CN105284234B - A kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284234B CN105284234B CN201510624048.4A CN201510624048A CN105284234B CN 105284234 B CN105284234 B CN 105284234B CN 201510624048 A CN201510624048 A CN 201510624048A CN 105284234 B CN105284234 B CN 105284234B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to seed treatment field, there is provided a kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination.This method uses the technological means of low temperature bond broken shell breaking dormancy, promotes nucleocapsid to ftracture, increase kind transdermally, contributes to kind of a decomposition or conversion for intracutaneous inhibiting substances.By the seed after mechanical shell-breaking, break the obstruction of nucleocapsid, then after low-temperature treatment, germination percentage can be greatly improved.This method is workable, without removing kind of a skin, it is adapted to a large amount of processing, it is small by ectocine, speed of germination is fast, and without using hormone medicines such as gibberellin, germination percentage reaches more than 95%, germination percentage than the processing method of existing sand storage lamination can improve 50~80%, and emergence rate can reach more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed treatment field, the method for more particularly to improving cherry percentage of seedgermination, specifically one
Plant the method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination.
Background technology
Sweet cherry (cerasum and Cerasus) also known as Western cherry, southern region is commonly referred to as " car li ", originated in
European Black Sea bank and western part of Asia, are that after cherry, spring lists earliest fruit, therefore has " spring fruit first "
Laudatory title.Its fruit colour is bright-coloured, sparkling and crystal-clear beautiful, red such as agate, and yellow such as congealed fat, nutrition is especially enriched, and fruit is rich in sugared, albumen
The multiple element such as matter, vitamin and calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, thus it is described as " treasure in fruit ".The sweet cherry variety master of China's cultivation
To be American-European kind, be done well in northern China some areas, due to gean typically need 0~7.2 DEG C of low temperature 600~
Winter dormancy can be completed within 1400 hours, limit the commerial growing in south China.Sweet cherry seed in oblong or
Circle, it is 9.0~10.0mm × 9.0~12.0mm that transverse and longitudinal, which is passed through, and nucleocapsid thickness is 1.2~1.4mm, benevolence transverse and longitudinal passes through as 4.0~
5.0mm × 6.0~7.0mm.Its seed has one layer of rigid shell, because the structural obstructions and embryo development of seed nucleus are not complete, causes
Having viable embryo can not germinating growth.According to experience in breeding, scientific research personnel finds out with sand storage lamination method to beat
Prolonged dormancy is broken, though can partly sprout, emergence rate remains unchanged very low, it is impossible to realize the requirement of efficient rapid breeding.
Chinese patent application CN 1041701557A disclose a kind of promotion cherry seed rapidly and efficiently Germination And Seedling
Method, short for cherry kind fruit development period, embryo easily occur can not reach full growth and cause germination percentage low
Problem is there is provided a kind of method for going kind of skin to break cherry seed dormancy mechanism, but this method is the ring at 0~4 DEG C
Induction is sowed for 5~7 days after most of seed base-root is sprouted under border, and the mode equivalent to vernalization reaches the mesh of fast-germination
, it will usually with the use of hormone medicine to reach optimum efficiency, go in addition kind of skin method be served only for little sample testing can be with,
But it can not be also applied to the current level of this area in extensive processing method, cost is high, efficiency is low.
Therefore, there is presently no can carry out the method for breaking dormancy mechanism from the structural obstructions for overcoming seed nucleus to carry for this area
High sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination.
The content of the invention
The present invention for solve in the prior art sweet cherry emergence rate it is low, it is impossible to the problem of realizing efficient rapid breeding there is provided
A kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination.This method uses the technological means of low temperature bond broken shell breaking dormancy, can
Kind of a transdermally is effectively increased, germination percentage is improved and reaches more than 95%, emergence rate reaches more than 90%.
The inventive concept of the present invention is such：By breaking seed dormancy come Germination And Seedling, for as sweet cherry it is this
Its shell of kernel approaches seed is hard, it is necessary to handled by mechanical shell-breaking, promotes nucleocapsid to ftracture, increase kind transdermally, helps to plant
The decomposition or conversion of intracutaneous inhibiting substances.By the seed after mechanical shell-breaking, break the obstruction of nucleocapsid, then by low-temperature treatment
Afterwards, germination percentage can be greatly improved.
What the present invention was realized in：A kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination comprises the following steps：
(1) middle late sweet cherry variety is gathered, sweet cherry pulp and seed are peeled off, seed is then loaded into fine mesh bag
In, fully clean, at normal temperatures, be stored at shady and cool ventilation and dry；
Cleaned seed nucleus, will select shady place to spread out immediately, it is therefore an objective to kind of shell surface water is distributed as early as possible, degree of drying in the shade,
To reach that safety moisture content is advisable, safety moisture content is typically 20~24%.If dried in the sun, protein can be lost
Hydrophilic ability, it is impossible to utilized for rataria, or germinating power is lost due to cell membrane lacerated wound or kind of a skin is caused because drying is too fast
Crowfoot cracks and lose protective effect, ultimately result in Interior Seed moisture be difficult diffusion cause inclusion go bad.
(2) the seed broken shell that will be dried in the shade in step (1), takes out benevolence, in its culture dish holding, will be placed in 2~6 DEG C of refrigerators
Refrigeration is standby；Described skin breaking is, by mechanical shell-breaking, to promote nucleocapsid to ftracture, increase kind transdermally, helps to plant intracutaneous
The decomposition or conversion of inhibiting substances.
(3) benevolence is taken out from refrigerator, be put into container, soaked 6~8 hours with clear water, drift out floating kind, treat that benevolence is filled
Divide after water suction, in the culture dish that benevolence being placed in neatly is covered with to moistening filter paper, it is to avoid contacted with each other between benevolence, in 2~6
DEG C refrigerator cold-storage is preserved；
(4) through 90~120 days low temperature, moistening processing, when radicle grow to 2~3cm it is long when, the nutrition in greenhouse can be sowed
In alms bowl, hardening after emerging, as 10~25cm of height of seedling, is transplanted to field.
Further, the criterion that benevolence fully absorbs water in described step (3) is：Plant skin full, it is non-wrinkled.
Further, in described step (3), benevolence is checked every 10 days, contaminated benevolence is chosen in time
Go out, and clean remaining benevolence, change filter paper and keep the skin wet in time.
Further, refrigerator cold-storage temperature is 2~4 DEG C in described step (2) and step (3).
The moistening degree of filter paper is not dripped for standard after being soaked with filter paper in described step (3).
The factor of sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination is influenceed mainly including kind, the selection of seed, when treatment conditions and sowing
Machine, wherein, middle-late ripening variety will be selected by being adapted to the kind of the sweet cherry of the present invention, because its embryo of early-maturing variety is immature
's.The embryo of physiological maturity although existing germinating capacity, but water content is high, kind skin is not fine and closely woven, easy dehydration.The morphological maturity phase
Embryo grow completion, water content is low, and development is enriched, and premunition is strong, plants the fine and closely woven long storage of skin.Therefore form is used in production
The seed in maturity period, i.e. seed color depth are glossy, it is full to enrich.
After sweet cherry seed dries in the shade, water content reduction, the nutriment of storage has synthesized the polymer not readily dissolved
Matter and in a dormant state, seed needs to absorb certain moisture, by certain time under low temperature, ventilation, wet condition
Processing could germinate.Temperature control is optimum at 2~6 DEG C, and a series of physiological change occurs for Interior Seed, plasmic to ooze
The activity raising of permeability and enzyme, complicated organic matter is gradated as simple organic matter, and last embryo starts to sprout, germination percentage
It is high.
The selection on sowing opportunity is also to influence one of key factor of emergence rate, when radicle length is less than 2cm, emergence rate
It is low, when length is more than 3cm, radicle can be injured during sowing.Therefore when radicle grow to 2~3cm it is long when, for sowing optimum state, can
Sow in the nutritive cube in greenhouse, hardening after emerging, when height of seedling is more than 15cm, be transplanted to field, emergence rate can most preferably be improved
To more than 90%.
Compared with prior art, the method that the present invention is provided effectively is beaten without removing kind of a skin by the method for low temperature broken shell
The dormancy of broken seed, it is workable, it is adapted to a large amount of processing, small by ectocine, speed of germination is fast, without using gibberellin etc.
Hormone medicine, germination percentage reaches more than 95%, than the processing method of existing sand storage lamination germination percentage can improve 50~
80%, emergence rate can reach more than 90%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is optimal sowing state radicle figure after low temperature skin breaking of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is seed sprouting figure after being sowed 20 days using the inventive method；
Fig. 3 is seed sprouting figure after being sowed 30 days using the inventive method.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below by embodiment, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Sweet cherry hybrid seed evening red pearl, each 3000 of the thunder Buddhist nun of middle-late ripening variety are gathered, each kind is divided into A, B two
Group, every group 1500, three repetitions of every group of carry out are tested, 500 tablets/time, and wherein A groups are control group, using traditional sand storage layer
Product method processing lamination method is sprouted, and B groups are handled with the inventive method, and the processing of B groups is specific as follows：
(1) sweet cherry pulp and seed are peeled off, then seed are fitted into fine mesh bag, fully cleaned, at normal temperatures, storage
It is stored at shady and cool ventilation and dries in the shade；The seed moisture proportion that dries in the shade is maintained at 20~24%；Therebetween, it should be noted that observe during drying,
Whether there is mouldy seed, to abandon in time.
(2) by the seed broken shell dried in the shade, benevolence is taken out with mechanically or manually method broken shell, during broken shell takes benevolence,
Benevolence should not be injured and skin is planted, it will also be noted that shrivelled benevolence is chosen, selected and remain in full benevolence culture dish holding, deposit 2~6
DEG C (preferably 2~4 DEG C) refrigerator cold-storage is standby.
(3) benevolence is taken out from refrigerator, be put into container, soaked 6~8 hours with clear water, drift out floating kind, treat that benevolence is filled
It is that kind of skin is full to divide after water suction, non-wrinkled, in the culture dish that seed being placed in neatly is covered with to moistening filter paper, in 2~4 DEG C of ice
Case is stored refrigerated；Benevolence is checked every 10 days, contaminated benevolence is chosen in time, remaining benevolence is cleaned
Put again in culture dish afterwards.In addition, in the development stage, it is necessary to which more moisture, will often observe filter paper in culture dish
Humidity, if there is the situation of water deficient, timely moisturizing.The moistening degree of filter paper, not dripped for standard after moistened surface.
When benevolence shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally it is necessary to avoid being rinsed with water, in case damage embryo, chooses pollution benevolence.
(4) after low temperature, moistening processing in 90~120 days, it can effectively break the dormancy of seed, when radicle shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, open
The statistics that begins germination percentage；The seed that radicle does not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally after 20 days, that is, be considered as and do not germinate；When radicle grow to 2~3cm it is long when, can broadcast
Plant in the nutritive cube in greenhouse, hardening after emerging, during 10~25cm of height of seedling, transplant to field, count emergence rate.
The germination of late red pearl and thunder Nietzsche with sweet cherry seed after different disposal method is sets forth in table 1, by
Data are understood in table 1, and low temperature breaking dormancy can be realized using the inventive method, are effectively increased kind of a transdermally, and need not
By way of vernalization, germination percentage more than 95% can be just reached without hormones such as sprinkling gibberellin.
The sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination statistical form of the distinct methods of table 1 processing
As shown in Figure 2, it is the late red pearl seed sprouting figure after being sowed 20 days using the inventive method, can be clear from figure
Chu is seen, emergence rate can reach more than 90%, and inventor has found to be broadcast when radicle grows to 2~3cm through repetition test
Emergence rate can be effectively improved by planting, and seedling quality is high, substantially increases seed utilization rate.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) middle late sweet cherry variety is gathered, sweet cherry pulp and seed are peeled off, then seed are fitted into fine mesh bag,
Fully clean, at normal temperatures, be stored at shady and cool ventilation and dry；
(2) the seed broken shell that will be dried in the shade in step (1), takes out benevolence, in its culture dish holding, will be placed in 2~6 DEG C of refrigerator cold-storages
It is standby；
(3) benevolence is taken out from refrigerator, be put into container, soaked 6~8 hours with clear water, drift out floating kind, treat that benevolence is fully inhaled
After water, in the culture dish that benevolence being placed in neatly is covered with to moistening filter paper, it is to avoid contacted with each other between benevolence, in 2~6 DEG C of ice
Case is stored refrigerated；
(4) through 90~120 days low temperature, moistening processing, when radicle grow to 2~3cm it is long when, the nutritive cube in greenhouse can be sowed
In, hardening after emerging, as 10~25cm of height of seedling, is transplanted to field.
2. a kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(3) criterion that benevolence fully absorbs water in is：Plant skin full, it is non-wrinkled.
3. a kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(3) in, benevolence is checked every 10 days, contaminated benevolence is chosen in time, and cleans remaining benevolence, filter paper is changed
Keep the skin wet in time.
4. a kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(2) and in step (3) refrigerator cold-storage temperature is 2~4 DEG C.
5. a kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(3) the moistening degree of filter paper is not dripped for standard after being soaked with filter paper in.
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| CN201510624048.4A CN105284234B (en) | 2015-09-26 | 2015-09-26 | A kind of method for improving sweet cherry percentage of seedgermination |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105815188A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-03 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Mid-late maturity peach seed direct germinating and seedling culturing technology |
| CN106489643A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 莱州市宏顺梅花种植科技有限公司 | A kind of Prunus mume var.bungo Makino breeding method |
| CN106804365A (en) * | 2017-02-18 | 2017-06-09 | 天长市圣丰生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of winter resistance is strong, downgrade the car li seedling propagation breeding method of precocity fruiting |
| CN107820777B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2020-11-06 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Method for improving germination rate of peach seeds |
| CN110651712A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for promoting root growth in-vitro culture of primrose |
| CN111602550A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-09-01 | 普洱大华林业科技有限公司 | Artificial seedling raising method using taxus chinensis seeds |
| CN111972074B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-04-22 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Seed treatment method for early-maturing sweet cherry variety and method for sowing seedlings in current year |
| CN112616535B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-03-25 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Rapid germination and seedling raising method for south sweet cherry seeds |
| CN113826544A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-24 | 禄劝普林生物科技有限责任公司 | Breeding method of hybrid plum with high anthocyanin content |
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| WO2004049778A1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-17 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Method of protecting seeds treated with a phytotoxic agent |
| CN104170557A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-03 | 四川农业大学 | Method for promoting rapid and efficient germination of Chinese cherry seeds |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004049778A1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-17 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Method of protecting seeds treated with a phytotoxic agent |
| CN104170557A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-03 | 四川农业大学 | Method for promoting rapid and efficient germination of Chinese cherry seeds |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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