CN108575477B - Efficient propagation method of ilex verticillata - Google Patents
Efficient propagation method of ilex verticillata Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575477B CN108575477B CN201810139339.8A CN201810139339A CN108575477B CN 108575477 B CN108575477 B CN 108575477B CN 201810139339 A CN201810139339 A CN 201810139339A CN 108575477 B CN108575477 B CN 108575477B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency propagation method of ilex verticillata, and belongs to the technical field of forest vegetative propagation. The method takes the seedlings of the ilex latifolia as the stocks and the improved variety of the ilex verticillata as the scions, efficiently breeds the improved variety of the ilex verticillata by selecting the stocks, preparing the scions, grafting period, method and other steps, grafting the seedlings in the same year to be outplanted, shortening the seedling breeding period by 2 to 3 years compared with asexual propagation methods such as cuttage and the like, and saving the breeding cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the vegetative propagation technology of woody plants, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency propagation method of ilex verticillata.
Background
Ilex verticillata (L.) a.gray) is Ilex deciduous shrub of genus Ilex (Ilex) of family Aquifoliaceae (Aquifoliaceae). Native northeastern America is loving yin and dampness, resistant to drought, strong in resistance and wide in adaptability. After leaves of ilex verticillata fall in winter, bright red and dense fruits are full of branches and are commonly used as branch-cut fruits, pot culture, hedgerow, block planting, water bank greening and the like in countries such as Europe and America, the ornamental characteristics of the hot festival are in accordance with the traditional festival culture of China, and a large number of branches need to be imported from abroad every year to meet the market of China.
More than 10 varieties such as Ilex verticillata 'Oosterwijk' and the like are introduced from the United states and the Netherlands in 2006 in China, wherein the varieties such as 'Oosterwijk', 'Maryland Beauty', 'Winter Red' and 'Winter Gold' have good growth performance, but the propagation rate is low, and the growth is slow, so that the popularization and the application of the North American holly are restricted.
Through literature and research, the propagation method of the ilex verticillata is only limited to cuttage and tissue culture, the cutting result of 'Oosterwijk' hard branches is reported by Chenhuiying (2015), and the rooting rate is 82% when the base of the branches are subjected to cuttage in autumn; the Oosteerwijk' twig cutting technology is researched by a residual auspicious test (2015), the highest survival rate of the non-lignified twigs can reach 88.4%, and the rooting rate of the lignified twigs is only 55.56%; duckweed (2015) was also studied in North America ilex cutting propagation and tissue culture. The above experimental studies show that: the tissue culture technology of the ilex verticillata is high in cost and is immature; the conventional cutting propagation method of the ilex verticillata is difficult to root, the rooting rate is low, the time required for rooting is long, meanwhile, the cutting seedlings need to grow for more than 3 years, blossom and bear fruits, and the popularization and the application of the ilex verticillata are greatly influenced.
China is a main distribution area of ilex plants, wherein ilex latifolia (I. macrocarpa Oliv.) and ilex verticillata are deciduous tree species, the relativity is close, and the grafting and breeding survival rate is high. In recent years, the applicant develops the grafting propagation test of the improved variety of the ilex verticillata by utilizing the advantages of abundant ilex resources in China and taking the ilex macrocarpa as a stock, and obtains good effect. The method breaks through the difficulty of rapid seedling formation of the improved variety breeding of the ilex verticillata, realizes grafting and outplanting for sale in the current year, can bloom and bear fruits in the next year, and promotes the market popularization and garden application of the improved variety of the ilex verticillata.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for propagating improved variety of ilex verticillata with high efficiency and low cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a high-efficiency propagation method of ilex verticillata, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a method for efficiently propagating ilex verticillata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting the rootstock: selecting strong-growing and disease-and-pest-free seedlings of the ilex latifolia with a 2-3-year-old ground diameter of 2.0-4.0 cm as rootstocks;
(2) preparing spike strips: the improved variety of the North American holly is taken as a scion stock tree, and branches growing vigorously and fully in the current year are collected from autumn leaf dropping to early spring before sprouting; wrapping the film with a plastic film, and then placing the film in a refrigeration house or a refrigerator at 0-5 ℃ for refrigeration for later use;
(3) grafting time: when stock wood sprouts sprout in spring;
(4) ear treatment: placing the bottom of the ear strips in the step (2) in plant growth regulation and soaking for 12-24 h;
(5) grafting: cutting the scion strips obtained in the step (4) into scions with 2-3 full buds about 8cm, horizontally cutting an upper cut 1cm above scion buds, cutting one side of a lower cut into a long wedge shape, cutting the opposite side of the lower cut into a short wedge shape, horizontally cutting the nursery stocks obtained in the step (1) 10cm away from the ground, vertically and longitudinally cutting the nursery stocks, wherein the length of the nursery stocks is slightly longer than the wedge surface of the lower cut of the scions, immediately inserting the scions into the cuts of the stocks, aligning two sides or one side of the two cambiums, and tightly binding joints by using a plastic non-drip film, wherein the tightness is proper.
(6) And (4) management after connection: after grafting, the nursery land is kept moist, the scion buds germinate within 10-15 days, the buds on the rootstock are removed in time, the growth and development of the scion are promoted, and when the young shoot of the scion grows to about 30cm, the scion needs to be inserted and protected to prevent wind break. And the water and fertilizer management is enhanced, and the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented and treated in time.
2. The method for efficiently propagating ilex verticillata according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step (4)) The plant growth regulator is GGR 100-150 mg.L-1An aqueous solution of (a).
Advantageous effects
The ilex verticillata and the ilex macrocarpa are both ilex varieties, the genetic relationship is very close, the scion of the ilex verticillata is treated by exogenous hormone by utilizing the characteristic of high affinity between the same species and the same species of plants, the callus at the grafting part is further promoted to be rapidly generated, the ilex macrocarpa transfers nutrients to the scion of the ilex verticillata for rapid growth by relying on root transmission power, the propagation cycle of seedling culture such as cutting of the ilex verticillata is shortened, and the purpose of grafting and outplanting in the same year can be realized; the grafting propagation method can keep the ornamental characteristic of the North America holly, has low propagation cost and simple and convenient operation, and has higher popularization value in the rapid propagation of the ornamental seedlings of the North America holly.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Selecting the rootstock: selecting strong and disease and insect pest-free seedlings of the ilex latifolia with the 2-year-old ground diameter of 2.0cm as rootstocks;
(2) preparing spike strips: taking improved variety 'Oosterwijk' of North America holly as a scion-collecting mother tree, and collecting branches which grow vigorously and are full in the current year after falling leaves in autumn and before sprouting in early spring; wrapping the film with a plastic film, and then placing the film in a refrigeration house or a refrigerator at 0-5 ℃ for refrigeration for later use;
(3) grafting time: when stock wood sprouts sprout in spring;
(4) ear treatment: placing the bottom of the ear of grain of the step (2) on the plant growth regulation GGR100mg & L-1Soaking the mixture in the aqueous solution for 24 hours;
(5) grafting: cutting the scion strips obtained in the step (4) into scions with 2-3 full buds about 8cm, horizontally cutting an upper cut 1cm above scion buds, cutting one side of a lower cut into a long wedge shape, cutting the opposite side of the lower cut into a short wedge shape, horizontally cutting the nursery stocks obtained in the step (1) 10cm away from the ground, vertically and longitudinally cutting the nursery stocks, wherein the length of the nursery stocks is slightly longer than the wedge surface of the lower cut of the scions, immediately inserting the scions into the cuts of the stocks, aligning two sides or one side of the two cambiums, and tightly binding joints by using a plastic non-drip film, wherein the tightness is proper.
(6) And (4) management after connection: after grafting, the nursery land is kept moist, the scion buds germinate within 10-15 days, the buds on the rootstock are removed in time, the growth and development of the scion are promoted, and when the young shoot of the scion grows to about 30cm, the scion needs to be inserted and protected to prevent wind break. And the water and fertilizer management is enhanced, and the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented and treated in time. The grafting survival rate is 90.9%.
Example 2
(1) Selecting the rootstock: selecting strong-growing and disease and insect pest-free ilex latifolia seedlings with the 3-year-old ground diameter of 4.0cm as rootstocks;
(2) preparing spike strips: taking improved variety 'Oosterwijk' of North America holly as a scion-collecting mother tree, and collecting branches which grow vigorously and are full in the current year after falling leaves in autumn and before sprouting in early spring; wrapping the film with a plastic film, and then placing the film in a refrigeration house or a refrigerator at 0-5 ℃ for refrigeration for later use;
(3) grafting time: when stock wood sprouts sprout in spring;
(4) ear treatment: placing the bottom of the ear of grain of the step (2) in the plant growth regulation GGR150mg & L-1Soaking for 12 h;
(5) grafting: and (3) cutting the scion strips obtained in the step (4) into scions with 2-3 full buds about 8cm, horizontally cutting an upper cut 1cm above scion buds, cutting one side of a lower cut into a long wedge shape, cutting the opposite side of the lower cut into a short wedge shape, horizontally cutting the nursery stocks from the ground by 10cm, vertically and longitudinally cutting the nursery stocks, wherein the length of the nursery stocks is slightly longer than the wedge surface of the lower cut of the scions, immediately inserting the scions into the cuts of the stocks, aligning two sides or one side of the two cambiums, and tightly binding joints by using a plastic non-drip film, wherein the tightness is proper.
(6) And (4) management after connection: after grafting, the nursery land is kept moist, the scion buds germinate within 10-15 days, the buds on the rootstock are removed in time, the growth and development of the scion are promoted, and when the young shoot of the scion grows to about 30cm, the scion needs to be inserted and protected to prevent wind break. And the water and fertilizer management is enhanced, and the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented and treated in time. The grafting survival rate reaches 98.5 percent.
Claims (1)
1. A method for efficiently propagating ilex verticillata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting the rootstock: selecting strong-growing and disease-and-pest-free seedlings of the ilex latifolia with a 2-3-year-old ground diameter of 2.0-4.0 cm as rootstocks;
(2) preparing spike strips: the improved variety of the North American holly is taken as a scion stock tree, and branches growing vigorously and fully in the current year are collected from autumn leaf dropping to early spring before sprouting; wrapping the film with a plastic film, and then placing the film in a refrigeration house or a refrigerator at 0-5 ℃ for refrigeration for later use;
(3) grafting time: when stock wood sprouts sprout in spring;
(4) ear treatment: placing the bottom of the scion of the step (2) at GGR 100-150 mg.L-1Soaking the mixture in the aqueous solution for 12 to 24 hours;
(5) grafting: cutting the scion strips obtained in the step (4) into scions with 2-3 full buds about 8cm, horizontally cutting an upper cut 1cm above a scion bud body, cutting one side of a lower cut into a long wedge shape, cutting the opposite side into a short wedge shape, horizontally cutting the nursery stock in the step (1) 10cm away from the ground, vertically and longitudinally cutting the nursery stock, wherein the length of the nursery stock is slightly longer than the wedge surface of the lower cut of the scion, immediately inserting the scions into the cuts of the stocks, aligning two sides or one side of the two cambiums, tightly binding joints by using a plastic non-dropping film, and moderately loosening,
(6) and (4) management after connection: after grafting, the nursery land is kept moist, the scion buds germinate within 10-15 days, the sprouts on the stocks are removed in time, the growth and development of the scions are promoted, when the scion young shoots grow to about 30cm, the scion young shoots need to be inserted into a tree for protection, wind break is prevented, water and fertilizer management is enhanced, and diseases and insect pests are prevented in time.
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| CN109845502A (en) * | 2018-12-15 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of stock grafting ilex verticillata is made with Chinese holly |
| CN109699374B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-03-19 | 南京林业大学 | Cultivation method for weeping ilex verticillata |
| CN116530348A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-08-04 | 永仁远南农业综合开发有限公司 | Rapid propagation method for female-promoting fruiting of Holly in North America |
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| CN103070026A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-01 | 江西省喜果绿化有限公司 | Method for rapidly culturing tree-based fruit holly |
| CN103583173B (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2015-10-21 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | A kind of ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system |
| CN106818341A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 合肥绿叶园林工程有限责任公司 | A kind of ilex verticillata nursery stock pest and disease damage Synthetical prevention method |
| CN107211809A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | American oaks propagation by grafiting method |
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