CN113179698A - Method for improving biodiversity in desertification region - Google Patents
Method for improving biodiversity in desertification region Download PDFInfo
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- CN113179698A CN113179698A CN202110482922.0A CN202110482922A CN113179698A CN 113179698 A CN113179698 A CN 113179698A CN 202110482922 A CN202110482922 A CN 202110482922A CN 113179698 A CN113179698 A CN 113179698A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 107
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 244000234281 Tamarix gallica Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000014265 Tamarix gallica Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001632052 Haloxylon ammodendron Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000938605 Crocodylia Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000002066 Amorpha fruticosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004047 Amorpha fruticosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000008917 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000000554 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000112525 Salix psammophila Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000001417 Vigna umbellata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011453 Vigna umbellata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000029602 competition with other organism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 drought Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a method for improving biodiversity in a desertification area, which relates to the field of desertification land restoration and treatment and comprises the following steps: s1, determining an area to be repaired; measuring the area of the desert to be restored, dividing the desert to be restored into block-shaped regions to be restored, marking the regions, and designating the sequence of restoration treatment; s2, laying sand barriers; constructing a sand barrier at an area to be repaired; s3, planting dominant plants; selecting dominant species from local psammophytes to plant by using a principle of being suitable for trees; s4, planting leguminous shrub plants; selecting leguminous shrubs and dominant plants for mixed planting; s5, planting leguminous herbaceous plants; and planting leguminous herbaceous plants after the dominant plants and the leguminous shrubs are planted for one year. The application has the advantages of improving the biological diversity of the desertification area and improving the desert control effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of desertification land restoration and treatment, in particular to a method for improving biodiversity in a desertification area.
Background
Desert, also called desert, is a desert called fully sandy, and refers to areas where the ground is completely covered by sand, drought, water shortage, and scarce plants. The causes of desert generation are many, including excessive grazing, unreasonable felling of trees, etc.
The desert control is difficult: 1. the water retention is poor, the surface layer of the desert is provided with a deep fine sand layer, the gaps among the fine sand are large, and the universal combination constraint among the fine sand is basically zero. So most of the rainwater can directly run off from the gaps between the fine sands to the deep desert where the plant root system can not reach. Simultaneously, desert daytime temperature is high, and sheltering from of no vegetation leads to moisture evaporation fast, even after rainy, the rainwater also can evaporate fast. 2. The fertilizer retention property is poor, the structure of the desert soil is damaged, soil nutrients are lost, meanwhile, the viscosity between fine sands is insufficient, so that the nutrients cannot be attached to the surfaces of the fine sands, and the plants cannot be naturally supplied with the nutrients.
At present, when desert control is carried out, desert plants such as tamarix chinensis, salix mongolica, haloxylon ammodendron and the like are generally directly planted on the desert, and the desert is greened and controlled.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors consider that, in the desertification control, the desert plants such as tamarix chinensis, salix mongolica and haloxylon ammodendron are planted, so that the plant species in the desert are single, and the animals attracted by the single plant species are single, and a complex community is difficult to form.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the biodiversity in desertification area, improve desert control effect, this application provides a method that desertification area promotes biodiversity.
The application provides a method for improving biodiversity in a desertification area, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving biodiversity in a desertification region comprises the following steps:
s1, determining an area to be repaired;
measuring the area of the desert to be restored, dividing the desert to be restored into block-shaped regions to be restored, marking the regions, and designating the sequence of restoration treatment;
s2, laying sand barriers;
constructing a sand barrier at an area to be repaired;
s3, planting dominant plants;
selecting dominant species from local psammophytes to plant by using a principle of being suitable for trees;
s4, planting leguminous shrub plants;
selecting leguminous shrubs and dominant plants for mixed planting;
s5, planting leguminous herbaceous plants;
and planting leguminous herbaceous plants after the dominant plants and the leguminous shrubs are planted for one year.
By adopting the technical scheme, when ecological management is carried out in the desertification area, the sand barriers are arranged firstly to block sand blown by the wind, so that the plants planted on the sand to be restored are prevented from being eroded. Then planting dominant plants, primarily repairing sandy land, fixing sand and providing conditions for subsequent plant planting. After the dominant plants are planted and the dominant plants grow for a period of time, the staff plant leguminous shrubs, and the leguminous shrubs and the dominant plants are planted in a crossed mode and then on the sand to be repaired, so that the leguminous shrubs and the dominant plants are complementary in advantages, and the content of trace elements in the soil is increased for the plants to grow. After the dominant plants and the leguminous shrubs are planted for one year, leguminous herbaceous plants are planted, the competition relationship among species is increased, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, meanwhile, habitat and food are provided for desert insects and reptiles, and the biodiversity is increased.
Optionally, the leguminous shrub and dominant plant mixed planting ratio is that of the dominant plant: leguminous plants = 5: 3.
by adopting the technical scheme, nutrients can be conveniently provided for the growth of dominant plants, the ecological diversity can be increased, the competition among species is improved, and the ecological imbalance caused by excessive quantity among different species can be avoided.
Optionally, the leguminous shrubs are cross-planted in soil when mixed with dominant plants.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plants are planted together in the same area in a mixed manner, so that different plants are planted in a crossed manner, and the biological diversity in one area is improved.
Optionally, when the sand barrier is laid, the sand barrier is constructed by adopting sand willow branches.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sand barriers can be conveniently arranged, the salix mongolica can be spliced in a cuttage mode, and the germination rate of salix mongolica branches can be effectively increased.
Optionally, when the dominant plants are planted, a planting mode of cuttage and seedling mixing is adopted.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for the dominant plant is planted through the planting mode of difference, grows when making things convenient for the dominant plant to plant, reduces the interference that brings when single planting mode can't grow.
Optionally, when leguminous shrub plants are planted, a planting mode of sowing and seedling mixing is adopted.
By adopting the technical scheme, the leguminous shrub plants are planted in different planting modes, the leguminous shrub plants grow conveniently when planted, and interference caused by the fact that a single planting mode cannot grow is reduced.
Optionally, when leguminous herbaceous plants are planted, a planting mode of sowing and seedling mixing is adopted.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for the leguminous herbaceous plant is planted through the planting mode of difference, grows when making things convenient for leguminous herbaceous plant to plant, reduces the interference that brings when single planting mode can't grow.
Optionally, when planting the plants, different plants are planted at different depths.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can begin to prick the root at the degree of depth of difference when letting plant growth, carry out ecological improvement to the desert from the multi-layer multi-type angle.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. different plants are planted in batches, so that the sand restoration effect is improved, and the ecological diversity of the restoration area is improved;
2. by mixing and cross planting various plants, the ecological diversity in the area is increased;
3. by planting multiple plants at different depths, the growth of the plants is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method for improving biodiversity in a desertified area in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The embodiment of the application discloses a method for improving biodiversity in a desertification area. Referring to fig. 1, the method for improving biodiversity in a desertified area includes the steps of:
s1, determining an area to be repaired;
measuring the area of the desert to be restored, dividing the desert to be restored into block-shaped regions to be restored, marking the regions, and designating the restoration and treatment sequence. And selecting the first repairing area as the area for first repairing and treating. On the terrain, the sand can be leveled, and a semi-fixed sand dune and a moving sand dune can be formed.
S2, laying sand barriers;
the method comprises the steps of constructing an insertion type salix mongolica sand barrier by adopting salix mongolica branches, selecting 3-year-old salix mongolica branches with the diameter of about 1cm, wherein the branch length is 1.2-1.5m, the specification of the sand barrier is 4m multiplied by 4m, and the cuttage depth is 0.8-1.1 m.
S3, planting dominant plants;
by utilizing the principle of being suitable for trees in proper places, dominant species are selected from local psammophytes for planting, and the psammophytes such as tamarix chinensis, salix mongolica and haloxylon ammodendron can be selected as the dominant species for sand fixation, so that successful settlement is achieved, the microenvironment and microclimate are improved, and favorable conditions are created for later same species or different species.
The tamarix chinensis is planted in a cuttage mode, plants with the seedling age of 3 years, the seedling length of 80cm and the diameter at breast height of 1cm are selected, the planting depth is 65-70cm, and planting is carried out according to the plant spacing of 2cm and the row spacing of 2 cm.
Salix psammophila adopts cuttage planting method, and selects plants with seedling age of 3 years, seedling length of 100cm and diameter at breast height of 1cm, planting depth of 80-90cm, and planting according to plant spacing of 300cm and row spacing of 200 cm.
The haloxylon ammodendron adopts a seedling planting mode, plants with the seedling age of 2 years, the seedling length of 40cm and the diameter at breast height of 2cm are selected, the planting depth is 20cm, and the plants are planted according to the plant spacing of 300cm and the row spacing of 200 cm.
The specification of the nursery stock is as follows:
| species (II) | Planting mode | Miao age (year) | Seedling length (cm) | Chest diameter (cm) | Depth of planting (cm) | Line space (cm) | Plant spacing (cm) |
| Chinese tamarisk | Cutting | 3 | 80 | 1 | 65-70 | 2 | 2 |
| Salix psammophila (L.) Schott | Cutting | 3 | 100 | 1 | 80-90 | 200 | 300 |
| Shuttle | Seedling and seedling | 2 | 40 | 2 | 20 | 200 | 300 |
S4, planting leguminous shrub plants;
2-3 species of leguminous shrubs and dominant plants are selected for mixed planting, and the mixed planting proportion is that of the dominant plants: leguminous plants = 5: 3, the fertilizer is mainly used for fixing nitrogen and increasing fertilizer for soil and providing necessary nutrients for growth of dominant plants.
Through intra-species or inter-species competition, dominant species colonize and reproduce offspring, and disadvantaged species are rejected, and species coexisting in the process of mutual competition reach relative balance in the aspect of resource utilization.
Wherein, plant species such as flower sticks, poplar, amorpha fruticosa and the like can be selected and mixed in the soil to carry out ecological restoration on the soil.
The flower stick adopts a planting mode of sowing seeds, 5kg of seeds are planted in each mu, the planting depth is 4cm, and the seeds are uniformly planted in the soil.
The poplar adopts a seed sowing planting mode, 7kg of seeds are planted in each mu, the planting depth is 4cm, and the seeds are uniformly planted in the soil.
The amorpha fruticosa is planted by adopting a seedling planting mode, selecting plants with the seedling age of 2 years, the seedling length of 60cm and the ground diameter of 50cm, planting depth of 20cm, and planting according to the plant spacing of 20cm and the row spacing of 50 cm.
The specification of the nursery stock is as follows:
s5, planting leguminous herbaceous plants;
and planting leguminous herbaceous plants after the dominant plants and the leguminous shrubs are planted for one year. The leguminous herbaceous plant has the functions of fixing nitrogen and increasing fertilizer, providing nutrients for other plants, increasing the competition relationship among species, reducing the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, and simultaneously providing habitat and food for desert insects and reptiles and increasing biological diversity.
Through competition of species, resource utilization is more sufficient and effective, a community structure is more perfect, the species composition and the quantity proportion are relatively fixed, the community structure is complex, and the number of layers is multiple.
Wherein, the plant species such as Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, red bean grass, alfalfa and the like can be selected to be mixed and planted in the soil to carry out ecological restoration on the soil.
The Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is planted in a seedling planting mode, plants with the seedling age of 2 years, the seedling length of 25cm and the ground diameter of 0.4cm are selected, the planting depth is 28cm, and the plants are planted according to the plant spacing of 40cm and the row spacing of 30 cm.
The pinus red bean grass is planted in a seed sowing mode, 3kg of seeds are planted in each mu of field, and the seeds with the planting depth of 4cm are uniformly planted in the soil.
The alfalfa is planted in a seed sowing mode, 1.5 seeds are planted in each mu, the planting depth is 2cm, and the seeds are uniformly planted in the soil.
The specification of the nursery stock is as follows:
when plants are planted, different plants are planted in a mixed mode in a crossed mode and at different depths, and soil is layered and repaired in batches at multi-level and multi-species angles.
The implementation principle of the method for improving the biodiversity in the desertification region is as follows: when ecological management is carried out in the desertification area, a sand barrier is arranged firstly to block sand blown by the wind and prevent the plants planted on the sand to be restored from being eroded. Then planting dominant plants, primarily repairing sandy land, fixing sand and providing conditions for subsequent plant planting. After the dominant plants are planted and the dominant plants grow for a period of time, the staff plant leguminous shrubs, and the leguminous shrubs and the dominant plants are planted in a crossed mode and then on the sand to be repaired, so that the leguminous shrubs and the dominant plants are complementary in advantages, and the content of trace elements in the soil is increased for the plants to grow. After the dominant plants and the leguminous shrubs are planted for one year, leguminous herbaceous plants are planted, the competition relationship among species is increased, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, meanwhile, habitat and food are provided for desert insects and reptiles, and the biodiversity is increased.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving biodiversity in a desertification region is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining an area to be repaired;
measuring the area of the desert to be restored, dividing the desert to be restored into block-shaped regions to be restored, marking the regions, and designating the sequence of restoration treatment;
s2, laying sand barriers;
constructing a sand barrier at an area to be repaired;
s3, planting dominant plants;
selecting dominant species from local psammophytes to plant by using a principle of being suitable for trees;
s4, planting leguminous shrub plants;
selecting leguminous shrubs and dominant plants for mixed planting;
s5, planting leguminous herbaceous plants;
and planting leguminous herbaceous plants after the dominant plants and the leguminous shrubs are planted for one year.
2. The method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed planting proportion of the leguminous shrubs and the dominant plants is that of the dominant plants: leguminous plants = 5: 3.
3. the method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: the leguminous shrubs are planted in the soil in a crossed manner when being mixed with dominant plants.
4. The method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: when the sand barrier is laid, the sand barrier is built in an insertion type by adopting the sand willow branches.
5. The method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: when planting dominant plants, a planting mode of cuttage and seedling mixing is adopted.
6. The method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: when leguminous shrub plants are planted, a planting mode of sowing and seedling mixing is adopted.
7. The method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: when leguminous herbaceous plants are planted, a planting mode of seeding and seedling mixing is adopted.
8. The method of enhancing biodiversity in a desertified area according to claim 1, wherein: when planting plants, different plants are planted at different depths.
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| CN202110482922.0A CN113179698A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Method for improving biodiversity in desertification region |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115568381A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-06 | 鄂尔多斯市林业和草原调查勘验中心 | Method for controlling grassland desertification land by using ecological vegetation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115568381A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-06 | 鄂尔多斯市林业和草原调查勘验中心 | Method for controlling grassland desertification land by using ecological vegetation |
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Application publication date: 20210730 |
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