CN105145061A - Method for tridimensionally culturing paddy fields - Google Patents

Method for tridimensionally culturing paddy fields Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105145061A
CN105145061A CN201510538817.9A CN201510538817A CN105145061A CN 105145061 A CN105145061 A CN 105145061A CN 201510538817 A CN201510538817 A CN 201510538817A CN 105145061 A CN105145061 A CN 105145061A
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China
Prior art keywords
rice
ditches
rice field
irrigation canals
raising
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CN201510538817.9A
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范传红
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Guzhen Chuanhong Family Farm
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Guzhen Chuanhong Family Farm
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Priority to CN201510538817.9A priority Critical patent/CN105145061A/en
Publication of CN105145061A publication Critical patent/CN105145061A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for tridimensionally culturing paddy fields, which comprises steps: 1 dressing of paddy fields; 2 feeding of aquatic animals and plants; 3 planting of paddies; 4 fish stocking; 5 managing in daily; and 6 recovering of paddies and fish. The method for tridimensionally culturing paddy fields reasonably adopts a ecological aquaculture mode of rice-fishculture, greatly reduces usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers during the period of rice planting, improves nutritional value and safety use of crops, improves yield of the rice, obviously improves planting and raising benefits, has the advantages of easy operation of culture process, low culture cost and high culture safety, and is suitable for large-area promotion.

Description

A kind of rice field stereoscopic cultivation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to paddy field cultivation field, particularly relate to a kind of rice field stereoscopic cultivation method.
Background technology
Paddy rice originates in Tropical Asian, after China widely plants, propagates into gradually all over the world.Paddy rice institute knot reality and paddy, claim rice, scented rice, rice after paddy (grain) shells.Nearly half population is in the world all food with rice.The eating method of rice is varied, has rice, congee, rice cake, rice cake, rice wine etc.Paddy rice, except edible, can also be made wine, refine sugar as the raw material of industry, rice husk, rice straw, can as feed.Mainly the Northeast, the Yangtze river basin, China paddy rice main producing region, Pearl River Delta.Belonging to direct economy crop, is also the staple food of 1/3rd mankind in the world.
Along with the increase of paddy rice demand, its planting environment also runs down, and disease, insect pest, crop smothering are on the rise.In traditional mode of production, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals are commonly used, and this brings hidden danger not only to the edible of rice, and meanwhile, heavy dressing laxative causes environmental pollution.
Ecologic planting cultivation is the inexorable trend of Agricultural Industrialization Development, be characterized according to kind cultivation animals and plants between symbiosis complementarity principle, utilize natural substance circulation system, by planting cultural technique and control measures accordingly, make animals and plants syntrophism in certain breeding spaces and region, realize keeping ecological balance, improving the object of culture benefit.The developmental research that the present invention carries out based on above-mentioned background just.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide the method for a kind of rice field three-dimensional culture, not only maintains the ecological balance, and the rice produced is nuisanceless, environmental protection, rich in nutritive value.
The present invention realizes by following technical solution:
A kind of rice field stereoscopic cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) rice field finishing: the annual last ten-days period in April repair rice field, are specially:
1) raising irrigation canals and ditches are dug: in rice field surrounding and plantation field, dig out " day " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape raising irrigation canals and ditches, the width of raising irrigation canals and ditches is 65 ~ 85cm, the degree of depth is 75 ~ 90cm, and its cross section is trapezium structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom;
2) field stalk builds: add soil in the raising outside of trenches of rice field surrounding and erect ridge, and ridge width is 60 ~ 80cm, is highly 60 ~ 75cm, and its cross section is up-narrow and down-wide trapezium structure;
3) consolidation: compacting process is carried out to the raising bottom of trench of irrigation canals and ditches and the stalk dike surface of ridge;
4) protection is arranged: build a concrete column in ridge surrounding every 1.5m, the high 1.8 ~ 2.2m of post, and on concrete column, cover the wire netting built and formed and lie around, and is provided with four scarecrows in ridge corner;
5) culvert system: arrange water inlet ridge one jiao, arrange a discharge outlet at the trench bottom at its diagonal angle, enters discharge outlet and is equipped with that nylon is anti-escapes net;
(2) aquatic animals and plants is raised: the transplanting cultivation operation carrying out aquatic animals and plants every year May, is specially:
1) rice field sterilization: with pulverized limestone to raising irrigation canals and ditches and the disinfection of plantation field;
2) base manure soil applies: after sterilizing one week, will become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement, bagasse and the bed-silt that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixing after-applied in plantation field with raise on irrigation canals and ditches, applying is highly 8 ~ 12cm;
3) aquatic products animals and plants are cultivated: in raising irrigation canals and ditches, plant hydrilla verticillata, waterweed and floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani, inoculate water earthworm simultaneously on base manure soil;
(3) Rice Cropping: in annual June, the first tenday period of a month start rice cultivation on plantation field, adopt the plantation pattern transplanting seedlings of large-ridge double-row;
(4) fish stocking: at Rice Cropping after 8 ~ 10 days, puts in a suitable place to breed in raising irrigation canals and ditches by grass carp and carp fry;
(5) daily management: between the paddy rice growth stage, guaranteed water level is higher than plantation field 8 ~ 12cm, and period carries out water supply and drainage work, and every day, to fish feeding twice, carries out respectively at the morning and evening;
(6) the gathering of paddy rice and fish: the first tenday period of a month in October fish for sale to fish, and mid-October can to paddy rice harvesting.
Further, in step (1) 1) area that digs the raising irrigation canals and ditches of raising described in irrigation canals and ditches is 5 ~ 12% of the rice field gross area.
Further, in step (1) 4) the protection mesh that arranges described wire netting is the rectangle of 6x6cm, scarecrow height is 1.5 ~ 1.8m.
Further, in step (1) 5) nylon described in culvert system prevents that the aperture of escaping to net is 20 ~ 30 orders, string diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.4mm.
Further, in step (2) 1) pulverized limestone consumption described in the sterilization of rice field is 25 ~ 35 kilograms every mu.
Further, in step (2) 2) base manure soil apply described in the weight ratio of farmers''s excrement, bagasse and the bed-silt that becomes thoroughly decomposed be 4:2:3.
Further, in step (2) 3) aquatic products animals and plants cultivate described in hydrilla verticillata, waterweed and floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani cultivated area be raise irrigation canals and ditches 40 ~ 50%, water earthworm inoculum concentration is every square of 250 ~ 350g.
Further, the described large distance between the ridges of step (3) is 32 ~ 40cm, and little distance between the ridges is 15 ~ 20cm.
Further, the number ratio of step (4) described grass carp and carp is 7:3, and fry all length be 4 ~ 5cm, every mu throw in 800 ~ 1000 tails.
Further, step (5) is described feeds the mixture that piscivorous feed is shrimp shell, dregs of beans and the iblet pulverized, and carries out fixed point feeding respectively at morning 10.00 and afternoon 3.00.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: this rice field stereoscopic cultivation method have employed the breeding way of " rice fishing is done altogether ", the native growth not being only paddy rice of base manure of reasonable applying provides fertility, again for water earthworm provides good growth environment and nutriment, water earthworm is loose soil when growing, improve the nutrient content of soil, facilitate the lifting of rice yield, and fertility is strong, is the good foods of fish; The grass carp raised and carp can eat up the insects such as weeds in rice field and wriggler, and the ight soil of discharge is the good nutriment of paddy rice, and fish growth foraging activity can be stirred earth and promote the decomposition of fertilizer, for paddy growth creates good condition; The aquatic plant of plantation not only can as the food of fish, and can improve water oxygen Gas content, purify water, and improves the environment of paddy growth, reduce the incidence of disease; By the ecologic breeding mode of the present invention's rational " rice fishing is done altogether ", agricultural chemicals during greatly reducing Rice Cropping and the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, improve nutritive value and the safety in utilization of crop, and rice yield increases, breeding remarkable benefit in rice field promotes, have the advantages that breeding process is easy to operate, aquaculture cost is low, cultivation safety is high, suit large area to popularize.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of rice field stereoscopic cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) rice field finishing: the annual last ten-days period in April repair rice field, are specially:
1) raising irrigation canals and ditches are dug: in rice field surrounding and plantation field, dig out " day " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape raising irrigation canals and ditches, the width of raising irrigation canals and ditches is 70 ~ 80cm, the degree of depth is 80 ~ 90cm, and its cross section is trapezium structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom;
2) field stalk builds: add soil in the raising outside of trenches of rice field surrounding and erect ridge, and ridge width is 65 ~ 80cm, is highly 60 ~ 70cm, and its cross section is up-narrow and down-wide trapezium structure;
3) consolidation: compacting process is carried out to the raising bottom of trench of irrigation canals and ditches and the stalk dike surface of ridge;
4) protection is arranged: build a concrete column in ridge surrounding every 1.5m, post height 2.0m, and on concrete column, cover the wire netting built and formed and lie around, and is provided with four scarecrows in ridge corner;
5) culvert system: arrange water inlet ridge one jiao, arrange a discharge outlet at the trench bottom at its diagonal angle, enters discharge outlet and is equipped with that nylon is anti-escapes net;
(2) aquatic animals and plants is raised: the transplanting cultivation operation carrying out aquatic animals and plants every year May, is specially:
1) rice field sterilization: with pulverized limestone to raising irrigation canals and ditches and the disinfection of plantation field;
2) base manure soil applies: after sterilizing one week, will become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement, bagasse and the bed-silt that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixing after-applied in plantation field with raise on irrigation canals and ditches, applying is highly 10cm;
3) aquatic products animals and plants are cultivated: in raising irrigation canals and ditches, plant hydrilla verticillata, waterweed and floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani, inoculate water earthworm simultaneously on base manure soil;
(3) Rice Cropping: in annual June, the first tenday period of a month start rice cultivation on plantation field, adopt the plantation pattern transplanting seedlings of large-ridge double-row;
(4) fish stocking: at Rice Cropping after 8 days, puts in a suitable place to breed in raising irrigation canals and ditches by grass carp and carp fry;
(5) daily management: between the paddy rice growth stage, guaranteed water level is higher than plantation field 8 ~ 10cm, and period carries out water supply and drainage work, and every day, to fish feeding twice, carries out respectively at the morning and evening;
(6) the gathering of paddy rice and fish: the first tenday period of a month in October fish for sale to fish, and mid-October can to paddy rice harvesting.
Further, in step (1) 1) area that digs the raising irrigation canals and ditches of raising described in irrigation canals and ditches is 9% of the rice field gross area.
Further, in step (1) 4) the protection mesh that arranges described wire netting is the rectangle of 6x6cm, scarecrow height is 1.6m.
Further, in step (1) 5) nylon described in culvert system prevents that the aperture of escaping to net is 22 orders, string diameter is 0.35mm.
Further, in step (2) 1) pulverized limestone consumption described in the sterilization of rice field is 30 kilograms every mu.
Further, in step (2) 2) base manure soil apply described in the weight ratio of farmers''s excrement, bagasse and the bed-silt that becomes thoroughly decomposed be 4:2:3.
Further, in step (2) 3) aquatic products animals and plants cultivate described in hydrilla verticillata, waterweed and floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani cultivated area be raise irrigation canals and ditches 45 ~ 50%, water earthworm inoculum concentration is every square of 300g.
Further, the described large distance between the ridges of step (3) is 37cm, and little distance between the ridges is 18cm.
Further, the number ratio of step (4) described grass carp and carp is 7:3, and fry all length be 4 ~ 5cm, every mu throw in 800 ~ 1000 tails.
Further, step (5) is described feeds the mixture that piscivorous feed is shrimp shell, dregs of beans and the iblet pulverized, and carries out fixed point feeding respectively at morning 10.00 and afternoon 3.00.
In order to contrast planting effect of the present invention, have chosen the rice field that one piece of area is identical near this raising field, adopting traditional paddy rice planting method as a control group, following table is correction data:
Embodiment 1 Control group
Paddy rice per mu yield (kg) 550 520
Paddy rice sells income (unit) 1650 1560
Chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, cost of labor (unit) 980 1100
Aquatic products animals and plants drop into feeding cost (unit) 860 Nothing
Fry sells income (unit) 1150 Nothing
Every mu of comprehensive benefit (unit) 960 460
As can be seen from the above table, the per mu yield comprehensive benefit of this cultural method comparable tradition cultivation paddy rice is enhanced about more than once, and has higher economic worth.

Claims (10)

1. a rice field stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) rice field finishing: the annual last ten-days period in April repair rice field, are specially:
1) raising irrigation canals and ditches are dug: in rice field surrounding and plantation field, dig out " day " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape raising irrigation canals and ditches, the width of raising irrigation canals and ditches is 65 ~ 85cm, the degree of depth is 75 ~ 90cm, and its cross section is trapezium structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom;
2) field stalk builds: add soil in the raising outside of trenches of rice field surrounding and erect ridge, and ridge width is 60 ~ 80cm, is highly 60 ~ 75cm, and its cross section is up-narrow and down-wide trapezium structure;
3) consolidation: compacting process is carried out to the raising bottom of trench of irrigation canals and ditches and the stalk dike surface of ridge;
4) protection is arranged: build a concrete column in ridge surrounding every 1.5m, the high 1.8 ~ 2.2m of post, and on concrete column, cover the wire netting built and formed and lie around, and is provided with four scarecrows in ridge corner;
5) culvert system: arrange water inlet ridge one jiao, arrange a discharge outlet at the trench bottom at its diagonal angle, enters discharge outlet and is equipped with that nylon is anti-escapes net;
(2) aquatic animals and plants is raised: the transplanting cultivation operation carrying out aquatic animals and plants every year May, is specially:
1) rice field sterilization: with pulverized limestone to raising irrigation canals and ditches and the disinfection of plantation field;
2) base manure soil applies: after sterilizing one week, will become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement, bagasse and the bed-silt that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixing after-applied in plantation field with raise on irrigation canals and ditches, applying is highly 8 ~ 12cm;
3) aquatic products animals and plants are cultivated: in raising irrigation canals and ditches, plant hydrilla verticillata, waterweed and floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani, inoculate water earthworm simultaneously on base manure soil;
(3) Rice Cropping: in annual June, the first tenday period of a month start rice cultivation on plantation field, adopt the plantation pattern transplanting seedlings of large-ridge double-row;
(4) fish stocking: at Rice Cropping after 8 ~ 10 days, puts in a suitable place to breed in raising irrigation canals and ditches by grass carp and carp fry;
(5) daily management: between the paddy rice growth stage, guaranteed water level is higher than plantation field 8 ~ 12cm, and period carries out water supply and drainage work, and every day, to fish feeding twice, carries out respectively at the morning and evening;
(6) the gathering of paddy rice and fish: the first tenday period of a month in October fish for sale to fish, and mid-October can to paddy rice harvesting.
2. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, in step (1) 1) area that digs the raising irrigation canals and ditches of raising described in irrigation canals and ditches is 5 ~ 12% of the rice field gross area.
3. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, in step (1) 4) the protection mesh that arranges described wire netting is the rectangle of 6x6cm, scarecrow height is 1.5 ~ 1.8m.
4. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, in step (1) 5) nylon described in culvert system prevents that the aperture of escaping to net is 20 ~ 30 orders, string diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.4mm.
5. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, in step (2) 1) pulverized limestone consumption described in the sterilization of rice field is 25 ~ 35 kilograms every mu.
6. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, in step (2) 2) base manure soil apply described in the weight ratio of farmers''s excrement, bagasse and the bed-silt that becomes thoroughly decomposed be 4:2:3.
7. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, it is characterized in that, in step (2) 3) aquatic products animals and plants cultivate described in hydrilla verticillata, waterweed and floral leaf Scirpus tabernaemontani cultivated area be raise irrigation canals and ditches 40 ~ 50%, water earthworm inoculum concentration is every square of 250 ~ 350g.
8. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, the described large distance between the ridges of step (3) is 32 ~ 40cm, and little distance between the ridges is 15 ~ 20cm.
9. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, the number ratio of step (4) described grass carp and carp is 7:3, and fry all length be 4 ~ 5cm, every mu throw in 800 ~ 1000 tails.
10. a kind of rice field according to claim 1 stereoscopic cultivation method, is characterized in that, step (5) is described feeds the mixture that piscivorous feed is shrimp shell, dregs of beans and the iblet pulverized, and carries out fixed point feeding respectively at morning 10.00 and afternoon 3.00.
CN201510538817.9A 2015-08-29 2015-08-29 Method for tridimensionally culturing paddy fields Pending CN105145061A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106665425A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-17 卢志旭 Method for breeding Wuchang breams in ecological environmental protection mode
CN107278576A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-24 黄山市多维生物(集团)有限公司 A kind of plantation aquaculture model in the ecological rice field of multidimensional
CN107466753A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-12-15 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 Rice crab loach solid complex ecological breeding method
CN107836306A (en) * 2017-12-02 2018-03-27 乐至县致富移民渔业专业合作社 A kind of cultural method of rice fish mutualism
CN108633657A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-12 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 A kind of method that red worm cultivation is made altogether with Rice Cropping
CN109156249A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-01-08 安徽曲洋农业开发有限公司 A kind of one ground of agricultural high-effiency is mostly used breeding method
CN109169082A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-11 临沂市农业科学院 A kind of rice carp symbiotic cultivation method
CN110915579A (en) * 2018-09-20 2020-03-27 河南省功能农业新科技有限公司 Selenium-rich symbiotic method for fishing rice
CN113079982A (en) * 2020-01-08 2021-07-09 重庆舂舂香生态农业有限公司 Comprehensive rice and fish planting and breeding method for producing green high-quality rice in strong high-temperature drought region

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CN104106439A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-10-22 江西星布斯农业发展有限公司 Mutualism high yield planting and breeding technology of paddy rice, tiger frogs and soft-shelled turtles in organic paddy field

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106665425A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-17 卢志旭 Method for breeding Wuchang breams in ecological environmental protection mode
CN106665425B (en) * 2016-11-30 2020-07-14 卢志旭 Ecological environment-friendly method for breeding megalobrama amblycephala
CN107278576A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-24 黄山市多维生物(集团)有限公司 A kind of plantation aquaculture model in the ecological rice field of multidimensional
CN107278576B (en) * 2017-07-17 2020-12-29 黄山市多维生物(集团)有限公司 Planting and breeding mode of multi-dimensional ecological rice field
CN107466753A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-12-15 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 Rice crab loach solid complex ecological breeding method
CN107836306A (en) * 2017-12-02 2018-03-27 乐至县致富移民渔业专业合作社 A kind of cultural method of rice fish mutualism
CN108633657A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-12 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 A kind of method that red worm cultivation is made altogether with Rice Cropping
CN108633657B (en) * 2018-04-25 2020-09-11 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 Method for combined cultivation of red worm breeding and rice planting
CN109156249A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-01-08 安徽曲洋农业开发有限公司 A kind of one ground of agricultural high-effiency is mostly used breeding method
CN110915579A (en) * 2018-09-20 2020-03-27 河南省功能农业新科技有限公司 Selenium-rich symbiotic method for fishing rice
CN109169082A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-11 临沂市农业科学院 A kind of rice carp symbiotic cultivation method
CN113079982A (en) * 2020-01-08 2021-07-09 重庆舂舂香生态农业有限公司 Comprehensive rice and fish planting and breeding method for producing green high-quality rice in strong high-temperature drought region

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