CN106008009A - Soil amendment for saline and alkaline land, and preparation and application methods thereof - Google Patents
Soil amendment for saline and alkaline land, and preparation and application methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106008009A CN106008009A CN201610398997.XA CN201610398997A CN106008009A CN 106008009 A CN106008009 A CN 106008009A CN 201610398997 A CN201610398997 A CN 201610398997A CN 106008009 A CN106008009 A CN 106008009A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil amendment for saline and alkaline land. The soil amendment comprises powder and water aqua. The powder comprises, by weight, 10 to 15 parts of organic bentonite, 2 to 5 parts of modified rectorite, 10 to 20 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 to 20 parts of humus, 15 to 30 parts of composite fertilizer, 3 to 8 parts of amino acid, 0.5 to 1 part of polyacrylamide and 0.3 to 1 part of biological flora. The water aqua comprises, by weight, 12 to 20 parts of citric acid, 20 to 35 parts of maleic anhydride, 10 to 20 parts of wood vinegar, 3 to 5 parts of amino acid, 3 to 5 parts of free humic acid and 0.2 to 0.5 part of polyacrylamide. Meanwhile, the invention provides a preparation method and application method for the soil amendment. The soil amendment is target to saline and alkaline soil in the north of China; and through cooperative usage of the powder and the water aqua, the soil amendment exerts good improvement effect and is fact in action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alkaline land improving field, be specifically related to a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner and preparation thereof and
Application process.
Background technology
Salt-soda soil is distribution on global a kind of soil types widely, is a kind of important land resource.Whole world salt
Alkali ground area is about 15,000,000,000 mu, China's salt-soda soil area about 5.4 hundred million mu, accounts for a thirtieth of the whole world;
Ploughing about 0.9 hundred million mu in China salt-soda soil, China ploughs and only has 1,500,000,000 mu, accounts for the near of China's cultivated area
1/15th.Have become as the maximum barrier of restriction China's improvement of the ecological environment and agricultural sustainable development at present
Hinder.
The porosity of alkaline land soil is little, and fertility is low, it is easy to harden, and ventilative water permeability is poor, and C, N are mineralization
Degree is low, and in soil, the activity of enzyme is suppressed, and affects the activity of microorganism and organic conversion.Soil
The salt ion of middle excess, to destroying plant born of the same parents tissue, hinders plant growing, the soil that salinization and alkalization is high
Even cause root system of plant to rot, cause plant the most dead.At present, the soil improvement side in domestic salt-soda soil
Method and technology be summed up approximately as: (1) is physically improved: level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time,
Raise landform, microcell is improved the soil;(2) water conservancy improvement: fill deploying set, storage fresh water on saline-alkali land for leaching, washing salinity by irrigation, underground
Salt discharge;(3) chemical modifying: gypsuming, ardealite, calcium superphosphate, humic acids, peat, acid-sludge etc.;
(4) biological modification: rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant sesbania etc., or use germ fertile.
Soil conditioner improvement salt-soda soil has the advantages such as easy and simple to handle, with low cost, range is wide, is
Modern agriculture reduces most commonly used a kind of technological means that salinization of soil degree uses.More and more
Scientific worker turns one's attention to soil conditioner, not only optimizes the formula of soil conditioner, also simplify
Preparation method.Up to the present, a series of new method preparing soil conditioner is had been set up.But it is existing
In most modifying agent effect fall flat, meanwhile, most of powder or graininess modifying agent use
Ardealite to provide the solubility calcium of abundance for soil as raw material, is replaced out by sodium ion in colloidal complex
Come, thus reduce the basicity in soil.But, for the alkaline land soil in the north, belong to terra calcis
Earth, itself, containing abundant calcareous, therefore, result in ardealite and is not suitable for the soil improvement in these regions,
Meanwhile, this modifying agent consumption is big, takes effect slow.Therefore it provides one is suitable to north alkaline land soil improvement
Agent becomes market and needs badly.
Summary of the invention
One to be solved by this invention technical problem is that: provide a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner, for north
Side's alkaline land soil, use powder and water preparation with the use of, improved effect is good, instant effect.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner, including powder and water preparation,
Described powder includes following component by weight: organobentonite 10-15 part, property of modified rectorite 2-5
Part, fertilizer 10-20 part, humus 10-20 part, compound fertilizer's 15-30 part, aminoacid 3-8 part is poly-
Acrylamide 0.5-1 part, biological flora 0.3-1 part;
Described water preparation includes following component by weight: citric acid 12-20 part, maleic anhydride 20-35 part,
Pyroligneous acid 10-20 part, aminoacid 3-5 part, free humic 3-5 part, polyacrylamide 0.2-0.5 part.
As the preferred scheme of one, described fertilizer be animal wastes, straw, cake fertilizer, compost,
Make compost, barnyard manure, natural pond be fertile and at least one of green manure.
As the preferred scheme of one, described biological flora includes bacillus subtilis, light and antibacterial, fixed nitrogen
At least two of bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, trichoderma and silicate bacteria.
As the preferred scheme of one, described compound fertilizer includes potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and by weight
It is respectively potash fertilizer 2-6 part, phosphate fertilizer 5-8 part, nitrogenous fertilizer 8-15 part.
To be solved by this invention another technical problem is that: provides the system of a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner
Preparation Method, the soil conditioner that the method prepares, improved effect is good, instant effect.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of preparation method of saline-alkali land soil conditioner, the preparation of described powder comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw material: organobentonite being dried moisture to content is 3%-8%, and is crushed to 100-150
Mesh,
Rectorite ball mill ball milling is become fine powder, and calcines, then use cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
Carry out organically-modified as intercalator, finally by the organically-modified organic rectorite obtained and polypropylene melt
Melt to be blended on Double helix screw machine and be prepared as property of modified rectorite,
Animal wastes, straw are pulverized concurrent ferment and are obtained fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer 2-6:5-8:8-15 by weight is mixed to get mixing fertilizer;
2) mixing granulation: by step 1) in pretreated feedstock mixing, and add humus, aminoacid, biology
Flora and polyacrylamide are uniformly mixed, and send into granulator granulation, obtain the powder of modifying agent;
The preparation of described water preparation comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: claim water preparation raw material for standby according to weight ratio;
2) heating for dissolving: be heated to 30-70 DEG C by adding gauge water in reactor, by free humic with poly-
Acrylamide adds fully dissolving;
3) mixing: citric acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid are added in reactor, stirring mixing
Uniformly;
4) detection subpackage: temperature of reaction kettle is dropped to less than 20 DEG C, mixed liquor subpackage is i.e. obtained the water of modifying agent
Agent.
As the preferred scheme of one, described powder is prepared needed raw material and is respectively as follows: organic swelling by weight
Soil 10-15 part, property of modified rectorite 2-5 part, fertilizer 10-20 part, humus 10-20 part, compound fertilizer
15-30 part, aminoacid 3-8 part, polyacrylamide 0.5-1 part, biological flora 0.3-1 part;
Described water preparation is prepared needed raw material and is respectively as follows: citric acid 12-20 part, maleic anhydride 20-35 by weight
Part, pyroligneous acid 10-20 part, aminoacid 3-5 part, free humic 3-5 part, polyacrylamide 0.2-0.5
Part.
The 3rd the invention solves the problems that technical problem is that: provide the side of using of a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner
Method, improved effect is good, instant effect.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
The application process of a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner, during plantation arbor, before plantation, by dilute for described water preparation
Release 300-500 times of pressure salt of pouring water, during plantation, described powder is mixed homogeneously with original soil 1:2-5 by weight
Fill tree well, after plantation, with the water preparation pouring of dilution 400-600 times.
When plantation shrub and lawn, before plantation, soil surface uniform spreading spills described powder thickness 0.5-1.5cm
And turn over, spray or pouring with the water preparation of dilution 300-600 times after plantation.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is according to north alkaline land soil situation, and the powder of modifying agent selects organobentonite and modification to tire out
Torr stone, organobentonite has the ability of good absorption sodium ion, moreover it is possible to play the effect making soil thickening;
Rectorite has stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC) and absorbability, is modified the property of modified rectorite obtained, aobvious
Writing the cation exchange enhancing in rectorite interlamination region, cation dissolution specific surface area increases, rectorite
Absorbability and chemism obtain bigger raising;The submission using enhancing Soil structure of property of modified rectorite,
Solve ardealite improvement time length simultaneously and be not suitable for the drawback of north calcium carbonate alkaline land soil.
Organic matter in fertilizer has stronger absorption property and higher cation replacement ability simultaneously, right
Na+, Cl-have the strongest adsorption, and organic matter is the source that plant nutrient is important, organic matter decomposition energy
There is provided comprehensive nutrient for plant growth, thus strengthen the ability that crop survives in adverse circumstance;Compound fertilizer contains
There are the potassium needed for plant growing, nitrogen and P elements.
The water preparation of modifying agent contains organic acid and sodium ion adsorbent, can with the PH of balanced soil and reduce sodium from
Sub-concentration.Water preparation, during pour water pressure salt and sprinkling irrigation, uses more convenient, compensate for the drawback that powder uses,
Using powder and water preparation collocation to use, effect is substantially and effect is fast.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this
Invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that read the present invention lecture content it
After, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, and these equivalent form of values fall within equally
The application appended claims limited range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner, including powder and water preparation,
Described powder includes following component by weight: organobentonite 12 parts, property of modified rectorite 3 parts, has
Fertile 15 parts of machine, 14 parts of humus, compound fertilizer 18 parts, 5 parts of aminoacid, polyacrylamide 0.5 part, raw
Thing flora 0.6 part;
Described water preparation includes following component by weight: citric acid 13 parts, maleic anhydride 30 parts, pyroligneous acid
12 parts, 4 parts of aminoacid, free humic 4 parts, polyacrylamide 0.2 part.
Described fertilizer is animal wastes and straw;Described compound fertilizer is that potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer are by weight
Amount part 2:5:10 mix, described biological flora include bacillus subtilis, light and antibacterial, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and
Silicate bacteria.
Embodiment 2
A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner, including powder and water preparation,
Described powder includes following component by weight: organobentonite 15 parts, property of modified rectorite 3 parts, has
Fertile 18 parts of machine, 12 parts of humus, compound fertilizer 16 parts, 4 parts of aminoacid, polyacrylamide 0.8 part, raw
Thing flora 0.5 part;
Described water preparation includes following component by weight: citric acid 13 parts, maleic anhydride 25 parts, pyroligneous acid
12 parts, 3 parts of aminoacid, free humic 3 parts, polyacrylamide 0.4 part.
Its preparation method comprises the following steps:
The preparation of described powder comprises the following steps:
3) pretreatment of raw material: it is 6% that organobentonite is dried moisture, and is crushed to 120 mesh;
Rectorite ball mill ball milling is become fine powder, and calcines, then use cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
Carry out organically-modified as intercalator, finally by the organic rectorite after organically-modified and polypropylene fusion
It is blended on Double helix screw machine and is prepared as property of modified rectorite;
Animal wastes, straw are pulverized concurrent ferment and obtained fertilizer;
Potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer 3:5:10 by weight is mixed to get mixing fertilizer;
4) mixing granulation: by step 1) in pretreated feedstock mixing, and add humus, aminoacid, biology
Flora (Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, trichoderma and silicate bacteria) and polyacrylamide
Amine is uniformly mixed, and sends into granulator granulation, obtains the powder of modifying agent;
The preparation of described water preparation comprises the following steps:
5) get the raw materials ready: deserve to be called according to above-mentioned weight ratio and state water preparation raw material for standby;
6) heating for dissolving: be heated to 50 DEG C, by free humic and polypropylene by adding gauge water in reactor
Amide adds fully dissolving;
7) mixing: citric acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid are added in reactor, stirring mixing
Uniformly;
8) detection subpackage: temperature of reaction kettle is dropped to 15 DEG C, mixed liquor subpackage is i.e. obtained the water preparation of modifying agent.
Embodiment 3
In the beach saline land ecological region planting ditch tree selected, before plantation, first having dug plant pit, plant pit diameter is big
In Broussonetia papyrifera soil ball 20cm, use embodiment 2 water preparation 500 times of pressure salt of pouring water of dilution, during plantation, will implement
Example 2 powder mixs homogeneously filling tree well with original soil 1:3 by weight, is planted by ditch tree into tree well, and growth is partly
After individual month, with the embodiment 2 water preparation pouring after dilution 500 times.
Embodiment 4
At the beach saline land ecological region planting Vitex rotundifolia selected, before plantation, soil surface uniform spreading spills reality
Execute example 2 powder thickness 0.5cm and turn over, with the embodiment 2 water preparation pouring after dilution 500 times after plantation.
Embodiment 5-7
Select salt-soda soil ecological region planting Broussonetia papyrifera, use embodiment 2 to prepare modifying agent, according to embodiment 3
Implantation methods, May and November detect salinity and the content of organic matter respectively, are listed as follows:
Can be drawn by data above, powder and water preparation use simultaneously, and the salinity of soil declines substantially,
Soil with organic matter content is obviously improved, and compares control sample, and the quality-improving effect of soil is obvious, and sees
Effect is fast, and meanwhile, ratio is used alone powder or water preparation is more conducive to the growth of Broussonetia papyrifera.
Claims (8)
1. a saline-alkali land soil conditioner, it is characterised in that include powder and water preparation,
Described powder includes following component by weight: organobentonite 10-15 part, property of modified rectorite 2-5 part,
Fertilizer 10-20 part, humus 10-20 part, compound fertilizer's 15-30 part, aminoacid 3-8 part, poly-third
Acrylamide 0.5-1 part, biological flora 0.3-1 part;
Described water preparation includes following component by weight: citric acid 12-20 part, maleic anhydride 20-35 part, wood
Acetic acid 10-20 part, aminoacid 3-5 part, free humic 3-5 part, polyacrylamide 0.2-0.5 part.
2. a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fertilizer is
Thing feces, straw, cake fertilizer, compost, make compost, barnyard manure, natural pond be fertile and at least one of green manure.
3. a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described compound fertilizer includes
Potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and it is respectively potash fertilizer 2-6 part, phosphate fertilizer 5-8 part, nitrogenous fertilizer 8-15 by weight
Part.
4. a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described biological flora bag
Include bacillus subtilis, light and antibacterial, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, Trichoderma spp.
Bacterium and at least two of silicate bacteria.
5. the preparation method of a saline-alkali land soil conditioner, it is characterised in that include the preparation of powder and water preparation,
The preparation of described powder comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw material: drying organobentonite to moisture is 3%-8%, and is crushed to 100-150
Mesh;
Rectorite ball mill ball milling is become fine powder, and calcines, then use cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
Carrying out organically-modified as intercalator, the organic rectorite finally modification obtained is with polypropylene fusion altogether
It is mixed on Double helix screw machine and is prepared as property of modified rectorite;
Animal wastes, straw are pulverized concurrent ferment and obtained fertilizer;
Potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer 2-6:5-8:8-15 by weight is mixed to get mixing fertilizer;
2) mixing granulation: by step 1) in pretreated feedstock mixing, and add humus, aminoacid, biology
Flora and polyacrylamide are uniformly mixed, and send into granulator granulation, obtain the powder of modifying agent;
The preparation of described water preparation comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: claim water preparation raw material for standby according to weight ratio;
2) heating for dissolving: be heated to 30-70 DEG C by adding gauge water in reactor, by free humic with poly-
Acrylamide adds fully dissolving;
3) mixing: citric acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid are added in reactor, stirring mixing
Uniformly;
4) detection subpackage: temperature of reaction kettle is dropped to less than 20 DEG C, mixed liquor subpackage is i.e. obtained the water of modifying agent
Agent.
The preparation method of a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner the most as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described
Powder is prepared needed raw material and is included following component by weight: organobentonite 10-15 part, rectorite 2-5
Part, fertilizer 10-20 part, humus 10-20 part, compound fertilizer's 15-30 part, aminoacid 3-8 part,
Polyacrylamide 0.5-1 part, biological flora 0.3-1 part;Described water preparation prepares needed raw material by weight
Including following component: citric acid 12-20 part, maleic anhydride 20-35 part, pyroligneous acid 10-20 part, ammonia
Base acid 3-5 part, free humic 3-5 part, polyacrylamide 0.2-0.5 part.
The application process of a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plantation
During arbor, before plantation, described water preparation is diluted 300-500 times of pressure salt of pouring water, during plantation, by described powder
Filling tree well is mixed homogeneously in agent with original soil 1:2-5 in proportion, after plantation, with dilution 400-600 times
Water preparation waters.
The application process of a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plantation
When shrub and lawn, before plantation, soil surface uniform spreading spills described powder thickness 0.5-1.5cm and turns over,
Spray or pouring with the water preparation of dilution 300-600 times after plantation.
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CN106590666A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-04-26 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | Conditioner for relieving saline-alkaline stress and waterlogging stress of cotton as well as preparation method and application of conditioner |
CN106588511A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 吉林三才源实业集团有限公司 | Soil improvement method |
CN106631398A (en) * | 2016-11-27 | 2017-05-10 | 深圳前海汉唐农业资本管理有限公司 | Special water-soluble soil conditioning package for saline-alkali land and preparation method of special water-soluble soil conditioning package |
CN106631617A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-10 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Water-saving nutrient pot for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
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CN114672319A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-28 | 新疆昆仑雷士农业科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner, preparation method and application thereof, and saline-alkali soil conditioning method |
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