CN101822193A - Method for quickly planting sophora davidii - Google Patents
Method for quickly planting sophora davidii Download PDFInfo
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- CN101822193A CN101822193A CN201010169069A CN201010169069A CN101822193A CN 101822193 A CN101822193 A CN 101822193A CN 201010169069 A CN201010169069 A CN 201010169069A CN 201010169069 A CN201010169069 A CN 201010169069A CN 101822193 A CN101822193 A CN 101822193A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly planting sophora davidii. The method comprises the following steps of: A, seeds collection, namely, storing the seeds in a dry and ventilated room; B, nursery garden selection, namely, flattening, ploughing under to great depth, fertilizing, bedding, irrigating and preparing to plant; C, soil preparation and nutritional soil allocation, namely, preparing seedbed and flattening bed surface; D, bud forcing treatment before sowing, namely, sterilizing the seeds by using 0.5 percent solution of potassium permanganate before sowing; E, sowing, namely, spring sowing, sowing in line, sowing by drilling ditch and watering to remain floor wet; F, seedling management, spraying the solution of potassium permanganate at the seedling stage, spraying continuously, preventing grub underground insects at the young seedling stage and seedling for sell; and G, tree planting, namely, tree planting in spring and autumn, selecting biennial nursery stock to cut branches at the 10-centimeter distance away from the root and digging 40-centimeter depth pits to plant, wherein 269 to 333 plants are planted per mu. The method has the advantages of realizing rapid afforestation of the sophora davidii in a shot time and achieving the ecological benefit of vegetation recovery and water and soil conservation and the economic benefit of green manure and feed development, along with simple and convenient operation and quick effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of ecological planting technology, loess hill, gully, hillside and the field field bund that the method for quickly planting that more specifically relates to a kind of white tattooing, this method are suitable for wide geographic areas such as North China, East China, northwest and southwest carries out revegetation, water and soil conservation and as the exploitation of firewood forest, green manure and feed.
Background technology
White tattooing (Sophora davidii) claims that again wolf's fang thorn, iron-clad horses burn recklessly, bitter thorn, shrub for the Papilionaceae Sophora, high 1m~2.5m, be distributed widely in northwest, North China, East China and southwest, in Henan, all there is distribution on ground such as Hebei, Shanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.Grow in arid tailo, be extremely drought-enduring thamnium more, is distributed in height above sea level 1000~1800m more, is born in the mountain region below the height above sea level 2500m in southwest.Stem, leaf, fruit and the seed of white tattooing all contain multiple alkaloids such as matrine, sophocarpine, aloperine, and be all pharmaceutically acceptable.It is nutritious, the output height, and adaptability is strong, not only can be used as green manure and feed, and can be used as fuel.White tattooing is a kind of spy root plant, have drought resisting, happiness light, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, drought-resistant, fire-resistant burning, anti-trample, the anti-characteristics of cutting etc. of cutting, require not tight to soil, root system is dark and powerful, the tool nitrogen fixing capacity, a series of good ecosystem characterizations such as the sprout tillers ability is strong are the very wide plants of annidation, have very strong tolerance, be the desirable water and soil conservation of Karst Mountain, improve the soil, build the pioneer tree species of biological fence and afforestation.White tattooing all has a large amount of distributions at loess hill gully district sun to hillside, ridge, in tailo, half light slope syndynamic, mediate the shrubbery stage, for the deserted mountain build one of mass-planting species, loess hill gully district ecological recovery is had constructive influence.In addition, white thorn flower growth is rapid, extremely drought-resistant, barren-resistant, its main root prosperity, according to surveying and determination during the high 40cm of the limb of acrial part, the dark people of main root is underground to be reached below the 100cm, and lateral root is concentrated and to be grown in the 30cm soil layer is pioneer tree species on the strong tailo of arid, is one of important species of building soil and water conservation forest.White tattooing whole body is precious, is rich in several amino acids, vitamin and mineral element in its leaf, flower, the seed, has multiple higher development and is worth, and is all fine tree species preferably of ecological benefits and economic benefit.Still does not have at present the technology of utilizing white tattooing to afforest fast and report, therefore, study and explore the quick afforestation technology of white tattooing, all be significant for the improvement of water and soil conservation ability, soil melioration and region environment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide the method for quickly planting of a kind of white tattooing, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, it is quick to take effect, can realize the quick afforestation of white tattooing in a short time, and reach the ecological benefits of revegetation, water and soil conservation and as the economic benefit of firewood forest, green manure and feed development.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
White thorn flower seed is strong, if not treated, germination rate is extremely low, can not correctly reflect the actual germinating capacity of seed.Key technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to utilize seed to breed to carry out the quick afforestation technology of white tattooing, for the recovery that realizes degraded ecosystem in a short time, the solid native ability of water conservation that improves the ecosystem improve the otherwise effective technique approach.Its technical conceive is: the firstth, and collect seed and grow seedlings, the secondth, plant seedlings, the 3rd is to manage behind the seedling, the method for quickly planting of a kind of white tattooing, included step is as follows:
1, collect seed:
White thorn flower seed maturation in general 7~September, the folder fruit is become yellowish-brown, pod wall hardening, is withered shape and can gathers by green.But white tattooing pod exists on the branch as if untimely collection long period place, but easily insect pest takes place, and mid-July, pod did not have insect pest substantially, and insect pest mid-August rate is 60%, almost is 100% to insect pest in December rate.So will collect seed in July.In time place behind the seed collection and tanned by the sun under the sunlight 10-14 hour, do the back and beat with rod, remove brachyplast, pneumatic concentration is planted only, after the natural seasoning, with cloth bag preserve in drying ventilate indoor.
2, the nursery is selected:
The selection subterranean water level is low, and well-drained sandy loam can add 30% river sand and improve to loess; Root rot easily takes place in the plot that clay, low-lying land, saline land and subterranean water level are higher, so should not grow seedlings ground.Smooth good March, plough deeply, execute the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed and (comprise cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc., execute 2000~3000Kg), beat furrow, pour water for every mu, wait to plant.
3, whole ground and the configuration of nutrition soil:
White tattooing can adopt field seeding to grow seedlings.Field seedling raising will apply fertilizer with growing seedlings, plough deeply, smooth good autumn the previous year of spring sowing, and ordinary circumstance uses sufficient base fertilizer next time, every 667m
2Execute the fertilizer (comprising cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc.) that 2000~3000Kg becomes thoroughly decomposed, the an amount of composite fertilizer that adds, every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65-75 kilogram, careful whole ground before the sowing, ferrous sulfate with 3% carries out soil disinfection, every square metre with ferrous sulfate soup 0.4-0.6 kilogram, carries out seedbed (being generally level bed), the leveling bed surface.
4, vernalization was handled before seed was broadcast:
Sow preceding 7 days, use seed beginning warm 74-76 ℃ of hot water seed soaking after 22-26 hour, surplus solids is handled 6-8 time again, the each processing 22-26 hour at interval, mix with the ratio of river sand with 1: 2 down in room temperature (identical below 20-25 ℃), and watering once, the husky Tibetan stacked vernalization, stirring every day once also sprinkles water keeps moistening, makes its humidity remain on 75-85%.Check germination, when showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, can sow as if discovery small quantities of seed breach.Need before broadcasting seed with 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate.
5, sowing:
White thorn flower seed does not have resting stage generally to sow in spring and to be advisable with adopting with broadcasting.Adopt drilling, the trench digging drilling, line-spacing 30cm, the degree of depth 3~5cm, earthing 1.5~2cm, sown scope 5cm, line-spacing 15cm is advisable.Every 667m
2Seeding quantity 6~8kg; Nutritious bag is broadcast 5~10 for every bag, the thick 2~3cm of earthing, and suppression gently, suitably watering keeps that ground is not dried is advisable.
6, seedling management:
After planting promptly with the sunshade of sunshade net, water spray was 1 time in general 3 days, emerged with assurance, along with seedling growth stage difference, watered the water yield and also had any different.Nursery stock was unearthed after 1 month, removed sunshade net and uprooting weed in time, in order to avoid influence seedling growth.The potassium permanganate liquid that sprayed 1 time 0.5% in per 10 days after seedling all sprouts is prevented and treated damping off, sprays 40% Rogor solution or 80% ddvp emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid or sprays 1000 times of anti-eliminating aphis such as liquid of 2.5% derris extract.Thinning in time after nursery stock is unearthed, every mu is stayed 100,000 strains to be advisable; 2 strains are stayed in thinning for the first time in the nutritious bag, stay strong a little less than thinning is for the second time gone.According to soil compaction and weeds situation, weeded with a hoe once in every month, when seedling stage, soil was not done, need not water, if water the excessive root-rot seedling death phenomenon that is prone to; Should spray 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate seedling stage and spray weekly 1 time, spray 2~3 times continuously and get final product.The seedling phase is wanted soil insects such as timely control of grubs, and height of seedling 70cm can go out the garden then.
7, tree planting:
According to the orographic condition of planting site, reasonably method of soil preparation is liquid manure, gas, a hot situation of improving soil, makes full use of precipitation, reduces soil water evaporation, improves plant percent and storage rate, promotes an important technique measure of seedling growth.Generally March in rainy season end to next year whole ground effect better.Interior during this period of time soil layer is more moistening, and temperature is not high, is easy to tillage operation.Whole simultaneously ground is after the sun of the 3-4 month shines the physicochemical property of can improving the soil.According to land occupation condition, suit measures to local conditions, on the abrupt slope, the place of breaking topography adopts whole ground, fish scale pit, cave-shaped whole ground is adopted in mild place, whole ground, horizontal rank is adopted in the slope, afforest then the tree planting spring and autumn all can, better with fall planting; Select 2 years living nursery stocks for use, cut driedly apart from rhizosphere 10 centimeters, dig 40 centimetres of dark holes and plant; 1.5 meters * 1.5 meters or 1 meter * 2 meters of seeding row spacings, every mu 269~333 strain.
In order to ensure surviving, to the overall process of planting, take a series of fresh-keeping measure to nursery stock from lifting.Preceding 1 week of lifting will be irritated sufficient water, to the nursery stock sunshade, heels in the transportation in good time, uses ABT2 root-inducing powder 2000 * 10 before planting
-6Dip in root with mud, make nursery stock store moisture more, and make moisture be preserved, replenish.When planting nursery stock is put into the central authorities in cave, root system is unfolded, insert in the cave with table soil, soil is in small, broken bits, pick up burring root and turf, banket to a half, nursery stock is upwards slightly carried, track tramping again after root system is unfolded, tread again in the full cave of banketing then, the surface more again one deck loosen the soil or weeds, it is narrow to must guard against the seedling cave, causes treelet nest root phenomenon.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and effect: the present invention carries out tree planting after with white tattooing seed seedling-raising, white thorn flower seed carries out can making after the vernalization preliminary treatment seed germination rate to reach 100% and make germinating time shorten 20% through method of the present invention, the restriction in required a large amount of seedlings source when solving white tattooing afforestation, shorten the afforestation cycle, and when carrying out plantlet of transplant, also can improve its survival rate (reaching more than 98%) greatly, thereby improve the efficient of afforestation.The inventive method is easily gone, easy and simple to handle, it is quick to take effect, and can realize the quick afforestation of white tattooing in a short time, and can reach degraded ecosystem recovery, the ecological benefits of water and soil conservation and the economic benefit of developing as firewood forest, green manure and feed in a short time.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the method for quickly planting of a kind of white tattooing, and its concrete steps are as follows:
1, collect seed: sting flower seed maturation in general 7~September in vain, the folder fruit is become yellowish-brown, pod wall hardening, is withered shape and can gathers by green.Collect seed July.In time place behind the seed collection and tanned by the sun under the sunlight 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 hours, do the back and beat with rod, remove brachyplast, pneumatic concentration is planted only, after the natural seasoning, with cloth bag preserve in drying ventilate indoor.
2, the nursery is selected: select subterranean water level low, well-drained sandy loam can add 30% river sand and improve to loess; Root rot easily takes place in the plot that clay, low-lying land, saline land and subterranean water level are higher, so should not grow seedlings ground.Smooth good March, plough deeply, apply fertilizer, beat furrow, pour water, wait to plant.
3, whole ground and the configuration of nutrition soil: field seedling raising, will apply fertilizer with growing seedlings, plough deeply, smooth good autumn the previous year of sowing in spring, ordinary circumstance uses sufficient base fertilizer next time, every 667m
2Execute 2000 or 2200 or 2300 or 2400 or 2500 or 2650 or 2760 or 2810 or 2870 or 2920 or 2960 or the fertilizer (comprising cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc.) that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 3000Kg, the an amount of composite fertilizer that adds, every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 66 or 68 or 70 or 72 or 75 kilograms, careful whole ground before the sowing, ferrous sulfate with 3% carries out soil disinfection, every square metre with soup 0.4 or 0.5 or 0.6 kilogram, carries out seedbed (being generally level bed), the leveling bed surface.
4, vernalization was handled before seed was broadcast: sow preceding 7 days, after warm 74 or 75 or 76 ℃ of hot water were soaked seed 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 hours with the beginning seed, surplus solids is handled 7 times again, the each processing 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 hours at interval, at room temperature mix with the ratio of river sand with 1: 2, and watering once, the husky Tibetan stacked vernalization, stirring every day once also sprinkles water keeps moistening, makes its humidity remain on 75 or 77 or 79 or 81 or 83 or 85%.Check germination, when showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, can sow as if discovery small quantities of seed breach.Need before broadcasting seed with 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate.
5, sowing: adopt drilling, the trench digging drilling, line-spacing 30cm, the degree of depth 3~5cm, earthing 1.5~2cm, sown scope 5cm, line-spacing 15cm is advisable.Every 667m
2Seeding quantity 6 or 7 or 8kg; Nutritious bag is broadcast 5~10 for every bag, the thick 2~3cm of earthing, and suppression gently, suitably watering keeps that ground is not dried is advisable.
6, seedling management: after planting promptly with the sunshade of sunshade net, water spray was 1 time in general 3 days, emerged with assurance.Nursery stock was unearthed after 1 month, removed the sunshade net.The potassium permanganate liquid that sprayed 1 time 0.5% in per 10 days after seedling all sprouts is prevented and treated damping off, sprays 40% Rogor solution or 80% ddvp emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid or sprays 1000 times of anti-eliminating aphis such as liquid of 2.5% derris extract.Thinning in time after nursery stock is unearthed, every mu is stayed 100,000 strains to be advisable; 2 strains are stayed in thinning for the first time in the nutritious bag, stay strong a little less than thinning is for the second time gone.Weeded with a hoe in every month once, when seedling stage, soil was not done, need not water, if water the excessive root-rot seedling death phenomenon that is prone to; Should spray 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate seedling stage and spray weekly 1 time, spray 2~3 times continuously and get final product.The seedling phase is wanted soil insects such as timely control of grubs, and height of seedling 70cm can go out the garden then.
7, tree planting: preceding 1 week of lifting will be irritated sufficient water, to the nursery stock sunshade, heels in the transportation in good time, uses ABT2 root-inducing powder 2000 * 10 before planting
-6Dip in root with mud, make nursery stock store moisture more, and make moisture be preserved, replenish.When planting nursery stock is put into the central authorities in cave, root system is unfolded, insert in the cave with table soil, soil is in small, broken bits, pick up burring root and turf, banket to a half, nursery stock is upwards slightly carried, track tramping again after root system is unfolded, tread again in the full cave of banketing then, the surface more again one deck loosen the soil or weeds, it is narrow to must guard against the seedling cave, causes treelet nest root phenomenon.Generally March in rainy season end to next year whole ground effect better.Interior during this period of time soil layer is more moistening, and temperature is not high, is easy to tillage operation.Whole simultaneously ground is after the sun of the 3-4 month shines the physicochemical property of can improving the soil.According to land occupation condition, suit measures to local conditions, on the abrupt slope, the place of breaking topography adopts whole ground, fish scale pit, cave-shaped whole ground is adopted in mild place, whole ground, horizontal rank is adopted in the slope, afforest then the tree planting spring and autumn all can, better with fall planting; Select 2 years living nursery stocks for use, cut driedly apart from rhizosphere 10 centimeters, dig 40 centimetres of dark holes and plant; 1.5 meters * 1.5 meters or 1 meter * 2 meters of seeding row spacings, every mu 269~333 strain.
Claims (1)
1. the method for quickly planting of a white tattooing the steps include:
A, seed collecting:
White thorn flower seed maturation in 7~September, the folder fruit is become yellowish-brown, pod wall hardening, is withered shape collection by green, collect seed in July, seed collection is placed on and tanned by the sun under the sunlight 10-14 hour, do the back and beat with rod, remove brachyplast, pneumatic concentration is planted only, after the natural seasoning, with cloth bag preserve in drying ventilate indoor;
B, nursery are selected:
The selection subterranean water level is low, and well-drained sandy loam adds 30% river sand and improves to loess; Root rot easily takes place in the plot that clay, low-lying land, saline land and subterranean water level are higher, and the ground of not growing seedlings is smooth good March, ploughs deeply, executes the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed: comprise cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, execute 2000~3000Kg, beat furrow, pour water for every mu, wait to plant;
C, whole ground and the configuration of nutrition soil:
White tattooing can adopt field seeding to grow seedlings, field seedling raising, autumn the previous year of sowing in spring, to apply fertilizer with growing seedlings, plough deeply, smooth, once use sufficient base fertilizer, every 667m2 executes the fertilizer that 2000~3000Kg becomes thoroughly decomposed: comprise cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, add composite fertilizer, every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65-75 kilogram, careful whole ground before the sowing, the ferrous sulfate with 3% carries out soil disinfection, and every square metre with ferrous sulfate soup 0.4-0.6 kilogram, carry out the seedbed, the leveling bed surface;
Vernalization was handled before D, seed were broadcast:
Sow preceding 7 days, after seed was soaked seed 22-26 hour with beginning warm 74-76 ℃ of hot water, surplus solids was handled 6-8 time again, the each processing 22-26 hour at interval, at room temperature mix with the ratio of river sand with 1: 2, and watering once, the husky Tibetan stacked vernalization, stirring every day once also sprinkles water keeps moistening, make its humidity remain on 75-85%, check and germinate, when the seed breach shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing, before broadcasting to seed with 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate;
E, sowing:
White thorn flower seed does not have resting stage with adopting with broadcasting, and sows in spring, and adopts drilling, trench digging drilling, line-spacing 30cm, the degree of depth 3~5cm, earthing 1.5~2cm, sown scope 5cm, line-spacing 15cm, every 667m
2Seeding quantity 6~8kg; Nutritious bag is broadcast 5~10 for every bag, the thick 2~3cm of earthing, and suppression gently, suitably watering keeps ground not do;
F, seedling management:
After planting with the sunshade of sunshade net, water spray was 1 time in 3 days, emerge with assurance, nursery stock is unearthed after 1 month, remove sunshade net and uprooting weed, sprayed 1 time 0.5% potassium permanganate liquid after seedling all sprouts in per 10 days and prevent and treat damping off, spray 40% Rogor solution or 80% ddvp emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid or spray 1000 times of liquid of 2.5% derris extract and prevent eliminating aphis, thinning after nursery stock is unearthed, every mu is stayed 100,000 strains; 2 strains are stayed in thinning for the first time in the nutritious bag, stay strong a little less than thinning is for the second time gone, weeded with a hoe in every month once, when seedling stage, soil was not done, do not water, spray 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate seedling stage and spray weekly 1 time, spray 2~3 times continuously, the seedling phase is wanted the control of grubs soil insect, and height of seedling 70cm goes out the garden then;
G, tree planting:
Orographic condition according to planting site, reasonably method of soil preparation is the liquid manure that improves soil, gas, hot situation, make full use of precipitation, reduce soil water evaporation, improve plant percent and storage rate, on whole ground in March in rainy season end to next year, interior during this period of time soil layer is moistening, and temperature is not high, is easy to tillage operation, whole simultaneously ground is after the solarization of the sun of the 3-4 month, the physicochemical property of improving the soil is on the abrupt slope, whole ground, fish scale pit is adopted in the place of breaking topography, and cave-shaped whole ground is adopted in mild place, whole ground, horizontal rank is adopted in the slope, the tree planting spring and autumn of afforesting then, 2 years living nursery stocks are selected in fall planting for use, cut driedly apart from rhizosphere 10 centimeters, dig 40 centimetres of dark holes and plant; 1.5 meters * 1.5 meters or 1 meter * 2 meters of seeding row spacings, every mu 269~333 strain.
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CN103314732A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Field seedling growing method for environment-friendly sophora viciifolia hance |
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CN106358976A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Stem cutting foresting method for clerodendrum trichotomum |
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CN103314732A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Field seedling growing method for environment-friendly sophora viciifolia hance |
CN103314732B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-09-09 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Environment protection white tattooing field seedling raising method |
CN106358977A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Forestation method for clerodendrum trichotomum ultra-short circulation period paper pulp wood forest |
CN106358976A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | Stem cutting foresting method for clerodendrum trichotomum |
CN107047181A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-18 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of yellow fine strain of millet wood is used for the optimal cutting strunk cultural method of this wooden feed |
CN107324928A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method by improveing the white thorn of salt-soda soil plantation and cynomorium songaricum |
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