CN109169132A - A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation methods, and this method comprises the following steps: 1) site preparation, 2) is laid with anti-grass cloth, 3) washes seedling, and 4) disinfection；5) preparation of backfill, 6) transplanting, 7) watering, 8) the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, 9) fertilising.Compared with traditional cultural method, this process simplify the Complicated Flow of cultivation, optimizes, improves a series of conventional means and method, provide technical example, improve the survival rate of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling, effectively increase cultivation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, in particular to a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field Efficient Cultivation side
Method.
Background technique
Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait is flowering bulb also known as Amaryllis vittata, hundred lotuses of Amaryllidaceae etc., originates in Central and South America.As high-grade ball
Root flowers, Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait are cultivated extensively in countries in the world, and China is also carrying out plantation extensively in recent years, and potting is more common, mainly exists
It is deep to be liked by general public based on New Year's Day, lunar New Year flowers and family-raise.Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait likes warm environment, is rich in humus, dredges
Loose, fertile slightly biased alkaline sandy loam.In order to meet the needs of market is to Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, multi-pass crosses the mode of Plant Tissue Breeding at present
It carries out fast-propagation and transplants in crop field.For tissue-cultured seedling enter the field production stage predominantly wash seedling, disinfection, hardening, transplanting,
The a series of complex processes such as watering, fertilising, weeding, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the not only environment of complex, each process of production process
Condition is also difficult control, the hardening such as in greenhouse, needs its environmental condition of strict control, too high or too low for temperature, soil
The control such as moisture is bad, seriously affects the growth of seedling and survives, under causing productivity effect relatively low.For present situation, this hair
It is bright that the field production stage is directly entered without carrying out hardening by pre-processing using a kind of efficient, convenient and fast cultural method, and
Each cultivation link is improved, survival rate is not only improved, time and cost are greatly reduced.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is the high standard of the cumbersome and practical cultivation for current conventional cultivation method and height to want
It asks, to the situation that actual production causes time, cost, manpower largely to consume, provides a kind of efficient and convenient cultural method, be applicable in
In the double dragons of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait kind and same veriety similar with its biological characteristics.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method, this method comprises the following steps:
1) site preparation after trench digging, first ploughs deeply soil, rakes, and marks field planting row, with the mode of machinery trench digging according to depth 8-
15cm and width 30-50cm carries out ditching operation to field planting row, outputs field planting ditch, and trench digging is routed up to uniform twist of the soil come and is sprinkling upon
Field planting in the ranks, applies 30-50 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer in field planting row and is used as base fertilizer；
2) is laid with anti-grass cloth, the anti-grass cloth with planting hole is layed on field planting ditch, the field planting central point of hole of anti-grass cloth
Transverse and longitudinal spacing is (20-50) × (20-40) cm, bore dia 5-10cm；
3) washes seedling, chooses the tissue-cultured seedling for meeting field-transplanting standard, tissue-cultured seedling bottle is moved to from tissue culture room and washes seedling
Between, room temperature is 20-25 DEG C, and bottle cap is unscrewed, and is taken out tissue-cultured seedling from tissue culture bottle after placing 2-5 days, with clear water by tissue-cultured seedling
On agar medium rinse well, and guarantee clove and root without any damage；
4) is sterilized；
5) preparation of backfill stirs evenly according to the volume ratio of 1:3-1:5 vermiculite and original soil standby as backfill
With；
6) is transplanted, and will be transported to crop field to spare tissue-cultured seedling after disinfection, and directly transplanting is in whole good crop field, in punching
Transplanting；Spare backfill is got out, is backfilled immediately in the surrounding of hole hole plant seedling；(survival rate is effectively ensured)
7) waters, and when plant sprinkles profoundly water, and transplants initial stage depending on actual conditions depending on, and basic guarantee water content of soil is 12-
18%, while ponding is prevented, it is watered by the way of root filling or foliage spray, spends the cultivation laundering period to seedling, it is dry in line with seeing
See that wet principle is watered.
Further, this method further includes the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: summer sprays the carbendazim MnZn and 60%-70% of 30-60%
500-800 times of Sandofan；Two kinds of medicaments are used alternatingly, each medication interval time is 2-3 weeks；Winter is alternatively administered,
Between be divided into monthly.
Further, this method further includes applying fertilizer, the fragrant plant field high tower compound fertilizer of application in every 3-6 weeks (N:P:K=15:15:
15) and the more compound fertilizer (N:P:K=20:20:20) is spent, fertilising is 10-30 kilograms per acre, in addition while per acre is affixed by phosphorus
10-30 kilograms of acid dihydride potassium.
Preferably, anti-grass cloth tiles according to the soil body form of the low ditch of high ridge in step 2), and along a line in ditch
The spacing of 30-50cm is kept to be fixed with anti-grass cloth fixed pin.(play effectively prevent it is weedy, keep soil moisture, be anti-
Worm, heat preservation, ventilative, permeable effect.)
Preferably, the clove for the tissue-cultured seedling chosen in step 3) is 2cm, a length of 5-20cm of leaf.
Preferably, the sterilisation step are as follows: be diluted to carbendazim solution after the solution of 1/1000-1/3000 as water
In bucket, then the tissue-cultured seedling rinsed well is put into after being impregnated 5-20 minutes in bucket and is taken out, being put in room temperature is 20-25 DEG C, air
Humidity is that cool place 12-48 hours is spare in the room 50%-80%.
Preferably, organic fertilizer described in step 1) is formed by chicken manure retting.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) tissue-cultured seedling enters field planting, generally requires the hardening transition carried out during tissue-cultured seedling to crop field, generally needs
Greenhouse hardening is carried out, climatic environment and edaphic condition for greenhouse all have higher requirements, and are the Efficient Cultivation of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait
The investment of regular hour and fund is brought, the feeding process of pipe is more demanding, and it is time-consuming and laborious, and tissue-cultured seedling proposed by the present invention passes through
It can be directly entered field planting after proper treatment, manage and support process simplification, method is simple, strong operability, low in cost.
2) compared with traditional cultural method, this process simplify the Complicated Flow of cultivation, optimize, improve it is a series of often
Rule means and method, provide technical example, improve the survival rate of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling, effectively increase cultivation efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.The present invention is
A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method is by entering field production after indoor tissue-cultured seedling is carried out particular procedure
Method.
Case Experiments On A is carried out in Dongguan City Huizhou proving ground little Jin Kou, and soil types is mainly red earth, and organic matter contains
Measure it is lower, in acidity.Test is divided into two pieces, one piece of 400m2(20m × 20m) uses efficient cultivation method of the invention, separately
100m separately is arranged near control block as check plot in one piece of equivalent specifications2The greenhouse hardening area of (10m × 10m) selects leech
Masonry is hardening matrix, and seedling is placed in hardening greenhouse to the hardening treatment carried out 2 weeks by a definite date, and the moment monitors warm and humid in greenhouse
Degree, prevention and treatment seedling is heated, humidity is too low or excessively high, the crop field of anti-grass cloth is transplanted in same leveling but be not laid with after 2 weeks, immediately
Attached soil, other each steps are identical as embodiment.Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: site preparation after trench digging, first ploughs deeply soil, rakes, and marks field planting row, with the mode of machinery trench digging according to depth
It spends 8cm and width 40cm and ditching operation is carried out to field planting row, output field planting ditch, trench digging routed up to the soil come is uniform to twist that spread (will
Digged block blends and is dispersed in ground) it is being colonized in the ranks, 30 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer are applied in field planting row the bottom of as
Fertilizer.
Step 2: being laid with anti-grass cloth, it is anticipated that 30 × 30cm of seeding row spacing of transplanted seedling, will have the field planting of equivalent specifications
The anti-grass cloth in hole is layed on field planting ditch, bore dia 8cm.It is smooth good that anti-grass cloth is laid according to the low ditch soil body form of high ridge
Ground, and in ditch along a line with anti-grass cloth fixed pin keep 50cm spacing be fixed.
Step 3: washing seedling, and choosing clove is 2cm or so, the tissue-cultured seedling of a length of 10cm of leaf, by standard compliant tissue-cultured seedling
Bottle from tissue culture room move to room temperature be 25 DEG C wash seedling between, bottle cap is unscrewed, from the tissue-cultured seedling of selection from tissue culture after placing 3 days
It takes out, is rinsed well the agar medium on tissue-cultured seedling with clear water, and guarantee clove and root without any damage in bottle.
Step 4: carbendazim solution is diluted to then rinse well after 1/1000 solution as in bucket by disinfection
Tissue-cultured seedling be put into impregnate in bucket and take out after five minutes, being put in room temperature is 20 DEG C, and air humidity is cool place 12 in the room 50%-80%
Hour is spare.
Step 5: transplanting will be ready to spare tissue culture seedling direct transplantation in whole good crop field, and transplanting seeding row spacing is 30
×30cm；Manual punching is carried out according to the seeding row spacing of regulation with punch, hole depth is depending on the size of tissue-cultured seedling, generally
5cm is advisable, and need to gently be put into tissue-cultured seedling in molded hole hole, keeps the spread aparts whole as far as possible of the bulb with root, will be quasi-
The backfill (the ratio 1:5 of vermiculite and original soil) got ready bury, and it is to cover the above 1-3cm of clove that native depth is buried in guarantee,
Blade ensures to leak outside in ground substantially.
Step 6: watering, when plant, sprinkle profoundly water, and transplant initial stage depending on actual conditions, the water content of the basic guarantee soil body
14-16%, while preventing ponding, using root fill or foliage spray by the way of water, the cultivation laundering period is spent to seedling, in line with seeing
It is dry to see that wet principle is watered.Summer is rainy season, the case where according to practical rainfall, reduces pour number as one sees fit.
Step 7: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, summer are high temperature and rainy season, spray 30% carbendazim MnZn and the 800 of 60%
Sandofan again；Two kinds of medicaments are used alternatingly, each medication interval time, which is generally 2 weeks, to be advisable；Winter alternatively administered interval can
It extends to monthly.
Step 8: fertilising is administered once every three weeks fragrant plant field high tower compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) and flower is the more compound
Fertile (N:P:K=20:20:20), fertilising is 20 kilograms per acre, in addition while per acre is affixed by 20 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Analysis of experiments obtains the survival rate of trial zone Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait seedling up to 98%；The small shoot survival percent in check plot is only 90%,
Counted in terms of planting time, from tissue culture room to field-transplanting during, 14 days hardening time is saved compared with check plot in trial zone；
It is counted in terms of cost, trial zone is compared with 200 yuan of check plot save the cost/per acre；The experimental results showed that Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field
Efficient cultivation method more saves time and cost, and survival rate is also higher.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: this method comprises the following steps:
1) site preparation after trench digging, first ploughs deeply soil, rakes, and marks field planting row, with the mode of machinery trench digging according to depth 8-15cm
Ditching operation is carried out to field planting row with width 30-50cm, outputs field planting ditch, trench digging is routed up to uniform twist of the soil come and is sprinkling upon field planting
In the ranks, 30-50 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer is applied in field planting row be used as base fertilizer；
2) is laid with anti-grass cloth, the anti-grass cloth with planting hole is layed on field planting ditch, the field planting central point of hole transverse and longitudinal of anti-grass cloth
Spacing is (20-50) × (20-40) cm, bore dia 5-10cm；
3) washes seedling, chooses the tissue-cultured seedling for meeting field-transplanting standard, tissue-cultured seedling bottle is moved to from tissue culture room between washing seedling,
Room temperature is 20-25 DEG C, and bottle cap is unscrewed, and takes out tissue-cultured seedling from tissue culture bottle after placing 2-5 days, will be on tissue-cultured seedling with clear water
Agar medium is rinsed well, and guarantees clove and root without any damage；
4) is sterilized；
5) preparation of backfill stirs evenly according to the volume ratio of 1:3-1:5 vermiculite and original soil spare as backfill；
6) is transplanted, and will be transported to crop field to spare tissue-cultured seedling after disinfection, and directly transplanting is transplanted in whole good crop field in punching；
Spare backfill is got out, is backfilled immediately in the surrounding of hole hole plant seedling；
7) waters, and when plant sprinkles profoundly water, and transplants initial stage depending on actual conditions depending on, and basic guarantee water content of soil is 12-18%,
Simultaneously prevent ponding, using root fill or foliage spray by the way of water, to seedling spend cultivation the laundering period, in line with see it is dry see it is wet
Principle is watered.
2. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field according to claim 1 efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: this method is also
Including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: summer sprays the carbendazim MnZn of 30-60% and 500-800 times of the Sandofan of 60%-70%；Alternately
Using two kinds of medicaments, each medication interval time is 2-3 weeks；Winter is alternatively administered, is divided into monthly.
3. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field according to claim 1 or 2 efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: the party
Method further includes fertilising, an every 3-6 weeks fragrant plant field high tower compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) of application and colored the more compound fertilizer (N:
P:K=20:20:20), fertilising is 10-30 kilograms per acre, in addition while per acre is affixed by 10-30 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field according to claim 1 efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: in step 2)
Anti-grass cloth tiles according to the soil body form of the low ditch of high ridge, and keeps 30- along line anti-grass cloth fixed pin in ditch
The spacing of 50cm is fixed.
5. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field according to claim 1 efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: in step 3)
The clove of the tissue-cultured seedling of selection is 2cm, a length of 5-20cm of leaf.
6. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field according to claim 1 efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: described disappears
Malicious step are as follows: be diluted to carbendazim solution after the solution of 1/1000-1/3000 as the group that in bucket, will then rinse well
Training seedling be put into is impregnated 5-20 minute in bucket after take out, be put in room temperature be 20-25 DEG C, air humidity be the room 50%-80% in cool place
12-48 hours spare.
7. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field according to claim 1 efficient cultivation method, it is characterised in that: in step 1)
The organic fertilizer is formed by chicken manure retting.
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| CN201811132426.7A CN109169132A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method |
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| CN201811132426.7A CN109169132A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method |
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| CN111837856A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-10-30 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | High-yield symbiotic planting method for potatoes and leguminous plants |
| CN113287518A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Commercial hippeastrum rutilum seed ball production method in south China |
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| CN113287518A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Commercial hippeastrum rutilum seed ball production method in south China |
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