CN109819873A - A kind of novel Paris polyphylla seedling medium based on smooth pit peach ingredient - Google Patents
A kind of novel Paris polyphylla seedling medium based on smooth pit peach ingredient Download PDFInfo
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- CN109819873A CN109819873A CN201910202407.5A CN201910202407A CN109819873A CN 109819873 A CN109819873 A CN 109819873A CN 201910202407 A CN201910202407 A CN 201910202407A CN 109819873 A CN109819873 A CN 109819873A
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Abstract
Different seedling mediums are conceived from the prior art the present invention provides a kind of, it is using the nucleocapsid crushed material of Tibetan medicine smooth pit peach as main or unique constituent.Compared to traditional matrices such as turfy soil and river sands, the present invention can significantly shorten the time of seed sprouting.The present invention promotes the added value of smooth pit peach also by way of " turning waste into wealth ", has certain economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant cultivation more particularly to a kind of Novel seedling raising bases based on smooth pit peach processing waste
Matter.
Background technique
Smooth pit peach Amygdalus mira (Koehne) Y ü etLu is one kind of rosaceae peach family plant seed, alias mountain wild peach,
Tibetan medicine name Kang Xia, is used as medicine with root, leaf, flower, seed, has the function of cough-relieving, promoting blood circulation, defaecation etc..It is born in height above sea level 2600-4000m's
In theropencedrymion, border, hillside, roadside, originate in Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan.Its fruit is subsphaeroidal, and about 3 centimetres of diameter, meat,
It does not crack, outside is close, and by pubescence, fruit stone is smooth, and it is more unique in peach belongs to, easily distinguished with other kinds.The sugar content of fruit is not high,
Diabetes patient is also edible, leaves peach-pit after edible, and taking its seed is medicinal material hiding peach kernel.The nucleocapsid left after processing can not enter
Medicine can only do offal treatment.
Rhizoma Paridis refers to plant Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis or the paris polyphylla of Liliaceae Paris, there is clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving,
The effect of cool liver is calmed the frightened.The key technique of Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation is seeling industry, and the main means for producing seedling are Paris polyphylla
Seed layer area method nursery, matrix should have following physicochemical characteristics: bulk density is in 0.2~0.8g/cm3, water-holding capacity is greater than
150%；Good porosity and the distribution of uniform gap, total porosity is 60%~70%；Good drainability and air
Capacity, ventilating slit is 20% or more；It is easy rewetting, water holding hole is in 55%-75%；Stable vascular structure, few powder
Dirt；PH value faintly acid is to neutrality；Matrix granule it is uniform in size consistent；Without plant pest and weed seed；Every a batch matrix
Quality be consistent.According to above-mentioned standard, common seedling medium domestic at present is turfy soil+perlite (or vermiculite) system
Column, the common seedling medium of foreign countries are compound coco bran series.
Turfy soil is buried under the ground is lacking air for a long time by the fibre plant in marsh after several years cycling deposition
Under conditions of plant residue slowly decompose, brown color and beige fibre object is presented, is suitble to nursery；But there is bulk density mistakes
Greatly, vulnerable to mould contamination, easily raw weeds the disadvantages of.Coco bran is cocoanut husk fiber dust, can overcome river as seedling medium
The disadvantages of husky or turfy soil bulk density is excessive, vulnerable to mould contamination, easily raw weeds, but coco bran is on the high side；In addition, due to cocoanut tree
It is grown on beach more, is rich in natural salinity in coconut husk, it is necessary to can be only used for planting by rinsing desalting processing, otherwise high saliferous
Amount will lead to plant " burning root ".Since desalinating process superiority and inferiority is different, salt content is difficult to control presently commercially available coco bran product, be easy to
Growing nursery and culture brings hidden danger.Under comprehensively considering, at present at home, the main medium matter or turfy soil of Paris polyphylla, few people
Use coco bran.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel cheap but function admirable Paris polyphylla seedling mediums.Skill of the invention
Art scheme includes:
A kind of botanical seedling culturing matrix, it contains the nucleocapsid crushed material of the smooth pit peach of 80% or more quality accounting.
Further, it contains the nucleocapsid crushed material of the smooth pit peach of 90% or more quality accounting.
Further, it is the nucleocapsid crushed material of smooth pit peach.
Foregoing botanical seedling culturing matrix, the particle size range of the crushed material is 200~900 μm.
Foregoing botanical seedling culturing matrix, the particle size range of the crushed material is 240.1~879 μm.
Smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is preparing the purposes in botanical seedling culturing matrix.
Smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is in Rhizoma Paridis nursery as the purposes of seedling medium.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla, comprising:
1) Seeds preprocess: seed removes exosper, and is carried out disinfection with the sterilization method that seed can be born to seed；
2) mix: seed is mixed with seedling medium as previously described；
3) seed is sprouted: being cultivated under conditions of 15~25 DEG C of temperature, air humidity 80%~90%.
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, the step 1) sterilization method be 1 ‰~3 ‰ (w/w) carbendazim solutions impregnate 30~
60 minutes.
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, seedling medium quality is 5 times of seed or more in step 2).
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, step 2) further include admixing the carbendazim solution of grain weight 0.5%~2% (w/w)；Institute
State the carbendazim solution that carbendazim solution is 1 ‰~3 ‰ (w/w).
Smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material of the invention compares river sand, turf great soil group matrix and coco bran as organic seedling raising matrix
Class matrix has following 8 clear advantages:
First, smooth pit peach matrix G2 are more conducive to Paris polyphylla earthing of seeds nursery relative to matrix such as turfy soils, and shortening is sprouted
It is the hair phase 45 days or more, with the obvious advantage, there is potential economic value.
Second, river sand, turf great soil group matrix can consume the non-renewable money such as a large amount of river sands, turfy soil and perlite, vermiculite
Source, production inevitably destroys ecological environment, and smooth pit peach is renewable plant resources, and china natural resources reserves are abundant,
The protection to natural resources and ecological environment is also beneficial to producing seedling medium as substitute.
Third, the matrix such as river sand, turfy soil unavoidably contain weed seed and pest ovum, and smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material
It is the plant tissue of height lignifying, avoids the above problem；And it is suitable for conventional high-temperature sterilization processing.
4th, the main chemical compositions of smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material are lignin, and lignin is as a kind of boiomacromolecule
Compound, physicochemical characteristic is sufficiently stable, and microbial degradation availability is low, and not vulnerable to mould contamination, cleanliness is more
It is easy to control, the quality of converted products more stable uniform is controllable.
5th, the bulk density range of smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is 0.6~0.66g/cm3, hence it is evident that than the appearance of coco bran class matrix
Weight height (0.2~0.25g/cm3), show that its bond performance is more preferable, when watering is not easy floating and splashes, and is conducive to fixed root system.
6th, since cocoanut tree is grown on beach more, natural salinity is rich in coconut husk, it is necessary to just may be used by rinsing desalting processing
With for planting, otherwise high salinity will lead to plant " burning root ", presently commercially available coco bran product since desalinating process superiority and inferiority is different,
Salt content is difficult to control, and is easy to bring hidden danger to growing nursery and culture, and this problem is not present in smooth pit peach matrix.
7th, the pH value of smooth pit peach matrix is more lower than coco bran, and in the range of faintly acid, the general pH value the low more holds
Easily harmful microbe is avoided to breed.
8th, the waste that nucleocapsid is processed as smooth pit peach, exploitation also significantly increases resource as seedling medium
Utilization rate avoids environmental pollution caused by arbitrarily abandoning, increases the added value of Tibetan medicine material smooth pit peach, can create bigger warp
Benefit of helping and social benefit.
Obviously, above content according to the present invention is not being departed from according to the ordinary technical knowledge and customary means of this field
Under the premise of the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention, the modification, replacement or change of other diversified forms can also be made.
Above content of the invention is described in further detail again below by way of specific embodiment.But it should not be by this
The range for being interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.All technologies realized based on above content of the present invention are equal
Belong to the scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The micro-structure diagram (40 ×) of Fig. 1 smooth pit peach crushed material.
Fig. 2 Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis Seed Germination (G2 matrix).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment Paris polyphylla nursery
1 laboratory apparatus and material
1.1 instrument and equipment
DFA-100A Portable high speed Universalpulverizer (Lin great Machinery Co., Ltd., Wenling city), pharmacopeia sieve (meet
GB6003.1-1997 standard), BSA124S electronic balance (Sai Duolisi scientific instrument Co., Ltd), 101-3-BS electric heating constant temperature
Air dry oven (Shanghai leap Medical Devices Co., Ltd.), (the new skill ultrasonic device in Ningbo has SB-5200D supersonic wave cleaning machine
Limit company), optical microscopy (Seepex optical instrument Co., Ltd, Shenzhen), SX731 type PH counts (Jinan victory island analysis instrument
Co., Ltd), 4L plastic beaker with a scale (Cangzhou Chen Hang Plastic Products Co., Ltd) is 100mL beaker, 1000mL graduated cylinder, straight
The pallet (the prosperous laboratory apparatus Co., Ltd in Hebei) of diameter 15cm.
1.2 experimental material
Smooth pit peach nucleocapsid (removes peach kernel), and in October, 2017 purchases in Sichuan Province Ganzi Derong County；Turfy soil, perlite,
Coco bran and compound coco bran are purchased from thousand furrow flowers and trees company of Chengdu；10mg/mL phloroglucin hydrochloric acid test solution is purchased from the examination of Chengdu section dragon
Agent company；The preparation of smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material: beating powder for smooth pit peach nucleocapsid DFA-100A Portable high speed Universalpulverizer,
Crushed material crosses No. 4 pharmacopeia sieves, and number G1, particle size range is at 0 μm~250 ± 9.9 μm；The crushing that cannot be sieved by No. 4 pharmacopeia
Object is sieved after No. 2 pharmacopeia, number G2, and particle size range is at 250 ± 9.9 μm~850 ± 29 μm；50% carbendazol wettable powder
(Xi'an Gionee that chemical inc).Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed, in late November, 2017 is bought in Dali, identified
It is mature kind of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis Parispolyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz.
Son.Kind of skin is taken in wine-colored natural maturity Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed, select it is full, mature, disease-free, without mildew, undamaged kind
Son, mass of 1000 kernel 219.64g, by red exosper by being mixed with fine sand with 1: 4, rubbing, removal exosper, by seed with originally
Water is cleaned, and is placed in 1~3 ‰ (w/w) carbendazim solution soaking disinfection 30 minutes, is filtered off carbendazim solution, is directly used in experiment
Or it is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and temporarily saves.
2 test methods
The measurement of the physical indexs such as 2.1 bulk density, total porosity, ventilating slit, moisture holding capacity
4L plastic beaker (mark 3L line and dug with pocket knife with small gap) is taken, net weight W1 is claimed；G1 is packed into plastic beaker extremely
3L line, weigh W2；Plastic beaker is sealed with two layers of wet gauze, and institute's staking gap is sealed with mackintosh, is impregnated in water
It 24 hours (note: water level line did not had at least 2cm at the top of beaker always), takes out, removes sealing adhesive plaster, make the above moisture of 3L line natural
It overflows, as weigh under saturated-water phase W3, and by the wet gauze of sealing weighing W4, finally encases plastic beaker with wet gauze
It is inverted 8h, moisture (bulk water) is allowed freely to drain, weigh W5.G2, coco bran step are same as above.Bulk density is in 0.6-0.8g/cm3, total empty
For gap in 60%-70%, moisture holding capacity is the most suitable in 55%-75%.Each physical index: bulk density (g/ is calculated according to following formula
em3): BD=(W2-W1)/3000；Moisture holding capacity (%): θ f=(W5-W1-W4)/(W2-W1) × 100；Total porosity (%):
TP=(W3-W2)/3000 × 100；Ventilating slit (%): AFP=(W3+W4-W5)/3000 × 100；Water holding hole (%): WFP
=TP-AFP；Gas-water ratio=AFP/WFP.
The measurement of 2.2 water-retaining propertys
Water-retaining property is surveyed using high temperature method, matrix G1100 (± 0.01) g of natural air drying sieving is weighed, is put into beaker, adopts
Beaker mouth is sealed with 2 layers of gauze, is put into distilled water and impregnates (water level line did not had at least 2cm at the top of beaker always) for 24 hours, take out
Beaker is inverted 8h, drains bulk water freely, and the absorbent substrate after draining uniformly is laid on the pallet (weight that diameter is 15cm
To weigh (being denoted as W), being put into the constant temperature oven of 80 (± 2) DEG C in W0), weighing (being denoted as Wi), continuous weighting are taken out every 1h
12h.G2, coco bran step are same as above.Comparative experiments data obtain the superiority and inferiority of water retention property.Water retention=(Wi-W0-100)/(W-
W0-100) × 100%.
The measurement of 2.3pH value
It is placed in 1000mL beaker with the matrix G1150mL that 250mL graduated cylinder measures natural air drying sieving, pours into 750mL and go
Ionized water is sufficiently stirred 30min with glass bar, then stands 10h after being sealed with preservative film；Filtering, obtains the filtrate of two kinds of matrix, uses
PH meter measures the pH value of filtrate three times, is denoted as a, b, c, obtained data are averaged.G2, coco bran step are same as above.
The observation of 2.4 microscopic features
It is chosen on smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material to glass slide with dissecting needle, drips upper drop 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and be impregnated with, then drip several drops
85% alcoholic solution of 10mg/ml phloroglucin, covered are observed under the microscope, are photographed to record.
2.5 Paris polyphylla earthing of seeds seedling methods
Currently, the matrix of Paris polyphylla seed layer area method nursery is mainly river sand or turf soil series.Therefore, cloud is randomly selected
3 parts of south heavy building seed, every part 100, seed, 3 parts of seeds are respectively with 3 kinds of matrix such as river sand, turfy soil, smooth pit peach G2 according to matter
Amount ratio 1: 10 mixes, then admixes the carbendazim solution of grain weight 1% (w/w), and the carbendazim solution is 0.5~2 ‰ (w/w)
Carbendazim solution, be fitted into culture dish after mixing thoroughly, be put into biochemical cultivation case, be arranged 20 DEG C of cultivation temperature, air humidity 85%,
Every 5d is checked 1 time.Paris polyphylla seed is in growth course, and prominent kind of skin is radicle at first, indicates opening for seed secondary development
Dynamic, this experiment is sprouted using prominent kind of the skin of radicle as seed, is recorded the sprout time of seed, is observed continuously 12 months, counts every kind
The germination rate of matrix.
3 results
The physical indexs such as 3.1 bulk density, total porosity, ventilating slit, moisture holding capacity
Measurement result is shown in Table 1.As can be seen that the moisture holding capacity of G1 and G2 is all relatively strong, but the ventilating slit of G1 is smaller, ventilation
Ability is markedly less than G2.According to document, each physical index value range of soilless culture substrate is answered are as follows: bulk density is in 0.6-0.8g/
cm3, for total porosity in 60%-70%, water holding gap is most appropriate in 55%-75%.Obviously, every physical index of G1 and G2
Substantially in suitable range.
The every physical index measurement result of table 1
The measurement of 3.2 water-retaining propertys
Experimental data is shown in Table 2, and the water-retaining property of smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is slightly weaker than coco bran, and the water-retaining property of G2 is better than G1.
Each matrix water-retaining property measurement result of table 2
The measurement of 3.3pH value
The pH value of smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material and coco bran is shown in Table 3, and the two is weakly acidic, but the pH value of G1, G2 compare coco bran
It is considerably lower, it is easier to harmful microbe be avoided to breed.
The pH measurement result of each matrix of table 3
The observation of 3.4 microscopic features
G2 is dyed by phloroglucin-hydrochloric acid solution, visible a large amount of brownish red amorphous substances under optical microscopy, is height wood
Matter tissue, main chemical compositions are lignin.
3.5 Paris polyphylla earthing of seeds seedling methods
The sprouting of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed can undergo latter stage of ripening, germination period and seeding stage three phases (see Fig. 2).Fruit maturation
Afterwards, the embryo of Interior Seed continues to develop, and completes physiology after-ripening, this is latter stage of ripening；Under optimum conditions, seed upper end is expanded and is gone out
The radicle of an existing kick, this is germination period；Radicle is grown into, and arrives 4-5cm or so, and radicle growth slows down, and radicle appearance is covered
1-2mm villus is covered, nutrient contained by endosperm is depleted, and seed each section is differentiated perfect, and cotyledon starts to grow, and completion morphology is mature
And each allelotaxis, when external condition is suitable, epicotyl starts again at growth, and plumule is driven to break through soil layer, emergence is completed, this
One period was known as the seeding stage.Sprout time of the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed in 3 kinds of seedling mediums such as turfy soil, river sand, smooth pit peach G2
Significant difference, but germination rate no significant difference, it is essentially identical, it the results are shown in Table 4:
4 Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed sprout time of table and germination rate result
To sum up, smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material water retention property is suitable, and pH value is lower, uses it as the nursery base of Paris polyphylla seed
Matter can shorten sprout time in the case where guaranteeing higher germination rate.Therefore, smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is in Paris polyphylla nursery
There is good prospect in.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of botanical seedling culturing matrix, which is characterized in that it is the nucleocapsid crushed material of smooth pit peach.
2. botanical seedling culturing matrix as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the particle size range of the crushed material is 200~900
μm。
3. botanical seedling culturing matrix as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the particle size range of the crushed material is 240.1~
879μm。
4. smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is preparing the purposes in botanical seedling culturing matrix.
5. smooth pit peach nucleocapsid crushed material is in Rhizoma Paridis nursery as the purposes of seedling medium.
6. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla characterized by comprising
1) Seeds preprocess: seed removes exosper, and is carried out disinfection with the sterilization method that seed can be born to seed；
2) mix: seed is mixed with any seedling medium of claims 1 to 3；
3) seed is sprouted: being cultivated under conditions of 15~25 DEG C of temperature, air humidity 80%~90%.
7. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the step 1) sterilization method is 1 ‰~3 ‰ (w/w)
Carbendazim solution impregnates 30~60 minutes.
8. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in step 2) seedling medium quality be 5 times of seed with
On.
9. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that step 2) further includes admixing grain weight 0.5%~2%
(w/w) carbendazim solution；The carbendazim solution is the carbendazim solution of 1 ‰~3 ‰ (w/w).
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Application publication date: 20190531 |
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