CN108652697B - 手术施夹器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种手术施夹器，包括：壳体；至少一个手柄，其可枢转地连接至壳体；通道组件，其从壳体向远侧延伸出；夹子承载器，其布置于通道组件内并在其中限定了通道；多个夹子，其可滑动地布置于夹子承载器的通道内；驱动通道，其可滑动地支撑于壳体和通道组件中的至少一个内并且可操作地连接至至少一个手柄；夹子推杆，其可滑动地支撑于所述壳体和通道组件中的至少一个内；联接机构，其布置于所述壳体和通道组件中的至少一个中，联接机构可操作地连接至驱动通道和夹子推杆，并且被构造为在驱动通道在第二方向上平移时使夹子推杆在相反的第一方向上平移，并且被构造为在驱动通道在第二方向上进一步平移时将所述夹子推杆保持在适当的位置。
Description
本申请是申请号为201410076318.8、申请日为2014年1月17日、发明名称为“手术施夹器”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2013年1月18日提交的序列号为61/754,143的美国临时专利申请的优先权和权益，其全部内容通过引用结合于此。
技术领域
本申请涉及手术器械，并且更特别地，本申请涉及具有多个夹子的手术施夹器，该手术施夹器用于在手术操作期间将夹子施加到体组织和血管上。
背景技术
手术施夹器在本领域中是已知的，并且手术施夹器因提供对体组织和血管的传统缝合的替代而在外科医生中日益流行。在授予格林(Green)等人的第5,030,226号美国专利以及授予伯班克三世(Burbank III)等人的第5,431,668号美国专利中公开了典型的器械。通常，这些器械提供了多个夹子，这些夹子被存储在器械中并且在打开和闭合器械近侧端处的手柄时向器械远侧端处的钳夹机构被顺序地供给。随着手柄闭合，钳夹闭合从而使得定位于钳夹构件之间的夹子变形，并且随着打开钳夹以释放已变形的夹子，从序列中将新的夹子供给到钳夹之间的位置。重复该过程直到夹子序列中的所有夹子都已被使用。
需要一种具有简化操作的施夹器，使用更少的部件来提供一种更高效和节约成本但同时功能未减少的施夹装置。
发明内容
本申请涉及具有多个夹子的手术施夹器及其使用方法，该手术施夹器用于在手术操作期间将夹子应用到体组织和血管上。
根据本公开的一方案，提供的手术施夹器包括：壳体；至少一个手柄，其可枢转地连接到壳体；通道组件，其从壳体向远侧延伸出；夹子承载器，其布置于通道组件内并在其中限定了通道；多个夹子，其可滑动地布置于夹子承载器的通道内；钳夹组件，其包括从通道组件的与壳体相对的一端延伸出来的一对钳夹，所述钳夹组件适用于将夹子容置于其中并且是能操作的以根据至少一个手柄的移动来实现夹子的成形；以及梭杆(shuttle bar)，其可滑动地支撑于通道组件中并被构造为将夹子从夹子承载器传送到钳夹组件。
根据本公开的一个方案，梭杆包括位于其远侧端处的楔形部，其被构造为用于选择性地***到钳夹之间以将钳夹保持在打开状态。
根据本公开的一个方案，梭杆包括梭箱，其被构造为将来自夹子承载器的夹子容纳于其中用于传送到钳夹组件。
根据本公开的一个方案，梭箱在梭杆向远侧移动时将来自夹子承载器的夹子传送到钳夹组件。
根据本公开的一个方案，当梭杆处于近侧位置时，梭箱抵靠夹子承载器对接以将夹子容纳于其中。
根据本公开的一个方案，当梭杆处于远侧位置时，梭箱抵靠钳夹组件对接。
根据本公开的一个方案，施夹器进一步包括夹子推杆，其可滑动地支撑于壳体和通道组件中的至少一个内，并且能朝着钳夹组件移动以将夹子从保持在梭箱中的位置驱使到钳夹之间的位置。
根据本公开的一个方案，施夹器进一步包括夹子加载器，其可滑动地支撑于通道组件内，并且能相对于夹子承载器平移以将夹子承载器的最远侧夹子驱使到梭箱中。
根据本公开的一个方案，夹子承载器包括与其最远侧夹子相邻的槽口，用于在夹子加载器相对于夹子承载器平移时经由该槽口容纳夹子加载器，使得夹子加载器的舌片与最远侧夹子相接合以驱使最远侧夹子进入梭箱中。
根据本公开的一个方案，施夹器进一步包括驱动通道，其可滑动地支撑于壳体和通道组件中的至少一个内，具有可操作地连接至至少一个手柄的第一端和被构造和定尺寸为选择性地与一对钳夹相接合的第二端，以实现一对钳夹的闭合。随着至少一个手柄在第一方向上被致动，驱动通道朝向钳夹组件移动以使其第二端朝着钳夹移动从而使钳夹关闭，随着至少一个手柄在第二方向上被致动，驱动通道远离钳夹移动以使其第二端远离钳夹移动从而允许钳夹打开。
根据本公开的一个方案，提供的手术施夹器包括：壳体；至少一个手柄，其可枢转地连接到壳体；通道组件，其从壳体向远侧延伸出；夹子承载器，其布置于通道组件内并在其中限定了通道；多个夹子，其可滑动地布置于夹子承载器的通道内；驱动通道，其可滑动地支撑于壳体和通道组件中的至少一个内并且可操作地连接至至少一个手柄；夹子推杆，其可滑动地支撑于壳体和通道组件中的至少一个内；以及联接机构，其布置于壳体和通道组件中的至少一个中。联接机构可操作地连接至驱动通道和夹子推杆，并且被构造为在驱动通道在第二方向上平移时使推杆在相反的第一方向上平移，并且被构造为在驱动通道进一步平移时将夹子推杆保持在适当的位置。
根据本公开的一个方案，联接机构包括凸轮槽，其具有可滑动地布置于其内并且可操作地连接至驱动通道的第一销。第一销在驱动通道平移时可沿着凸轮槽滑动。
根据本公开的一个方案，凸轮槽包括凸轮部和驻留部(dwell portion)。在驱动通道在第二方向上平移时，第一销能够沿着凸轮部滑动以使得联接机构将推杆在第一方向上移动。在驱动通道进一步平移时，第一销能够沿着驻留部滑动从而允许联接机构将推杆保持在适当的位置。
根据本公开的一个方案，联接机构包括第一联接臂，其可旋转地且至少部分地布置于壳体内，并且当第一销沿着凸轮槽的凸轮部平移时，第一联接臂能旋转以使推杆在第一方向上平移。
根据本公开的一个方案，第一销可滑动地容纳在壳体的第一狭槽中，并且能够在驱动杆平移期间沿着壳体的第一狭槽和联接机构的凸轮槽滑动，从而使第一联接臂相对于壳体旋转。
根据本公开的一个方案，联接机构进一步包括第二联接臂，其可旋转地固定于第一联接臂并且通过第二销可滑动地固定于壳体，第二销可滑动地布置于壳体的第二狭槽中。当第一联接臂旋转时，第二联接臂相对于第一联接臂旋转并使得第二销沿着壳体的第二狭槽滑动。第二销可操作地连接至推杆以在第二销沿着壳体的第二狭槽平移时实现推杆相对于壳体的平移。
根据本公开的一个方案，施夹器进一步包括梭杆，其可滑动地支撑于通道组件中并被构造为将夹子从夹子承载器传送到钳夹组件。推杆被构造为在第一方向的初始平移之后与梭杆相接合从而使梭杆在第一方向上平移。
根据本公开的一个方案，推杆包括延伸进入梭杆的狭槽中的鳍状物(fin)，所述鳍状物被构造为与所述狭槽的一端相接合从而使梭杆至少在第一方向上平移。
根据本公开的一个方案，在推杆在第一方向上初始平移之前，推杆驱使梭杆的近端部抵靠壳体的切口，并随后在推杆在第一方向的初始平移之后，将梭杆从切口释放以允许梭杆在第一方向上平移。
根据本公开的一个方案，施夹器进一步包括钳夹组件，其包括从通道组件的与壳体相对的一端延伸出来的一对钳夹。钳夹组件适用于将夹子容置于其中并且是能操作的以根据至少一个手柄的移动实现夹子的成形。
虽然基于方便和清楚的目的，上述方案和实施方式都是分别进行描述的，但是能够预料到上述方案和实施方式可进行组合而不会偏离本公开的范围。
附图说明
当结合下面的附图考虑时，由于通过下面的详细说明可以更好地理解本发明的施夹器，所以本发明的施夹器将得到更加全面的了解，在附图中：
图1是根据本公开实施方式的手术施夹器的俯视立体图，其中从其移除了半壳体部；
图2是图1的手术施夹器的仰视立体图；
图3是图1至图2的手术施夹器的分解立体图；
图4是图1的施夹器的推杆的立体图；
图5是图4的细节指示区域的放大图；
图6是图4的细节指示区域的放大图；
图7是图1施夹器的梭杆的俯视立体图；
图8是图7的梭杆的仰视立体图；
图9是图7的细节指示区域的放大图；
图10是图8的细节指示区域的放大图；
图11是沿图1的11-11所观察到的施夹器壳体的侧视图；
图12是图1的施夹器的俯视平面图；
图13是图1的施夹器的侧视图；
图14是图1施夹器的轴组件和壳体的立体图；
图15是图14的细节指示区域的放大图；
图16是图14的细节指示区域的放大图；
图17是图16放大视图的仰视立体图；
图18是图14的轴组件和壳体的立体图，其中从其移除了盖子和梭杆；
图19是图18的细节指示区域的放大图；
图20是图14的轴组件和壳体的立体图，其中从其移除了盖子、梭杆和推杆；
图21是图19的细节指示区域的放大图；
图22是图20的轴组件的远侧端的放大图，其中从其移除了夹子承载器；
图23是图14的轴组件和壳体的仰视立体图，其中从其移除了下部通道；
图24是图23的细节指示区域的放大图；
图25是沿图1的25-25所取的图12施夹器的侧剖视图；
图26是图25的细节指示区域的放大图；
图27是图26的细节指示区域的放大图；
图28是图27的细节指示区域的放大图；
图29是图25的细节指示区域的放大图；
图30是图29的细节指示区域的放大图；
图31是沿图28的31-31所观察到的轴组件的剖视图；
图32是沿图30的32-32所观察到的轴组件的剖视图；
图33是沿图29的33-33所观察到的轴组件的剖视图；
图34是图33的细节指示区域的放大图；
图35是在初始挤压手柄期间图1的手术施夹器的俯视平面图；
图36是图35的手术施夹器的侧剖视图；
图37是图36的细节指示区域的放大图；
图38是图37的细节指示区域的放大图；
图39是图36的细节指示区域的放大图；
图40是在继续挤压手柄期间图35的手术施夹器的侧剖视图；
图41是图40的细节指示区域的放大图；
图42是图40的细节指示区域的放大图；
图43是图42的钳夹组件和轴组件的俯视立体图；
图44是图43的轴组件的仰视立体图，其中从其移除了钳夹组件、驱动通道和下部钉仓；
图45是图35的手术施夹器的俯视平面图，图示出了手柄处于被完全挤压的状态；
图46是图45的细节指示区域的放大图；
图47是图示出成形的夹子的立体图，其中在成形的夹子中夹持有组织或血管；
图48是图40中标识为41的区域的另一放大图，此时手柄处于被完全挤压的状态；
图49是图45的轴组件的远侧端和钳夹组件的放大剖视图；
图50是图45的轴组件的远侧端的放大立体图，其中移除了部分部件，图示出了夹子加载器驱动最远侧夹子进入梭箱里；
图51是图40中标识为41的区域的另一放大图，此时手柄处于初始松开的状态；
图52是图40中标识为41的区域的另一放大图，此时手柄继续松开；
图53是图40中标识为41的区域的另一放大图，此时手柄进一步继续松开；
图54是在手柄继续松开期间图45的轴组件的远侧端的侧剖视图；
图55是图54的轴组件的远侧端和钳夹组件的立体图；
图56是图40标识为41的区域的另一放大图，此时手柄处于完全松开的状态；以及
图57是手柄已经被完全松开之后，图54的轴组件的远侧端和钳夹组件的侧剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在，将参照附图详细地描述根据本公开的手术施夹器的实施方式，其中，相似的附图标记表示相似或相同的结构元件。如附图中所示和在整个以下说明中描述的，按照惯例，当涉及手术器械上的相对定位时，术语“近侧”是指装置的较靠近用户的端部，而术语“远侧”是指装置的较远离用户的端部。
现在参照图1-3，依照本公开实施方式的手术施夹器主要用100表示。手术施夹器100主要包括手柄组件102，手柄组件102包括具有上半壳体104a和下半壳体104b的内壳体104。未示出施夹器100的另一壳体。手柄组件102进一步包括一对手柄106，一对手柄106可枢转地固定至内壳体104并从其向外延伸出。通道组件108被牢固地固定至内壳体104并从其向远侧延伸出，终止于被支撑在通道组件108的远侧端中的钳夹组件110。如图1-3所示，施夹器100的半壳体104a和半壳体104b通过例如相互搭扣配合而装配在一起。可替换地，半壳体104a和半壳体104b可通过一个或多个螺钉、紧固件等或通过使用胶水或其他粘合剂而联结。
如图3所示，手柄106通过手柄枢转销104d固定到内壳体104，手柄枢转销104d通过形成于手柄106中的相应孔106a而在下半壳体104b和上半壳体104a之间延伸。手柄组件102包括连杆构件122，在形成于各个手柄106中的枢转点106b处，连杆构件122被枢转地连接到各手柄106。每个连杆构件122的远侧端经由驱动销124被枢转地连接到形成于驱动通道140中的枢转点。驱动销124通过驱动通道140中的开口140a而被容纳。使用中，如将在下面更详细介绍的那样，随着手柄106被挤压，连杆构件122经由驱动销124将驱动通道140向远侧推动。
通道组件108包括通道或钉仓盖130和外部通道或下部通道132，两者在上半壳体104a和下半壳体104b之间分别具有保持在壳体组件102中的近侧端。
如图3至图6可见，施夹器100包括可滑动地布置在钉仓盖130下方的夹子推杆160。推杆160包括限定了推动器160c的远侧端160a，推动器160c被构造为并适用于选择性地接合/移动存储于手术施夹器100中的一叠夹子“c”中最远侧的夹子“C1”(图3)。推杆160进一步包括近侧端160b，近侧端160b限定有开口160d用于通过其容纳联接机构164的销168b。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，推杆160进一步包括沿着其长度的至少一部分延伸的通道160e，用于滑动容纳梭杆162。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，推杆160进一步包括细长凸起部或鳍状物(fin)160f，其用于与梭杆162的狭槽162f相接合从而将推杆160的平移传递给梭杆162。推杆160还包括从近侧端160b延伸出来的凸起部或肋160g，其被构造为当推杆162位于最远侧位置时禁止梭杆162向近侧平移(图40)。
如图3和图7至图10可见，施夹器100包括可滑动地布置在推杆160的通道160e内的梭杆162。梭杆162包括限定有楔形部162c和梭箱162d的远侧端162a。楔形部162c被构造为用于选择性***到钳夹构件110之间从而当梭杆162处于远侧位置时保持钳夹构件110处于分隔开的状态。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，梭箱162d被构造为容纳夹子承载器170的最远侧夹子“C1”并且在梭杆162向远侧平移时将最远侧夹子“C1”传送到钳夹构件110。
梭杆162进一步包括近侧端162b，近侧端162b包括从其延伸出的横向销162e，用于接合上壳体104a。销162e与上壳体104a的纵向槽104f(图11)可滑动地相接合，并且当梭杆162处于最远侧位置时可与上壳体104a的槽口或切口104h(图11)相接合。例如，使用中，随着推杆160向远侧平移，其凸起部160g抵靠梭杆162的近侧端162b接合并且驱动梭杆162的近侧端162b向上，同时销162e置于上壳体104a的切口104h中。梭杆162进一步包括沿着其长度的至少一部分延伸的狭槽162f，用于容纳推杆160的鳍状物160f。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，狭槽162f和鳍状物160f被构造为将推杆160的平移传递给梭杆162。
梭箱162d包括一对臂162g，其形成用于将夹子“C”，例如最远侧夹子“C1”容纳于其中的通道或狭槽162h。梭箱162d被构造为抵靠夹子承载器170的远侧端对接，其中梭箱162d的臂162g包括斜角表面162i，斜角表面162i用于与夹子承载器170的对应的斜角臂170f(图44)相接合。梭箱162d被构造为将最远侧夹子“C1”传送并加载到钳夹组件110中。梭箱162d进一步包括切口162j(图43)，切口162j具有柔性片162k(图43)，其被构造为在推杆160相对于梭杆162平移期间提供给推动器160c一空隙。
如图3和图11可见，施夹器100包括联接机构164，其具有可滑动地和枢转地固定于驱动通道140的第一联接臂166和可枢转地固定至推杆160的第二联接臂168。第一联接臂166的突起166a可枢转地固定于第二联接臂168的开口168a中从而允许第一联接臂166相对于第二联接臂168枢转。
第一联接臂166通过延伸穿过上壳体104a的孔104g的一对突起或凸块166b被可枢转地或可旋转地固定至上内壳体104a。第一联接臂166包括凸轮槽166c，用于将销166d滑动地容纳于其中。销166d还被容纳在驱动通道140的开口140d内并且可滑动地容纳在上壳体104a的第一狭槽104d内，使得随着驱动通道140相对于上壳体104a平移，销166d也沿着第一狭槽104d相对于上半壳104a平移。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，因为第一联接臂166被枢转地固定至上壳体104a，因此在驱动通道140相对于上壳体104a平移期间，销166d沿凸轮槽166c行进从而使第一联接臂166凸轮运动。
第二联接臂168通过穿过第二联接臂168的开口168c被容纳的销168b而可枢转地或可旋转地固定至推杆160。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，销168b还可滑动地容纳在上壳体104a的第二狭槽104e内，使得在驱动通道140平移期间随着第一联接臂166凸轮运动，第二联接臂168通过第一联接臂旋转和平移从而使推杆160平移。
如图3、图20至图21和图43至图44可见，施夹器100进一步包括夹子承载器170，其被布置在通道组件108内和推杆160下方。夹子承载器170通常为盒式结构，具有上壁170a、一对侧壁170b和下壁170c，它们限定了一条穿过其中的通道170d。
一叠手术夹子“C”以以便在其内和/或沿其滑动的方式被加载和/或保持在夹子承载器170的通道170d内。多个手术夹子“C”的夹子在通道170d内按照头尾相接的形式排列。夹子承载器170进一步包括：位于通道170d的远侧端处的舌片170e(图21)，用于将最远侧夹子“C1”保持在适当位置；和一对斜角臂170f，其被定尺寸用于当梭箱162与夹子承载器170对接时抵靠梭箱162的臂162g相接合从而有助于确保梭箱162和夹子承载器170之间能正确的对接。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，夹子承载器170进一步包括窗口或槽口170g(图44)，其延伸通过下壁170d并且被构造为用于在驱动通道140相对于夹子承载器170平移期间通过该窗口或槽口容纳夹子加载器140c的舌片140e。
如图3和图23至图24可见，施夹器100进一步包括夹子输出器174，其可滑动地布置在夹子承载器170的通道170d内。如将在下面更详细地讨论的那样，夹子输出器174被定位在一叠手术夹子“C”的后面并被设置为在施夹器100致动期间驱使一叠夹子“C”向前。夹子输出器174通过夹子弹簧176抵住一叠夹子“C”偏置。夹子弹簧176的远侧端176a在钳夹组件110的近侧端处被固定地附接至钳夹组件110(或装置中的其他固定结构)，并且绕附接至夹子输出器174的近侧端的线轴176b被卷绕。在施夹器100致动期间，随着夹子“C”被使用和保留于夹子承载器100中的夹子“C”数目的减少，在弹簧176的远侧端176a被固定地紧固在适当位置的条件下，弹簧176绕着线轴176b卷起从而驱使夹子输出器抵着一叠夹子“C”并且对夹子承载器170内的一叠夹子“C”进行偏置。弹簧176可采用等拉力弹簧或其他类似的偏置元件的形式。
如图3、图12、图14至图15和图22可见，施夹器100包括驱动通道140，其往复运动地支撑于手柄组件102和通道组件108内并且在手柄组件102和通道组件108之间延伸。在推杆160下方的位置处，驱动通道140的中部被支撑在内壳体104的上半壳体104a和下半壳体104b之间，并且驱动通道140的远侧端被支撑在通道组件108的钉仓盖130和外部通道132之间。驱动通道140的远侧端是基本盒形通道140b，用于容纳钳夹组件110和在驱动通道140相对于钳夹组件110平移时致动钳夹组件110。驱动通道140从内壳体104向近侧延伸出，并且包括通过其容纳驱动销124的开口140a，以将连杆构件122附接至驱动通道140。驱动通道140包括用于通过其容纳第一联接臂166的狭槽140g。
现在参见图3、图22、图42和图44，施夹器100进一步包括夹子加载器140c(图22)，其与驱动通道140的窗口140d相邻地附接至驱动通道140，夹子加载器140c包括舌片140e，其布置在窗口140d上方并向外偏置抵住夹子承载器170。如将在下面更详细地介绍的，舌片140e一开始被布置在驱动通道140的窗口140d中，并被构造成当驱动通道140相对于夹子承载器170平移时延伸通过夹子承载器170的槽口170g以与最远侧夹子“C1”相接合，从而驱动最远侧夹子“C1”进入梭箱162d中。
如图3、图22和图43可见，钳夹组件110包括一对钳夹120，一对钳夹120被安装在通道组件108的远侧端上或通道组件108的远侧端处，并能够由手柄组件102的手柄106致动。钳夹120由合适的生物相容材料制成，比如不锈钢或钛。
钳夹120经由延伸穿过驱动通道140的狭槽140f的夹子120b等而安装在驱动通道140的远侧端中，使得钳夹120相对于外部通道132和驱动通道140在纵向上固定。如图12、图14、图17和图19可见，钳夹120在其间限定了通道120a，用于将手术夹子“C”容纳于其中。
手术施夹器100可包括布置在通道组件108中的锁定机构(未示出)。当最近侧的或最后一个夹子“C3”从施夹器中排出时，锁定件可由夹子输出器174致动。锁定件可由夹子输出器174驱使以延伸跨过驱动通道140的路径，从而防止驱动通道140向远侧移动。可在于2009年8月13日提交的公开号为2010/0049216、名称为“手术施夹器及组装方法”(“Surgical Clip Applier and Method of Assembly”)的美国专利中找到各种合适的锁定机构的示例，其全文通过引用结合于此。
手术施夹器100可进一步包括被支撑在内壳体104和通道组件108中的至少一个中的计数机构(未示出)。计数机构可被构造为并适用于在手柄106每次致动时显示施夹器中的变化，例如，增加或减少。可在于2009年8月13日提交的公开号为2010/0049216、名称为“手术施夹器及组装方法”的美国专利中找到合适的计数机构的示例，其全文通过引用结合于此。
手术施夹器100可进一步包括棘轮机构(未示出)，其包括具有多个齿的齿条和具有至少一个齿的爪，爪被构造为选择性地与齿条相接合。棘轮机构可被构造为在手柄106完全致动之前禁止驱动通道140的意外返回。可在于2009年8月13日提交的公开号为2010/0049216、发明名称为“手术施夹器及组装方法”的美国专利中找到合适的棘轮机构的示例，其全文通过引用结合于此。
参照12至图57，提供了施夹器100的操作。现在参照图12至图34，在对施夹器100的手柄106进行任何初始挤压之前，在第一个夹子“C”被加载到钳夹120中的初始或原始位置，驱动销124(图25和图26)和驱动通道140位于最近侧位置，其中销166d处于上壳体104a的第一狭槽104d(图11)的近侧端，推杆160位于最远侧位置，其中销168b布置在上壳体104a的第二狭槽104e(图11)的远侧端处，并且梭杆162位于最远侧位置，其中销162e布置在切口104h(图11)中。
如图25至图27中所示，在初始位置，第一联接臂166和第二联接臂168基本上是纵向对齐并且完全伸展开的。如图14至图15和图28中所示，在初始位置，推杆160的鳍状物160f位于梭杆162的狭槽162f的远侧端处。如图16、图17和图29至图30可见，在初始位置，推杆160的推动器160c抵靠布置在钳夹120之间的夹子“C”而定位，梭箱162d与钳夹120对接并且对接在钳夹120之间，具体来说是楔形部162c被布置在钳夹120之间从而使钳夹120保持在间隔开的状态。如图18至图19和图29至图30可见，在初始位置，推杆160的推动器160c抵靠被加载到钳夹120中的夹子“C”的后胯部而接合。如图23和图24可见，在初始位置，夹子输出器174被偏置抵住最近侧夹子“C2”，而夹子承载器170中的最远侧夹子“C1”被夹子承载器170的舌片170e(图21)保持在适当位置上直到驱动通道140的夹子加载器140c(图22)将最远侧夹子“C1”从夹子承载器170加载到梭箱162d中为止，这将在下面进一步详细地介绍。
现在参照图35至图39，将要描述施夹器100的手柄106的初始挤压。如图35所示，随着手柄106被挤压一初始量，连杆构件122向远侧推动驱动销124。随着驱动销124被向远侧推动，驱动通道140也向远侧平移。
如图36和37所示，在初始挤压手柄106期间，随着驱动通道向远侧平移，由于联接机构164的销166d通过驱动通道140的开口140d(图3)而被布置，所以销166d也沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104d(图11)向远侧移动。
在初始挤压手柄106期间，随着销166d沿着狭槽104d朝远侧移动，销166d沿着第一联接臂166的凸轮槽166c的凸轮部166f(图37)做凸轮运动，从而使第一联接臂166绕着被布置在上壳体104a的开口104g(图11)中的突起166b(图11)旋转。
随着第一联接臂166绕着突起166b旋转，由于突起166a(图3和11)布置在第二联接臂168的开口168a(图3、图11、图14和图15)中，所以第二联接臂168绕着第一联接臂166的突起166a相对于第一联接臂166旋转。随着第二联接臂168绕着第一联接臂166的突起166a(图3和图11)旋转，销168b(图37)沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104e朝近侧滑动。
在初始挤压手柄106期间，随着销168b沿着狭槽104e朝近侧滑动，推杆160由于销168b布置在推杆160的开口160d(图3和11)中，而因此也被向近侧拉动。
随着推杆160被销168b朝近侧拉动，推杆160的凸起部160g向梭杆162的近侧移动，使得梭杆162的腿部162e与上壳体104a的切口104h脱离。
现在参照图38，在初始挤压手柄106期间，随着推杆160被销168b朝近侧拉动，推杆160的鳍状物160f沿着梭杆162的狭槽162f滑动并且抵靠狭槽162f的近侧端而接合。一旦推杆160的鳍状物160f抵靠狭槽162f的近侧端接合，并且梭杆162的销162e与上壳体104a的切口104h脱离，则梭杆162由于鳍状物160f与狭槽162f的近侧端相接合而也开始与推杆160一起朝近侧移动。
现在参照图39，随着推杆160朝近侧移动，推动器160c与布置在钳夹120中的夹子“C”脱离并朝近侧移出钳夹120。
随着推杆160开始朝近侧移动梭杆162，梭箱162d也朝近侧移动，其中梭杆162的楔形部162c从钳夹120之间撤回。
还是在初始挤压手柄106期间，随着驱动通道140朝远侧移动，夹子加载器140c也朝远侧移动。
现在参照图40至图44，将要描述进一步继续挤压施夹器100的手柄106。如图40和图41所示，随着手柄106(图1)接着被挤压一定量，驱动通道140继续向远侧移动，其中联接机构164的销166d继续沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104d(图11)以及沿着凸轮槽166c的凸轮部166f行进从而进一步地使第一联接臂166相对于上壳体104a旋转到最大旋转位置(图41)。如图41可见，凸轮槽166c包括限定了曲形或弓形路径的凸轮部166f和限定了基本线性路径的驻留部(dwell portion)166e，当第一联接臂166处于最大旋转位置时所述基本线性路径与驱动通道140基本上是对齐的。驻留部166e被构造为，允许联接机构164的销166d因驱动通道140的进一步向远侧移动而能沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104d以及第一联接臂166的凸轮槽166c而进一步向远侧移动，不需要第一联接臂166相对于上壳体104a进一步旋转。
随着第一联接臂166相对于上壳体104a旋转到最大旋转位置(图41)，在进一步继续挤压手柄106期间，第二联接臂168也相对于第一联接臂166旋转。随着第二联接臂168相对于第一联接臂166旋转，第二联接臂168的销168b沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104e继续朝近侧移动，直至销168b到达狭槽104e的近侧端(图41)。
随着第二联接臂168的销168b沿着狭槽104e继续朝近侧移动，在进一步继续挤压手柄106期间，推杆160由于销168b布置在推杆160的开口160d中，所以也继续朝近侧移动，直至销168b到达狭槽104e的近侧端。一旦销168b到达了狭槽104e的近侧端，则推杆160会位于最近侧位置。
在进一步继续挤压手柄106期间，随着推杆160继续朝近侧移动，在鳍状物160f抵靠梭杆162的狭槽162f的近侧端而接合时，梭杆162也继续朝近侧移动。当推杆到达最近侧位置时，被鳍状物160f朝近侧拉动的梭杆162也到达了位于上壳体104a的槽104f近侧端处的最近侧位置。
此外，一旦销166d到达了第一联接臂166的驻留部166e，在推杆160和梭杆162处在最近侧位置时，对手柄106的任何进一步挤压会继续使驱动杆140和销166d向远侧沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104d以及沿着凸轮槽166c的驻留部166e朝远侧平移，但不会使推杆160和梭杆162进一步朝近侧移动。
现在参照图42至图44，在进一步继续挤压手柄106期间，当梭杆162到达最近侧位置时，梭箱162d也布置在抵靠夹子承载器170的远侧端对接的最近侧位置。
在进一步继续挤压手柄106期间，当推杆160和梭杆162处在最近侧位置时，推杆160的推动器160c被容纳在梭箱162d的切口162j中，同时梭箱162d的柔性片162k弯曲从而为推动器160c提供空隙。
随着驱动通道140继续朝远侧移动，夹子加载器140c也与舌片140e一起朝远侧移动(舌片140e延伸通过夹子承载器170的槽口170g以与最远侧夹子“C1”的后胯部相接合)，从而驱使最远侧夹子“C1”进入梭箱162d中。
在进一步继续挤压手柄106期间，随着驱动通道140朝远侧平移，驱动通道140的表面抵靠钳夹120的表面而接合，以使钳夹120从打开位置凸轮运动到闭合位置从而使布置在钳夹120之间的夹子“C”成形。
现在参照图45至图50，现在将要描述手柄106处于被完全挤压位置时施夹器100的状态。
如图45至图47所示，在手柄106处于被完全挤压位置时，驱动通道140处于最远侧位置，使钳夹120凸轮运动而闭合从而使夹子“C”绕着组织或血管“T”(图47)成形。
现在参照图48，驱动通道140处于最远侧位置，其中销166d处于上壳体104a的狭槽104d的远侧端和处于凸轮槽166c的驻留部166e的末端。推杆160和梭杆162仍布置在最近侧位置。
现在参照图49和50，在手柄106处于被完全挤压位置并且驱动通道140处于最远侧位置时，夹子加载器140c的舌片140e被完全地***并延伸通过夹子承载器170的槽口170g，同时一叠夹子“C”中的最远侧夹子“C1”被完全驱使进入梭箱162d中。下一个最远侧夹子“C3”由于舌片170e而在弹簧176的偏置作用下保持在夹子承载器170内。
现在参照图51至图57，现在将要描述施夹器100的手柄106松开或返回到原始位置。
如图51中所示，在初始松开手柄106期间，驱动通道140由于驱动销124与手柄106的连杆构件122的接合，而开始从最远侧位置朝近侧移动。随着驱动通道140朝近侧移动一初始量，联接机构164的销166d沿着第一联接臂166的驻留部166e移动并沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104d朝近侧移动。第一联接臂166和第二联接臂168保持在最大旋转位置，同时推杆160和梭杆162保持布置在应当的最近侧位置处。
现在参照图52，在进一步松开手柄106期间，随着驱动通道140和销166d继续朝近侧平移，联接机构164的销166d开始抵着第一联接臂166的凸轮槽166c凸轮运动以使第一联接臂166绕突起166b相对于上壳体104a旋转。
随着第一联接臂166相对于上壳体104a旋转，第二联接臂168由于第一联接臂166的突起166a布置在第二联接臂168的开口168a中，而相对于第一联接臂166旋转，并且沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104e朝远侧驱动联接机构164的销168b。
在进一步松开手柄106期间，随着联接机构164的销168b沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104e朝远侧移动，推杆160由于联接机构164的销168b布置在推杆160的开口160d中，而朝远侧平移。
随着推杆160朝远侧平移，梭杆162由于推杆162的凸起部160g抵靠梭杆162近侧端接合，而也沿着槽104f朝远侧平移，直至梭箱162d在最远侧位置处抵靠钳夹120相对接(图54和55)。以这种方式，最远侧夹子“C1”通过梭箱162d以受控的方式从夹子承载器170传送到钳夹120。
现在参照图53，仍在进一步松开手柄106期间，随着驱动通道140和联接机构164的销166d继续朝近侧平移，同时销166d使第一联接臂166相对于上壳体104a进一步旋转，同时第一联接臂166使第二联接臂168相对于第一联接臂166进一步旋转，同时第二联接臂168进一步沿着上壳体104a的狭槽104e朝远侧驱动销168b，并且同时销168使推杆160进一步朝远侧平移，则推杆160的凸起部160g在梭杆162的近侧端下方移动并驱动梭杆162的销162e进入上壳体104a的切口104h中。
现在参照图54和55，随着推杆160继续朝远侧平移，同时梭杆162布置在最远侧位置，推动器160c相对于梭箱162d朝远侧平移从而与最远侧夹子“C1”的后胯部相接合并驱使最远侧夹子“C1”进入到钳夹120中。如图54和图55中可见，梭杆162的楔形部162c布置在钳夹120之间以将钳夹120保持在打开状态用于***最远侧夹子“C1”。
现在参照图56，随着手柄106被完全松开，其中驱动通道140处于最近侧位置，联接机构164的销166d处于上壳体104a的狭槽104d的近侧端处并且布置在驻留部166e的端部处，驻留部166e已使第一联接臂166旋转到与驱动通道140基本上对齐的位置。第二联接臂168与驱动通道140基本上对齐，其中联接机构164的销168b布置在上壳体104a的狭槽104d的远侧端处。推杆160布置在最远侧位置处，同时它的凸起部160g布置在梭杆162的近侧端的下面。梭杆162的销162e布置在上壳体104a的切口104h中，从而禁止梭杆162相对于上壳体104a朝近侧移动。
现在参照图57，随着手柄106被完全松开，梭箱162d抵靠钳夹120相对接，其中它的楔形部162c布置在钳夹120之间以使钳夹120保持在打开状态。推动器160c抵靠布置于钳夹120中的最远侧夹子“C1”的后胯部而布置。当驱动通道140处于最近侧位置时，夹子加载器140c的舌片140e布置在夹子承载器170的槽口170g的近侧。下一个最远侧夹子“C3”布置在夹子承载器170的远侧端处并且被夹子承载器170的柔性片170e保持和被弹簧176偏置。
在手柄106返回至初始或原始位置之后，施夹器100准备好将另外的夹子施加到组织上。
应当理解到的是，前述的说明书仅仅是对本公开的解释说明。本领域技术人员能够在不脱离公开的基础上设想各种替换方案和修正方案。因此，本公开旨在涵盖所有这样的替换方案、修正方案和变型形式。参照附图描述的实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开内容的特定示例而呈现的。与上面介绍的/或所附权利要求中的内容没有本质区别的其他元件、步骤、方法和技术也旨在纳入到本公开的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种手术施夹器，包括：
壳体；
至少一个手柄，其可枢转地连接至壳体；
通道组件，其从壳体向远侧延伸出；
夹子承载器，其布置于所述通道组件内并在其中限定了通道；
多个夹子，其可滑动地布置于所述夹子承载器的所述通道内；
驱动通道，其可滑动地支撑于所述壳体和所述通道组件中的至少一个内并且可操作地连接至所述至少一个手柄；
夹子推杆，其可滑动地支撑于所述壳体和所述通道组件中的至少一个内；
联接机构，其布置于所述壳体和所述通道组件中的至少一个中，所述联接机构可操作地连接至所述驱动通道和所述夹子推杆，并且被构造为在所述驱动通道在第二方向上平移时使所述夹子推杆在相反的第一方向上平移，并且被构造为在所述驱动通道在第二方向上进一步平移时将所述夹子推杆保持在适当的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的施夹器，其中联接机构包括凸轮槽，其具有可滑动地布置于其内的第一销，所述第一销可操作地连接至所述驱动通道并且在所述驱动通道平移时能沿着所述凸轮槽滑动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的施夹器，其中所述凸轮槽包括凸轮部和驻留部，当驱动通道在第二方向上平移时，所述第一销能够沿着所述凸轮部滑动以使得所述联接机构将所述夹子推杆在第一方向上平移，并且在驱动通道进一步平移时，所述第一销能够沿着驻留部滑动从而允许联接机构将夹子推杆保持在适当的位置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的施夹器，其中联接机构包括第一联接臂，其可旋转地且至少部分地布置于壳体内，当第一销沿着凸轮槽的凸轮部平移时，所述第一联接臂能够旋转以使夹子推杆在第一方向上平移。
5.根据权利要求4所述的施夹器，其中第一销可滑动地容纳在壳体的第一狭槽中，并且能够在驱动杆平移期间沿着壳体的第一狭槽和联接机构的凸轮槽滑动，从而使第一联接臂相对于壳体旋转。
6.根据权利要求4所述的施夹器，其中联接机构进一步包括第二联接臂，其可旋转地固定于第一联接臂并且通过第二销可滑动地固定于壳体，所述第二销可滑动地布置于壳体的第二狭槽中，其中当第一联接臂旋转时，第二联接臂相对于第一联接臂旋转并使得第二销沿着壳体的第二狭槽滑动，第二销可操作地连接至夹子推杆以在第二销沿着壳体的第二狭槽平移时实现夹子推杆相对于壳体的平移。
7.根据权利要求1所述的施夹器，进一步包括梭杆，其可滑动地支撑于通道组件中并被构造为将夹子从夹子承载器传送到钳夹组件，所述夹子推杆被构造为在第一方向的初始平移之后与所述梭杆相接合从而使所述梭杆在第一方向上平移。
8.根据权利要求7所述的施夹器，其中所述夹子推杆包括延伸进入所述梭杆的狭槽中的鳍状物，所述鳍状物被构造为与所述狭槽的一端相接合从而使所述梭杆至少在第一方向上平移。
9.根据权利要求7所述的施夹器，其中在所述夹子推杆在第一方向上初始平移之前，所述夹子推杆驱使所述梭杆的近侧部抵靠所述壳体的切口，并随后在夹子推杆在第一方向的初始平移之后，将所述梭杆从所述切口释放以允许梭杆在第一方向上平移。
10.根据权利要求1所述的施夹器，进一步包括钳夹组件，其包括从所述通道组件的与所述壳体相对的一端延伸出来的一对钳夹，所述钳夹组件适用于将夹子容置于其中并且是能操作的以根据所述至少一个手柄的移动实现夹子的成形。
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2014
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- 2014-01-13 AU AU2014200182A patent/AU2014200182A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-01-16 CA CA2839454A patent/CA2839454A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-01-17 CN CN201810490728.5A patent/CN108652697B/zh active Active
- 2014-01-17 ES ES14151673.2T patent/ES2569905T3/es active Active
- 2014-01-17 EP EP16150739.7A patent/EP3031411B1/en active Active
- 2014-01-17 ES ES16150739.7T patent/ES2668030T3/es active Active
- 2014-01-17 EP EP14151673.2A patent/EP2756812B1/en active Active
- 2014-01-17 CN CN201410076318.8A patent/CN103932754B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3031411A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
| EP2756812B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| CN108652697A (zh) | 2018-10-16 |
| EP2756812A3 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
| US20140207156A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
| CA2839454A1 (en) | 2014-07-18 |
| CN103932754A (zh) | 2014-07-23 |
| US10537329B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
| US9750500B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| US20170325814A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
| CN103932754B (zh) | 2018-05-29 |
| ES2668030T3 (es) | 2018-05-16 |
| EP3031411B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
| ES2569905T3 (es) | 2016-05-13 |
| EP2756812A2 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| AU2014200182A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
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