooperating knives, at least one knife being separated by a revolving knife roller is rotated, the feed of the blanks to the folding unit being controlled as a function of the feed of objects to be packaged in such a way that when the supply of objects is interrupted, the transfer of blanks to the folding unit is interrupted until objects to be packaged are fed back to the folding unit, and the drive for the continuous rotary movement of the knife roller is maintained and the material web is stopped when the supply of objects to be packed to the folding unit is interrupted. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for producing and feeding blanks to a folding unit according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • Blanks for wrapping objects are common produced in the packaging machines by cutting off a material web and fed directly to a folding unit, in particular a folding turret. This applies above all to the processing of blanks from (plastic) foil material.
  • the blanks are usually separated from the material web by rotating knife rollers with separating knives and counter-knives with predominantly continuous conveying, and are also fed by circumferential conveying elements to a peripheral surface of the folding turret in the region of a pocket for receiving the objects.
  • the objects to be wrapped are inserted into a pocket of the folding turret in the radial direction in an insertion station with partial wrapping by the blank.
  • the feeding of the objects to be wrapped on the one hand and the separation and feeding of the blanks on the other hand are coordinated.
  • a packaging material feed mechanism to a folding unit is known.
  • the supply of the packaging material to the folding unit is controlled depending on the supply of objects to be packaged in such a way that when the supply of objects to be packaged is interrupted, the transfer of packaging material to the folding unit is interrupted until objects to be packaged are fed back to the folding unit.
  • the material web is withdrawn by rotating the drive of the material web in opposite directions, so that it comes out of the area of the knives.
  • the drive of the knife roller is maintained.
  • a major disadvantage of the known device lies in the complex mechanical construction which ensures that the material web is withdrawn from the area of the knives.
  • the cutting tools are subject to a high level of wear and tear since the Material web and maintaining drive of the cutting tools, the position of which remains in the cutting position.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid malfunctions in the functional sequence by coordinated interruption of the supply of blanks to the folding turret or the like in the event of a temporary interruption in the supply of objects to be wrapped.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that both knives are rotated by rotating knife rollers, that when the supply of objects to be packed to the folding unit is interrupted, the drive for the continuous rotational movement of both knife rollers is maintained and that the knife rollers and / or their Knives can be moved to an ineffective position.
  • the device according to the invention is further characterized by the features of claim 6.
  • the supply of objects to be wrapped to the folding turret is monitored in the invention, for. B. by an opto-electrical monitoring device. If the conveyance is interrupted, a corresponding signal is forwarded to units for conveying the material web, for separating and transporting the blanks, so that they do not separate any further blanks or convey them to the folding turret.
  • the material web for producing the blanks is stopped in an area which lies in front of the knife rollers in the direction of transport, with further blanks no longer being cut off.
  • a special feature is that the material web is conveyed by a trailing section beyond the action level of the knives (separating knife and counter knife) and then stopped.
  • the trailing section of the material web beyond the parting plane is shorter than the length of a blank and on the movement of the objects to be wrapped, on the conveying elements for the material web and the blanks, including the knife rollers, adjusted so that when the transport of the objects and thus the material web starts again, a blank is cut off at a moment which is coordinated with the movement of the objects and the folding turret.
  • the synchronous operation between the blank and the object to be wrapped is thereby immediately restored without loss of a blank or without a missing wrapping.
  • the knives of the knife rollers are brought into an ineffective position during the temporary stoppage of conveyance for the material web, so that a separation cut is not carried out despite the rotation of the knife rollers.
  • the device according to the invention for separating blanks from a web of material and feeding them to the circumferential surface of a folding turret comprises revolving conveying elements with the inclusion of revolving knife rollers, which are preceded by a pair of pulling rollers for the transport of the web of material, which can be switched off in a controlled manner if objects are not supplied, whereby Both knives are continuously assigned to rotating knife rollers and the knife rollers or their knives can be moved into a position which is ineffective for the cutting intervention by means of stationary, movable control members.
  • the separating knives which protrude over a circumferential surface of the knife rollers with a cutting edge, can be moved out of the cutting position by stationary, movable control members, in particular pivotable against spring loading.
  • the embodiment shown in the drawings deals with the packaging of stacks 10 of folded paper handkerchiefs in a blank 11 made of film material, for example PE film.
  • the objects to be wrapped that is to say stacks 10, are conveyed by a horizontal feed conveyor 12 fed to a folding turret 13 as a folding unit.
  • the feed conveyor 12 consists of a fixed bearing plate 14 for supporting the stack 10 and angular drivers 15, which are moved by chain drives 16 over the bearing plate 14.
  • the folding turret 13 is provided with a plurality of pockets 17 which are open on the radial outside, into each of which a stack 10, which is compressed to the dimensions of the pocket 17, is inserted in the radial direction, with the aid of a blank 11 which moves during the insertion movement U-shaped around the stack 10.
  • the feed conveyor 12 is located approximately in the horizontal center plane of the upright folding turret.
  • the stack 10 is inserted into the pockets 17 by means of a slide 18 that can be moved back and forth.
  • Feeder 12, folding turret 13 and other organs are expediently designed as described in DE patent application DE-A-37 01 273.8 (published on July 28. 1988) shown and described.
  • the blanks 11 are produced in a blanking station arranged upstream of the insertion station described above in the direction of rotation of the folding turret 13 and are applied in the region of a pocket 17 to the outer peripheral surface 19 of the folding turret 13.
  • the positioning of the blanks 11 on the peripheral surface 19 is such that a pocket 17 is covered in each case.
  • the blanks 11 are separated from a material web 21. This is drawn off from a bobbin (not shown) and fed to a separating unit for producing the blanks 11 via deflecting rollers 22, 23 with a double rocker 24.
  • the movable double rocker 24 serves to compensate of fluctuations in the feed of the material web 21, so that it always has a constant conveying speed in the area of the cutting of the blanks.
  • a photo eye 25 is attached in the area of the deflecting roller 22 for monitoring the exact running of the material web 21.
  • the material web runs over a (first) knife roller 26 with two knives, namely counter knives 27. These are arranged and designed in a conventional manner such that a cutting edge 28 projects slightly beyond the circumferential surface of the knife roller 26.
  • a second knife roller 29 Directly opposite the knife roller 26 is a second knife roller 29, which also has two diametrically opposed knives, namely separating knives 30.
  • the distance between the knife rollers 26 and 29 is selected such that a cutting edge 31 also protrudes beyond the circumference of the knife roller 29 the cutting knife 30 cooperates in the area of the smallest distance with a counter knife 27 in such a way that the material web 21 is cut through to form a blank 11.
  • the first knife roller 26 runs clockwise and the second knife roller 29 runs counterclockwise. In the area of a parting plane or parting point for the material web 21, parting knife 30 and counter knife 27 accordingly run in the same direction.
  • the material web 21 is brought up to the circumferential or lateral surface of the first knife roller 26.
  • This is provided with suction bores 32 opening on the circumferential surface, which are temporarily connected to a suction segment 33 of a fixed suction disk of known design when the knife roller 26 rotates.
  • the suction segment 33 is arranged or dimensioned such that the material web 21 in the area of the separating cut is sufficient for further transport is fixed to the circumference by the knife roller 26.
  • the suction segment 33 accordingly extends on both sides of the parting plane and then in the conveying direction of the knife roller up to an area in which the blank 11 is transferred to a subsequent conveyor, in the present case up to the area of a transfer conveyor 34.
  • the front area of the material web 21 and - after the separating cut - the blank 11 are accordingly held on the circumference of the knife roller 26 by suction air.
  • the transfer conveyor 34 is designed in the present embodiment as a belt conveyor.
  • a larger conveyor roller 35 receives the blanks 11 one after the other.
  • a smaller deflection roller 36 arranged at a distance therefrom is looped together with belts 37 together with the conveyor roller 35.
  • the straps 37 consist of several elastic bands lying next to one another, in particular O-rings. These run in circumferential grooves 38 of the conveying roller 35 and the deflecting roller 36.
  • the belts 37 which are arranged at axial distances from one another, are thereby essentially flush with the outer surface of the conveying roller 35 and the deflecting roller 36.
  • the blanks 11 can thereby bear against the outer surface of the conveying roller 35. This is provided in the area between the belts 37 with suction bores 39, which in turn come into contact with a stationary suction segment 40 during a partial area of the rotation and are thus acted upon by suction air.
  • the blanks 11 are conveyed through this along a section which is somewhat smaller than half the circumference of the knife roller 26 and then transferred to the immediately adjacent conveyor roller 35.
  • the suction hole holding the blank 11 or the material web 21 on the lateral surface of the knife roller 26 is connected to a fixed ventilation hole 41, so that the blank 11 or the material web 21 is no longer held in this area, but by the outer surface the conveying roller 35 is changed to the circumference of the conveying roller 35 as a result of the suction bore 39 which is effective in this area and is supplied with suction air.
  • the dimensions in the present case are such that the length of a blank 11 in the transport direction is greater than the contact area on the knife roller 26, so that the material web 21 already bears against the conveyor roller 35 before the separating cut.
  • the blank 11 is placed on the peripheral surface 19 of the folding turret 13 by the conveyor roller 35 and is held along a certain conveying path by the belts 37 which also cling to this peripheral surface 19.
  • the separation of the blanks 11 and conveyance to the folding turret 13 is dependent on the delivery of objects, namely stacks 10, such that, in the absence of stacks 10 in the area of the feeder 12, no blanks 11 are applied to the folding turret 13.
  • the feed of the stacks 10 in the area of the feed conveyor 12 is monitored, e.g. through optical sensors. If there is a gap in the feed of the stacks 10, the drive of the material web 21 is interrupted in a controlled manner.
  • the material web 21 is driven by a pair of pull rollers 42, 43 which are arranged upstream of the knife rollers 26, 29 in the conveying direction. These are stopped when stacks 10 are not supplied, but in such a way that the material web continues to convey a section of the material web, specifically over the separation point in the area of the knife rollers 26, 29.
  • This trailing section 44 is approximately a quarter of the circumference of the knife roller 26 (FIG. 3). In this position shown there, the material web 21 comes to a standstill.
  • This exact standstill position is achieved in that the pull rollers 42, 43 are driven by a servomotor 45 (stepper motor) which receives a stop impulse from the feed conveyor and then conveys the material web 21 further by the trailing section 44 described.
  • the transmission of the stop signal to the servomotor 45 is controlled in such a way that the promotion of the trailing section 44 always takes place after a separating cut.
  • the knife rollers 26, 29 and the transfer conveyor 34 - like the folding turret 13 - continue to move unchanged, namely continuously, after the material web 21 has stopped.
  • the knives are moved with each other apart from cutting engagement.
  • the separating knives 30 on the knife roller 29 are (temporarily) adjusted for this purpose.
  • the separating knives 30 are movably attached to the knife roller 29.
  • the knife roller 29 is provided on diagonally opposite sides with recesses 46 which are approximately triangular in cross section.
  • the separating knives 30 can be moved, namely pivoted, in these.
  • a radially inner end or edge region of the separating knife 30 is provided with a round thickening 47, namely cylindrical in the bearing region. This lies rotatably (slidingly) in a suitable, trough-shaped depression 48 of a side surface 49 of the recess 46.
  • the side surface 49 which is oriented approximately radially or parallel to an (imaginary) radial surface, also serves as a contact surface for the cutting knife 30 in the normal or cutting position .
  • the separating knife 30 is moved out of the cutting position by a slight pivoting movement about the axis of the bearing thickening 47, namely by rotating the same in the recess 48 (FIG. 3, upper separating knife 39).
  • This pivoting movement of the cutting knife 30 takes place against the load of a spring 50.
  • the spring sits on a bolt 51 directed transversely to the cutting knife 30, which passes through a bore 52 in the cutting knife 30 and is fastened to the side surface 49.
  • an actuator is mounted in the knife roller 29 adjacent to the side surface 49, namely a rotatable eccentric piece 53.
  • This is designed as a pivot pin flattened on one side, which can be rotated about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the knife roller 29.
  • an edge emerges from the plane of the side surface 49 and pivots the separating knife 30.
  • the separating knife lies against the eccentric piece 53 in the area of the flattening.
  • an actuating arm 54 is attached to the latter, namely at a free end projecting laterally from the knife roller 29.
  • This is provided at its free end with a feeler roller 55, which receives 54 for actuating the eccentric piece 53 and thus for pivoting the cutting knife 30 on a stationary, movable actuating member.
  • this consists of a curve segment 56 which can be moved into the working position (FIG. 3) or out of it by a pressure medium cylinder 57 (FIG. 2).
  • the cam segment 56 is designed such that the feeler roller 55 runs freely against a support surface 58 of the cam segment 56 when the knife roller 29 rotates.
  • the actuating arm 54 When moving further, the actuating arm 54 is increasingly pivoted until the cutting knife in question in the region of the separation point for the material web 21 30 is pivoted back sufficiently far. Accordingly, only very short, slight movements of the cutting knife take place exclusively in the area of the cutting point. After that, when the sensing roller 55 has left the area of the cam segment 56, the cutting knife 30 returns to the normal position.
  • the knife roller 26 is provided with a recess 59 adjacent to the counter knife 27, into which the disengaged separation knife 30 briefly enters, taking the material web 21 with it, but without cutting through it.
  • the transfer conveyor 34 runs in the present case at a slightly higher speed than the knife roller 26. This creates small gaps between the successive blanks 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé d'amenée de flans (11) en matériau d'emballage à un groupe de pliage, en particulier un revolver de pliage (13), pour l'enveloppement d'objets ou de groupes (10) d'objets, les flans (11) étant séparés d'une bande de matériau (21) en progression par des lames (27, 30) coopérantes, au moins une lame étant déplacée en rotation par un rouleau à lames rotatif, l'amenée des flans (11) au groupe de pliage étant en outre commandé en fonction de l'amenée d'objets à emballer, de manière que, en cas d'interruption de l'amenée d'objets, le transfert de flans (11) au groupe de pliage soit interrompu jusqu'à ce que des objets à emballer soient de nouveau amenés au groupe de pliage et, en plus, en cas d'interruption de l'amenée d'objets à emballer au groupe de pliage, l'entraînement du mouvement rotatif continu, du rouleau à lames soit conservé et la bande de matériau soit stoppée, caractérisé en ce que les deux lames (27, 30) sont déplacées en rotation par des rouleaux à lames (26, 29), tournant de manière que, en cas d'interruption de l'amenée d'objets à emballer au groupe de pliage, l'entraînement du mouvement rotatif continu des deux rouleaux à lames (26, 29) soit conservé et que les rouleaux à lames (26, 29) et/ou leurs lames (27, 30) soient déplacé(e)s en position inactive.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les lames (30) du premier rouleau à lames (29) sont mises hors d'engagement de coupe, en particulier par pivotement de façon cadencée, notamment pour l'instant de position opposée à la lame (27) du deuxième rouleau à lame (26).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la bande de matériau (21) est stoppée de manière qu'un tronçon (44) , situé à l'avant en direction de transport, de la bande de matériau (21) soit entraîné sur un plan de coupe constitué par les lames de coupe (27, 30) des rouleau, à lames (26, 29).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, ainsi que l'une ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que la bande de matériau (21) est entraînée par des rouleaux tracteurs (42, 43) disposés en amont des rouleaux à lames (26, 29) et pouvant être commandés en fonction de l'amenée d'objets (10) à emballer au revolver de pliage (13), l'entraînement des rouleaux tracteurs (42,43), en particulier un servomoteur (45), faisant passer à l'arrêt un tronçon subséquent (44) de la bande de matériau (21) lors de la mise hors service de celui-ci.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, ainsi que l'une ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que, en cas d'interruption de l'amenée d'objets (10) à emballer au revolver de pliage (13), la mise hors service de l'entraînement des rouleaux tracteurs (42, 43) de la bande de matériau (21) s'effectue à l'instant où est effectuée une coupe de séparation.
  6. Dispositif d'amenée de flans (11) en matériau d'emballage à un groupe de pliage, en particulier un revolver de pliage (13), pour l'enveloppement d'objets ou de groupes (10) d'objets, les flans (11) étant séparés d'une bande de matériau (21) en progression par des lames (27, 30) orientées radialement et pouvant être amenés au groupe de pliage, au moins une lame étant associée à un rouleau à lames en rotation continue, avec un entraînement pour la bande de matériau qui peut être stoppé par mise à l'arrêt de rouleaux tracteurs (42, 43), en cas de défaut d'amenée d'objets à emballer, et avec un organe de surveillance, destiné à surveiller l'amenée des objets à emballer (10) arrivant au groupe de pliage, caractérisé en ce que les deux lames (27, 30) sont associées à des rouleaux à lames (26, 29) en rotation continue, et en ce que les rouleaux à lames (26, 29) et/ou leurs lames (27, 30) sont déplaçables en position inactive pour l'engagement de coupe, au moyen d'organes de commande déplaçables et localement fixes.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les lames (30) du premier rouleau à lames (29) sont, au moyen d'organes d'actionnement coopérant avec les organes de commande, amenables hors de prise de coupe, en particulier par pivotement, de façon cadencée, notamment concernant l'instant de position opposée à la lame (27) du deuxième rouleau à lames (26).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la, respectivement les, lames de coupe (30) du rouleau à lames (29) est, respectivement sont, réglables en direction périphérique pendant le mouvement de rotation de celui-ci, à l'encontre de la force d'un ressort, de manière qu'au moins une arête de coupe (31) des lames de séparation (30) se trouve dans la zone du plan de séparation de la bande de matériau (21), à distance de l'arête de coupe (28) de la lame conjuguée (27).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la, respectivement les, lames de séparation (30) du rouleau à lames (29) est, respectivement sont, montée pivotante, autour d'un axe de rotation (épaississement de tourillonnement 47), situé à distance de l'arête de coupe (31), en direction de l'axe de rotation du rouleau à lames (29), et est, respectivement sont, pivotante (s) en sens inverse du sens de rotation du rouleau à lames (29), en vue d'être déplacée hors de contact de coupe.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame de séparation (30) appuie, dans un évidement (46) du rouleau à lames (29), sur une surface d'appui de lame (face latérale 49) orientée à peu prés radialement, et peut en être décollée en vue d'un déplacement dans la position hors de contact de coupe, de préférence à l'encontre de la force d'un ressort (50) disposé sur une tige (51) fixe.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame de séparation (30) est montée tournante, par un épaississement de tourillonnement (47) cylindrique dans une cavité (48) de forme correspondante de la face latérale (49).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, ainsi que l'une ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame de séparation (30) est montée déplaçable, en particulier pivotante, par un bras d'actionnement (54), prenant appui, à l'aide d'un galet de palpage (55), sur un organe de commande localement fixe et réglable, en particulier sur un segment de came (56).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, ainsi que l'une ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce qu'en aval des rouleaux à lames (26, 29), dans la direction de transport du flan (11), respectivement de la bande de matériau (21), est disposé un transporteur de transfert (34), destiné à transférer le flan (11) à une surface périphérique (19) du revolver de pliage (13), le transporteur de transfert (34) étant de préférence composé d'un rouleau de transfert (35) avec des perçages d'aspiration (39) le long de la périphérie.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au rouleau de transfert (35) du transporteur de transfert (34) est relié un transporteur continu épousant la surface périphérique (19) du revolver de pliage (13), réalisé en particulier en courroies (37) guidées dans des gorges périphériques (38) et défilant sur un rouleau de renvoi (36) disposé à distance, de manière qu'un brin de transfert des courroies (37) appuie sur la surface périphérique (19).
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, ainsi que l'une ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que les rouleaux tracteurs (42, 43) destinés au transport de la bande de matériau (21) sont entraînés par un servomoteur (45) pouvant être commandé au moyen d'un organe de surveillance associé à un transporteur d'amenée (12) destiné aux objets à emballer (pile 10).
EP88107919A 1987-06-30 1988-05-18 Procédé et dispositif pour alimenter des ébauches d'emballage à un dispositif de pliage Expired - Lifetime EP0297266B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873721459 DE3721459A1 (de) 1987-06-30 1987-06-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zufuehren von verpackungs-zuschnitten zu einem faltaggregat
DE3721459 1987-06-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0297266A2 EP0297266A2 (fr) 1989-01-04
EP0297266A3 EP0297266A3 (en) 1990-03-07
EP0297266B1 true EP0297266B1 (fr) 1994-09-28

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EP88107919A Expired - Lifetime EP0297266B1 (fr) 1987-06-30 1988-05-18 Procédé et dispositif pour alimenter des ébauches d'emballage à un dispositif de pliage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4885895A (fr)
EP (1) EP0297266B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0764337B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8803223A (fr)
CA (1) CA1308130C (fr)
DE (2) DE3721459A1 (fr)

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WO2012101493A1 (fr) 2011-01-26 2012-08-02 Gima S.P.A. Appareil de commande et de contrôle pour contrôler et commander des unités opératives d'une machine de conditionnement et procédé correspondant

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DE3851660D1 (de) 1994-11-03
US4885895A (en) 1989-12-12
JPS6445221A (en) 1989-02-17
JPH0764337B2 (ja) 1995-07-12
CA1308130C (fr) 1992-09-29
BR8803223A (pt) 1989-01-17
EP0297266A2 (fr) 1989-01-04
EP0297266A3 (en) 1990-03-07
DE3721459A1 (de) 1989-01-12

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