CN107698385A - A kind of organic culture substrate and its transformation salt-soda soil, the method for planting black fruit fructus lycii - Google Patents
A kind of organic culture substrate and its transformation salt-soda soil, the method for planting black fruit fructus lycii Download PDFInfo
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- CN107698385A CN107698385A CN201710814760.XA CN201710814760A CN107698385A CN 107698385 A CN107698385 A CN 107698385A CN 201710814760 A CN201710814760 A CN 201710814760A CN 107698385 A CN107698385 A CN 107698385A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
To overcome prior art insufficient, salt-soda soil, the method for planting black fruit fructus lycii are transformed the invention provides a kind of organic culture substrate and its preparation method and using the cultivation matrix, the efficient organic culture substrate of low cost is developed using the agriculture and forestry organic waste material after fermentation, bio-bacterial manure, animal wastes, while salt-soda soil is transformed, improve black fruit fructus lycii yield and quality, it is horizontal for improving China salt-soda soil comprehensive development and utilization, promote varieties in saline-alkali areas Sustainable Development of Agriculture to have important practical significance.
Description
Technical field
Salt-soda soil, plantation are transformed the present invention relates to a kind of organic culture substrate and its preparation method and using the cultivation matrix
The method of black fruit fructus lycii.
Background technology
The soil salinization is the characteristic feature of NORTHWEST CHINA Soils In The Region, serious to restrict the Northwest's agricultural development.China
Salinized soil accounts for the 10% of area, is concentrated mainly on inland area, Northwest, China, and small part is distributed in northeast, North China and coastal area,
And with the trend gradually extended.Many farmlands are because saliferous influence is forced no longer cultivated, and the farmland salinity that these are thrown aside is with dampening
The evaporation divided is up rapidly to be gathered, and causes soil salinization phenomenon to be further exacerbated by.Halophytes has very strong salt-resistance more,
It is the material of good research plant anti-salt, discloses plant salt tolerance mechanism for deep people, screening is efficient, high quality salt-tolerant plant product
Kind resource is significant.Different halophytes can keep away salt mode by difference to reach adaptability under saline environment,
Make its stem or the continuous carnification of mesophyll, i.e., dilute salt while such as absorbing a large amount of ions;Leaf or stem epidermal cell form salt-secreting gland, by born of the same parents
Interior salinity is secreted into extracellular salt-secreting gland, that is, secretes salt;By preventing extraneous salinity from entering people's plant or being stored in after entering people's plant
So as to reduce the salinity of entirety or aerial part, that is, salt is refused without being transported to aerial part or only transporting a part in root.Also
Can with the various tolerances to salt come reduce or from caused by infiltration and ionic stress murder by poisoning.For example, woody halophytes is red
Tree also has in addition to xeromorphy and refuses the salt-secreting structures such as physiological property and the salt-secreting gland of salt, and variously-shaped by being formed
Pneumathodium be well adapted for the salt tolerances of bay river mouth salt life any plants of mud flat wetland z, be not dependent on a certain
The single process of kind, but depending on the general direction of all processes.Research shows, plant self structure, intracellular ion area
The close phase of adaptability and physiological mechanism with plant to salt stress such as domain, osmotic adjustment and oxygen scavenging activity, endogenous hormones
Close.
Black fruit fructus lycii belongs to the perennial shrub of Solanaceae, Lycium, is one of 7 kinds of Lycium, has very strong drought-enduring, resistance to
Saline alkali, it is the Northwest's protophyte resource, there is the important ecological effect checked winds and fixed drifting sand, conserved water and soil, is that there is development
The degeneration-resistant fine tree species of potentiality.Black fruit fructus lycii claims " other agate " in Tibetan medicine, available for treatment cardiopyretic disease, heart disease, irregular menstruation,
The illnesss such as menopause.The content of anthocyanidin is up to 3690mg/100g in its dry fruit, is to find flower so far more than blue poison
Blue or green cellulose content highest wild fruit, be it is a kind of integrate the ecological value, economic value, social value it is wild excellent
Seeds, available for saline land greening and ecological environment treatment.Therefore high commodity development value is had concurrently.And its provenance with
Outer regional introduction popularization practical is seldom.
Salinization of soil area ecology fragility, natural conditions limiting factor is more, the utilization for saline alkali land resource, to adhere to
Protection is laid equal stress on exploitation, is strengthened ecological construction conscientiously, is prevented the deterioration of the ecological environment.The improved test card of different alkaline land modifying agents
It is bright, although having certain improved effect to salt-soda soil, in general, or improvement cost it is higher, or effect it is undesirable, do not hold
Long.
The content of the invention
To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of organic culture substrate and utilizes the cultivation base
Matter transformation salt-soda soil, the method for planting black fruit fructus lycii, it is saline and alkaline to transform by developing low-cost, efficient organic culture substrate
Ground, while black fruit fructus lycii yield and quality are improved, reach and improve China salt-soda soil comprehensive development and utilization level, promote varieties in saline-alkali areas
The target of Sustainable Development of Agriculture.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of cultivation matrix, its component include agriculture and forestry organic waste material and bio-bacterial manure after fermentation.Preferably to play collaboration
Effect, also contain animal wastes in cultivation matrix of the present invention.
Preferably, following component by weight is contained in above-mentioned cultivation matrix:Agriculture and forestry organic waste material 200-500 parts, it is raw
Thing bacterial manure 2-5 parts;Or also contain animal wastes 20-50 parts;
It is further preferred that contain following component by weight in above-mentioned cultivation matrix:Agriculture and forestry organic waste material 12-36
Part, bio-bacterial manure 2-5 parts;Or also contain animal wastes 5-10 parts;
It is preferred that contain following component by weight in the cultivation matrix:300 parts of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, biological bacteria
3 parts of fertilizer;Or also contain 35 parts of animal wastes.
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material of the present invention is leaf, bark, branch, rotten wood, rotten wood, wood chip, one kind in stalk or several
Kind;
Preferably, the leaf is the leaf of deciduous tree;
It is further preferred that the leaf of the deciduous tree is the leaf of Populus seeds;
It is further preferred that the leaf of the Populus seeds is Poplar leaves.
The strain of bio-bacterial manure of the present invention is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, peanut rhizobium, huge bud
Spore bacillus, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, fixed nitrogen series bacillus, it is Lactobacillus plantarum, Issatchenkia orientalis, thermoactinomyces sacchari, withered
Careless bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, peanut rhizobium, bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, fixed nitrogen class gemma bar
Bacterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Issatchenkia orientalis, thermoactinomyces sacchari, saccharomyces cerevisiae, Brevibacillus laterosporus, bacillus licheniformis,
Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, the brown streptomycete of wine laterite, Lactococcus lactis, Streptomyces jingyangensis, acidophilus breast bar
Bacterium, Trichoderma viride, Pediococcus pentosaceus, pichia farinose, Rhizopus oryzae, aspergillus niger, pantoea agglomerans, Freund strepto-, light spore mould,
Rihizobium japonicum, Rhizobium of Milk Vetch, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma viride, bacillus licheniformis, ash
Spiral shell streptomycete, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, streptomyces albus, reddish black streptomycete, bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces microflavus, often
Existing mould, lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, aspergillus oryzae, thermophilic fungus destroyed wire, streptomyces microflavus, trichoderma pseudokiningii, do not absorb water chain
Mould, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus mycoides, Trichoderma harzianum, Lou Che Shi streptomycetes, candida utili, candida tropicalis,
Streptomyces microflavus, fixed nitrogen series bacillus, Brevibacillus laterosporus, hydrogenlike silicon ion, A Shi team arthrobacterium, trichoderma asperellum,
Azotobacter chroococcum, white light gray streptomycete, thermophilic fungus destroyed wire, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Lactobacillus casei,
Lactobacillus rhamnosus, broom shape aspergillus, the purple streptomycete of heat, pseudomonas putida, pichia pastoris phaff, outstanding fourth Pichia pastoris, powder
Red viscous broom is mould, clover rhizobia, Pichia membranaefaciens, trichoderma reesei, chaetomium globosum, streptomyces cellulosae, Pasteur finish it is red
Yeast, trichodermaharzianum, saccharomycopsis fibuligera, base knurl nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, Sinorhizobium meliloti, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, heat
Purple streptomycete, aspergillus fumigatus, geotrichum candidum, bacillus pumilus, Bu Shi lactobacillus, lactobacillus paracasei, Bacillus sphaericus, take ratio
Grace Pichia pastoris, white black streptomycete, Pichia anomala, Sinorhizobium fredii, mung bean rhizobium, Cellumomonas flavigena,
One or more in the thermophilic facultative alkaliphile of salt;
Preferably, the strain of the bio-bacterial manure is nitrogen-fixing bacteria and/or the facultative alkaliphile of thermophilic salt;
It is further preferred that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps:
One or more of raw materials in leaf, bark, branch, rotten wood, rotten wood, wood chip, stalk pile 1 meter of level above,
The fermentation prepared is directly sprayed in stockpile with bacterium solution, the bacterium solution quantity of spray, which rests in heap body bottom, there will be the aqueous solution
Untill outflow, maintain 1-20 days, carry out turning as needed, add appropriate bio-bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;
Preferably, to further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, appropriate animal wastes is added, are mixed, cures 1-7 days, obtains
Efficient Cultivation matrix.
Bacterium solution described in the preparation method of above-mentioned cultivation matrix byTrichoderma, aspergillus, one in Penicillium and whiterot fungi
Kind or several bacterium composition;
Preferably, the bacterium solution is made up of the one or more of strains and whiterot fungi in trichoderma reesei;
It is further preferred that the bacterium solution is made up of whiterot fungi and trichoderma reesei Rut-C30.Present invention also offers above-mentioned
Another preparation method of cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps:
One or more of raw materials in leaf, bark, branch, rotten wood, rotten wood, wood chip, stalk pile 1 meter of level above,
The cellulase prepared and/or hemicellulase and/or lignin degradation enzyme mixation are directly sprayed in stockpile, sprayed
The enzyme mixation quantity of leaching rest in heap body bottom will have the aqueous solution outflow untill, maintain 1-20 days, carry out turning as needed,
Appropriate bio-bacterial manure is added, mixes, obtains cultivation matrix;
To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, appropriate animal wastes are added, are mixed, cures 1-7 days, obtains Efficient Cultivation
Matrix.
Present invention additionally comprises application of the above-mentioned cultivation matrix in salt-soda soil is improved, comprise the following steps:
Above-mentioned cultivation matrix is uniformly imposed on into saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 100-2000kg/ mus;Revolved immediately after applying
Plough 1-2 times, rotary tillage depth is 10-20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.
Present invention also offers a kind of implantation methods of black fruit fructus lycii, the implantation methods use above-mentioned cultivation matrix,
Even soil surface after imposing on leveling, amount of application is 100-2000kg/ mus;Rotary tillage 1-2 times is carried out after applying immediately, rotary tillage depth is
10-20cm, suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first with bio-bacterial manure solution wetted band soil
Seedling root, then transplanted on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 30-70cm of determination, line-spacing 80-120cm, be layered earthing, compress, make
Root system is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Salinization of soil area ecology fragility, natural conditions limiting factor is more, the utilization for saline alkali land resource, accepting a heavy burden road
Far.The improved test of different alkaline land modifying agents proves, although having certain improved effect to salt-soda soil, in general,
Or improvement cost is higher, or effect is not undesirable, lasting.
To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of organic culture substrate and utilizes the cultivation base
Matter transformation salt-soda soil, the method for planting black fruit fructus lycii, the present invention are studied by lot of experiments, and agriculture and forestry organic waste material passes through cellulose
Enzyme, hemicellulase, lignin-degrading enzymes enzymolysis digest by cellulase, hemicellulase, lignin-degrading enzymes
After microbial fermentation, cultivation matrix transformation salt-soda soil, the effect of plantation black fruit fructus lycii after bio-bacterial manure and animal wastes are added
More preferably, theoretically agriculture and forestry organic waste material is by cellulase, hemicellulase, lignin-degrading enzymes (lignin peroxidase for fruit
Enzyme and/or manganese peroxidase and/or laccase) enzymolysis into shortening During High-Temperature Composting fermentation period after small molecule, improve fermented quality,
It is easier efficiently to be utilized by microorganism simultaneously.
Present invention determine that low cost, the optimum proportioning and preparation method of Efficient Cultivation matrix each component, are transforming it
It is better in terms of salt-soda soil and raising black fruit fructus lycii yield and quality, reach and improve China salt-soda soil comprehensive development and utilization water
It is flat, promote the target of varieties in saline-alkali areas Sustainable Development of Agriculture.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment
Technology or condition person, carried out according to the technology or condition described by document in the art, or according to product description.
Embodiment 1
About 6 meters of height will be piled by 9 tons of wheat stalk powders of coarse powder, be 0.68g/L's by the mass concentration prepared
Whiterot fungi bacterium solution and mass concentration are that 0.39g/L trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 bacterium solutions are directly sprayed in stockpile, the bacterium of spray
Liquid quantity is rested in untill aqueous solution outflow will be arranged at heap body bottom, is maintained 20 days, is carried out turning as needed, it is brown to add 90kg circles
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria bio-bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, 1050kg swine excrements are added, are mixed
It is even, cure 7 days, obtain Efficient Cultivation matrix.Cultivation matrix is uniformly imposed on to saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 2000kg/ mus;Shi Hou
Rotary tillage 2 times is carried out immediately, and rotary tillage depth is 20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first
With the seedling root of azotobacteria fertilizer solution wetted band soil, then transplanted on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 50cm of determination, line-spacing 100cm,
Earthing is layered, is compressed, root system is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Embodiment 2
It is by 20 tons of Ramulus ulmi pumilae powder heaps of process coarse powder into 5 meters of height, 120kg cellulases, 60kg hemicellulases is molten
Liquid, 50kg lignin peroxidases are configured to mixed solution and directly sprayed in stockpile, and the enzyme mixation quantity of spray is slapped
Untill being held in heap body bottom and there be aqueous solution outflow, maintain 20 days, carry out turning as needed, add the life of 90kg azotobacter chroococcums
Thing bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, 1050kg swine excrements are added, are mixed, curing 7
My god, obtain Efficient Cultivation matrix.Cultivation matrix is uniformly imposed on to saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 2000kg/ mus;Carried out immediately after applying
Rotary tillage 2 times, rotary tillage depth are 20cm, are suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are first used
The seedling root of fertile solution wetted band soil, is then transplanted according to the spacing in the rows 50cm of determination, line-spacing 100cm on ridge, is layered earthing,
Compress, root system is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Embodiment 3
By by 9 tons of Poplar leaves powder heaps of coarse powder into about 6 meters of height, by 160kg laccases be configured to solution directly spray in
In stockpile, the bacterium solution quantity of spray is rested in untill aqueous solution outflow will be arranged at heap body bottom, is maintained 1 day, is carried out as needed
Turning, 6kg aspergillus niger XX-15A and 3kg candida tropicalis bio-bacterial manures are added, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;Further to increase
The nutrition of strong cultivation matrix, adds 9000kg sheep dungs, mixes, and cures 7 days, obtains Efficient Cultivation matrix.Cultivation matrix is equal
Even to impose on saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 100kg/ mus;Rotary tillage 2 times is carried out after applying immediately, rotary tillage depth is 10cm, is stood after rotary tillage
Suppress.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first with azotobacteria fertilizer solution wetted band soil seedling root, then on ridge
Transplanted according to the spacing in the rows 70cm of determination, line-spacing 80cm, be layered earthing, compressed, root system is in close contact with soil.It has been colonized
Bi Hou, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Embodiment 4
By 9 tons of Poplar leaves powder heaps of process coarse powder into 1 meter of height, by the trichoderma that the mass concentration prepared is 1.2g/L
NT-15A bacterium solutions are directly sprayed in stockpile, and the bacterium solution quantity of spray is rested in untill aqueous solution outflow will be arranged at heap body bottom,
Maintain 20 days, carry out turning as needed, add the facultative alkaliphile bio-bacterial manure of the thermophilic salt of 900kg, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;
To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, 90kg chicken manures are added, are mixed, cures 1 day, obtains Efficient Cultivation matrix.Will cultivation
Matrix uniformly imposes on saline and alkaline ground surface, and amount of application is 1000kg/ mus;Rotary tillage 1 time is carried out after applying immediately, rotary tillage depth is 20cm,
Suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first with azotobacteria fertilizer solution wetted band soil seedling root, so
Transplanted afterwards on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 30cm of determination, line-spacing 120cm, be layered earthing, compressed, root system is closely connect with soil
Touch.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Embodiment 5
It is by 9 tons of Poplar leaves powder heaps of process coarse powder into about 6 meters of height, 120kg cellulases, 60kg hemicellulases is molten
Liquid, 50kg lignin peroxidases are configured to mixed solution and directly sprayed in stockpile, and the enzyme mixation quantity of spray is slapped
Untill being held in heap body bottom and there be aqueous solution outflow, maintain 20 days, carry out turning as needed, add the life of 90kg azotobacter chroococcums
Thing bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, 1050kg cow dungs are added just, mix, curing 7
My god, obtain Efficient Cultivation matrix.Cultivation matrix is uniformly imposed on to saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 2000kg/ mus;Carried out immediately after applying
Rotary tillage 2 times, rotary tillage depth are 20cm, are suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are first used
The seedling root of fertile solution wetted band soil, then earthing is layered, is compressed according to determining that 50cm, line-spacing 100cm are transplanted on ridge,
Root system is set to be in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Embodiment 6
It is the white of 0.68g/L by the mass concentration prepared by 9 tons of Poplar leaves powder heaps of process coarse powder into about 5 meters of height
Rotten bacterium bacterium solution and mass concentration are that 0.39g/L trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 bacterium solutions are directly sprayed in stockpile, the bacterium solution of spray
Quantity is rested in untill aqueous solution outflow will be arranged at heap body bottom, is maintained 10 days, is carried out turning as needed, it is brown solid to add 90kg circles
Nitrogen bacterium bio-bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, 1050kg swine excrements are added, are mixed
It is even, cure 3 days, obtain Efficient Cultivation matrix.Cultivation matrix is uniformly imposed on to saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 2000kg/ mus;Shi Hou
Rotary tillage 2 times is carried out immediately, and rotary tillage depth is 20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first
With the seedling root of azotobacteria fertilizer solution wetted band soil, then transplanted on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 50cm of determination, line-spacing 100cm,
Earthing is layered, is compressed, root system is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Comparative example 1
Azotobacteria fertilizer is uniformly imposed on to saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 300kg/ mus;Rotary tillage 2 times is carried out after applying immediately, is revolved
Tilling depth degree is 20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first with azotobacteria fertilizer solution wetted
Seedling root with soil, is then transplanted on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 50cm of determination, line-spacing 100cm, is layered earthing, is compressed, is made root
System is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
Comparative example 2
Swine excrement is uniformly imposed on to saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application is 2000kg/ mus;Rotary tillage 2 times, rotary tillage are carried out after applying immediately
Depth is 20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, first with azotobacteria fertilizer solution wetted band
The seedling root of soil, is then transplanted on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 50cm of determination, line-spacing 100cm, is layered earthing, is compressed, is made root system
It is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
The black fruit fructus lycii planting survival rates of table 1
The black fruit fructus lycii yield of table 2
Label | Fresh fruit weight g/ | Convert dry fruit yield kg/ mus |
Embodiment 1 | 0.33 | 36.91 |
Embodiment 2 | 0.32 | 31.82 |
Embodiment 3 | 0.37 | 50.08 |
Embodiment 4 | 0.39 | 56.19 |
Embodiment 5 | 0.51 | 63.23 |
Embodiment 6 | 0.52 | 66.79 |
Comparative example 1 | 0.23 | 22.57 |
Comparative example 2 | 0.25 | 20.12 |
The change of P in soil H values after the black fruit fructus lycii of table 3 is planted 2 years
Although above having made relatively description in detail to the present invention with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that cultivation matrix contains agriculture and forestry organic waste material and bio-bacterial manure after fermentation, or also contains
There are animal wastes.
2. cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that as follows containing by weight in the cultivation matrix
Component:Agriculture and forestry organic waste material 100-1000 parts, bio-bacterial manure 1-10 parts;Or also contain animal wastes 10-100 parts;
Preferably, following component by weight is contained in the cultivation matrix:Agriculture and forestry organic waste material 200-500 parts, biological bacteria
Fertile 2-5 parts;Or also contain animal wastes 20-50 parts;
It is preferred that contain following component by weight in the cultivation matrix:300 parts of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, bio-bacterial manure 3
Part;Or also contain 35 parts of animal wastes.
3. cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the agriculture and forestry organic waste material be leaf, bark, branch,
One or more in rotten wood, rotten wood, wood chip, stalk;
Preferably, the leaf is the leaf of deciduous tree;
It is further preferred that the leaf of the deciduous tree is the leaf of Populus seeds;
It is further preferred that the leaf of the Populus seeds is Poplar leaves.
4. cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the strain of the bio-bacterial manure is bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, bacillus licheniformis, peanut rhizobium, bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, fixed nitrogen series bacillus, plant breast
Bacillus, Issatchenkia orientalis, thermoactinomyces sacchari, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, peanut rhizobium, huge gemma
Bacillus, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, fixed nitrogen series bacillus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Issatchenkia orientalis, thermoactinomyces sacchari, wine brewing
Yeast, Brevibacillus laterosporus, bacillus licheniformis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, the brown strepto- of wine laterite
Bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, Streptomyces jingyangensis, lactobacillus acidophilus, Trichoderma viride, Pediococcus pentosaceus, pichia farinose, Rhizopus oryzae,
Aspergillus niger, pantoea agglomerans, Freund strepto-, light spore mould, rihizobium japonicum, Rhizobium of Milk Vetch, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fluorescence
It is pseudomonad, Trichoderma viride, bacillus licheniformis, grey spiral shell streptomycete, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, streptomyces albus, reddish black
Streptomycete, bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces microflavus, often show mould, lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, aspergillus oryzae, the false silk in the torrid zone
Yeast, thermophilic fungus destroyed wire, streptomyces microflavus, trichoderma pseudokiningii, S. ahygroscopicus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus mycoides, Kazakhstan
Thatch trichoderma, Lou Che Shi streptomycetes, candida utili, streptomyces microflavus, fixed nitrogen series bacillus, Brevibacillus laterosporus, class
The red bacterium of ball, A Shi team arthrobacterium, trichoderma asperellum, azotobacter chroococcum, white light gray streptomycete, thermophilic fungus destroyed wire, yellow archespore hair
Flat lead fungi, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, broom shape aspergillus, the purple streptomycete of heat, Pseudomonas putida
Bacterium, pichia pastoris phaff, outstanding fourth Pichia pastoris, Gliocladium roseum, clover rhizobia, Pichia membranaefaciens, trichoderma reesei,
Chaetomium globosum, streptomyces cellulosae, pichia pastoris phaff, trichodermaharzianum, saccharomycopsis fibuligera, base knurl nitrogen-fixing rhizobia,
Sinorhizobium meliloti, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, the purple streptomycete of heat, aspergillus fumigatus, geotrichum candidum, bacillus pumilus, Bu Shi breast bars
Bacterium, lactobacillus paracasei, Bacillus sphaericus, take Bean's Pichia pastoris, white black streptomycete, Pichia anomala, Fei Shi China
One or more in rhizobium, mung bean rhizobium, Cellumomonas flavigena, the facultative alkaliphile of thermophilic salt;
Preferably, the strain of the bio-bacterial manure is nitrogen-fixing bacteria and/or the facultative alkaliphile of thermophilic salt;
It is further preferred that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum.
5. the preparation method of the cultivation matrix according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One or more of raw materials in leaf, bark, branch, rotten wood, rotten wood, wood chip, stalk pile 1 meter of level above, will match somebody with somebody
The fermentation made is directly sprayed with bacterium solution in stockpile, and the bacterium solution quantity of spray, which rests in heap body bottom, will aqueous solution outflow
Untill, maintain 1-20 days, carry out turning as needed, add appropriate bio-bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;
To further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, appropriate animal wastes are added, are mixed, cures 1-7 days, obtains Efficient Cultivation base
Matter.
6. the preparation method of cultivation matrix according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the bacterium solution is by trichoderma, aspergillus
One or more of bacterium composition in category, Penicillium and whiterot fungi;
Preferably, the bacterium solution is made up of the one or more of strains and whiterot fungi in trichoderma reesei;
It is further preferred that the bacterium solution is made up of whiterot fungi and trichoderma reesei Rut-C30.
7. the preparation method of the cultivation matrix according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One or more of raw materials in leaf, bark, branch, rotten wood, rotten wood, wood chip, stalk pile 1 meter of level above, will match somebody with somebody
The cellulase and/or hemicellulase and/or lignin degradation enzyme mixation made is directly sprayed in stockpile, spray
Enzyme mixation quantity rest in heap body bottom will have the aqueous solution outflow untill, maintain 1-20 days, carry out turning as needed, add
Appropriate bio-bacterial manure, mix, obtain cultivation matrix;
Preferably, to further enhance the nutrition of cultivation matrix, appropriate animal wastes is added, are mixed, cures 1-7 days, obtains efficiently
Cultivation matrix.
8. application of the cultivation matrix in salt-soda soil is improved described in claim any one of 1-4.
9. application of the cultivation matrix according to claim 8 in salt-soda soil is improved, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly:
Cultivation matrix described in claim any one of 1-4 is uniformly imposed on into saline and alkaline ground surface, amount of application 100-2000kg/
Mu;Rotary tillage 1-2 times is carried out after applying immediately, rotary tillage depth is 10-20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.
10. a kind of implantation methods of black fruit fructus lycii, it is characterised in that the implantation methods are using any one of claim 1-4 institute
The cultivation matrix stated, soil surface after leveling is uniformly imposed on, amount of application is 100-2000kg/ mus;Rotary tillage 1-2 is carried out after applying immediately
Time, rotary tillage depth is 10-20cm, is suppressed immediately after rotary tillage.With ridger ridging, compacting;Before seedling transplanting, bio-bacterial manure is first used
The seedling root of solution wetted band soil, is then transplanted on ridge according to the spacing in the rows 30-70cm of determination, line-spacing 80-120cm, is layered
Earthing, compress, root system is in close contact with soil.After field planting, carry out irrigating the survival rate for improving seedling.
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