CN111699905A - Reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees - Google Patents
Reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111699905A CN111699905A CN202010640525.7A CN202010640525A CN111699905A CN 111699905 A CN111699905 A CN 111699905A CN 202010640525 A CN202010640525 A CN 202010640525A CN 111699905 A CN111699905 A CN 111699905A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- tree
- aged
- scion
- trees
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the renewal and rejuvenation of an aged fruit tree, belonging to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and the grafting method comprises the following steps: and planting an updated tree within 20-30 cm around the trunk of the aged fruit tree, selecting a lower branch of the updated tree as a near graft, selecting an upper branch of the aged fruit tree as a near scion, and grafting the near graft to the near scion. The grafting method realizes renewal and rejuvenation under the condition of not influencing the growth and fruiting of the original aged tree body, is convenient to operate, is simple and easy to implement, can reduce economic loss caused by long childhood period in the process of adopting the young seedling for planting and renewing the aged tree, can keep the original tree body to avoid death of the tree body, and prolongs the growth life of the fruit tree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the renewal and rejuvenation of an aged fruit tree.
Background
The fruit is an indispensable dietary source in human life, contains rich water, organic acid, dietary fiber, vitamins and various bioactive substances, has multiple functions of stimulating appetite, promoting digestion, promoting metabolism, improving digestion function, beautifying and the like, can protect blood vessels, prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, resist aging, prevent cancers and the like, and is popular with consumers.
Fruit trees are perennial woody plants, the growth period is long, currently, grafted seedlings are mostly adopted for planting in production, and the period from seedling planting to flowering and fruiting is generally 3-4 years. Fruit trees are also susceptible to diseases and insect pests, and if the diseases and insect pests cannot be timely discovered and controlled, the plants are usually aged and even die, so that unnecessary economic loss is caused. Some diseases and insect hazards, such as longicorn hazards, root rot and the like, occurring at the middle lower part of the plant can not recover tree vigor through chemical agent control and cultivation management technologies when serious hazards are encountered, and the plant can only survive for 1-2 years without other measures. If the production is recovered by adopting a seedling replacing mode, the fruitless period of at least 1-2 years also exists, and the economic loss is large. Therefore, promoting the renewal and rejuvenation of the aged fruit trees and improving the survival period of the aged fruit trees have important significance for ensuring the yield of fruits and reducing the economic loss of fruit growers.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the rejuvenation of an aged fruit tree, which can reduce the economic loss caused by the long childhood period in the process of adopting young seedlings to plant and renew the aged tree, can keep the original tree body to avoid the death of the tree body, and prolong the growth life of the fruit tree.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the renewal and rejuvenation of aged fruit trees, which comprises the following steps: and planting an updated tree at a position 20-30 cm around the trunk of the aged fruit tree, selecting a lower branch of the updated tree as a near graft, selecting an upper branch of the aged fruit tree as a near scion, and grafting the near graft to the near scion.
Preferably, the age of the updated tree is 1-3 years, the thickness of the updated tree is 6-8 cm, and the number of the updated trees is 1-3.
Preferably, the upper branches comprise robust upper branches 50cm away from the ground or robust upper branches with first-level branches.
Preferably, the reverse high-joint mode comprises a tongue joint method.
Preferably, the tongue-joining method includes: and beveling the position, 55-75 cm away from the ground, of the trunk close to grafting to obtain a close-grafting beveled position, cutting off the bark of the close-grafting scion to expose a close-grafting scion forming layer, and jointing and binding the close-grafting beveled position and the close-grafting scion forming layer.
Preferably, the position of the bark is 55-75 cm away from the ground.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps after grafting: and removing the sprouts below the grafting part of the updated tree every 5-10 days.
Preferably, the senescent fruit trees comprise senescent fruit trees with trunks under the first-level branches damaged by longicorn and seriously damaged tree bodies.
The reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the rejuvenation of the aged fruit trees is particularly suitable for the aged fruit trees with trunks seriously damaged by diseases and insect pests such as longicorn and the like, can realize the rejuvenation without influencing the growth and fruiting performance of the original aged fruit trees, and is convenient to operate, simple and easy to implement. The traditional updating mode of replacing the aged trees with the young seedlings generally needs 3-4 years from planting to flowering and fruiting, and the method can reduce the economic loss caused by the long childhood period in the process of updating the aged trees by planting the young seedlings, keep the original trees to avoid death, prolong the growth life of fruit trees, greatly reduce the economic loss and have better economic benefit on the premise of ensuring the yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the grafted plant after successful grafting.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the renewal and rejuvenation of aged fruit trees, which comprises the following steps: and planting an updated tree at a position 20-30 cm around the trunk of the aged fruit tree, selecting a lower branch of the updated tree as a near graft, selecting an upper branch of the aged fruit tree as a near scion, and grafting the near graft to the near scion.
In the present invention, the age of the updated tree is preferably 1 to 3 years, more preferably 2 years, the thickness of the updated tree is preferably 6 to 8cm, more preferably 7cm, and the number of the updated trees is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2. The invention selects the plantlets as the updating trees, the plantlets grow vigorously, do not start bearing fruits, have no economic loss, are easy to obtain, are convenient to transplant and have high survival rate; according to the invention, the updated tree with the thickness of 6-8 cm is selected, so that the support force and toughness are certain, and the tree is not easy to break after grafting; according to the method, a plurality of updating trees are selected, so that the updating trees grafted with the aged fruit trees can be prevented from dying or failing in grafting after grafting.
In the present invention, the upper shoots preferably comprise robust growing, 50cm from the ground or robust growing, first-order branching upper shoots.
In the invention, the grafting mode comprises a tongue grafting method.
In the present invention, the tongue-joining method preferably includes: and beveling the position, 55-75 cm away from the ground, of the trunk close to grafting to obtain a close-grafting beveled position, cutting off the bark of the close-grafting scion to expose a close-grafting scion forming layer, and jointing and binding the close-grafting beveled position and the close-grafting scion forming layer. The invention adopts the tongue grafting method, the contact area of the forming layer and the conducting tissue between the rootstock and the scion is large, the joint is tightly and firmly combined, the quick healing of the joint after grafting is facilitated, and the survival rate is high.
In the invention, the position of the bark is preferably 55-75 cm, more preferably 60cm away from the ground.
In the present invention, after the grafting, the method preferably further comprises: and removing the sprouts below the grafting part of the updated tree every 5-10 days, preferably 8 days. According to the invention, the step of removing the sprout tillers can ensure that nutrient substances are conveyed to the grafting part, the healing of the grafting part interface is promoted, the grafting survival rate is further improved, if branches or germinated new branches at the lower part of the interface are not removed, the nutrition can be intensively supplied to the new branches, the healing of the interface is not facilitated, and the survival rate is influenced.
In the present invention, the senescent fruit tree preferably includes senescent fruit trees in which the trunk under the first-order branch is damaged by longicorn and the trunk is seriously damaged.
The variety of the aged fruit tree is not particularly limited, and can be selected from common fruit trees in the field, and the variety of the aged fruit tree in the invention preferably comprises plum trees, citrus trees and peach trees.
The type of the updating tree is not particularly limited, and common fruit trees in the field can be selected, and the type of the updating tree preferably comprises a peach tree and a citrus tree.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The aged fruit trees are 9-year-old plum trees damaged by longicorn, the damage openings are 60cm away from the ground, although the plum trees can still blossom and bear fruits, the damage to the tree bodies is serious, the tree vigor declines, and death is imminent. 3 peach seedlings which grow for 2 years and have the thickness of about 8cm are selected as the updating trees. And planting peach seedlings at a position 30cm away from the trunk of the aged plum tree 11 months after the leaves of the aged plum tree are fallen. Grafting in the last ten days of 3 months in the next year, selecting the lower branches of the strong peach seedlings as branches, and beveling the branches at 75cm above the ground to obtain parts which are obliquely cut by grafting; selecting an upper branch which is close to the aged plum tree, is grafted, grows robustly and is 50cm away from the ground as a leaning scion, cutting off a bark 75cm away from the ground, and exposing a leaning scion cambium; and jointing and binding the grafting beveling part and the grafting scion forming layer. And (4) managing grafted branches after grafting according to a conventional management method, and removing the sprouts below the peach seedling interface every 5 days. The normal plant yield of the 9 th-age plum tree is about 75-85 kg, the yield of the grafted current-year aged tree is about 50kg, and the yield is recovered to 65kg in the second year; in the third year, the updated trees gradually replace the trunks of the aged trees, the bodies of the trees are basically recovered to be normal, and the yield is stabilized at 75 kg.
Example 2
The aged fruit trees are 5-year-old citrus trees damaged by longicorn, the damage openings are located about 50cm away from the ground, although the citrus trees can still bloom and bear fruits, the damage to the tree bodies is serious. 2 grafted citrus seedlings which grow for 1 year and are about 6cm thick are selected as updating trees. And planting citrus seedlings 20cm away from the trunk of the aged tree. Grafting in the last 3 months of the next year, selecting the lower branches with robust growth of citrus seedlings as branch-leaning grafts, and beveling the branches at about 60cm above the ground to obtain the parts beveled by the grafting; selecting upper branches which are close to the aged citrus trees, are grafted, grow robustly and are 50cm away from the ground as the leaning scions, cutting off barks 60cm away from the ground, and exposing the cambium of the leaning scions; and jointing and binding the grafting beveling part and the grafting scion forming layer. And (4) managing grafted branches after grafting according to a conventional management method, and erasing the sprouts below the citrus seedling interfaces every 5 days. The normal plant yield of the 5-year-old citrus trees is about 50-60 kg, the yield of the grafted aged trees in the current year is about 25kg, the yield is recovered to 40kg in the second year, and the yield is stabilized at 50kg in the third year.
Example 3
The aged fruit trees are 5-year-old peach trees damaged by longicorn, and the damage openings are located about 30cm away from the ground. 2 seedlings of 2 years of seedling with the thickness of about 8cm are selected as the updating trees. Planting the peach seedlings 20cm away from the trunks of the aged trees after the peach seedlings fall off leaves. Grafting in late 2 months of the next year, selecting a lower branch of a strong peach seedling as a branch leaning on grafting, and beveling the peach seedling at about 55cm of the overground part to obtain a part leaning on grafting and beveling; selecting a strong upper branch on a first-level branch of the aged peach tree as a close scion, cutting off a bark which is 55cm away from the ground, and exposing a close scion cambium; and jointing and binding the grafting beveling part and the grafting scion forming layer. And (4) managing grafted branches after grafting according to a conventional management method, and removing the sprouts below the peach seedling interface every 5 days. The yield of a 5-year peach tree is about 30-40 kg, the yield of a grafted aged tree is about 15kg, the yield is recovered to 20kg in the second year, and the yield is stabilized at 30kg in the third year.
The results of the embodiments 1 to 3 show that the reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting the rejuvenation of the senescent fruit trees is particularly suitable for senescent fruit trees with the tree heads seriously damaged by diseases and insect pests such as longicorn and the like, can reduce the economic loss caused by the long childhood period in the process of updating the senescent trees by adopting young seedling planting under the condition of not influencing the growth and fruiting performance of the original senescent fruit trees, keeps the original trees to avoid death of the trees, prolongs the growth life of the fruit trees, greatly reduces the economic loss and has better economic benefit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees is characterized by comprising the following steps: and planting an updated tree at a position 20-30 cm around the trunk of the aged fruit tree, selecting a lower branch of the updated tree as a near graft, selecting an upper branch of the aged fruit tree as a near scion, and grafting the near graft to the near scion.
2. The reverse top-grafting head-changing method according to claim 1, wherein the age of the updated tree is 1-3 years, the thickness of the updated tree is 6-8 cm, and the number of the updated trees is 1-3.
3. The reverse high-splice head changing method according to claim 1 wherein said upper fingers comprise either robust growing, 50cm above ground or robust growing, first-order branched upper fingers.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the grafting comprises tongue grafting.
5. The reverse high-joint method according to claim 4, wherein the tongue-joint method comprises: and beveling the position, 55-75 cm away from the ground, of the trunk close to grafting to obtain a close-grafting beveled position, cutting off the bark of the close-grafting scion to expose a close-grafting scion forming layer, and jointing and binding the close-grafting beveled position and the close-grafting scion forming layer.
6. The reverse high-end-changing method according to claim 5, wherein the bark is located 55-75 cm from the ground.
7. The method for changing the head of a reverse high-joint according to claim 1, further comprising, after the grafting: and removing the sprouts below the grafting part of the updated tree every 5-10 days.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the senescent fruit tree comprises senescent fruit trees whose trunk under the first branch is damaged by longicorn and whose trunk is seriously damaged by tree damage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010640525.7A CN111699905A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010640525.7A CN111699905A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111699905A true CN111699905A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
Family
ID=72545870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010640525.7A Pending CN111699905A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111699905A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115119677A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-30 | 凉山州中泽新技术开发有限责任公司 | Method for rejuvenating premature senility olive tree |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106489652A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-15 | 广东食品药品职业学院 | A kind of method that recovery dye yellow twig Citrus Root is abutted against by Fructus Ponciri Trifoliatae (Fructus Ponciri Trifoliatae Immaturus) |
| CN108124620A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | The cultural method that a kind of double stocks of citrus are abutted against |
| CN108575512A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-09-28 | 迁西县五为生物科技有限公司 | Dry, skeleton branch many places damaged part the method using sapling reparation fruit tree center |
| CN108668665A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-19 | 迁西县五为生物科技有限公司 | Disease, the method for residual skeleton branch reparation on top fruit sprayer |
-
2020
- 2020-07-06 CN CN202010640525.7A patent/CN111699905A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106489652A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-15 | 广东食品药品职业学院 | A kind of method that recovery dye yellow twig Citrus Root is abutted against by Fructus Ponciri Trifoliatae (Fructus Ponciri Trifoliatae Immaturus) |
| CN108124620A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | The cultural method that a kind of double stocks of citrus are abutted against |
| CN108575512A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-09-28 | 迁西县五为生物科技有限公司 | Dry, skeleton branch many places damaged part the method using sapling reparation fruit tree center |
| CN108668665A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-19 | 迁西县五为生物科技有限公司 | Disease, the method for residual skeleton branch reparation on top fruit sprayer |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴光林: "《柑桔栽培与加工》", 31 July 1986, 浙江科学技术出版社 * |
| 李健: "《南方果树实用修剪与高接换种技术》", 31 May 2001, 中国农业出版社 * |
| 管其宽: "《无公害柑橘产销技术指南》", 30 June 2003, 中国农业出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115119677A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-30 | 凉山州中泽新技术开发有限责任公司 | Method for rejuvenating premature senility olive tree |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101238784B (en) | Method for planting fruit tree having different fruits at the same tree | |
| CN111972288B (en) | Passion fruit in-vitro preservation and proliferation regeneration method | |
| CN108811813B (en) | Cuttage and rapid propagation seedling raising method for sea buckthorn tender shoots | |
| CN113115654B (en) | Grape double-stock green branch grafting method | |
| CN107969238A (en) | The breeding method of color silk flosssilk wadding wood | |
| CN108575477B (en) | Efficient propagation method of ilex verticillata | |
| CN111699905A (en) | Reverse top grafting and head changing method for promoting rejuvenation of aged fruit trees | |
| CN110637629B (en) | Greenhouse cultivation method for achieving multiple fruiting of Taiwan Changguo mulberry | |
| CN110771365B (en) | Cutting propagation method of lingbao rhododendron | |
| CN109328704B (en) | Apple tree early-fruiting high-yield stock garden building method | |
| CN105830750A (en) | Landscaping method for grafting Diospyros rhombifolia onto Diospyros armata | |
| CN105210769A (en) | Nursery stock kind fast breeding method | |
| CN113317100A (en) | Cherry round-table type close planting cultivation technology | |
| CN112806175A (en) | Improved method for grafting pear trees | |
| CN113692865A (en) | Bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees | |
| CN106718107B (en) | Method for cultivating grafting seedlings by using tara | |
| CN111527972A (en) | Method for transforming low-effect plum garden | |
| CN113317099A (en) | Cherry round-table type close planting cultivation technology suitable for greenhouse cultivation | |
| CN111713284A (en) | Method for pre-maturing Korean pine | |
| CN105519396A (en) | Cultivation method of new century apricot | |
| CN111183841A (en) | High grafting and replanting method for updating variety of apocarya | |
| CN114568139B (en) | Grafting method for dragon fruit seedling sowing seedlings | |
| CN113854031B (en) | Cultivation method of simplified main trunk tree form of blueberry | |
| CN109168857B (en) | Rapid forming method of jujube tree after clean drying suitable for Taihang mountain gneiss zone | |
| CN110771371A (en) | Method for grafting wild peaches on adult apricot trees |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200925 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |