CN114258815A - Rapid sand fixation treatment method for moving dune - Google Patents
Rapid sand fixation treatment method for moving dune Download PDFInfo
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- CN114258815A CN114258815A CN202111564296.6A CN202111564296A CN114258815A CN 114258815 A CN114258815 A CN 114258815A CN 202111564296 A CN202111564296 A CN 202111564296A CN 114258815 A CN114258815 A CN 114258815A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241001670242 Artemisia filifolia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000015702 Artemisia filifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001661344 Artemisia desertorum Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000005492 Artemisia desertorum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000593508 Garcinia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000000885 Garcinia xanthochymus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000223025 Caragana microphylla Species 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000009051 Ambrosia paniculata var. peruviana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003097 Artemisia absinthium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017731 Artemisia dracunculus ssp. dracunculus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006891 Artemisia vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003261 Artemisia vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000306301 Caesalpinia sappan Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015162 Caesalpinia sappan Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000721662 Juniperus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000521421 Lespedeza frutescens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000427250 Moehringia Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000186561 Swietenia macrophylla Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001138 artemisia absinthium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 240000006053 Garcinia mangostana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017048 Garcinia mangostana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001521402 Maackia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
In order to rapidly control the fluidity of a moving sand dune caused by wind erosion, on the basis of establishing a physical sand barrier, a fast-growing sand-fixing plant is selected, and a moving sand dune treatment method capable of rapidly forming a sand-fixing effect is established. The physical sand barrier is grass square grids made of straws, a grass square grid physical sand barrier is built on the surface of the flowing sand dune, the specification of the grass square grids is 1m multiplied by 1m, and the height of the ground surface of a grass square grid material is kept to be 20-30 cm. Selecting fast-growing species of the sand-fixing plants, namely, the astragalus membranaceus as main planting species, wherein the row spacing of the planting plants is 1m multiplied by 1m, and the planting points are the central points of every other grass square grids; the preparation species select the rapidly growing herbaceous sand-fixing plant sand sagebrush (the sand sagebrush is planted by a broadcast sowing method, the sowing amount is 750-. After the species combination sand fixation mode is implemented, vegetation coverage of more than 40% can be quickly formed in 1-2 years, the fixation of a moving sand dune can be quickly realized, the movement of the sand dune is effectively controlled, and the method is a quick-acting moving sand dune quick treatment technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sand prevention and control, relates to a quick fixing method for a moving dune by selecting a combination of fast-growing sand-fixing shrubs and herbs on the basis of establishing a physical sand barrier, is a technical method for realizing quick control of the moving dune, and can meet the quick control requirements of surrounding moving dunes such as sand-passing roads, railways, power transmission lines and the like.
Background
China has achieved huge achievement in sand storm hazard treatment, and walks the front of world sand storm hazard prevention and control. The cause, type and degree of sand wind hazard are basically revealed in theory. In practice, various engineering measures and biological measures for preventing and treating the wind and sand hazards are explored, a sand control strategy combining solid-based and solid-resistant is established, and a series of wind and sand hazard control modes according to local conditions are established.
The method has the advantages that the method has remarkable effect on the moving dune governing engineering, effectively improves the environment harmed by wind and sand, ensures the smooth development of the operation activities of the farming and animal husbandry, and drives the local economic development and the environmental improvement. However, with the continuous development of the economic and living standards of China, new requirements are put forward for the sand dune treatment project, for example, under certain specific conditions, the moving sand dune needs to be rapidly treated, the full control of the moving sand dune is realized in a short time, but the current wind sand treatment technology still adopts the traditional sand fixing technology system, the targeted moving sand dune rapid treatment technical measures are lacked, and particularly the requirements for the moving sand dune rapid treatment project along the periphery of the railway, the highway, the power transmission line and the like are particularly needed, so that the treatment technology capable of rapidly and effectively controlling the moving sand dune to move is needed. The technology takes the rapid fixation of the moving dune as a target, preferably selects a sand barrier material suitable for local use and a suitable specification, selects a suitable fast-growing sand-fixing plant species and reasonably configures to form the technology for rapid fixation of the moving dune and vegetation reconstruction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situation of the defects of the current quick treatment technology of the moving dune, the invention realizes the quick treatment target of the moving dune by arranging the technology of the physical sand barrier on the surface of the moving dune and planting the combination of the types of the quick-growing sand-fixing plants in the sand barrier.
A rapid sand-fixing treatment method of a moving dune,
1) firstly, constructing a grass square physical sand barrier on the surface of a flowing dune;
2) the fast-growing sand-fixing plants of the Garcinia hancei and the Artemisia desertorum are selectively planted on a sand dune to form mixed vegetation.
The sand barrier specification is (0.8-1.2m) × (0.8-1.2m), preferably 1m × 1 m; the grass square is formed by burying straw of herbaceous crop partially into sand dune surface soil, wherein the herbaceous crop is one or more of straw and wheat straw, the burying depth is 10-20cm (preferably 12-15cm), and the residual height of herbaceous crop on the ground is 15-35cm (preferably 20-30 cm).
Radix astragali is 2 year old seedling, with plant row spacing of 0.8-1.2m × 0.8-1.2m, preferably 1m × 1 m;
sowing sand sagebrush seeds at a sowing amount of 750-.
The planting point of the astragalus membranaceus is the geometric central point of each grass square.
The physical sand barrier is grass square grids made of straws, a grass square grid physical sand barrier is established on the surface of a flowing sand dune, the specification of the grass square grids is 1m multiplied by 1m, and the height of the ground surface is kept to be 20-30 cm. Selecting fast-growing radix Garciniae (Hedysarum frutescens Pall.) as a main planting species for sand-fixing plant species, wherein the row spacing of the planting plants is 1m multiplied by 1m, and the planting point is the central point of each grass square; the preparation species select the herbaceous sand-fixing plant Artemisia desertorum (Artemisia desertorum Spreng. Syst. Veg.) which grows rapidly, the Artemisia desertorum is planted by adopting a broadcast sowing mode, and the sowing quantity is 750-. After the species combination mode is implemented, vegetation coverage of more than 40% can be quickly formed in 1-2 years, the fixation of a moving dune can be quickly realized, the activity of the dune is effectively controlled, and the method is a quick-acting method for quickly treating the moving dune.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical floating sand dune sand-fixation vegetation formation process;
FIG. 2 shows the formation speed comparison of different plant row spacing vegetation coverage of Mount Sand, Garcinia milkvetch;
FIG. 3 shows the seeding rate of shifting sand dune desert wormwood and the number of stored seedlings and the coverage;
FIG. 4 model of fast remediation technology for moving dunes pre-remediation landscape (2016) (Tanky Tanshi Suyuen road, N42058 '22.9 ", E119036' 36.1, Lexus avenue, Tanshan, Chifeng);
fig. 5 post-remediation landscape (2017) by the rapid remediation technical model of moving dunes (monster, mahogany ashhamia sappanwood sudu highway, N42058 '22.9 ", E119036' 36.1") in akafeng city;
fig. 6 post-remediation landscape (2018) by the rapid remediation technical model of moving dunes (monster, mahogany ashhamia sappanwood sudu highway, N42058 '22.9 ", E119036' 36.1"), akangen, zetimid, monster, jungle, 22.9, and jungle, junipers, and, jungle, junipers, and, or, jungle, or.
Detailed Description
The main technology comprises the setting of physical sand barriers and the combined configuration of fast-growing sand-fixing plants. The method is characterized in that:
1. technology for constructing physical sand barrier on surface of moving dune
The construction method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing a physical sand barrier on the surface of a flowing sand dune, selecting straws as construction materials, selecting 1m multiplied by 1m as the specification of the sand barrier, and completely covering the surface of the sand dune with grass squares. The straw part is buried in sand dune surface soil to form a grass square grid, the buried depth is 12-15cm, and the residual height of the grass and wood crop ground is 20-30 cm.
2. Fast-growing sand-fixing plant species and configuration
In order to quickly generate the sand fixing effect of the moving sand dune, the technology utilizes the growth speed advantage of specific sand plants and selects the combined configuration of fast-growing sand plants to realize the aims of quickly fixing (vegetation coverage is more than 40%) and stably maintaining (>5 years) the moving sand dune. The technical mode selects fast-growing garcinia tragantica astragalus (Hedysarum frutescens Pall.) as a main planting species, 2-year-old garcinia tragantica seedlings are selected for planting, the row spacing of the planted plants is 1m multiplied by 1m, and a planting point is the central point of each grass square; the sand-fixing plant Artemisia desertorum (Artemisia desertorum Spreng. Syst. Veg.) which grows rapidly is selected for the configured species, and the Artemisia desertorum is planted in a broadcast sowing mode, and the sowing quantity is 900 g/mu. By applying the technical mode, a test is carried out in a sanddune area of Greenwich West Greek of Colqin sand, the type of an original place is a flowing dune, the test area is 300 mu, a single-species sand fixation mode comparison area, a traditional-species combination mode comparison area and a mazzo Huangqi + sandwort combined test area are respectively arranged in the test area, grass square sand fixation engineering construction is firstly carried out in 3 months of the year, 1 mx 1m grass squares completely covering the surface of the flowing dune are constructed, planting work of mazzo Huangqi seedlings and other test-related seedlings is completed in ten days in 4 months, and the seeding work of the sandwort is completed in 6 middle ten days of the month.
Research results show that the sand-fixing vegetation can be effectively accelerated by the combined mode of the artemisia desertorum and the astragalus membranaceus. As can be seen from fig. 1, the combination mode and the single species sand fixation mode have found that the conventional single shrub species (caragana microphylla, astragalus membranaceus, salix microphylla) sand fixation mode can form stable and effective sand fixation vegetation (the vegetation coverage reaches or exceeds 40%) usually 4-6 years, and taking the widely used single species sand fixation mode of caragana microphylla and astragalus membranaceus as an example, the vegetation coverage is only 20-25% 3 years after the caragana microphylla and astragalus membranaceus are planted on a moving dune according to the conventional density (1 mx 1m), and the effective sand fixation effect can be generated more than 40% 5 years later. Compared with the single sand stabilization mode, the combined mode discovers that the single sand stabilization mode can quickly form effective sand stabilization vegetations (the coverage can reach 40% in the second year of sowing), but the persistence is not enough, the vegetation declines rapidly after 4 years, and the effective coverage is lower than 30%.
Compared with other multi-species combination modes, the combination mode discovers that compared with a caragana microphylla + salix microphylla mode (the test area is 50 mu, the sand fixing mode and the planting density are the same as the mode in the step 1) and a caragana microphylla + salix microphylla mode (the test area is 50 mu, the sand fixing mode and the planting density are the same as the mode in the step 1) which are commonly used in production, the sand fixing mode of the combination (artemisia desertorum + mangosteen astragalus membranaceus) can rapidly form effective sand fixing vegetation coverage (40-45%) (table 1) by utilizing the quick growth property (the second year) of the artemisia desertorum in the initial stage of planting, the vegetation coverage forming speed is obviously higher than that of the other 2 combination modes, and the higher vegetation coverage (50-60%) can be maintained in the later stage (3-5 years). Therefore, from the viewpoint of growth rate and growth persistence, the technical model species combination is selected from the combination of artemisia desertorum + astragalus membranaceus.
TABLE 1 comparison of coverage formation rates of different species of combined sand-fixation vegetation
Meanwhile, in order to determine the problem of plant row spacing of species configuration in the technical mode, different plant row spacing processing gradients of the mauritius are set in the research and development process of the technology, and comparison shows that in 4 different plant row spacing processing steps (the test areas are respectively 20 mu, planting is carried out under the condition that the physical sand barriers on the surface of the flowing sand dune in the step 1 are set, meanwhile, the sowing amount is 900 g/mu, and the vegetation coverage is slower under the condition of large plant row spacing processing (2 mx 2m and 1 mx 2m), and more than 40% of effective sand fixing coverage can be formed after 4 years; although effective vegetation coverage (45% in the second year) can be formed rapidly by treating the plants with smaller plant spacing of 1m multiplied by 0.5m, the vegetation coverage in the later period of the third year is reduced rapidly to 35% in the fifth year due to the gradual enhancement of individual competition generated along with the growth of the plants; through comparison, the vegetation coverage of the astragalus membranaceus in the second year can form effective sand-fixing coverage (> 40%) under the row spacing condition of 1m multiplied by 1m, the growth of the astragalus membranaceus in the later period is stable, and the vegetation coverage can reach 60% by the fifth year, so that the reasonable row spacing of the astragalus membranaceus is set to be 1m multiplied by 1m by the technology. As shown in fig. 2.
The tests of different artemisia desertorum seeding rates show that under the condition of artemisia desertorum seeds with the common germination rate of 75%, the method of sowing is adopted to plant artemisia desertorum, 4 seeding rate treatments are set (the test areas are respectively 20 mu, the plant row spacing of the maackia tradinioides is 1m multiplied by 1m under the condition of setting the physical sand barriers on the surface of the flowing sand dune in the step 1), the sand fixing effect is analyzed by comparing and investigating the seedling number and vegetation coverage in the second year after sowing, and the result shows that the seedling number of 750 g/mu and the seedling number treated in the second year is more than 15 seedlings/m2The covering degree is more than 25 percent, the covering degree requirement of the floating sand dune desert wormwood can be basically met, and the sowing quantity of 750-1000 g/mu can meet the requirement of the technology in consideration of the sowing quantity and the economical efficiency of the effect. As shown in fig. 3.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages: the technology can form vegetation coverage of more than 40% on the surface of the moving dune within 1-2 years, can quickly realize the fixation of the moving dune, effectively control the activity of the dune, and is a quick-acting method for quickly treating the moving dune. The invention is suitable for engineering construction of sand-penetrating roads, railways, power transmission lines and the like needing to quickly fix moving dunes.
Claims (4)
1. A quick sand fixation treatment method for a moving dune is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, constructing a grass square physical sand barrier on the surface of a flowing dune;
2) the fast-growing sand-fixing plants of the Garcinia hancei and the Artemisia desertorum are selectively planted on a sand dune to form mixed vegetation.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the sand barrier specification is (0.8-1.2m) × (0.8-1.2m), preferably 1m × 1 m; the grass square is formed by burying straw of herbaceous crop partially into sand dune surface soil, wherein the herbaceous crop is one or more of straw and wheat straw, the burying depth is 10-20cm (preferably 12-15cm), and the residual height of herbaceous crop on the ground is 15-35cm (preferably 20-30 cm).
3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
radix astragali is 2 year old seedling, with plant row spacing of 0.8-1.2m × 0.8-1.2m, preferably 1m × 1 m;
sowing sand sagebrush seeds at a sowing amount of 750-.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the planting point of the astragalus membranaceus is the geometric central point of each grass square.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115211330A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-21 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Method for arranging sand-protecting barrier of sand sagebrush on moving dune |
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| CN103556618A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-05 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting quick ecological restoration of moving dune |
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- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111564296.6A patent/CN114258815A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103556618A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-05 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting quick ecological restoration of moving dune |
| CN104885752A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Dry desert zone sand binder planting method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115211330A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-21 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Method for arranging sand-protecting barrier of sand sagebrush on moving dune |
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