Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
  • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
  • A01G22/67—Dwarf trees, e.g. bonsai

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for growing plants with dwarf growth according to the preamble of claim 1 and a plant pot therefor according to the preamble of claim 4.
• the roots should first stop growing without rotating and new active roots are formed in the interior of the root ball.
• the stems and leaves of the plants are said to grow very rapidly, with very short distances between the starting points and flowering of the plants beginning 25 to 30 days earlier than when opened in normal pots. So that means that the plant will initially smaller than usual pots, as from the local 2 * compared it to the local Figure 1 can be seen clearly.
• real dwarfism cannot be achieved here either and is not the goal.
• AT-A 350 831 describes a process for Restricting the size growth of plants known circuits' in which when grown in very small containers the Tha ⁇ , the tangential Fort waxes ie without the formation of sufficiently numerous further fine roots, to be prevented in that the wall of the container is provided with apertures are dimensioned so small that they at least substantially prevent roots from growing through but allow the passage of nutrients.
• the container the wall thickness of which should preferably be a maximum of four times the clear width of the openings, must be surrounded by nutrient substrate, the plant using small hair roots to obtain at least part of the nutrients required for growth in the desired size from the surrounding nutrient substrate, while the porous plant container itself must naturally have a size which is smaller than the growth in the desired size would require. It has been shown, however, that the size of the openings, which essentially prevents the roots from growing through, is also too small for the prevention of root rooting, so that the roots circle as if on a closed surface wall.
• this method has the disadvantage that even the principle of action sought there depends on the openings, which have a diameter of approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mm, not clogging. It is therefore necessary to continuously check and, if necessary, clean or replace the container. Furthermore, high demands are placed on the material, since otherwise there is a risk that the container will be blown up prematurely due to the inevitable growth of the roots and the growth-restricting effect on the plant will be lost.
• the containers should therefore consist of corrosion-resistant material, preferably they are made of nets made of stainless steel with a wall thickness of approximately 0.1 mm manufactured. Such materials are expensive and can be difficult to obtain.
• the present invention has for its object to achieve plants with permanent dwarfism without having to accept all the disadvantages that are inherent in the method according to the prior art.
• the solution to the problem is based on the surprising finding that root circles in pots made of materials customary for plant pots, such as fired clay, can be effectively prevented if the wall of the plant pot surrounding the root ball, the interior of which has to be chosen to be smaller than that for normal growth is necessary, is equipped with at least one blind channel which runs approximately to the outside and has a small width into which the roots can grow, but the width and length of which is dimensioned such that the roots cannot grow back. Since the entire nutrient substrate has to be accommodated in the interior of the pot, the volume of the space available for root growth, in contrast to the prior art, determines the size of the plant or the extent of the dwarf growth.
• the present invention accordingly relates to a
• the dimensioning of the blind canals is of importance for the effective prevention of the rooting.
• the clear width thereof must at least be dimensioned such that not only fine hair roots can grow into it, but an entire strand of roots.
• the clear width must also not be chosen too large, since the effect according to the invention is based on the fact that the root is prevented from reversing when the blind end is reached, or because of the small width of the blind channel increasing growth, roots becoming stronger close the entrance opening of the channel.
• the clear width of the blind channel according to the invention should therefore not significantly exceed the diameter of a stronger root of the plant to be grown and it will therefore have to be adapted to the plant type to be grown.
• this width of at least a few tenths of a millimeter up to several millimeters, e.g. can be up to 5 to 7 millimeters.
• a certain minimum ratio of the length or the depth of the blind channel to the clear width of the same is observed. It is advantageously between three and six. With a ratio between two and three, there is already a certainty that a reversal will no longer take place, but with some plants, under favorable conditions, a reversal of the root that has grown into the blind canal is not to be completely excluded. A ratio above six has no adverse effects, but it should be noted that this can result in an unwieldy shape of the entire plant pot. In practice, a ratio of four to five has proven particularly useful for most plants in question.
• blind channels usually extend radially outwards from the planting hole, but they can, usually additionally, also extend axially downwards.
• the roots also extend axially downwards. If the root growth now reaches the end of a blind canal, the roots can no longer grow back, because due to the given ratio of length and depth of the blind canal to its clear width, the roots have almost closed the opening of the canal to the planting hole when the tip of the root does so Has reached the end of the blind channel. The expansion of the roots of the plant is thus finished at the time when all roots of the network that are in the
• the wall which surrounds both the planting hole and the blind channel (s) must enable gas exchange in order to ensure optimal ventilation of the roots which are against the wall but are unable to penetrate them.
• the porosity of the wall material which consists of fired clay, pumice stone or similar materials, is selected such that it is permeable to water and, if appropriate, also to nutrients dissolved therein. This enables the plant to be supplied with water and possibly also nutrients through the peripheral wall of the plant pot.
• Plant pot no longer requires any significant restrictions, since the wall material only needs to be soaked with water, but there is no longer any need to transport nutrients through the wall.
• the introduction of the nutrients into the planting hole in the form of a long-term fertilizer with one-way exchange has proven to be particularly advantageous in terms of simple maintenance of the plant, which is advantageously introduced into the substrate, for example admixed with it, before the plant is inserted, so that it is used for maintenance only a periodic water supply is required.
• Another object of the present invention is a plant pot which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention and is made from a material which enables gas exchange, in particular from fired clay, which is characterized by a planting hole which has a or several, optionally symmetrically arranged radially outward and / or axially downward blind channels in the form of a slot arranged upright with respect to the pot bottom, which extends beyond the planting hole in the wall area of the planting hole and / or in the bottom area thereof and its open End opens into the planting hole, is provided, these slit-shaped blind channels having a clear width of at least a few tenths of a millimeter to several millimeters and a depth that is more than twice the clear width.
• Both the planting hole of the plant pot according to the invention and the pot itself can have all possible shapes.
• the planting hole can be round, square or polygonal, its longitudinal section can be of the same diameter throughout, but preferably it tapers towards the bottom in order to attach the plant pot to the traditional nelle shape to adapt.
• the wall of the planting hole can be smooth or corrugated, the latter contributing to an enlargement of the surface and therefore better oxygen and / or water supply.
• the entire plant pot can also be round, square or polygonal, regardless of the shape of the planting hole. It must have a size which is suitable for accommodating the blind channels which extend outward from the planting hole. These blind channels can be located in internals that are inserted into the interior of the plant pot and reduce the volume of the planting hole. It is preferred, however, to provide the plant pot with such a large wall thickness that the slot-shaped blind channels emanating from the plant hole can be accommodated therein.
• a slot-shaped blind channel is present. If several blind channels are provided, they are preferably arranged symmetrically in the plant pot. If there are two or four slot-shaped channels lying opposite one another, it is possible for two each to be connected to one another by a slot extending into the bottom region.
• the slot-shaped blind channels can be of the same length or of different lengths. The latter will be chosen especially for square pots if, according to the bonsai tradition, the planting hole is made asymmetrically in the pot.
• the channels are expediently three to six times as deep as the clear width, preferably their depth is four to five times the clear width.
• the peripheral wall of the plant pot consists of a material which allows gas exchange and is preferably water-permeable, if not permeable to dissolved nutrients, it should, if not a an outer water reservoir is provided on the side, expediently be surrounded on the bottom and on the peripheral walls by a water-impermeable layer in order to avoid water losses due to evaporation to the outside.
• plant pots which, on the other hand, are intended for carrying out the process according to the invention with water or even nutrient supply from the outside, it can simply be placed in a planter made of waterproof material such as glazed ceramic, earthenware, porcelain, plastic, metal or impregnated wood and the like.
• the size of which is such that a gap remains between the planter and the actual planting pot which serves as a reservoir for water or for a nutrient solution.
• This gap can be widened at one point, for example in the case of angular pots at one of the corners, in order to form a pouring hole which facilitates the pouring in of liquid.
• the planter can also lie completely against the outer wall of the porous plant pot.
• the water must be supplied via the planting hole, for which it is expedient to provide the top of the planting pot with a conical inward bevel, so that the introduction of the liquid directly into the substrate in the planting hole is facilitated .
• the upper area of the circumferential wall of the planter should remain free of coatings so that the gas exchange with the atmosphere is as undisturbed as possible.
• FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a plant pot with a planter and gap in between, which serves as a water reservoir;
• FIG. 2 shows a section through the planter shown in plan view according to FIG. 1 along the line A - B;
• Fig. 3 shows a plant pot according to the invention without an outer gap and with a waterproof outer skin.
• Fig. 1 shows a round planting pot 2, which is inserted into a watertight receptacle 4 so that a gap 6 remains in between.
• a round planting hole 8 which tapers downwards in a trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG. 2.
• two mutually opposite blind channels 10 are formed, each of which, as can be seen from FIG. 2, is formed as a slot open at the top, and the continuation of which underneath the bottom of the planting hole 8 connects them to one another.
• the planting hole 8 is filled with substrate 12 and serves to receive a plant 14, the roots 24 of which have already grown into the blind channels 10, as is also shown in FIG. 2 .
• the gap 6 between the receptacle 4 and the plant pot 2 is filled with water 16, which can be easily supplied via a pouring hole 20.
• the wall of the plant pot 2 is made with one
• Fig. 2 evident conical bevel 22 provided, which facilitates the supply of water or nutrient solution in the planting hole 8. With 18 a corrugation of the peripheral surface 9 of the planting hole 8 is designated. Since the water 16 is stored outside the plant pot 2, it must penetrate the porous material of the plant pot 2 before it reaches the root network 24 of the plant 14. The porous material of the plant pot 2 soaks up with water so that the plant 14 is prevented from drying out, if it is overlooked to fill the gap 6 in good time.
• FIG. poses An embodiment of a plant pot according to the invention, in which it is provided with a watertight coating without a space in between, is shown in FIG. poses.
• the reference numerals have the same meaning as in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the water-impermeable cover layer which adheres to the outside of the peripheral wall 3 of the plant pot 2, is designated by 26. Since in this variation of the plant pot according to the invention a supply of water from the outside is not possible, all water must be introduced into the planting hole 8, for which purpose the bevel 22 also present here is used.
• any modification of the plant pots shown here in terms of shape, number and arrangement of the blind channels etc. is also possible. For example, there is no need to extend the blind channels into the floor area.
• the method according to the invention and the plant pot according to the invention to obtain visually appealing dwarf growth forms of ornamental plants without great effort and without special specialist knowledge.
• the method described so far does not only extend to ornamental plants, it is also possible to use the method according to the invention to cultivate useful plants in dwarfism, which has advantages in plant breeding, for example. It is important that the dwarfism achieved according to the invention has no effects on the genetic material and that if the described influence on the roots does not occur, for example when repotting in a conventional pot or in natural soil, normal growth can be achieved again immediately.

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• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)
• Hydroponics (AREA)
• Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
• Golf Clubs (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Led Device Packages (AREA)
• Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

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ID=25822922

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• 1985
  • 1985-03-27 CA CA000477575A patent/CA1272601A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1985-03-28 BR BR8501421A patent/BR8501421A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-04-01 NZ NZ211643A patent/NZ211643A/xx unknown
  • 1985-04-26 AU AU41743/85A patent/AU587575B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1985-06-24 AT AT0186285A patent/AT382064B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-07-05 WO PCT/DE1985/000233 patent/WO1986000493A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1985-07-05 AU AU46029/85A patent/AU4602985A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1985-07-05 EP EP85903223A patent/EP0188469A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1985-07-05 DE DE85DE8500233T patent/DE3590314D2/de not_active Expired
  • 1985-07-11 EP EP85108675A patent/EP0174461B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1985-07-11 AT AT85108675T patent/ATE33329T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-07-11 DE DE8585108675T patent/DE3562063D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1985-07-12 PT PT80803A patent/PT80803B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-07-12 IL IL75784A patent/IL75784A0/xx unknown
  • 1985-07-12 FR FR8510750A patent/FR2567360B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1985-07-12 IT IT21552/85A patent/IT1185245B/it active
  • 1985-07-12 ES ES545157A patent/ES8802601A1/es not_active Expired
• 1986
  • 1986-03-11 NO NO860914A patent/NO860914L/no unknown
  • 1986-03-11 FI FI861008A patent/FI84007C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1986-03-13 DK DK116986A patent/DK167595B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1986-07-31 ES ES1986295690U patent/ES295690Y/es not_active Expired
• 1989
  • 1989-03-16 US US07/324,967 patent/US4908984A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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