CN107278576B

CN107278576B - Planting and breeding mode of multi-dimensional ecological rice field

Info

Publication number: CN107278576B
Application number: CN201710581622.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈光辉; 陈奕晨; 张年龙; 汪威力; 余想女; 龚灿
Original assignee: Huangshan Duowei Biological Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Huangshan Duowei Biological Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-07-17
Filing date: 2017-07-17
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-07-17
Also published as: CN107278576A

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting and breeding mode of a multi-dimensional ecological rice field, which comprises the following steps: step (1) rice field transformation; step (2) building escape-proof, ingestion and inhabitation facilities; step (3) sterilizing; planting in the step (4); culturing; step (6), baking the field; and (7) pest control. The invention utilizes a plurality of organisms with higher added values to carry out three-dimensional mixed planting and breeding on the basis of the traditional single agriculture, and the traditional single agriculture planting and breeding mode and the method are raised and transformed to the production and management of constructing a virtuous cycle small ecological system to form a novel multi-dimensional ecological agriculture mode.

Description

Planting and breeding mode of multi-dimensional ecological rice field

Technical Field

The invention relates to a planting and breeding mode of a multi-dimensional ecological rice field.

Background

The traditional, laggard, low-efficiency and single agricultural planting, cultivation mode or simple and single three-dimensional mixed planting and cultivation mode of a plurality of organisms cannot fundamentally solve a series of problems such as pesticide problem, fertilizer problem, herbicide problem, waste pollution problem, food safety problem, farmer income increasing difficulty and the like from the source and system problem, so that the ecological system is increasingly difficult to repair, the extreme climate is increasingly frequent, and the problems are collectively called three-agriculture problem; in addition, the traditional planting and breeding method and mode of single agriculture cannot create good environment and conditions suitable for self growth, and cannot meet continuous requirements of hundreds of millions of people on green environment, high food quality and safety, and obviously, the old path of agriculture is not available.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a planting and breeding mode of a multi-dimensional ecological rice field, which utilizes a plurality of organisms with higher added values to carry out field three-dimensional mixed planting and breeding, the traditional single agriculture or simple three-dimensional agriculture planting and breeding mode and method are raised and transformed to the production and management of constructing a virtuous cycle small ecological system to form a novel multi-dimensional ecological agriculture mode, the cross points for solving the agriculture problems are generated by utilizing the interaction of the plurality of organisms to form a biological multi-dimensional combination technology through the three-dimensional mixed planting and breeding, a series of problems of rice field pesticide problems, fertilizer problems, herbicide problems, waste utilization problems, difficult rice farmer income increasing and the like are simultaneously solved through the mode and the method, and the green and high-efficiency transformation of agriculture is realized.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a planting and breeding mode of a multi-dimensional ecological rice field comprises the following steps:

step (1), rice field transformation: digging a ' Chinese character ' ri ' or ' tian ' shaped breeding ditch around the rice field and in the ridge of the planting field;

step (2), escape-proof, ingestion and inhabitation facility construction: constructing an escape-proof isolation belt along the inner side of the ridge, and arranging isolation nets at water inlet and outlet ports of the rice field; feeding and inhabiting facilities are arranged in the feeding ditches;

step (3), disinfection: in one week before planting and breeding, sterilizing the planting ridges and the breeding ditches with quick lime;

step (4), planting: planting rice on the ridges of the rice field, namely planting seedlings: planting seedlings in a large-ridge double-row transplanting mode; planting plants capable of preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests on ridges around the rice field to form a pest-preventing isolation belt; planting aquatic cash crops in the breeding ditch;

step (5), cultivation: culturing aquatic products in a breeding ditch within 15 days after the transplanting of the rice seedlings in the step (4), wherein the aquatic cash crops in the step (4) are plants with economic value which can provide the growing environment required by aquatic organisms;

step (6), roasting the field: roasting the field once in the tillering stage of the rice in each season, wherein when the field is roasted, the water level is reduced to the extent that the field surface of the planting ridge just exposes out of the water surface, when the middle of the field surface sinks, the surface soil on the field edge is not cracked and whitened, the field roasting is finished when the rice floating roots are whitened, and the water level is immediately increased to the original water level; cleaning the breeding ditches during field baking, and replacing new water;

step (7), disease and pest control: in the early stage of planting, insects are repelled by plants for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests planted on ridges around the rice field; during the planting period, if the leaf-rolling borers are damaged, plants for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests, which are planted on ridges around the rice field, are prepared into a medicament for spraying;

step (8), planting in a fallow period: in a fallow period after the rice is harvested, planting economic crops on the planting ridges; the economic crop selects plants with economic value which can be used for feeding aquatic products or fertilizing paddy fields;

constructing a virtuous cycle ecological breeding and planting system suitable for the rice field based on the positive cross-influence effect among the rice planted on the ridges in the step (4), the plants capable of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests planted on the ridges around the rice field, the aquatic cash crops planted in the ditches, the water products cultured in the breeding ditches in the step (5) and the cash crops planted on the ridges in the fallow period in the step (8).

Further, in the planting in the step (4), the rice is selected from a novel sorghum red rice variety invented by Mr. Wangbaozeng et al or hybrid rice of Yuanyongping academy, the plant spacing is 18-25cm in small row spacing and 35-45cm in large row spacing.

Further, 1 time of base fertilizer application is carried out before rice transplantation, 2 times of additional fertilizer application is carried out during the planting period, the 1 st time is 7 days after the planting, and the 2 nd time is 30-35 days after the planting.

Further, in the step (1) of modifying the rice field, a square turtle slip is dug at one corner of the breeding channel positioned in the rice field, the area of the breeding channel and the area of the turtle slip account for 10% -12% of the total area of the rice field, the width of the breeding channel is 0.8-1.0 m, the depth of the breeding channel is 0.6-0.8 m, the length of the turtle slip is 4-6 m, the width of the turtle slip is 3-5 m, and the depth of the turtle slip is 1.2 m; heightening and reinforcing ridges around the rice field, wherein the ridges are 50cm high and 30cm wide, and are guaranteed to be 30cm higher than the water surface, and the inner sides of the ridges are slopes;

in the construction of the escape-proof, ingestion and inhabitation facilities, the escape-proof facilities are constructed to be an escape-proof isolation zone along the inner side of a ridge by using an iron sheet protection net, specifically, the iron sheet is embedded into the soil of the ridge by 20-25cm and exposed out of the ground by more than 50cm, then the iron sheet is fixed at intervals of 90-100 cm by using timber piles, and the escape-proof isolation zone at the turning positions of four corners of the rice field is arc-shaped; the feeding and inhabiting facility construction method comprises the steps that a wood board or asbestos tiles is placed in a feeding ditch every 10m or so, the width of the wood board is 0.6-0.8 m, the length of the wood board is 1.5-1.8 m, one end of the wood board is fixed on a ridge, and the other end of the wood board is immersed in water by 15cm or so;

in the planting step (4), planting castor-oil plants or calamus on ridges around the rice field, wherein the spring sowing of the castor-oil plants is preferably in the first ten days of 4 months, hole digging and dibbling are adopted for planting, 3 seeds are sowed in each hole, the sowing depth is preferably 5cm, and the row spacing is 80-100 cm; soil is not easy to be pressed when the soil is heavy and the soil is covered; planting cane shoots in a raising ditch around a rice field, wherein the planting proportion is 120 plants per mu, and the planting method of the cane shoots comprises the following steps: when the climate warms up in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging out small piers of the wild rice shoots, splitting the small piers by using a sharp knife to divide the plants, and splitting the plants according to the requirement that each plant has 3-5 healthy tillering seedlings, each tillering seedling has 3-4 leaves, wherein the tillering buds and new roots cannot be damaged during splitting; during planting, seedlings are lifted, divided and planted; cultivating in large and small row spacing, wherein the small row spacing is 60-70cm, the large row spacing is 80-90 cm, the plant spacing is 50-60 cm, and the planting depth is generally 10cm by burying old roots in soil;

step (5) in cultivation: the aquatic organisms select turtle seeds and crayfish, and the stocking specification is as follows: 50-300 turtle/mu, 500 crayfish and 1000 crayfish/mu; selecting strong, healthy and harmless, strong-activity and uniform-specification seedlings from the turtle seeds and the crayfish, putting the seedlings into a breeding ditch, and soaking the seedlings in a 15-20 mg/elevated potassium manganate solution for 10-15 minutes before stocking; in the feeding process, bait feeding strictly follows the four-fixed principle, the bait feeding is carried out for 2 times every day, the feeding time is respectively 9-10 am and 4-5 pm, the feeding amount is determined according to the conditions of the day, the bait feeding is generally finished within about 1.5 hours, and in the feeding process, live baits such as river snails, fishes and shrimps can be put into the feeding ditch for the turtle species to eat;

in the disease and pest control of the step (7), when the leaf-rolling borer pest occurs, castor or calamus planted on the paddy field ridge is adopted to prepare a Chinese herbal medicine for controlling, and the control method comprises the following steps: a. the castor leaves are scattered in the field or the castor is planted on the ridge to trap and kill the scarab beetles; b. smashing 10kg of castor leaves, adding 10kg of water, filtering to obtain stock solution, and spraying 3-4kg of water in each kg of stock solution; c. mashing castor seeds into paste, adding 1kg of water for mixing uniformly, adding 60g of soap, slowly adding the water into the castor seeds while stirring, adding 100 kg of water and 150kg of water after mixing uniformly, and spraying to prevent and control the imagoes and various aphids of the chafer; d. 1kg of calamus, mashing, adding 2kg of water, boiling into stock solution, adding 6kg of water into each kg of stock solution, and spraying, wherein 40-50kg of water is used per mu; if rice blast occurs, spraying H ionized water, wherein the spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying every 7-10 days.

Further, in the step (5), cultivation: the aquatic animals also comprise crucian, the crucian selects small crucian fry, and the throwing density is as follows: the small crucian carp 600 plus 1000 fish/mu.

Further, in the planting of the fallow period in the step (8), ryegrass is planted after the rice is harvested, and the ryegrass planting method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing the planting ridges to ensure that the planting ridges are flat and have no large soil blocks, and then sowing in a drill sowing mode, wherein the sowing quantity is about 1.5kg of seeds per mu; in the sowing period, seeds are soaked in clear water for 2 to 4 hours so as to improve the rate of emergence and seedling.

Further, in the step (1) of rice field reconstruction, the breeding ditches comprise four ditches excavated around the rice field and one ditch excavated in the field, wherein the width of the ditch is 50-100cm, and the depth of the ditch is 80 cm; the width of the field ditch is 80cm, and the depth is 30 cm; the five ditches account for about 5 percent of the total area of the rice field; heightening and reinforcing ridges around the rice field, wherein the ridges are 50cm high and 30cm wide, and are guaranteed to be 30cm higher than the water surface, and the inner sides of the ridges are slopes;

in the construction of escape-proof, ingestion and inhabitation facilities, the escape-proof facilities are constructed in such a way that the inner sides of ridges are blocked by black polyethylene net sheets to form escape-proof isolation belts, and the bottoms of the nets are buried in the soil by 20-30 cm; the feeding and inhabiting facility construction method comprises the steps of respectively excavating small water pits at four corners of a rice field of a feeding ditch, wherein the area of each water pit is 2-3 square meters and is 80-100cm deep, and a small amount of waterweeds and a foam board are placed in the pits; the isolation nets arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field are thick and thin iron bar nets;

in the planting step (4), planting castor-oil plants, calamus or tomatoes on ridges around the rice field, wherein the spring sowing of the castor-oil plants is preferably in the last ten days of 4 months, hole digging and seed dibbling are adopted for planting, 3 seeds are sowed in each hole, the sowing depth is preferably 5cm, and the row spacing is 80-100 cm; soil is not easy to be pressed when the soil is heavy and the soil is covered;

step (5) in cultivation: the aquatic organisms are selected from Taiwan loaches, rana nigromaculata and small crucian carps for polyculture, and the stocking specification is as follows: selecting frogs from frogs, loaches with the length of 3cm, selecting young crucians, and configuring the following densities: 600 frogs per mu, 1200 loaches per mu and 600 and 1000 small crucian carps per mu; in the culture process, the water quality needs to be controlled, the water level is kept higher than the rice by about 10-30cm, if no flowing water exists in the paddy field ditch, water is discharged and changed every 5 days, and the water quality is kept fresh and alive; sterilizing Taiwan loach, Rana nigromaculata and small crucian by EM (effective microorganisms);

Further, in the planting in the fallow period in the step (8), the rape is planted firstly after the rice is harvested, and the alfalfa seeds are scattered after the rape grows to 60-70 cm.

And (3) further advancing, the planting and breeding mode of the multidimensional ecological rice field further comprises the step of digging a tractor-ploughing channel with two ends respectively connected with the rice field ridge and the planting ridge in the step (1) of rice field transformation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a small biosphere ecosystem is formed by configuring sorghum red rice, water bamboo, soft-shelled turtle, lobster, crucian, H ionized water, ryegrass, castor bean or calamus, an annular ditch, a guard rail and the like in a rice field by utilizing a biological multi-dimensional combination technology, a multi-dimensional ecological agriculture rice, soft-shelled turtle, shrimp and grass seed culture mode is formed, and the mode and the method for constructing a larger small biosphere ecosystem by utilizing various biological cross points and biological combination functions can simultaneously solve the problems of pesticide, fertilizer, herbicide, waste pollution, difficulty in increasing income of farmers and the like.

A small biosphere ecosystem is formed by artificially configuring sorghum red rice, crucian, loach, frog, rape, alfalfa, H-ionized water, calamus or castor-oil plant, ditch and pit and the like in a rice field by utilizing a biological multi-dimensional combination technology, a multi-dimensional ecological agriculture rice frog, loach and fish drug fertilizer planting and breeding mode is formed, a large small biosphere ecosystem is constructed by utilizing various biological cross points and biological combination functions, and the mode and the method can simultaneously solve the problems of pesticide, fertilizer, herbicide, waste pollution, difficulty in increasing income of farmers and the like.

The invention can realize that the comprehensive benefits of agricultural economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit are larger than the traditional agricultural benefit, thereby improving the output rate of the maximum rural land resource and the utilization rate of abundant biological resources.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rice field structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the feeding trench of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The existing three-crop problems are combined to carry out multidisciplinary, multi-field, multi-level and multi-cycle path research, so that multidirectional thinking is generated, and multiple dimensions are formed; then, the three-agriculture problem is solved by adopting a system engineering upgrade version of 'single traditional agriculture mode-rising to small ecological system agriculture mode-forming multifunctional large circulation agriculture mode', thereby generating multi-dimensional ecological agriculture.

The knowledge and experience accumulation for more than 30 years, the invention, creation, experience and wisdom of 100 multidisciplinary experts and the people are concentrated, the single of the traditional agriculture is broken through, the research and the experiment of various three-dimensional mixed planting and breeding modes are carried out, and various novel green and efficient modes that the income per mu reaches 10000 yuan or even more than tens of thousands yuan are newly designed for farmers who breed cattle, pig, sheep and fish in China, mushroom farmers, rice farmers, tea farmers and the like, so that the agriculture in China can take a new way and a good way. The exploration practice is continuously maintained for many years, the biggest intersection point of the three agricultural problems is found to be a forest and grass problem (arbor, shrub and grass are called forest and grass for short), the complex agricultural system problem is simplified into the forest and grass problem, then the forest and grass problem is systematized, concretized and correlatively researched, and the problem that one or more agricultural system problems can be solved by utilizing the interaction of biological diversity and specific functions (some organisms have multiple functions), which is called biological intersection point for short is found; we select, prefer and screen out the biological species suitable for traditional single agriculture three-dimensional mixed planting and cultivation upgrading transformation from more than 200 ten thousand organisms through big data, the organisms meeting the novel three-dimensional mixed planting mode must simultaneously solve the problems of pesticide, fertilizer, herbicide, waste pollution and the like, each organism carrying out three-dimensional mixed planting has good economic benefit, the living environment and ecological niche for symbiotic mutual assistance of multiple organisms can be created, the process is extremely hard, one part of more than 200 ten thousand organisms is always tried to solve 31 main three-crop problems, and the difficulty of the three-crop system problems is greatly reduced.

The invention adopts an agricultural system engineering method, carries out deep research on the height, depth and breadth of a new topic of 'biological combinatory' through multidisciplinary, multi-field, multi-level, multi-way circulation and the like, and obtains a lot of successful experiences through exploration, experiment, demonstration and practice summary, thereby considering that optimizing biological combination is a big problem. The Swedish botanists, the Beyer prize acquirers Karl Linnah (1707-1778) innovate the biological taxonomy, and nowadays we need to create a new biological combinatory, because the Chinese agriculture rises to need the biological combinatory, the ecological restoration of the earth ecosystem needs the biological combinatory, and the invention innovates one technology, namely the biological multidimensional combination technology, only by researching the three-dimensional mixed planting and breeding mode of organisms. Through a new technology, the biological chain of a novel planting and breeding mode is circulated to the end, the waste is circulated to the end, and the industrial chain is circulated to the end to form a multifunctional large-circulation agriculture integrating three yields, so that the novel planting and breeding mode which can realize the comprehensive benefits of economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit and is developed in a larger way than the traditional agricultural benefits is called multi-dimensional ecological agriculture.

The invention adopts a new agricultural method, a new technology and a new mode, and has a bigger difference: the multidimensional ecological agriculture aims to solve the problem of agricultural system engineering, the popular 'green agriculture, organic agriculture, modern agriculture, ecological agriculture, circular agriculture, leisure agriculture, intelligent agriculture, field synthesis, three-yield fusion' and other lifting laws at present only pay attention to and cover one part or one aspect of an agricultural system, and a new agricultural mode is created by adopting a system engineering method to really solve the system problem that the complex agricultural ecological system problem and the farmer social group problem are interwoven together.

Example 1, a cultivation mode of a multi-dimensional ecological rice field as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step (1), rice field transformation: digging a ' Chinese character ' ri ' or ' tian ' shaped breeding ditch 2 around the rice field and in the planting ridges 1;

step (2), escape-proof, ingestion and inhabitation facility construction: an anti-escape isolation belt 6 is built along the inner side of the ridge 3, and isolation nets are arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field; feeding and inhabiting facilities are arranged in the feeding ditches 2;

step (3), disinfection: in one week before planting and breeding, disinfecting the planting ridges 1 and the breeding ditches 2 by using quick lime;

step (4), planting: planting rice on the planting ridges 1 in the rice field, namely planting seedlings: planting seedlings in a large-ridge double-row transplanting mode; plants capable of preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests are planted on the ridges 3 around the rice field to form a pest-preventing isolation belt; planting aquatic cash crops in the breeding ditch 2;

step (5), cultivation: culturing aquatic products in the breeding ditch 2 within 15 days after the transplanting of the rice seedlings in the step (4), wherein the aquatic cash crops in the step (4) are plants with economic value which can provide the growing environment required by aquatic organisms;

step (6), roasting the field: roasting the field once in the tillering stage of the rice in each season, wherein when the field is roasted, the water level is reduced to the state that the field surface of the planting ridge 1 just exposes out of the water surface, the soil on the field edge is not cracked and whitened when the middle of the field surface sinks, the field is finished after the rice floating roots are whitened, and the water level is immediately increased to the original water level; cleaning the feeding ditch 2 during the field baking period, and changing fresh water;

step (7), disease and pest control: in the early planting stage, insects are repelled by the plants for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests planted on the ridges 3 around the rice field; during the planting period, if the leaf-rolling borers are damaged, plants for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests, which are planted on ridges 3 around the rice field, are prepared into a medicament for spraying;

step (8), planting in a fallow period: in a fallow period after the rice is harvested, planting economic crops on the planting ridges 1; the economic crop selects plants with economic value which can be used for feeding aquatic products or fertilizing paddy fields;

constructing a virtuous cycle ecological breeding and planting system suitable for the rice field based on the positive cross-influence effect among the rice planted on the ridges in the step (4), the plants capable of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests planted on the ridges 3 around the rice field, the aquatic cash crops planted in the ditches, the water products discharged in the breeding ditches 2 in the breeding step (5) and the cash crops planted on the ridges in the fallow period in the step (8).

The planting and breeding mode of the multi-dimensional ecological rice field further comprises the step (1) of digging a tractor-ploughing channel 5 with two ends respectively connected with the rice field ridge 3 and the planting ridge 1 in the rice field transformation.

In example 2, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a multi-dimensional ecological rice field planting and breeding mode, a small biosphere ecosystem is formed by arranging sorghum red rice, cane shoots, turtles, lobsters, crucians, H-ionized water, ryegrass, castor-oil plants or calamus, an annular ditch and the like in a rice field by a biological multi-dimensional combination technology, so that a multi-dimensional ecological agricultural rice, turtle, shrimp and grass planting and breeding mode is formed. Example 2 mode of bio-multidimensional combinatorial techniques and methods: a large and small biosphere ecosystem is constructed by utilizing various biological cross points and biological combination functions, and the problems of pesticide, fertilizer, herbicide, waste pollution, difficulty in income increase of farmers and the like can be systematically solved.

Rice field transformation

Annular turtle ditches are excavated along the periphery of the inner side of a field ridge 3 of the rice field, and a square turtle chute 4 is excavated at one corner of the rice field to provide places for Chinese turtles and crayfish to move, find food, avoid summer heat and prevent cold. The area of the turtle ditch and the turtle chute 4 accounts for 10-12% of the total area of the rice field, the width of the turtle ditch is 0.8-1.0 m, the depth of the turtle ditch is 0.6-0.8 m, and the length of the turtle chute 4 is 4-6 m, the width of the turtle chute is 3-5 m, and the depth of the turtle chute is 1.2 m.

Second, the construction of facilities for escape prevention, ingestion and perching

An anti-escape isolation belt 6 is built along the inner side of the ridge 3 by using an iron sheet protection net, the method is that iron sheets are buried into soil of the ridge 3 for 20-25cm and exposed out of the ground for more than 50cm, and then the iron sheets are fixed at intervals of 90-100 cm by using wooden piles. In order to prevent the Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the crayfishes from climbing out along the included angles to escape, the escape-preventing isolation belts 6 at the turning positions of the four corners of the rice field are made into arc shapes. The water inlet and outlet of the rice field are sealed by thick and thin iron bar nets, the thick nets block branch garbage, and the thin nets prevent natural enemies from entering the rice field.

According to the habits of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the crayfishes, wood boards or asbestos tiles are required to be placed in the soft-shelled turtle ditches every 10 meters to serve as back drying platforms and bait platforms of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the crayfishes. The width of the wood board is 0.6-0.8 m, the length of the wood board is 1.5-1.8 m, one end of the wood board is fixed on the ridge, and the other end of the wood board is immersed in water for about 15 cm.

Thirdly, variety selection and production management

The new sorghum red rice variety of the wangbaozeng invention ("sorghum rice") is preferred in the present invention. The new variety has strong disease resistance, lodging resistance, strong tillering, good taste, slightly long mature period, high nutritive value and good market prospect. Therefore, sorghum red rice varieties are specially selected, the sorghum red rice is planted by adopting a large-ridge double-row planting and transplanting technology, the plant spacing is 18-25cm in small row spacing, and 35-45cm in large row spacing, so that the soft-shelled turtles and crayfishes can crawl in the rice conveniently. The method is characterized in that the inner sides of the peripheries of the annular escape-proof fences of the rice field are planted with the castor or calamus, the spring sowing of the castor is preferably in the first ten days of 4 months, manual hole digging and seed dibbling are generally adopted, 3 seeds are sowed in each hole, the sowing depth is preferably 5cm, and the row spacing is 80-100 cm. Soil is not suitable to be pressed when the soil is covered on heavy land. Planting cane shoots in the annular ditch, planting 120 cane shoots in each acre of the annular ditch around, wherein the planting method of the cane shoots comprises the following steps: when the climate warms up in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging out small piers of the zizania latifolia seedlings, and splitting the zizania latifolia seedlings by a sharp knife to divide the seedlings. Cutting each tillering seedling according to the requirement that each tillering seedling has 3-4 leaves, and the tillering bud and new root cannot be damaged during cutting. During planting, seedlings are lifted, divided and planted. The large and small row spacing cultivation is adopted, the small row spacing is 60-70cm, the large row spacing is 80-90 cm, the plant spacing is 50-60 cm, the planting depth is generally 10cm when old roots are buried in soil, and the old moss tubes are flush with the ground. A ryegrass cultivation method for raising geese and fattening fields comprises the following steps: the ryegrass seeds are small, the furrow surface is required to be flat without large soil blocks, the sowing mode can be either drill sowing or scattered sowing, but for the convenience of management, the drill sowing is good, the seed consumption per mu is about 1.5kg, and the grass grows vigorously to be used for raising geese and fattening geese dung. If rain is less in the sowing period or the soil is dry, seeds can be soaked in clear water for 2 to 4 hours so as to facilitate the emergence of seedlings and improve the seedling rate. The straws of the sorghum red rice are good feeds through microbial action, wastes are turned into wealth through waste pentachemical treatment, and pentachemical treatment is straw feed, fertilizer, energy, raw material and base material.

Applying base fertilizer (compound fertilizer or organic fertilizer) for 1 time before transplanting the sorghum red rice, applying additional fertilizer for 2 times in the period, wherein the 1 st time is 7 days after transplanting, and the 2 nd time is 30-35 days.

Fourth, stocking the soft-shelled turtle and crayfish

Half a month after the rice transplanting, turtle seeds and crayfishes are put in, water bamboo is planted around the rice field, and calamus or castor oil plants are planted on the banks around the rice field. And (3) disinfecting fish ditches by using 150kg of quick lime per mu 10 days before the turtle seeds and the crayfish are put in, stocking 50-300 soft-shelled turtles with the specifications of 400-500 g/tail, and stocking 500-1000 crayfish-added fish per mu. The turtle and crayfish require selecting strong, healthy, harmless, strong-activity and uniform-specification seeds to be put into the field, and soaking the seeds in 15-20 mg/elevated potassium manganate solution for 10-15 minutes before stocking.

In the artificial feeding process, the Chinese soft-shelled turtle likes to eat animal feeds such as wild trash fish, minced fish and the like. The bait feeding strictly follows the four-fixed principle, the bait feeding is carried out for 2 times every day, and the feeding time is respectively 9-10 am and 4-5 pm. The specific feeding amount depends on the conditions of the day (weather, water temperature and live baits), and the feeding is finished generally within about 1.5 hours. During the planting process, live baits such as river snails, fishes and shrimps and the like can be put into the rice field for the turtles to eat, so that the quality of the Chinese turtles is improved, the feed cost is saved, and the crayfish is bred in a mixed mode to find food in the rice field. Some crucian can be put in for breeding, the crucian selects small crucian fry, the putting density is: the small crucian carp 600 plus 1000 fish/mu.

Sun drying of land

Baking rice field is needed during the growth period of rice. Under the premise of conforming to the growth requirements of rice and not influencing the growth of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles, a light roasting method is adopted: the water level is reduced to the water level of the paddy field surface, so that the middle of the paddy field is not sunk, the surface soil of the paddy field is not cracked and whitened, and the floating roots of the paddy rice are properly whitened. After the field is roasted, the water level is immediately increased to the original water level. During the field baking period, the fish ditch is cleaned and fresh water is exchanged to ensure that the fish ditch is smooth and the water quality is fresh.

Sixthly, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests

The prevention and treatment work of two migratory pests and borers is well done in the early stage of field cultivation, the sharp eyespot is prevented and treated from late tillering (after No. 7 month and 20) to before the break, if the leaf-rolling borers occur, castor beans or calamus planted around the rice field are adopted to prepare a Chinese herbal medicine preparation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: a. the castor leaves are scattered in the field or the castor is planted in the field, so that the scarab beetles can be trapped and killed; b. after 10kg of castor leaves are mashed, 10kg of water is added, the mixture is filtered to form stock solution, and 3-4kg of water is added into each kg of the stock solution for spraying; c. the castor seed is mashed into paste, 1kg of water is added for mixing evenly, 60g of soap is additionally added, the castor seed is slowly added into the water of the castor seed while stirring, 150kg of water is added after mixing evenly, and the mixture is sprayed to prevent and control the imagoes and various aphids of the chafer. 1kg of calamus, mashing, adding 2kg of water, boiling to obtain stock solution, adding 6kg of water into each kg of stock solution, and spraying 40-50kg of water per mu. The Chinese herbal medicines are adopted for controlling pests and decomposing quickly, no pesticide residue is contained, and if rice blast occurs, H-ion water is adopted for spraying, and the spraying method comprises the following steps: : generally, the agent is sprayed every 7 to 10 days, and the specific interval times are determined according to the actual situation of rice blast.

Example 2 annual average economic benefit analysis table:

example 2 generated biological crossover point:

[ preferably sorghum Red Rice ] solves one or several agricultural system problems by creating crossing points between plants; the sorghum red rice described in example 1 is obtained by distant hybridization between sorghum and rice (male sorghum and female parent rice), so as to form lodging resistance (plant-plant intersection, first solving lodging resistance), disease and pest resistance (plant-animal intersection, second solving pest), high yield, good nutrition (plant-human intersection, third solving human demand), and sorghum red rice suitable for growth in south (plant-environment intersection, fourth solving environmental problem), and simultaneously, greatly increase farmer income, solve the problem of difficult income increase of farmers (plant-human intersection, fifth solving human demand), and the sorghum red rice invented by using plant-plant intersection will not generate rice planthopper (plant-animal intersection, sixth solving pest and pest damage), and solve the rice plant hopper which is difficult to solve for years. The rice sorghum suitable for northern plain dry areas can be found by utilizing biological cross point research, and the rice sorghum is obtained by carrying out distant backcross on male parent rice and female parent sorghum.

[ prefer to Chinese soft-shelled turtle ] to solve one or more agricultural system problems by using the cross points between animals and people; the turtle is used for eating insects (crossing of animals and animals, so that insect damage is solved firstly), the turtle is used for crawling in the rice field to replace farmers to cultivate (crossing of animals and people; so that manpower tension is solved secondly), the turtle is much more pulled to fertilize in many days, the farmers do not need to fertilize (crossing of animals and environment, so that the fertilizer problem is solved thirdly), the turtle is high in economic and nutritional values, income increase of the farmers is promoted (crossing of animals and people, so that the income increase of the farmers is solved), a plurality of crossing points are generated by the animals, the turtles and the insects, so that a plurality of biological functions of a single rice field are solved, the functions of three-dimensional mixed breeding of a plurality of organisms become stronger, the turtles, the ducks, the crucians and the like are optimized for three-dimensional mixed breeding of the.

[ preferably crayfish ] solves one or several agricultural system problems by using animal to plant, animal to human crossover points: the method is characterized in that biological cross points are generated by pollution of waste of animal crayfish and plant straws (the cross points of animal straws and plant straws are used for solving the problem of pollutants firstly), meanwhile, the cross points are generated by the animal crayfish and animal turtles, shells of the crayfish are used as feed of the turtles, the waste left by the turtles is used as feed of the crayfish (the cross points of animals and solving the balance of a small ecological system secondly), the crayfish is also used as food and human food, income of rice farmers is increased, and water sources are purified (the cross points of animals and human beings and the problem of income increase of farmers is solved thirdly).

[ preferably crucian ] solves one or several agricultural system problems by using animal to animal, microbial, human cross points: crucian takes plant foodstuff as a main part (crossing of animals and plants, first solving the balance of a small ecosystem), algae, shrimps, earthworms, young snails, insects and the like in a rice field are all food of the crucian (crossing of animals and animals, solving the balance of the small ecosystem), meanwhile, people like to choose to eat and live in cane shoots and reeds to lay eggs (crossing of animals and plants and environment, solving the balance of the small ecosystem), the crucian has strong reproductive capacity, grows fast to provide sufficient bait for turtles (crossing of animals and animals, solving the balance of the small ecosystem), a large amount of cost is saved, a plurality of crossings (crossing of animals and people and solving the problem of income increase of farmers) are generated for farmers, and the crucian is a good intermediate for symbiosis and mutual assistance of various organisms.

[ preferably ryegrass ] solves one or several agricultural system problems by using plant to animal, animal to human cross-points: farmers do not need to invest, fallow planting ryegrass is utilized to cultivate geese (plant and animal cross points solve the problem of fertilizer and feed), goose manure and ryegrass are organic fertilizers for crops in the next year (animal and plant cross points solve the problem of fertilizer), and geese can increase income of farmers (animal and human cross points solve the problem of income increase of farmers).

[ preferably Zizania latifolia ] solves one or several agricultural system problems by using plant and water, animal and human to generate crossing points: the water bamboo is perennial emergent aquatic herbaceous plant called aquatic vegetable, especially likes fertile soil, is suitable for growth environment and spawning of crucian (crossing of plant and animal, solving balance of small ecological system and increasing income of peasant), especially suitable for environment growth of the embodiment 1, and has high nutritive value (crossing of plant and human), etc. to generate a plurality of crossing points,

preferably castor or calamus, to solve one or several agricultural system problems by using plant to animal, plant to human cross-points: the castor bean is planted in the ridge 3 to prepare Chinese herbal medicines (crossing points of plants and animals, and the first solution to the pesticide problem), the Chinese herbal medicines prepared by the castor bean have good pest control effect, are decomposed quickly, do not contain pesticide residues, ensure food safety, and meanwhile, the castor bean increases the income of farmers, so that the castor bean is a good aviation oil raw material (crossing points of plants and people, and the problem of income increase of farmers is solved).

[ preferably H ion water ] utilizes the cross point of organism and water to solve one or more agricultural system problems, neutral water is decomposed into H ion water which has good effect of sterilizing and preventing rice blast (the cross point of organism and water solves the problem of pesticide), and redundant H ions are combined with OH ions in air to form water, thus no pollutant is generated, and no pesticide residue is left (the cross point of human and water and environment solves the problem of pollution).

In example 3, sorghum red rice, certain proportions of crucian, loach, frog, rape, alfalfa, H ionized water and OH ionized water, calamus or tomato, furrows and pits and the like are configured in a rice field through a biological multi-dimensional combination technology to form a small biosphere ecosystem, so that a multi-dimensional ecological agricultural rice, frog, loach and fish drug-fertilizer planting and breeding mode is formed. Example 3 mode of bio-multidimensional combinatorial techniques and methods: a large and small biosphere ecosystem is constructed by utilizing various biological cross points and biological combination functions, and the problems of pesticide, fertilizer, herbicide, waste pollution, difficulty in income increase of farmers and the like can be systematically solved.

Firstly, rice field selection: the rice, frog and loach symbiotic combined mode is suitable for field blocks which are not too large, generally 2-15 mu is suitable, the water quality of mountain dock fields in mountainous areas is good, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunlight is sufficient, ventilation is smooth, the soil quality requires subacidity, and humus is rich.

Secondly, rice field transformation: 1. four ditches are excavated around the rice field, one ditch is excavated in the field, and the ditch is generally 50-100cm wide and 80cm deep. The width of the field ditch is 80cm, and the depth is 30 cm. 5 ditches account for about 5 percent of the total area of the rice field. 2. The ridges 3 around the field are heightened and reinforced. The height of the ridge is 50cm, the width of the ridge is 30cm, the ridge is 30cm higher than the water surface, and the ridge needs to be inclined. The inner side of the ridge is blocked by a black polyethylene net piece, because the light phototaxis of the frog is adopted, the blood flow of the head of the frog which can be touched is cut by the net with other colors, the bottom of the net is buried in the soil by 20-30cm, loaches are prevented from escaping, and snakes, which are natural enemies of the frog, are prevented from entering the ridge 3. 3. Digging 4 small water pits, respectively placing a small amount of waterweeds in the pits at four corners, wherein the area of each water pit is 2-3 square meters, the depth is 80-100cm, and the pits are used for allowing the frogs to lay eggs and play water, and then placing a foam plate for feeding frogs and loaches. The water inlet and outlet of the rice field are sealed by thick and thin iron bar nets, the thick nets block branch garbage, and the thin nets prevent natural enemy snakehead, dragonfly eggs and the like from flowing into the rice field.

Thirdly, variety selection: selecting red sorghum rice and Taiwan loach as loach, and selecting Rana nigromaculata as frog, wherein the fish is small crucian carp; the sorghum red rice is planted by adopting a large-ridge double-row planting technology, the plant spacing is 18-25cm in small row spacing, and the large-row spacing is 35-45 cm.

Fourthly, baking the field: baking rice field is needed during the growth period of rice. Under the premise of conforming to the growth requirements of rice and not influencing the growth of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles, a light roasting method is adopted: the water level is reduced to the water level of the paddy field surface, so that the middle of the paddy field is not sunk, the surface soil of the paddy field is not cracked and whitened, and the floating roots of the paddy rice are properly whitened. After the field is roasted, the water level is immediately increased to the original water level. The fish ditch is cleaned and fresh water is exchanged during the field baking period to ensure that the fish ditch is smooth and the water quality is fresh

Fifthly, managing key points: 1. and (5) sterilizing periodically. Before and after the rice field is rectified, quicklime is used for carrying out one-time all-directional splashing on the rice field in sunny days, the rice field is thoroughly disinfected, and then EM bacteria are used for disinfecting the rice field, the frog and the loach during the growth period. 2. The fermented farmyard organic fertilizer is applied to the rice planting area again. 3. And (5) reasonably stocking. And after the seedlings are planted in the field for 10 days, putting frogs, loaches and fishes. The specification is as follows: the frog is a young frog, the loach is 3cm in size, and the crucian is a young fry, so that the phenomenon that the young loach is eaten by the large frog is avoided. The placement density is generally: about 600 frogs per mu, about 1200 loaches per mu, and when breeding the gulf loaches, rana nigromaculata and small crucian carps, the young frogs are disinfected by EM bacteria. 4. And planting calamus and tomatoes around the rice field. 5. Applying base fertilizer (compound fertilizer or organic fertilizer) for 1 time before transplanting the sorghum red rice, applying additional fertilizer for 2 times in the period, wherein the 1 st time is 7 days after transplanting, and the 2 nd time is 30-35 days.

Sixthly, scientifically feeding: 1. the frog eats pests above the water surface of the rice seedling in the rice field, and the loach eats pests in the rice field below the water surface. 2. Regularly and manually feeding earthworms, fly maggots and the like.

Seventhly, controlling water quality: the requirements of frogs, loaches and fishes on water are basically consistent, the water is kept about 10-30cm higher than that of rice, a pond and a ditch are arranged at the upstream of a common rice field, flowing water is arranged in the ditch, and if no flowing water exists in the ditch of the rice field, water is discharged and changed every 5 days, so that the water quality is kept fresh and alive.

Eighthly, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests: the prevention and treatment work of two migratory pests and stem borers is well done in the early stage of field cultivation, the banded sclerotial blight is well prevented and treated from the last tillering stage (after No. 7 month and 20) to the front of the broke, and if the leaf-rolling stem borers occur, a Chinese herbal medicine preparation is prepared by adopting calamus or tomatoes planted around a rice field, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1kg of calamus, mashing, adding 2kg of water, boiling to obtain stock solution, adding 6kg of water into each kg of stock solution, and spraying 40-50kg of water per mu. The Chinese herbal medicines are adopted for controlling pests and decomposing quickly, no pesticide residue is contained, and if rice blast occurs, H-ion water is adopted for spraying, and the spraying method comprises the following steps: : generally, the agent is sprayed every 7 to 10 days, and the specific interval times are determined according to the actual situation of rice blast.

After the field is harvested and arranged in the sorghum rice planting area, firstly planting the rapes, and after the rapes expand to 60-70CM, spraying safflower seeds, and after the rape stalks and the safflower (alfalfa) in May of the next year are used as green manure of the sorghum red rice and are rich in selenium, nitrogen is fixed by the safflower organisms, the content of N element in soil is supplemented, and the harvest of the banker crops planted in two seasons of the rapes and the sorghum red rice in one year is realized. The straws of sorghum red rice and rape are good feeds through the action of microorganisms, and waste is turned into wealth through the five-transformation treatment of wastes and microorganisms, namely straw feed transformation, fertilizer transformation, energy transformation, raw material transformation and base material transformation.

Example 3 annual average economic benefit analysis table:

example 3 biological crossover point generated:

[ preferably sorghum Red Rice ] solves one or several agricultural system problems by creating crossing points between plants; the sorghum red rice described in example 3 is obtained by distant hybridization between sorghum and rice (male sorghum and female parent rice), so as to form lodging resistance (plant-plant intersection, first solving lodging resistance), disease and pest resistance (plant-animal intersection, second solving pest), high yield, good nutrition (plant-human intersection, third solving human demand), and sorghum red rice suitable for growth in south (plant-environment intersection, fourth solving environmental problem), and simultaneously, greatly increase farmer income, solve the problem of difficult income increase of farmers (plant-human intersection, fifth solving human demand), and the sorghum red rice invented by using plant-plant intersection will not generate rice planthopper (plant-animal intersection, sixth solving pest and pest damage), and solve the rice plant hopper which is difficult to solve for years. The rice sorghum suitable for northern plain dry areas can be found by utilizing biological cross point research, and the rice sorghum is obtained by carrying out distant backcross on male parent rice and female parent sorghum.

Preferred frogs utilize the creation of crossover points from animal to animal, animal to human to solve one or several agricultural system problems: the frog eating animal insects is utilized to produce cross points, so that the use of pesticides is reduced (the cross points of animals and animals are solved firstly), meanwhile, frog meat is delicious food for human beings, a large amount of pesticides are saved (the cross points of animals, human beings and the environment are solved secondly, the problem of income increase of farmers is solved), and a plurality of cross points are produced.

[ preferred Taiwan LONG loach ] utilizes animals and plants, animals, insects, and people to generate intersections to solve one or more agricultural system problems, the insects on the frogs eating water, the beetles, plankton and humus in the loach eating water cultured in the rice field (animals and animals intersect, the second insect damage is solved, the ecological niche system balance is solved), water sources are purified, the loaches can increase the income of farmers, and the loaches are also food for human (animals and people intersections, the third problem of farmer income increase is solved), so that a plurality of intersections are generated.

[ preferably alfalfa ] utilizes plants to create cross-points with microorganisms, animals to solve one or several agricultural system problems: alfalfa fixes nitrogen through rhizobium organisms (crossing points of plants and microorganisms solve the problem of chemical fertilizer), is rich in selenium, is a good organic fertilizer in the next year, and is a good feed (crossing points of plants and animals solve the problem of income increase of farmers).

Preferably, calamus or tomatoes are used for solving one or more agricultural system problems by utilizing intersections between plants and animals and between plants and people, Chinese herbal medicines are used for controlling insects, namely castor plants and animal insects, through calamus, the calamus is called as a substance for controlling the insects instead of the pathogenic factors, the whole plant of fragrance can expel the insects, the Chinese herbal medicines can be used for controlling the insects through stomach killing, the effect is good, the decomposition is fast, no pesticide residue is contained (the intersections between the plants and the animal insects are used for solving the pesticide problem), and the calamus can be used for preparing various biological preparations, so that the food safety is ensured (the plants and the animals are intersected, and the requirements of people are met).

[ preferred microorganisms ] use of microorganisms to create intersections with plant stalks to solve one or more agricultural system problems: the straws of sorghum red rice and rape are good feeds through the action of microorganisms, wastes are turned into wealth through the pentachemical treatment of wastes and microorganisms, the pentachemical treatment is straw feed, fertilizer, energy, raw material and base material, and a plurality of cross points are generated in various ways.

Example 4 the same as in example 2 or 3 was used except that hybrid rice of Yuanlongheishi was selected as the rice variety.

The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the invention are not limited in this respect. Various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method conception and the technical scheme of the invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.

Claims

1. A planting and breeding mode of a multi-dimensional ecological rice field comprises rice planted on ridges, plants which are planted on the ridges around the rice field and can prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, aquatic cash crops planted in a ditch, and a benign cross influence effect between water products in the ditch and cash crops planted on the ridges in a fallow period, so that a benign circulation ecological breeding and planting system suitable for the rice field is constructed; the method comprises the following steps:

the breeding ditch is formed by excavating a square turtle slip at one corner of the rice field, the area of the breeding ditch and the turtle slip accounts for 10-12% of the total area of the rice field, the width of the breeding ditch is 0.8-1.0 m, the depth of the breeding ditch is 0.6-0.8 m, the length of the turtle slip is 4-6 m, the width of the breeding ditch is 3-5 m, and the depth of the turtle slip is 1.2 m; heightening and reinforcing ridges around the rice field, wherein the ridges are 50cm high and 30cm wide, and are guaranteed to be 30cm higher than the water surface, and the inner sides of the ridges are slopes; or

The raising ditches comprise four ditches excavated around the rice field and one ditch excavated in the field, and the ditch is 50-100cm wide and 80cm deep; the width of the field ditch is 80cm, and the depth is 30 cm; the five ditches account for about 5 percent of the total area of the rice field; heightening and reinforcing ridges around the rice field, wherein the ridges are 50cm high and 30cm wide, and are guaranteed to be 30cm higher than the water surface, and the inner sides of the ridges are slopes;

step (2), escape-proof, ingestion and inhabitation facility construction: constructing an escape-proof isolation belt along the inner side of the ridge, and arranging isolation nets at water inlet and outlet ports of the rice field; feeding and inhabiting facilities are arranged in the feeding ditches; embedding iron sheets into ridge soil for 20-25cm, exposing the iron sheets to the ground for more than 50cm, fixing the iron sheets at intervals of 90-100 cm by using wooden piles, and enabling escape-preventing isolation belts at four corners of the rice field to be arc-shaped; the feeding and inhabiting facility construction method comprises the steps that a wood board or asbestos tiles is placed in a feeding ditch every 10m or so, the width of the wood board is 0.6-0.8 m, the length of the wood board is 1.5-1.8 m, one end of the wood board is fixed on a ridge, and the other end of the wood board is immersed in water by 15cm or so;

or the inner side of the ridge is blocked by a black polyethylene net sheet to form an escape-proof isolation belt, and the bottom of the net is buried in the soil by 20-30 cm; the feeding and inhabiting facility construction method comprises the steps of respectively excavating small water pits at four corners of a rice field of a feeding ditch, wherein the area of each water pit is 2-3 square meters and is 80-100cm deep, and a small amount of waterweeds and a foam board are placed in the pits; the isolation nets arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field are thick and thin iron bar nets;

step (4), planting: planting rice on the ridges of the rice field, namely planting seedlings: planting seedlings in a large-ridge double-row transplanting mode; planting plants capable of preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests on ridges around the rice field to form a pest-preventing isolation belt; planting aquatic cash crops in the breeding ditch; specifically, castor-oil plants, calamus or tomatoes are planted on ridges around a rice field, the spring sowing of the castor-oil plants is preferably carried out in the first ten days of 4 months, 3 seeds are sowed in each hole by digging holes and dibbling, the sowing depth is preferably 5cm, and the row spacing is 80-100 cm; soil is not easy to be pressed when the soil is heavy and the soil is covered; planting cane shoots in a raising ditch around a rice field, wherein the planting proportion is 120 plants per mu, and the planting method of the cane shoots comprises the following steps: when the climate warms up in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging out small piers of the wild rice shoots, splitting the small piers by using a sharp knife to divide the plants, and splitting the plants according to the requirement that each plant has 3-5 healthy tillering seedlings, each tillering seedling has 3-4 leaves, wherein the tillering buds and new roots cannot be damaged during splitting; during planting, seedlings are lifted, divided and planted; cultivating in large and small row spacing, wherein the small row spacing is 60-70cm, the large row spacing is 80-90 cm, the plant spacing is 50-60 cm, and the planting depth is generally 10cm by burying old roots in soil;

step (5), cultivation: and (5) culturing aquatic products in the breeding ditch within 15 days after the rice transplanting in the step (4), wherein the aquatic organisms are selected from turtle seeds and crayfish, and the stocking specification is as follows: 50-300 turtle/mu, 500 crayfish and 1000 crayfish/mu; selecting strong, healthy and harmless, strong-activity and uniform-specification seedlings from the turtle seeds and the crayfish, putting the seedlings into a breeding ditch, and soaking the seedlings in 15-20 mg/L potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes before stocking; in the feeding process, bait feeding strictly follows the four-fixed principle, the bait feeding is carried out for 2 times every day, the feeding time is respectively 9-10 am and 4-5 pm, the feeding amount is determined according to the conditions of the day, the bait feeding is generally finished within about 1.5 hours, and in the feeding process, live baits such as river snails, fishes and shrimps can be put into the feeding ditch for the turtle species to eat;

step (7), disease and pest control: in the early stage of planting, insects are repelled by plants for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests planted on ridges around the rice field; during the planting period, if the leaf-rolling borers are damaged, plants for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests, which are planted on ridges around the rice field, are prepared into a medicament for spraying; when the leaf-rolling borer insect pest occurs, castor or calamus planted on the paddy field ridge is adopted to prepare a Chinese herbal medicine for prevention and treatment, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: a. the castor leaves are scattered in the field or the castor is planted on the ridge to trap and kill the scarab beetles; b. smashing 10kg of castor leaves, adding 10kg of water, filtering to obtain stock solution, and spraying 3-4kg of water in each kg of stock solution; c. mashing castor seeds into paste, adding 1kg of water for mixing uniformly, adding 60g of soap, slowly adding the water into the castor seeds while stirring, adding 100 kg of water and 150kg of water after mixing uniformly, and spraying to prevent and control the imagoes and various aphids of the chafer; d. 1kg of calamus, mashing, adding 2kg of water, boiling into stock solution, adding 6kg of water into each kg of stock solution, and spraying, wherein 40-50kg of water is used per mu; if rice blast occurs, spraying H ionized water, wherein the spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying once every 7-10 days;

step (8), planting in a fallow period: in a fallow period after the rice is harvested, planting economic crops on the planting ridges; the economic crop is selected from plants with economic value which can be used for feeding aquatic products or fertilizing paddy fields.

2. The mode of cultivation in a multi-dimensional ecological paddy field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the planting in the step (4), the plant spacing is 18-25cm in small row spacing and 35-45cm in large row spacing.

3. The mode of cultivation of multi-dimensional ecological paddy field as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: applying base fertilizer 1 time before transplanting rice, applying additional fertilizer 2 times during the planting period, wherein the 1 st time is 7 days after planting, and the 2 nd time is 30-35 days after planting.

4. The mode of cultivation of a multi-dimensional ecological paddy field as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

in the step (5), cultivation: the aquatic organisms also comprise crucian, the crucian selects small crucian fry, and the throwing density is as follows: the small crucian carp 600 plus 1000 fish/mu.

5. The mode of growing and cultivating multi-dimensional ecological paddy fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:

in the planting of the fallow period in the step (8), ryegrass is planted after rice is harvested, and the ryegrass planting method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing the planting ridges to ensure that the planting ridges are flat and have no large soil blocks, and then sowing in a drill sowing mode, wherein the sowing quantity is about 1.5kg of seeds per mu; in the sowing period, seeds are soaked in clear water for 2 to 4 hours so as to improve the rate of emergence and seedling.

6. The mode of growing and cultivating multi-dimensional ecological paddy fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step (5), cultivation: the aquatic organisms are selected from Taiwan loaches, rana nigromaculata and small crucian carps for polyculture, and the stocking specification is as follows: selecting frogs from frogs, loaches with the length of 3cm, selecting young crucians, and configuring the following densities: 600 frogs per mu, 1200 loaches per mu and 600 and 1000 small crucian carps per mu; in the culture process, the water quality needs to be controlled, the water level is kept to be 10-30cm higher than the rice, if no flowing water exists in the paddy field ditch, water is discharged and changed every 5 days, and the water quality is kept fresh and alive; when breeding Taiwan loaches, Rana nigromaculata and small crucian carps, sterilizing by EM (effective microorganisms).

7. The mode of cultivation of multi-dimensional ecological paddy field as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

in the planting of the fallow period in the step (8), the rape is planted firstly after the rice is harvested, and the alfalfa seeds are scattered after the rape grows to 60-70 cm.

8. The mode of growing and cultivating multi-dimensional ecological paddy fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:

in the step (1), the rice field is reformed by digging a tractor-ploughing channel with two ends respectively connected with the rice field ridge and the planting ridge.